A preparation method of active ingredients of homology of medicine and food based on composite carrier

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of natural product extraction and medicine preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method for improving active ingredients of homemedicinal plants based on a composite carrier. The present application aims to solve the technical problems of poor water solubility, chemical instability, low oral bioavailability and the like of active ingredients of homemedicinal plants. In the present application, deep eutectic solvents are used to extract homemedicinal plant materials, so as to improve the extraction efficiency and stability of active ingredients; and a composite carrier protection layer composed of polysaccharide-metal organic framework is constructed, and the extracted active ingredients are loaded in the composite carrier protection layer; in the present application, a layer of pH-sensitive chitosan derivative outer membrane is coated on the outer layer of the composite carrier, so as to realize intelligent response drug release control, protect the active ingredients from being released or decomposed too early, effectively release the active ingredients and improve the intestinal absorption; the active ingredient composite carrier prepared by the method of the present application has a core-double-shell structure, and has good chemical stability and environmental response performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of natural product extraction and drug preparation, specifically relating to a method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier. Background Technology

[0002] Medicinal and edible plants refer to plant resources that can be used as both food and medicine, containing bioactive components that have health-promoting and therapeutic effects on the human body. However, these active components often suffer from poor water solubility, low oral absorption rates, and chemical instability. For example, typical active components such as curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and ginsenosides have extremely low water solubility, making them difficult to fully absorb and utilize after oral ingestion. Therefore, improving the extraction efficiency, stability, and bioavailability of active components from medicinal and edible plants has always been a technical challenge in the fields of functional foods and natural medicines. Traditionally, solvents such as water, ethanol, or combinations thereof are commonly used to extract plant active components, but these conventional solvents either have limited extraction efficiency or pose safety risks due to residual organic solvents. In addition to the extraction process, the preparation of high-performance active component delivery carriers is also crucial for improving their bioavailability. Traditional carriers such as liposomes, emulsions, and cyclodextrin inclusion complexes have improved the dissolution and absorption of poorly soluble components to some extent, but they still have limitations such as limited encapsulation efficiency, insufficient stability, or poor controlled release performance.

[0003] In summary, existing technologies require further exploration in the efficient extraction and improved bioavailability of active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants, lacking a systematic solution integrating green and efficient extraction with a multi-level composite delivery carrier. On the one hand, maintaining and improving the stability and yield of active substances during extraction is a challenge; on the other hand, designing a carrier capable of protecting active substances in the complex gastrointestinal environment and promoting their release and absorption at appropriate sites is also an urgent problem to be solved. This invention provides a novel technical solution that combines deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction with a multifunctional composite carrier, innovating the entire process from raw material extraction to formulation delivery, thereby significantly improving the preparation effect and application performance of active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a preparation method based on a composite carrier to enhance the stability, solubility, and oral bioavailability of active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants. This method combines novel green extraction technology with intelligent delivery carrier design to address the problems of insufficient extraction of active ingredients, easy inactivation, and low absorption rate in the digestive tract in existing technologies. The specific technical solution is as follows: A method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier is as follows: Raw materials and reagents: medicinal and edible plant materials, deep eutectic solvent, polysaccharides, metal-organic framework materials, and chitosan derivatives.

[0005] S1: Grind the medicinal and edible plant raw materials into powder, pass them through a 100-mesh sieve, and mix them with a deep eutectic solvent in a certain solid-liquid ratio; stir at 50℃ and 200rpm for 2 hours, and centrifuge at 8000rpm for 15 minutes, collect the supernatant, and prepare the extract of medicinal and edible plant components. S2: The extract of medicinal and edible plant components prepared in step S1 is mixed with metal-organic framework material, stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and centrifuged, the precipitate is collected and washed with ethanol aqueous solution; then added to polysaccharide solution, reacted and stirred for 30 minutes, centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes, the supernatant is discarded, the product is collected and vacuum dried to prepare composite powder. S3: The composite powder prepared in step S2 is mixed with the chitosan derivative solution at a certain solid-liquid ratio; the mixture is ultrasonically dispersed for 5 minutes at 300W and stirred at 300rpm for 1 hour; the pH is maintained to allow the chitosan derivative to precipitate from the solution and deposit on the particle surface to form a film; after the reaction is completed, the mixture is centrifuged at 10000rpm for 10 minutes, the final product is collected and washed, and finally vacuum dried to prepare the active ingredient of medicinal and edible plants based on the composite carrier.

[0006] Furthermore, for medicinal and edible plant materials, turmeric, Japanese knotweed, or sophora japonica flowers can be selected.

[0007] Furthermore, the deep eutectic solvent mentioned in step S1 is composed of choline chloride, glycerol, and water mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2:1.

[0008] Furthermore, the solid-liquid ratio mentioned in step S1 is specifically a ratio of powder to deep eutectic solvent of 1g:10mL.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal-organic framework material described in step S2 is selected from γ-cyclodextrin-metal-organic frameworks, ZIF-8, or iron-terephthalic acid frameworks.

[0010] Furthermore, the polysaccharide mentioned in step S2 is selected from soybean polysaccharide, pectin, or sodium alginate.

[0011] Further, the chitosan derivative described in step S3 is selected from phthaloyl chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan, or succinylated chitosan, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0-6.5 using 0.1 mol / L acetate-sodium acetate buffer.

[0012] Furthermore, the solid-liquid ratio mentioned in step S3 is specifically a ratio of 1g to 100mL for the composite powder and the chitosan derivative solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the pH maintained in step S3 is in the range of 5.0 to 6.5.

[0014] Furthermore, the vacuum drying described in step S3 is configured with the following parameters: drying temperature -30°C and drying time 24 hours.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses a deep eutectic solvent to extract medicinal and edible plants, which can extract insoluble active substances to the maximum extent and avoid the safety and degradation problems caused by the use of organic solvents, thus achieving high extraction efficiency and stable components.

[0016] 2. This invention uses a polysaccharide-metal-organic framework composite carrier to encapsulate the active ingredients in a dual matrix of rigid channels and flexible polymers, providing excellent physical protection. The polysaccharide coating effectively prevents gastric acid and enzymes from eroding the metal-organic framework and active substances, significantly reducing gastric release, achieving a sustained-release effect, and improving biocompatibility.

[0017] 3. This invention uses an outer chitosan derivative to impart pH-responsive properties to the carrier, maintaining encapsulation in the stomach and rapidly releasing the drug in the intestine, effectively achieving on-demand drug release.

[0018] 4. The deep eutectic solvent used in this invention is composed of edible and safe natural substances, and is low in toxicity and environmentally friendly; the carrier material is a metal-organic framework of biodegradable polysaccharides and elements that can be metabolized in vivo, and chitosan derivatives also have good safety. Therefore, the entire formulation has no toxic side effects and meets the safety requirements for food and medicine homology products. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a process for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier, according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The infrared spectrum is from Experiment Example 1.

[0021] Figure 3 A comparison chart of the test results for Experiment Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following embodiments further explain and illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention. It is particularly noted that each specific embodiment is a concretization and explanation of the technical solution and should not be considered as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art still have the right to modify the technical solutions of these embodiments and make equivalent substitutions for some or all of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not change the essence of the corresponding technical solutions, nor do they cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions described in the present invention. (See attached...) Figure 1The diagram shows a process for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier. The detailed technical solution is as follows: 1. Deep eutectic solvent-assisted extraction of active ingredients Deep eutectic solvents were selected for the extraction of medicinal and edible plant materials. The plant materials were mixed and impregnated with the deep eutectic solvent at room temperature, and then subjected to ultrasonic and microwave assistance to efficiently extract the target active ingredients.

[0023] Deep eutectic solvents, as green solvents, can improve the solubility and stability of active ingredients. They are composed of natural, low-toxicity components and have good solubility and stabilizing effect on a variety of phytochemicals.

[0024] 2. Constructing a polysaccharide-metal-organic framework composite carrier and loading active ingredients The extract containing the active ingredient obtained from the extraction step was mixed with a metal-organic framework precursor solution and polysaccharide material. An active ingredient-polysaccharide-metal-organic framework composite carrier was prepared using in-situ self-assembly or post-loading methods. Biocompatible metal-organic frameworks, such as γ-cyclodextrin-metal-organic frameworks, iron-terephthalic acid frameworks, or ZIF-8, were selected as the carrier skeleton, and natural polysaccharides were chosen as surface modifiers to prepare composite carrier particles.

[0025] Polysaccharide molecules contain numerous hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. These polar functional groups can adsorb onto the surface of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and active ingredient molecules (such as curcumin and resveratrol) via hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. After MOF synthesis, these adsorb onto the particles. For negatively charged polysaccharides (such as pectin and sodium alginate), they can interact with positively charged ions or subsequent positively charged chitosan derivatives, further stabilizing the encapsulation structure and forming a polysaccharide-MOF composite protective layer. This protective layer improves the stability of MOF particles in aqueous phase and under gastric acid conditions, preventing premature release of active ingredients. It also imparts hydrophilicity and flexibility to the entire carrier, facilitating further outer layer encapsulation and subsequent drug release control. Active ingredients can be captured by the pores of the MOF during its formation process, or adsorbed and loaded with active molecules after MOF preparation by immersing the particles in an extraction solution. In the resulting composite carrier, the active ingredient is stably encapsulated within the pores of the MOF, while the polysaccharide-MOF layer provides physical protection and initial controlled release.

[0026] 3. Coating with pH-sensitive chitosan derivative outer membrane The obtained composite carrier particles are then surface-functionalized by coating them with a pH-responsive chitosan derivative outer membrane. The composite particles are dispersed in a chitosan derivative solution. Changes in the solution's pH induce the chitosan derivative to precipitate from the solution and deposit on the particle surface, forming a membrane. Increasing the system's pH causes the chitosan derivative to gel, thus fixing it into an insoluble outer membrane. The resulting outer layer is a pH-sensitive chitosan network. In an acidic environment (pH 5-6, such as gastric juice), it remains contracted and stable, releasing almost no contents. When transferred to a neutral to slightly alkaline environment (pH 6.8-7.4, such as intestinal fluid), the chitosan outer membrane swells or partially dissolves, increasing permeability and allowing the active ingredient to diffuse and be released. Simultaneously, the cationic nature of the chitosan outer layer allows it to adhere to the intestinal mucosa and slightly open tight junctions, facilitating the active ingredient's entry into the bloodstream through the epithelium. By adjusting the type of substituents and the degree of cross-linking of the chitosan derivative, the pH trigger point and dissolution rate of the outer membrane can be controlled, optimizing the drug release lag and rate.

[0027] This composite carrier works sequentially after ingestion: the chitosan outer membrane ensures that the active ingredients are not destroyed by strong acids or released prematurely as the formulation passes through the stomach; upon reaching the neutral environment of the small intestine, the outer membrane dissolves and is removed, exposing the middle polysaccharide-metal-organic framework layer, which then begins to slowly release the active ingredients; the active molecules in the metal-organic framework channels gradually diffuse out and are absorbed, while the polysaccharide layer can also be gradually degraded or swollen in the intestinal environment, accelerating the release of the active ingredients. This entire process significantly improves the retention time and absorption rate of the active ingredients in the body, thereby significantly enhancing its oral bioavailability.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Table 1 Raw Material Information Table

[0030] A method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier is as follows: Raw materials and reagents: The medicinal and edible plant raw material is turmeric. The deep eutectic solvent is prepared by pre-mixing choline chloride, glycerol and water in a molar ratio of 1:2:1. Soybean polysaccharide is selected. The metal-organic framework material is γ-cyclodextrin-metal-organic framework. The chitosan derivative is phthaloyl chitosan.

[0031] S1: Slice turmeric and crush it into powder. Pass it through a 100-mesh sieve. Take 50 grams and place it in a beaker. Add 500 mL of deep eutectic solvent. Stir at 50°C and 200 rpm for 2 hours. Centrifuge at 8000 rpm for 15 minutes. Collect the supernatant to prepare curcumin extract.

[0032] S2: Take 100 mL of curcumin extract prepared in step S1 and mix it with 20 mL of saturated K2HPO4 solution. Then add 10 g of γ-cyclodextrin powder, stir at room temperature for 2 hours and centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes. Collect the precipitate and wash it three times with ethanol aqueous solution to remove unencapsulated curcumin and residual deep eutectic solvent. Then disperse the moistened γ-cyclodextrin-metal-organic framework-curcumin precipitate in 100 mL of soybean polysaccharide solution and stir continuously for 30 minutes to induce phase separation precipitation of soybean polysaccharide, which encapsulates the metal-organic framework particles. Centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, discard the supernatant, collect the product and vacuum dry it to prepare the composite powder.

[0033] S3: Take 0.5g of the composite powder prepared in step S2 and add it to 50mL of 1% phthaloyl chitosan solution. The phthaloyl chitosan solution is adjusted to pH 5.5 with 0.1mol / L acetate-sodium acetate buffer. Then, it is sonicated at 300W for 5 minutes and stirred at 300rpm. The pH value is maintained at 5.5 during this process. After reacting for 2 hours, it is centrifuged at 10000rpm for 10 minutes. The final product is collected and washed once with distilled water and once with ethanol. Finally, it is vacuum dried at -30℃ for 24 hours to prepare curcumin based on the composite carrier.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, but with the following differences: Raw materials and reagents: The medicinal and edible plant material is Polygonum cuspidatum, which contains the active ingredient resveratrol. The metal-organic framework carrier is ZIF-8, the polysaccharide material is pectin, and the chitosan derivative is carboxymethyl chitosan (80% substitution).

[0036] In step S1, turmeric is replaced with Polygonum cuspidatum to prepare resveratrol extract; In step S2, 100 mL of the resveratrol extract prepared in step S1 is mixed with 100 mL of 2-methylimidazole aqueous solution (0.2 mol / L) and 100 mL of Zn(NO3)2 aqueous solution (0.1 mol / L); after stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, and 50 mL of pectin solution is added. In step S3, the phthaloyl chitosan solution was replaced with a carboxymethyl chitosan solution, and the pH was adjusted to 6.0 using a 0.1 mol / L acetate-sodium acetate buffer solution. The solution was ultrasonically dispersed for 5 minutes at 300 W and stirred at 300 rpm to allow the carboxymethyl chitosan to be fully adsorbed onto the pectin-coated ZIF-8 particles. The pH was maintained at 6.0 during the adsorption process. After reacting for 2 hours, the solution was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to prepare resveratrol based on the composite carrier.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1, but with the following differences: Raw materials and reagents: Sophora japonica flowers, a plant with both medicinal and edible properties, were selected as the raw material. The active ingredient is quercetin. The metal-organic framework carrier is an iron-terephthalic acid framework. The polysaccharide is sodium alginate. The chitosan derivative is succinylated chitosan.

[0039] In step S1, turmeric was replaced with sophora japonica flowers to prepare quercetin extract; In step S2, 100 mL of the quercetin extract prepared in step S1 was mixed with 2.7 g of FeCl3·6H2O and 1.0 g of terephthalic acid to make the molar ratio of iron ions to organic ligands 1:1; the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours; then 0.5 g of sodium alginate was added, and the mixture was transferred to a high-pressure reactor and reacted at 120 °C for 30 minutes. In step S3, the phthaloyl chitosan solution was replaced with succinylated chitosan solution, and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 with 0.1 mol / L acetate-sodium acetate buffer. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed for 5 minutes at 300 W and stirred at 300 rpm while maintaining the pH at 5.0. After reacting for 2 hours, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to prepare quercetin based on the composite carrier.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 The preparation method of Example 1 was followed, but the extraction process using a deep eutectic solvent was not used; the turmeric raw material was extracted with 500 mL of 80% ethanol under reflux for 2 hours. All other steps were the same.

[0041] Comparative Example 2 The preparation method of Example 1 is followed, but instead of using the polysaccharide-metal-organic framework composite carrier, chitosan nanoparticles are used as the carrier only. Step S2 is modified as follows: the curcumin deep eutectic solvent extract is extracted three times with ethyl acetate to recover curcumin and dried under reduced pressure to obtain a crude extract. The crude extract is dissolved in ethanol and then added to an acidic aqueous solution of 1% chitin (the undeacetylated portion of chitosan). The mixture is ultrasonically emulsified to form a primary emulsion. NaOH is added for titration to neutralize and precipitate chitosan colloidal particles, thus obtaining curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. The remaining steps are the same.

[0042] Comparative Example 3 The preparation method of Example 1 is followed, but the chitosan derivative outer membrane is not coated, and step S3 is omitted. All other steps are the same.

[0043] Comparative Example 4 The preparation method of Example 1 is followed, but without the addition of polysaccharides. All other steps are the same.

[0044] Experimental Example 1 The composite powder prepared in step S2 of Example 1 was subjected to infrared spectroscopy detection, with a scanning range of 4000–500 cm⁻¹. -1 4cm resolution -1 32 scans were performed; test results are as follows Figure 2 As shown, the characteristic peak of curcumin appears in the composite material, indicating that it is effectively encapsulated in the organometallic material, and that the components form a stable composite structure through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds.

[0045] Experiment Example 2 The composite carrier-based active ingredients of medicinal and edible plants prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to in vitro release experiments. (1) Model building Simulated gastric juice: A hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 1.2 containing 0.32% (w / v) pepsin (derived from porcine stomach). The specific preparation method is as follows: Dissolve 2.0 g of sodium chloride and 3.2 g of pepsin in 1000 mL of deionized water, and adjust the pH to 1.2 with HCl. Simulated intestinal fluid: phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 containing 1% (w / v) pancreatic enzyme (from porcine pancreas). The specific preparation method is as follows: dissolve 6.8 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in 1000 mL of deionized water, adjust the pH to 6.8 with NaOH, and then add 10 g of pancreatic enzyme.

[0046] Experimental conditions: All release experiments were conducted in a 37°C constant temperature water bath with a stirring speed of 100 rpm to simulate gastrointestinal motility. Samples were placed in dialysis bags with a molecular cutoff of 12–14 kDa.

[0047] (2) Experimental grouping Seven experimental groups were set up, with six parallel samples prepared in each group. Gastric and intestinal fluid release experiments were conducted on every three samples. The first group contained the final product prepared in Example 1, the second group in Example 2, the third group in Example 3, the fourth group in Comparative Example 1, the fifth group in Comparative Example 2, the sixth group in Comparative Example 3, and the seventh group in Comparative Example 4. The drug loading (active ingredient content) of each final product was then determined to standardize the release rate calculation. Drug loading determination method: 10 mg of the final product was completely dissolved in methanol, and the concentration of the active ingredient was measured by HPLC. (3) Experimental steps Drug loading determination: Take 10 mg of each final product sample, dissolve it in 10 mL of an appropriate solvent (methanol for curcumin, ethanol for resveratrol, and DMSO for quercetin), vortex mix, and sonicate for 10 minutes to ensure complete dissolution; Release experiment: The final product equivalent to 10 mg of active ingredient was placed in a dialysis bag, which was then immersed in 500 mL of gastric fluid. The mixture was stirred at 37 °C and 100 rpm. At predetermined time points, 2 mL of release medium was sampled from gastric fluid at 0.5 h, 1 h, and 2 h to measure the concentration; 2 mL of release medium was sampled from intestinal fluid at 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, and 3 h. An equal volume of fresh medium was added to maintain a constant volume. The samples were filtered through a 0.22 μm filter membrane, and the concentration of the active ingredient was measured by HPLC.

[0048] Release rate calculation: Cumulative release rate (%) = (Cumulative release amount / Total drug load) × 100% (Cumulative release amount is calculated by multiplying the concentration at each time point by the volume and summing the results) (4) Data Analysis: The specific test comparison results are shown in Table 2. Figure 3 As shown: Table 2. Comparison of overall performance between Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4

[0049] The comparison results above show that, in Comparative Example 1, the extraction process without deep eutectic solvents resulted in a slightly higher release rate in gastric juice than in Example 1. This is because the extraction efficiency of ethanol is lower than that of deep eutectic solvents, leading to the final release rate calculation based on a lower drug loading. In Comparative Example 2, the polysaccharide-metal-organic framework composite carrier was not used; instead, chitosan nanoparticles were used as the carrier, resulting in a significant increase in the release rate in gastric juice. This is because pure polymer carriers without metal-organic framework porous carriers are difficult to accommodate sufficient drug and are prone to excessively rapid release. In Comparative Example 3, the absence of a chitosan derivative outer membrane resulted in a slightly higher release rate in gastric juice. This is because the outer membrane provides an additional diffusion barrier and protection, preventing attack by gastric acid and enzymes and preventing the rapid loss of active substances. However, in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, the release rate in intestinal juice was higher, better achieving on-demand drug delivery in the intestine. In Comparative Example 4, the absence of polysaccharides failed to effectively prevent the erosion of the metal-organic framework and active substances by gastric acid and enzymes, resulting in a significant increase in the release rate in gastric juice.

[0050] In summary, through the verification of the above embodiments and comparative experiments, the technical solution of deep eutectic solvent extraction + polysaccharide-metal-organic framework composite carrier + chitosan derivative outer membrane described in this invention can efficiently extract active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants and significantly improve their stability and oral bioavailability, demonstrating outstanding innovation and practical value.

Claims

1. A method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The medicinal and edible plant material is pulverized into powder, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and mixed with a deep eutectic solvent at a certain solid-liquid ratio; the deep eutectic solvent is composed of choline chloride: glycerol: water mixed in a molar ratio of 1:2:1; the mixture is stirred at 50°C and 200 rpm for 2 hours, and centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 15 minutes, and the supernatant is collected to prepare the extract of the medicinal and edible plant material; the medicinal and edible plant material is selected from turmeric, Japanese knotweed, or sophora japonica flowers; S2: The extract of medicinal and edible plant components prepared in step S1 is mixed with a metal-organic framework material, wherein the metal-organic framework material is selected from γ-cyclodextrin-metal-organic framework, ZIF-8 or iron-terephthalic acid framework. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for 2 hours and centrifuged to collect the precipitate, which is then washed with an ethanol aqueous solution. The mixture is then added to a polysaccharide solution and reacted and stirred for 30 minutes. After centrifugation at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes, the supernatant is discarded, the product is collected and vacuum dried to obtain a composite powder. The polysaccharide is selected from soybean polysaccharide, pectin or sodium alginate. S3: The composite powder prepared in step S2 is mixed with the chitosan derivative solution in a certain solid-liquid ratio; the chitosan derivative is selected from phthalic acid chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan or succinylated chitosan, and the pH is adjusted to 5.0-6.5 with 0.1 mol / L acetate-sodium acetate buffer, dispersed for 5 minutes with ultrasonic power of 300W, and stirred at 300 rpm for 1 hour; the pH is maintained at 5.0-6.5 to allow the chitosan derivative to precipitate from the solution and deposit on the particle surface to form a film layer; after the reaction is completed, the mixture is centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 10 minutes, the final product is collected and washed, and finally vacuum dried to prepare the active ingredient of medicinal and edible plants based on the composite carrier.

2. The method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid ratio mentioned in step S1 is specifically the ratio of powder to deep eutectic solvent as 1g:10mL.

3. The method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-liquid ratio mentioned in step S3 is specifically a ratio of 1g to 100mL for the composite powder and the chitosan derivative solution.

4. The method for preparing active ingredients from medicinal and edible plants based on a composite carrier as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum drying described in step S3 is set with the following parameters: drying temperature -30℃ and drying time 24 hours.

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