Integrated molten iron ladle cooperative treatment system and method of scrap steel adding and off-furnace desulfurization

Abstract

The application discloses a molten iron tank cooperative treatment system and method integrating scrap steel adding and off-furnace desulfurization, and belongs to the field of metallurgical process and equipment control technology, and comprises the following: an intelligent cooperative control module, which is used for receiving temperature, sulfur content and scrap steel characteristic data of a multi-parameter sensing module, synchronously determining the adding rhythm of scrap steel and the injection parameters of a desulfurizer based on a cooperative control strategy, and enabling the scrap steel adding and the desulfurizer injection to be performed in an alternating mode; a graded scrap steel treatment module, which comprises a screening assembly, a gradient preheating bin and a self-adaptive conveying mechanism; a precise desulfurization device, which comprises a metering conveying mechanism and an injection device; and a multi-parameter sensing module, which is used for acquiring molten iron temperature and sulfur content and acquiring scrap steel particle size / stacking density and molten iron tank position information. The application realizes the cooperative control of scrap steel adding and off-furnace desulfurization in the same molten iron tank, forms an adding and injection alternating operation mode, avoids the secondary transfer and heat loss caused by the traditional separation process, and significantly improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metallurgical process and equipment control technology, and in particular relates to a system and method for the coordinated treatment of molten iron ladle by integrating scrap steel addition and external desulfurization. Background Technology

[0002] In steelmaking, hot metal desulfurization and scrap steel addition are two crucial off-furnace treatment processes. Traditional processes typically separate scrap steel addition and hot metal desulfurization into two independent stages: first, scrap steel is added and mixed in a ladle or mixing furnace, then the molten iron is transferred to a dedicated desulfurization unit for injection desulfurization. While this process is mature, it suffers from significant energy consumption and efficiency issues. Due to the separation of the two processes, the molten iron experiences substantial heat loss during transfer and residence, with temperature drops typically exceeding 50°C. Simultaneously, the temperature drop during scrap steel addition affects the kinetics of the subsequent desulfurization reaction, reducing the utilization rate of the desulfurizing agent and prolonging the desulfurization time.

[0003] Furthermore, existing technologies lack effective parameter linkage between the amount of scrap steel added and the amount of desulfurizing agent. The sulfur content, particle size, and temperature drop brought in by the scrap steel itself are not corrected in real time during desulfurization calculations, resulting in deviations in the amount of desulfurizing agent added. This can easily lead to problems such as unstable sulfur content control, insufficient desulfurization, or excessive injection. Existing hot metal desulfurization control systems are mostly unidirectional, unable to achieve coordinated responses to scrap steel characteristics, temperature changes, and sulfur balance, resulting in system control lag, high energy consumption, and low automation.

[0004] Meanwhile, the preheating and addition process of scrap steel generally lacks hierarchical management. The preheating temperature and addition rate cannot be dynamically matched according to the scrap steel particle size, which can easily lead to local overcooling or insufficient preheating. The dust generated during the desulfurization process is mostly emitted through a single dust removal device, failing to achieve resource recovery.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve coordinated control of scrap steel addition and desulfurization outside the furnace in the molten iron ladle, and take into account temperature, sulfur content and energy consumption factors in the same system to achieve automated, intelligent and integrated comprehensive processing has become a technical problem that the metallurgical industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a molten iron ladle co-processing system and method that integrates scrap steel addition and external desulfurization, in order to solve the technical problems of large temperature drop, high energy consumption, control lag and low desulfurization efficiency caused by the existing molten iron desulfurization and scrap steel addition separation operations mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A molten iron ladle co-processing system integrating scrap steel addition and external desulfurization includes: The intelligent collaborative control module is used to receive temperature, sulfur content and scrap steel characteristic data from the multi-parameter sensing module, and synchronously determine the scrap steel addition rhythm and desulfurizing agent injection parameters based on the collaborative control strategy, and make scrap steel addition and desulfurization injection alternate. The graded scrap steel processing module includes a screening component for grading scrap steel according to particle size, a gradient preheating chamber for preheating scrap steel of different particle sizes, and an adaptive conveying mechanism for quantitatively adding preheated scrap steel into a molten iron ladle. A precision desulfurization device includes a metering and conveying mechanism and a jetting device, wherein the jetting device is used to deliver the desulfurizing agent into the molten iron and mix it with the molten iron. The multi-parameter sensing module is used to obtain the temperature and sulfur content of molten iron, as well as the scrap steel particle size / bulk density and the location information of the molten iron ladle; The intelligent collaborative control module is configured to: calculate the amount of desulfurizing agent added and the injection intensity based on the amount of sulfur brought in by scrap steel and the temperature of molten iron; coordinate the alternating operation of the adaptive conveying mechanism and the injection device; and terminate the corresponding operation when the target sulfur content or the cumulative addition of scrap steel reaches the standard.

[0008] Preferably, the gradient preheating chamber includes multiple independent temperature-controlled preheating zones corresponding to coarse, medium, and fine materials, respectively. Each independent temperature-controlled preheating zone has a different target temperature range, which is used to achieve differentiated preheating of scrap steel of different particle sizes during use.

[0009] Preferably, the adaptive conveying mechanism is a magnetically controlled belt, the surface of which is provided with an electromagnetic adsorption unit for adjusting the adsorption force on scrap steel of different particle sizes, and an online weight detector for closed-loop control of the amount added is provided at the end of the belt.

[0010] Preferably, the precision desulfurization device includes: a preparation chamber for premixed CaO-Mg based composite desulfurizing agent, a twin-screw metering conveyor and an ultrasonic spray gun, and also includes a bottom-blowing inert gas device and a mechanical stirring device.

[0011] Preferably, the multi-parameter sensing module includes: an insertion thermocouple for temperature measurement, a laser-induced spectrometer for online detection of sulfur content, a three-dimensional scanning device for obtaining scrap steel particle size and bulk density, and a ladle positioning radar.

[0012] Preferably, the intelligent collaborative control module includes: The sulfur content prediction submodule is used to calculate the desulfurizer dosage based on the initial sulfur content of molten iron, target sulfur content, effective desulfurization rate of the desulfurizer, and synergistic correction coefficient; and The scrap steel desulfurization co-processing submodule is used to reduce the scrap steel addition rate and increase the injection intensity when the molten iron temperature is detected to be lower than a preset threshold.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes an environmentally friendly recycling component, which includes a dust collection hood, a bag filter, and a dust regeneration device for pressing desulfurization dust into sulfur-containing pellets for reuse.

[0014] A method for co-processing molten iron using integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization in a ladle includes: S1, activate the multi-parameter sensing module to obtain information on the initial sulfur content of molten iron, the initial temperature of molten iron, the particle size of scrap steel, the bulk density of scrap steel, and the location of the ladle; S2, based on the collaborative control strategy, calculates the target scrap steel addition amount, scrap steel addition rhythm, desulfurizer dosage and injection parameters; S3, according to the calculation results, add the preheated scrap steel to the molten iron ladle in batches; S4, after the first batch of scrap steel is added, start the desulfurizing agent injection and alternate with the addition of scrap steel; S5 maintains the target temperature window and monitors the sulfur content in real time during the process. When the target sulfur content is met, the injection is stopped. When the cumulative addition of scrap steel reaches the standard, the feeding is stopped. S6, after which the smoke and dust are collected and recycled.

[0015] Preferably, in S3, the amount added in each batch is 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the total amount added, the batch interval is 30 to 60 seconds, and the temperature of the molten iron is controlled at 1300 to 1400℃ during the process. When the sulfur content detected online is not higher than the target sulfur content, the blowing is stopped.

[0016] Preferably, in S4, the blowing process uses a supersonic spray gun at a 30°–45° angle relative to the tank wall, and the spray gun is lifted and reset by 50–100 mm every 3–5 minutes of blowing; when the sulfur content of the scrap steel is detected to be higher than the threshold, the amount of desulfurizing agent is automatically increased and the stirring time is extended.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention achieves coordinated control of scrap steel addition and external desulfurization within the same molten iron ladle, forming an alternating operation mode of addition and injection. This effectively avoids secondary transfer and heat loss caused by traditional separation processes, keeping the molten iron temperature drop below 30°C, reducing the overall energy consumption per ton of iron by 8% to 12%, and significantly improving thermal energy utilization efficiency.

[0018] The intelligent collaborative control module of this invention integrates a dynamic collaborative algorithm, which can receive multi-parameter signals such as molten iron temperature, sulfur content and scrap steel characteristics in real time. Based on sulfur content prediction and scrap steel-desulfurization collaborative logic, it automatically adjusts the scrap steel addition rate and injection intensity to achieve precise control of desulfurizing agent dosage, ensure stable sulfur content compliance and shorten the treatment cycle.

[0019] This invention sets up a graded scrap steel processing module, which divides scrap steel into three grades according to particle size and preheats them differently in a gradient preheating chamber. This can compensate for the temperature drop during the desulfurization process and improve the mixing uniformity, thereby increasing the heat recovery rate and melting efficiency of scrap steel. The scrap steel ratio can be increased to more than 25%.

[0020] The multi-parameter sensing module of this invention integrates a laser-induced spectrometer, an insertion thermocouple, a three-dimensional scanning device, and a ladle positioning radar. It can collect temperature, sulfur content, particle size, bulk density, and ladle position data in real time, providing accurate feedback for the control algorithm and realizing full-process visual monitoring and automatic correction.

[0021] This invention, by setting up environmentally friendly recycling components, including a dust collection hood, a bag filter, and a dust regeneration device, can recover and compress the dust generated during the desulfurization process into sulfur-containing pellets for reuse. The dust recovery rate reaches over 90%, reducing secondary pollution and achieving resource recycling, thus taking into account both energy conservation and environmental protection benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of system modules in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown: First preferred embodiment: This embodiment provides an integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization hot iron ladle co-processing system, including an intelligent co-control module, a graded scrap steel processing module, a precision desulfurization device, a multi-parameter sensing module, and an environmentally friendly recycling component.

[0025] The intelligent collaborative control module is based on an industrial PLC and integrates a dynamic collaborative algorithm module. It receives real-time signals from the multi-parameter sensing module and outputs control commands to the graded scrap steel processing module and the precision desulfurization device, enabling scrap steel addition and desulfurization injection to be carried out alternately in the same molten iron ladle according to a collaborative strategy.

[0026] The intelligent collaborative control module also includes a display screen and an alarm device, used to display the molten iron temperature, sulfur content, scrap steel addition amount, desulfurizing agent injection rate, and system operating status in real time, and to issue an alarm when parameters exceed limits. The display screen provides a human-machine interface for setting target sulfur content, temperature thresholds, and other control parameters, achieving a combination of manual intervention and automatic control.

[0027] The intelligent collaborative control module performs real-time calculations and linkage control based on parameters such as molten iron temperature, sulfur content, and sulfur introduced by scrap steel. This solves the problems of high energy consumption, large temperature drop, and low efficiency caused by traditional separation processes, enabling the sulfur content of molten iron to be stably controlled below 0.015%, the scrap steel ratio to be increased to over 25%, and the overall energy consumption per ton of iron to be reduced by 8% to 12%.

[0028] The graded scrap steel processing module includes a scrap steel screening assembly, a gradient preheating chamber, and an adaptive conveying mechanism.

[0029] The scrap steel screening assembly classifies scrap steel into three grades according to particle size: coarse (100-300 mm), medium (50-100 mm), and fine (less than 50 mm).

[0030] The gradient preheating chamber is equipped with three heating zones of 300℃, 500℃ and 700℃ for the three grades of scrap steel, which are used to achieve differentiated preheating of scrap steel of different particle sizes and compensate for the temperature drop that may occur during the desulfurization process.

[0031] The adaptive conveying mechanism uses a magnetically controlled belt to achieve quantitative conveying of scrap steel of different particle sizes. The surface of the magnetically controlled belt is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption unit to adjust the adsorption force. An online weight detector is installed at the end of the belt to realize closed-loop control of the addition amount, thereby providing controllable means for particle size, temperature and feeding rhythm for collaborative control.

[0032] The precision desulfurization device includes a metering and conveying mechanism and a spraying device. The metering and conveying mechanism delivers the desulfurizing agent to the spraying device at a set rate. The spraying device then introduces the desulfurizing agent into the molten iron and mixes it with the molten iron. Preferably, the precision desulfurization device also includes a preparation chamber for premixing a CaO-Mg-based composite desulfurizing agent. The metering and conveying mechanism is a twin-screw metering conveyor, the spraying device is a supersonic spray gun, and it also includes a bottom-blowing inert gas device and a mechanical stirring device to form a combined gas stirring and mechanical stirring method, improving desulfurization efficiency and molten iron temperature uniformity. The desulfurizing agent preparation chamber can premix a CaO-Mg-based composite desulfurizing agent, wherein the mass percentage of CaO is 60%–70% and the mass percentage of Mg is 20%–30%.

[0033] The multi-parameter sensing module is used to acquire online information on molten iron temperature, sulfur content, scrap steel particle size and bulk density, and ladle location. The module includes an insertion thermocouple, a laser-induced spectrometer, a 3D scanning device, and a ladle positioning radar. The laser-induced spectrometer has a detection cycle of approximately 5 seconds and a detection accuracy of approximately ±0.001%; ​​the 3D scanning device provides particle size and bulk density data; and the ladle positioning radar ensures the alignment accuracy of the feeding and blowing positions, thus providing reliable detection data for coordinated control.

[0034] The environmentally friendly recycling components include a desulfurization dust collection hood, a bag filter, and a dust regeneration device. These components are used to capture and purify the dust-laden gas generated during the desulfurization process, and to compress the recovered desulfurization dust into sulfur-containing pellets for reuse. Under typical operating conditions, the collection hood achieves a capture efficiency of over 95%, the bag filter achieves an efficiency of 99.9%, and the outlet dust concentration does not exceed 10 mg / m³. 3 The recovered dust is pressed into sulfur-containing pellets with a diameter of about 50 to 80 mm for reuse, with a recycling rate of over 90%.

[0035] The working principle of this system is as follows: The intelligent collaborative control module uses a dynamic collaborative algorithm to synchronize and control the addition of scrap steel and desulfurization injection. The dynamic collaborative algorithm consists of two parts: sulfur content prediction logic and scrap steel desulfurization collaborative logic. The sulfur content prediction logic is used to calculate the theoretical dosage and injection intensity of the desulfurizing agent.

[0036] After the system starts, the control module calculates the theoretical dosage of the desulfurizing agent based on the initial sulfur content of the molten iron, the target sulfur content, the effective desulfurization rate of the desulfurizing agent, and the synergistic correction coefficient K. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] In the formula: m is the required mass of desulfurizing agent, S0 is the initial sulfur content of molten iron, and S t Let m represent the target sulfur content, m represent the mass of molten iron, η represent the effective desulfurization rate of the desulfurizing agent, K represent the synergistic correction coefficient, and k represent an empirical constant.

[0038] The calculation results are used to control the rotational speed of the twin-screw metering conveyor and the injection rate of the supersonic spray gun. The synergistic correction coefficient K is updated in real time based on the amount of sulfur introduced by the scrap steel and the temperature changes of the molten iron. When the system detects that the sulfur content of the scrap steel is too high or the temperature drop is too large, the system automatically increases the value of K to compensate for the insufficient consumption of desulfurizing agent.

[0039] The scrap steel desulfurization collaborative logic is used to achieve time alternation and parameter coordination between two types of operations. The system uses the real-time temperature of molten iron and a threshold temperature as judgment conditions. When the temperature is higher than the threshold, the control module allows continued scrap steel addition and maintains the injection intensity within the set range; when the temperature is lower than the threshold, the module automatically reduces the scrap steel addition rate and simultaneously increases the injection intensity or extends the stirring time to maintain the molten iron temperature and desulfurization efficiency. The algorithm reads the temperature and sulfur content signals from the multi-parameter sensing module at a fixed sampling period and performs one round of judgment and correction: when the sulfur content decrease rate is lower than the preset threshold, the desulfurizing agent flow rate is automatically increased; when the temperature decrease rate is too high, scrap steel addition is paused. The control module simultaneously records the particle size distribution, feeding time, injection pressure, and gas flow rate of each batch of scrap steel for subsequent statistics and optimization.

[0040] The output of the dynamic collaborative algorithm includes three control variables: scrap steel addition rate, desulfurizing agent injection rate, and bottom-blown inert gas flow rate. These three variables maintain a proportional constraint relationship during operation to achieve a synchronous balance between the desulfurization reaction rate and temperature drop. The control system corrects itself based on the deviation between the target sulfur content and the real-time detected value. When the deviation is large, the injection rate and bottom-blown gas flow rate are increased; when the deviation is small, the injection intensity is gradually reduced. Injection automatically stops when the detected sulfur content is not higher than the target value.

[0041] During operation, the system records data such as initial and final temperatures, sulfur content, scrap steel addition, and desulfurizing agent consumption, and updates the range of the synergistic correction coefficient K accordingly to ensure more stable control in subsequent ladle cycles. During tapping, the high-speed injection of molten iron into the ladle generates impact energy and flow shear force, creating a high-intensity turbulent field within the ladle. This turbulent field's forced stirring effect significantly increases the contact area between the molten iron and the desulfurizing agent, enhancing the mass transfer process. Simultaneously, it accelerates the heat transfer and melting kinetics of the scrap steel surface, ultimately improving the desulfurization reaction rate and scrap steel melting utilization efficiency from both reaction kinetics and heat transfer kinetics perspectives. In industrial application verification, operating the system according to the synergistic strategy, the single-ladle processing cycle can be controlled to approximately 40–60 minutes, shortening it compared to the 80–100 minutes of traditional separation processes. The molten iron temperature drop is controlled within 30°C, and the final sulfur content reaches or exceeds 0.015%, while improving the scrap steel ratio and dust resource utilization rate.

[0042] Second preferred embodiment: This embodiment provides a method for co-processing molten iron ladle by integrating scrap steel addition and external desulfurization. This method is applicable to the co-processing system described in the first preferred embodiment. By dynamically coordinating the processes of scrap steel addition and external desulfurization, the comprehensive optimization of molten iron temperature, sulfur content and desulfurization efficiency is achieved.

[0043] S1: Activate the multi-parameter sensing module to obtain initial sulfur content, initial temperature, scrap steel particle size, scrap steel bulk density, and ladle location information in the molten iron. The multi-parameter sensing module includes an insertion thermocouple, a laser-induced spectrometer, a 3D scanning device, and a ladle positioning radar. The laser-induced spectrometer detects the sulfur content in the molten iron in real time, the insertion thermocouple outputs temperature signals, the 3D scanning device provides scrap steel particle size and bulk density data, and the ladle positioning radar provides feedback on the ladle position. These signals are input to the intelligent collaborative control module, providing a real-time data foundation for subsequent calculations.

[0044] S2: Based on a collaborative control strategy, the target scrap steel addition amount, scrap steel addition rhythm, desulfurizing agent dosage, and injection parameters are calculated. The intelligent collaborative control module calculates the initial sulfur content S0 and the target sulfur content S... t The effective desulfurization rate η and the synergistic correction coefficient K of the desulfurizing agent are used to calculate the theoretical dosage of the desulfurizing agent. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0045] In the formula: m is the required mass of desulfurizing agent, S0 is the initial sulfur content of molten iron, and S t Let m represent the target sulfur content, m represent the mass of molten iron, η represent the effective desulfurization rate of the desulfurizing agent, K represent the synergistic correction coefficient, and k represent an empirical constant. Based on this calculation result, the system sets control parameters such as the rotational speed of the metering and conveying mechanism, the injection rate of the supersonic spray gun, and the flow rate of the bottom-blown inert gas.

[0046] S3: Add the preheated scrap steel to the molten iron ladle in batches according to the calculation results. The preheated scrap steel is added quantitatively by an adaptive conveying mechanism, with each batch preferably containing 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the total amount, and the batch interval being 30 to 60 seconds. The feeding quality is monitored in real time by an online weight detector to ensure that the cumulative addition amount is consistent with the set value. The batch addition method can reduce the instantaneous temperature drop and maintain the stability of the desulfurization reaction.

[0047] S4: After the first batch of scrap steel is added, desulfurizing agent injection is initiated, alternating with scrap steel addition. The desulfurizing agent is conveyed to the supersonic spray gun via a twin-screw metering conveyor, injected into the molten iron, and mixed with it. During the injection process, the spray gun is positioned at a 30°–45° angle relative to the ladle wall, and is raised and reset by 50–100 mm every 3–5 minutes. The system automatically judges temperature and sulfur content changes based on real-time detection signals: when the molten iron temperature is higher than the threshold, scrap steel addition continues; when the temperature is lower than the threshold, scrap steel addition is paused, and the injection intensity is increased or the stirring time is extended. When the sulfur content of the scrap steel itself is detected to be higher than the preset threshold, the system automatically increases the amount of desulfurizing agent and extends the stirring time.

[0048] S5: Maintain the target temperature window and monitor sulfur content in real time during processing. When the molten iron temperature is between 1300 and 1400℃, the system dynamically corrects itself based on the sulfur content change rate fed back by the laser-induced spectrometer and the temperature change rate detected by the thermocouple. When the sulfur content decrease rate is lower than the preset threshold, the desulfurizing agent flow rate is automatically increased; when the temperature decrease rate exceeds the set limit, the scrap steel addition rate is reduced or feeding is paused. When the sulfur content detected online is not higher than the target sulfur content, the blowing operation is automatically stopped; when the cumulative scrap steel addition reaches the target value, feeding is automatically stopped.

[0049] S6: After completion, dust collection and recycling are carried out. The dust generated during the desulfurization process is captured by a desulfurization dust collection hood, purified by a bag filter, and then sent to a dust regeneration unit to be pressed into sulfur-containing pellets for reuse. Under typical operating conditions, the collection efficiency of the hood can reach over 95%, the bag filter efficiency can reach 99.9%, and the dust regeneration and recycling rate is approximately 90%.

[0050] Throughout the process, the system records real-time operational data such as molten iron temperature, sulfur content, scrap steel addition amount, desulfurizing agent injection volume, and gas flow rate. After processing, it updates the range of the synergistic correction coefficient K based on statistical results, ensuring more stable operation in subsequent ladle cycles. Using this method, the single-ladle processing cycle can be controlled within 40–60 minutes, the molten iron temperature drop can be controlled within 30°C, and the final sulfur content can reach or exceed 0.015%. Compared with traditional separation processes, this method can reduce energy consumption by 8%–12% and increase processing efficiency by more than 30%.

[0051] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product, the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present invention are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium such as a solid-state drive (SSD).

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A molten iron ladle co-processing system integrating scrap steel addition and external desulfurization, characterized in that, include: The intelligent collaborative control module is used to receive temperature, sulfur content and scrap steel characteristic data from the multi-parameter sensing module, and synchronously determine the scrap steel addition rhythm and desulfurizing agent injection parameters based on the collaborative control strategy, and make scrap steel addition and desulfurization injection alternate. The graded scrap steel processing module includes a screening component for grading scrap steel according to particle size, a gradient preheating chamber for preheating scrap steel of different particle sizes, and an adaptive conveying mechanism for quantitatively adding preheated scrap steel into a molten iron ladle. A precision desulfurization device includes a metering and conveying mechanism and a jetting device, wherein the jetting device is used to deliver the desulfurizing agent into the molten iron and mix it with the molten iron. The multi-parameter sensing module is used to obtain the temperature and sulfur content of molten iron, as well as the scrap steel particle size / bulk density and the location information of the molten iron ladle; The intelligent collaborative control module is configured to: calculate the amount of desulfurizing agent added and the injection intensity based on the amount of sulfur brought in by scrap steel and the temperature of molten iron; coordinate the alternating action of the adaptive conveying mechanism and the injection device; and terminate the corresponding operation when the target sulfur content or the cumulative addition of scrap steel reaches the standard. in, The multi-parameter sensing module includes: an insertion thermocouple for temperature measurement, a laser-induced spectrometer for online detection of sulfur content, a three-dimensional scanning device for obtaining scrap steel particle size and bulk density, and a molten iron ladle positioning radar; The intelligent collaborative control module includes: The sulfur content prediction submodule is used to calculate the desulfurizer dosage based on the initial sulfur content of molten iron, target sulfur content, effective desulfurization rate of the desulfurizer, and synergistic correction coefficient; and The scrap steel desulfurization co-processing submodule is used to reduce the scrap steel addition rate and increase the injection intensity when the molten iron temperature is detected to be lower than a preset threshold.

2. The integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization hot iron ladle co-processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gradient preheating chamber includes multiple independent temperature-controlled preheating zones corresponding to coarse, medium, and fine materials, with each independent temperature-controlled preheating zone having a different target temperature range.

3. The integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization hot iron ladle co-processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive conveying mechanism is a magnetically controlled belt. The surface of the magnetically controlled belt is equipped with an electromagnetic adsorption unit for adjusting the adsorption force on scrap steel of different particle sizes, and an online weight detector for closed-loop control of the amount added is provided at the end of the belt.

4. The integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization hot iron ladle co-processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision desulfurization device includes: a preparation chamber for premixed CaO-Mg based composite desulfurizing agent, a twin-screw metering conveyor and an ultrasonic spray gun, as well as a bottom-blowing inert gas device and a mechanical stirring device.

5. The integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization hot iron ladle co-processing system according to claim 1 further includes an environmental protection recycling component, which includes a dust collection hood, a bag filter, and a dust regeneration device for pressing desulfurization dust into sulfur-containing pellets for reuse.

6. A method for co-processing molten iron using integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization, characterized in that, The system of claim 1 comprises: S1, activate the multi-parameter sensing module to obtain information on the initial sulfur content of molten iron, the initial temperature of molten iron, the particle size of scrap steel, the bulk density of scrap steel, and the location of the ladle; S2, based on the collaborative control strategy, calculates the target scrap steel addition amount, scrap steel addition rhythm, desulfurizer dosage and injection parameters; S3, according to the calculation results, add the preheated scrap steel to the molten iron ladle in batches; S4, after the first batch of scrap steel is added, start the desulfurizing agent injection and alternate with the addition of scrap steel; S5 maintains the target temperature window and monitors the sulfur content in real time during the process. When the target sulfur content is met, the injection is stopped. When the cumulative addition of scrap steel reaches the standard, the feeding is stopped. S6, after which the smoke and dust are collected and recycled.

7. The method for co-processing molten iron ladle with integrated scrap steel addition and external desulfurization as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In S3, the amount added in each batch is 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the total amount added, with a batch interval of 30 to 60 seconds. During the process, the temperature of the molten iron is controlled at 1300 to 1400℃. When the sulfur content detected online is not higher than the target sulfur content, the blowing is stopped.

8. The integrated scrap steel addition and ladle desulfurization co-processing method for molten iron ladle according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, In S4, the blowing process uses a supersonic spray gun at a 30°–45° angle relative to the tank wall. Every 3–5 minutes of blowing, the spray gun is lifted and reset by 50–100 mm. When the sulfur content of the scrap steel is detected to be higher than the threshold, the amount of desulfurizing agent is automatically increased and the stirring time is extended.

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