Inter-satellite ordered release device based on gear transmission and release method thereof
The orderly release of satellites is achieved through a gear-driven locking structure, which solves the problem of attitude randomness and collision risk during the separation of stacked satellites, and achieves smooth payload separation and highly reliable release.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING WEINA STAR TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In multi-satellite launches, the separation method of stacked satellites has the problems of strong attitude randomness and easy collision damage to spacecraft. Existing release devices cannot guarantee the smooth separation of the payload.
The inter-satellite orderly release device adopts a gear-driven transmission, which achieves orderly separation of loads through a gear-driven locking structure. It utilizes the cooperation of multiple stacked columns and locking blocks to perform sequential release in a purely mechanical manner.
It achieves smooth load separation, reduces separation angular velocity, improves release reliability and load-bearing capacity, and features a simple and compact structure that reduces overall weight.
Smart Images
Figure CN121376224B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, specifically to an inter-satellite orderly release device and its release method based on gear transmission. Background Technology
[0002] "Multiple satellites launched by a single rocket" refers to launching two or more satellites into their designated orbits using a single launch vehicle. Compared to the traditional one-satellite-one-rocket launch method, multiple satellite launches can fully utilize the rocket's carrying capacity, significantly shorten the constellation formation time, improve launch efficiency, and thus fully leverage the constellation's functionality.
[0003] In multi-satellite launches, the technology for securing and separating multiple satellites is the first key technology that needs to be solved. Currently, there are two layout types for multi-satellite launches: wall-mounted with a central support tube and stacked. In the stacked layout, satellites are directly connected and stacked axially. Compared to the wall-mounted layout, this saves the mass and volume of the central support tube, resulting in higher launch efficiency and making it more suitable for the rapid networking of large numbers of satellites. However, current large constellation launches use a method where the satellite is "thrown off" by the rocket's orbital maneuver after unlocking the stacking and securing device. This method relies on the rocket's orbital maneuver to separate the satellite, but the satellite's attitude after separation is highly unpredictable, posing a risk of collision and potential damage to the spacecraft. This is not conducive to the stacked release of multiple satellites in a single launch. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to solve one or more technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an inter-satellite orderly release device and its release method based on gear transmission, which achieves smooth separation of load through sequential release.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: The present invention provides an inter-satellite orderly release device based on gear transmission, including multiple stacked columns, which are arranged in sequence. Each stacked column is provided with a locking block. Except for the top stacked column, the other stacked columns are provided with a gear transmission locking structure. Except for the top stacked column, the other stacked columns can be locked and engaged with the locking block in the adjacent stacked column above through the gear transmission locking structure. The gear-driven locking structure includes a first locking pawl, a second locking pawl, a linkage gear, a transmission rack, a guide rod, and a spring. The linkage gear is rotatably connected inside the stacking column. The transmission rack extends along the stacking direction of the multiple stacking columns and is fixed inside the stacking column and meshes with the linkage gear. The first locking pawl and the second locking pawl both mesh with the linkage gear through the meshing rack and can close or open relative to each other to lock or release the locking block. The lower end of the guide rod is connected to the upper end of the transmission rack. The guide rod slides through the internal structure of the stacking column and can abut against the locking block in the adjacent stacking column above. A spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the upper end of the guide rod and the stacking column through which the guide rod passes.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention is based on a gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device, which has strong load-bearing capacity, high reliability, and a simple and compact structure, resulting in a significant reduction in overall weight, making it more suitable for the aerospace field. This invention uses a purely mechanical method to achieve sequential release of loads from top to bottom, ensuring high reliability. Furthermore, the mutual guiding effect between the stacked pillars results in a very low separation angular velocity during separation.
[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.
[0008] Furthermore, both the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl have an L-shaped structure. The first locking pawl includes a first meshing rack and a first locking arm. The second locking pawl includes a second meshing rack and a second locking arm. One end of the first meshing rack is vertically and fixedly connected to one end of the first locking arm. One end of the second meshing rack is vertically and fixedly connected to one end of the second locking arm. The first meshing rack and the second meshing rack respectively mesh on the upper and lower sides of the linkage gear and are arranged in parallel.
[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the structure is stable and reliable by setting two meshing racks to cooperate with the linkage gear.
[0010] Furthermore, the first locking pawl also includes a first guide plate, and the second locking pawl also includes a second guide plate. One end of the first guide plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the first locking arm, and one end of the second guide plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the second locking arm. The first guide plate is arranged parallel to and opposite to the first meshing rack, and the second guide plate is arranged parallel to and opposite to the second meshing rack. The first guide plate slides on the side of the second meshing rack opposite to the linkage gear, and the second guide plate slides on the side of the first meshing rack opposite to the linkage gear.
[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting the first guide plate and the second guide plate, the movement of the meshing rack is more stable.
[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the first locking arm extends toward the direction of the second locking arm to form a first locking protrusion, and the upper end of the second locking arm extends toward the direction of the first locking arm to form a second locking protrusion. The first locking protrusion and the second locking protrusion can be engaged with the upper side of the locking block.
[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting the locking protrusion, a stable locking engagement with the locking block can be achieved.
[0014] Furthermore, the upper side of the locking block has an inverted V-shaped structure, and the locking surfaces of the first locking protrusion and the second locking protrusion are respectively inclined surfaces adapted to the inverted V-shaped structure.
[0015] The advantage of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the upper side of the locking block with the inverted V-shaped structure is easier to unlock and separate.
[0016] Furthermore, the first locking claw is provided with an elongated first guide hole, and the second locking claw is provided with an elongated second guide hole. Both the first guide hole and the second guide hole extend along the opening and closing direction of the first locking claw and the second locking claw. The stacking column is provided with a first guide shaft and a second guide shaft arranged in parallel. The first guide shaft passes vertically through the first guide hole and can move relative to the first guide hole. The second guide shaft passes vertically through the second guide hole and can move relative to the second guide hole.
[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that by setting the first guide hole and the second guide hole, and cooperating with the first guide shaft and the second guide shaft, the opening and closing of the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl can be guided.
[0018] Furthermore, the first guide shaft is provided with a first pad for positioning the first locking pawl, and the second guide shaft is provided with a second pad for positioning the second locking pawl.
[0019] Furthermore, a positioning block is fixed to the inner side of the stacked column, the guide rod slides through the positioning block, and the lower end of the spring abuts against the positioning block.
[0020] Furthermore, the meshing rack is arranged perpendicular to the transmission rack, and the guide rod extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of stacked pillars.
[0021] The present invention also provides a release method for an inter-satellite orderly release device based on gear transmission as described above, comprising the following steps: the top stacked column is initially pressed by the star-rocket pressing and release mechanism; after the star-rocket pressing and release mechanism is unlocked and released, the locking block of the top stacked column is driven by the spring thrust on the adjacent stacked column below to drive the transmission rack to move in the opposite direction to the stacking direction, thereby driving the linkage gear to rotate; the linkage gear drives the meshing rack on the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl to move, thereby causing the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl to move towards each other, releasing the locking of the locked block, and separating the top stacked column; at this time, the remaining stacked columns are still in the pressed state; after the top stacked column is separated by the spring action on the adjacent stacked column below, the adjacent stacked column below is separated by the spring action on the third stacked column, thereby causing multiple stacked columns to separate sequentially.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on a gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device, the release method of this invention addresses the problem of excessively high separation angular velocities by ensuring that a portion of the upper and lower layers of the stacked columns are tightly bonded together, forming a guiding effect. Furthermore, the entire mechanism is driven by mechanical mechanisms, resulting in high overall reliability. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal main structure of the gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first locking claw of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the second locking claw of the present invention.
[0024] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Top stacking pillar; 11. Second stacking pillar; 12. Third stacking pillar; 13. Locking block; 14. Positioning block; 15. First guide shaft; 16. Second guide shaft; 17. First pad block; 18. Second pad block; 2. First locking pawl; 21. First meshing rack; 22. First locking arm; 23. First guide plate; 24. First locking protrusion; 25. First guide hole; 3. Second locking pawl; 31. Second meshing rack; 32. Second locking arm; 33. Second guide plate; 34. Second locking protrusion; 35. Second guide hole; 4. Linkage gear; 41. Transmission rack; 42. Guide rod; 43. Spring; 44. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
[0026] Example 1 like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment of an inter-satellite orderly release device based on gear transmission includes multiple stacked columns, which are arranged in sequence. Each stacked column is provided with a locking block 13. Except for the top stacked column 1, the other stacked columns are provided with a gear transmission locking structure. The other stacked columns except for the top stacked column 1 can be locked and engaged with the locking block 13 in the adjacent stacked column above through the gear transmission locking structure. The gear-driven locking structure includes a first locking claw 2, a second locking claw 3, a linkage gear 4, a transmission rack 41, a guide rod 42, and a spring 43. The linkage gear 4 is rotatably connected inside the stacking column. The transmission rack 41 extends along the stacking direction of the multiple stacking columns and is fixed inside the stacking column and meshes with the linkage gear 4. The first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3 are both meshed with the linkage gear 4 through the meshing rack and can close or open relative to each other to lock or release the locking block 13. The lower end of the guide rod 42 is connected to the upper end of the transmission rack 41. The guide rod 42 slides through the internal structure of the stacking column and can abut against the locking block 13 in the adjacent stacking column above. A spring 43 is sleeved on the guide rod 42, and the two ends of the spring 43 are respectively connected to the upper end of the guide rod 42 and the stacking column through which the guide rod 42 passes.
[0027] like Figures 1-3 As shown, in a specific embodiment, a positioning block 14 is fixed to the inner side of the stacked column, the guide rod 42 slides through the positioning block 14, and the lower end of the spring 43 abuts against the positioning block 14.
[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the meshing rack and the transmission rack 41 are arranged perpendicularly, and the guide rod 42 extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of stacked columns.
[0029] In this embodiment, Figure 1Taking the orientation of the inter-satellite orderly release device as a reference, there are three stacked pillars, from top to bottom: top stacked pillar 1, second stacked pillar 11, and third stacked pillar 12. Each stacked pillar is connected to a payload or satellite, and the payloads or satellites are also stacked in the same manner as the multiple stacked pillars, but they are not connected to each other. The stacking of payloads or satellites is locked by the connection between the connected stacked pillars. The second stacked pillar 11 and the third stacked pillar 12 are both equipped with gear-driven locking structures. The first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3 both extend from the top of their respective stacked pillars and can reach into the adjacent stack above. Inside the column, it is used to lock and engage with the locking block 13 in the adjacent stacked column above; and the guide rod 42 and spring 43 in the second stacked column 11 and the third stacked column 12 both extend from the top of the stacked column. The upper end of the guide rod 42 is also fixed with a horizontally arranged connecting plate 44, and the upper end of the spring 43 abuts against the connecting plate 44. The connecting plate 44 is used to abut against the locking block 13. The guide rod 42 slides through the positioning block 14 and can slide along the positioning block 14. When the inter-satellite orderly release device is in the stacked state, the spring 43 is in the compressed state and stores energy to subsequently bounce away the locking block 13 that abuts above.
[0030] This embodiment is based on a gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device, which is used for the stacking arrangement of various satellites on the rocket. That is, each stacking column connects to one satellite, and multiple satellites are stacked according to the stacking direction of the stacking columns.
[0031] This embodiment is based on a gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device, which has strong load-bearing capacity, high reliability, and a simple and compact structure, resulting in a significant reduction in overall weight, making it more suitable for the aerospace field. This invention uses a purely mechanical method to achieve sequential release of loads from top to bottom, ensuring high reliability. Furthermore, the stacked pillars guide each other, resulting in a very low separation angular velocity during separation.
[0032] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a preferred structure for the first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3. For example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, both the first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3 have an L-shaped structure. The first locking claw 2 includes a first meshing rack 21 and a first locking arm 22, and the second locking claw 3 includes a second meshing rack 31 and a second locking arm 32. One end of the first meshing rack 21 is perpendicularly and fixedly connected to one end of the first locking arm 22, and one end of the second meshing rack 31 is perpendicularly and fixedly connected to one end of the second locking arm 32. The first meshing rack 21 and the second meshing rack 31 respectively mesh on the upper and lower sides of the linkage gear 4 and are arranged in parallel. By setting two meshing racks to cooperate with the linkage gear, the structure is stable and reliable.
[0033] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the first locking pawl 2 further includes a first guide plate 23, and the second locking pawl 3 further includes a second guide plate 33. One end of the first guide plate 23 is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the first locking arm 22, and one end of the second guide plate 33 is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the second locking arm 32. The first guide plate 23 and the first meshing rack 21 are arranged parallel to each other, and the second guide plate 33 and the second meshing rack 31 are arranged parallel to each other. The first guide plate 23 slides on the side of the second meshing rack 31 facing away from the linkage gear 4, and the second guide plate 33 slides on the side of the first meshing rack 21 facing away from the linkage gear 4. By setting the first guide plate and the second guide plate, the movement of the meshing rack is made more stable.
[0034] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the first locking arm 22 extends towards the second locking arm 32 to form a first locking protrusion 24, and the upper end of the second locking arm 32 extends towards the first locking arm 22 to form a second locking protrusion 34. The first locking protrusion 24 and the second locking protrusion 34 can be engaged with the upper side of the locking block 13. By providing the locking protrusions, a stable locking engagement with the locking block can be achieved.
[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the upper side of the locking block 13 has an inverted V-shaped structure, and the locking surfaces of the first locking protrusion 24 and the second locking protrusion 34 are respectively inclined surfaces adapted to the inverted V-shaped structure. The upper side of the locking block with an inverted V-shaped structure is easier to unlock and separate.
[0036] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the first locking claw 2 has an elongated first guide hole 25, and the second locking claw 3 has an elongated second guide hole 35. Both the first guide hole 25 and the second guide hole 35 extend along the opening and closing direction of the first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3. The stacking column contains a first guide shaft 15 and a second guide shaft 16 arranged in parallel. The first guide shaft 15 passes vertically through the first guide hole 25 and is movable relative to it. The second guide shaft 16 passes vertically through the second guide hole 35 and is movable relative to it. By providing the first guide hole and the second guide hole, and in conjunction with the first guide shaft and the second guide shaft, guidance can be provided for the opening and closing of the first locking claw and the second locking claw. The first guide hole 25 and the second guide hole 35 are preferably located at the lower end of the first locking arm 22 and the lower end of the second locking arm 32.
[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first guide shaft 15 is provided with a first pad 17 for positioning the first locking claw 2, and the second guide shaft 16 is provided with a second pad 18 for positioning the second locking claw 3.
[0038] Because the first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3 are pressed against the gear-driven locking structure at a small angle on an inclined plane, they can be separated more easily. Unlocking does not rely entirely on the spring force, thus increasing the overall reliability of the mechanism. This method also results in compact and simple parts, significantly reducing the overall weight and making it more suitable for the aerospace industry.
[0039] Example 3 This embodiment provides a release method for an inter-satellite orderly release device based on gear transmission as described above, including the following steps: The top stacking column 1 is initially pressed by the star-rocket pressing and release mechanism. After the star-rocket pressing and release mechanism is unlocked and released, the locking block 13 of the top stacking column 1 drives the transmission rack 41 to move in the opposite direction to the stacking direction under the push of the spring 43 on the adjacent stacking column below, thereby driving the linkage gear 4 to rotate. The linkage gear 4 drives the meshing rack on the first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3 to move, thereby causing the first locking claw 2 and the second locking claw 3 to move towards each other, releasing the lock on the locked block 13, and separating the top stacking column 1. At this time, the remaining stacking columns are still in the pressed state. After the top stacking column 1 is separated under the action of the spring 43 on the adjacent stacking column below, the adjacent stacking column below is separated under the action of the spring 43 on the third stacking column, thereby causing multiple stacking columns to separate sequentially.
[0040] This embodiment is based on the release method of the gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device. First, the load or satellite body is pressed under the pressure of the satellite-rocket separation mechanism, so that the load or satellite body is in a pressed state on the rocket. At this time, the spring is in a compressed state. Since the first locking claw and the second locking claw each have a meshing rack corresponding to the linkage gear, the two locking claws are in a state of close proximity under the drive of the transmission rack. The first guide shaft and the second guide shaft pass through the stacking column, the first locking claw and the second locking claw, so that the first locking claw and the second locking claw can only move left and right and cannot move up and down. At this time, since the first locking claw and the second locking claw fasten the locking block in the adjacent stacking column above, the entire system is in a pressed state. After being released by the star-launch clamping release device, the top stacked column, under the thrust of the spring, drives the transmission rack to move upward, thereby driving the linkage gear to rotate. This further drives the rack structure in the first and second locking pawls to slide, causing the locking pawls to slide along both sides of the first and second guide shafts. This further separates the first and second locking pawls from the locking blocks inside the stacked column, thus separating the top stacked column. At this time, the third stacked column is still in a clamped state with the second stacked column. After the top stacked column separates under the action of the spring, the spring in the third stacked column releases, further separating the second and third stacked columns. This allows each stacked column and the connected payload or satellite to separate sequentially, so that the payload separates from top to bottom.
[0041] This embodiment is based on a release method using a gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device. Because a portion of the upper and lower layers of the stacked columns are tightly bonded together, forming a guiding effect, the separation angular velocity during separation is very small, thus solving the problem of excessive separation angular velocity. The locking blocks of the stacked columns are secured by the first and second locking claws, ensuring the entire stacked column remains in a stable state. The entire mechanism is driven by mechanical mechanisms, resulting in high overall reliability.
[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.
[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0046] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A gear-driven inter-satellite orderly release device, characterized in that, For stacking arrangements between satellites on a rocket, including multiple stacking pillars, the multiple stacking pillars are stacked sequentially, each stacking pillar is provided with a locking block, and the other stacking pillars except the top stacking pillar are provided with a gear-driven locking structure, and the other stacking pillars except the top stacking pillar can be locked and engaged with the locking block in the adjacent stacking pillar above through the gear-driven locking structure. The gear-driven locking structure includes a first locking pawl, a second locking pawl, a linkage gear, a transmission rack, a guide rod, and a spring. The linkage gear is rotatably connected inside the stacking column. The transmission rack extends along the stacking direction of the multiple stacking columns and meshes with the linkage gear. The first locking pawl and the second locking pawl both mesh with the linkage gear through the meshing rack and can close or open relative to each other to lock or release the locking block. The lower end of the guide rod is connected to the upper end of the transmission rack. The guide rod slides through the internal structure of the stacking column and can abut against the locking block in the adjacent stacking column above. A spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the upper end of the guide rod and the stacking column through which the guide rod passes. A positioning block is fixed to the inner side of the stacked column, the guide rod slides through the positioning block, and the lower end of the spring abuts against the positioning block. The meshing rack is arranged perpendicular to the transmission rack, and the guide rod extends along the stacking direction of the plurality of stacked columns; Both the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl have an L-shaped structure. The first locking pawl includes a first meshing rack and a first locking arm. The second locking pawl includes a second meshing rack and a second locking arm. One end of the first meshing rack is perpendicularly and fixedly connected to one end of the first locking arm. One end of the second meshing rack is perpendicularly and fixedly connected to one end of the second locking arm. The first meshing rack and the second meshing rack mesh on the upper and lower sides of the linkage gear respectively and are arranged in parallel. The first locking pawl further includes a first guide plate, and the second locking pawl further includes a second guide plate. One end of the first guide plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the first locking arm, and one end of the second guide plate is vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the second locking arm. The first guide plate is arranged parallel to and opposite to the first meshing rack, and the second guide plate is arranged parallel to and opposite to the second meshing rack. The first guide plate slides on the side of the second meshing rack opposite to the linkage gear, and the second guide plate slides on the side of the first meshing rack opposite to the linkage gear. The upper end of the first locking arm extends toward the direction of the second locking arm to form a first locking protrusion, and the upper end of the second locking arm extends toward the direction of the first locking arm to form a second locking protrusion. The first locking protrusion and the second locking protrusion can be engaged with the upper side of the locking block. The upper side of the locking block has an inverted V-shaped structure, and the locking surfaces of the first locking protrusion and the second locking protrusion are respectively inclined surfaces adapted to the inverted V-shaped structure. The first locking claw is provided with an elongated first guide hole, and the second locking claw is provided with an elongated second guide hole. Both the first guide hole and the second guide hole extend along the opening and closing direction of the first locking claw and the second locking claw. The stacking column is provided with a first guide shaft and a second guide shaft arranged in parallel. The first guide shaft passes vertically through the first guide hole and can move relative to the first guide hole. The second guide shaft passes vertically through the second guide hole and can move relative to the second guide hole. The first guide shaft is provided with a first pad for positioning the first locking pawl, and the second guide shaft is provided with a second pad for positioning the second locking pawl; The top stacked column is initially pressed by the star-arrow pressing and releasing mechanism. After the star-arrow pressing and releasing mechanism is unlocked and released, the locking block of the top stacked column is driven by the spring thrust of the adjacent stacked column below, which drives the transmission rack to move in the opposite direction to the stacking direction. This drives the linkage gear to rotate, and the linkage gear drives the meshing rack on the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl to move, thereby causing the first locking pawl and the second locking pawl to move towards each other, releasing the lock on the locked block and separating the top stacked column. At this time, the remaining stacked columns are still in the pressed state. After the top stacked column separates under the action of a spring on the adjacent stacked column below, the adjacent stacked column below separates under the action of a spring on the third stacked column, thus causing multiple stacked columns to separate sequentially.