Steel cofferdam rapid dismantling construction method

Abstract

The application provides a steel cofferdam rapid dismantling construction method, which comprises the following steps: S1, supporting the top of the steel cofferdam on the top of the pile cap; S2, replacing the rigid connection between adjacent wall bodies of the steel cofferdam with a flexible connecting piece, so that the adjacent wall bodies produce displacement within a preset range; S3, connecting the steel cofferdam with a lifting device through a lifting tool, and after all the bolts of the wall bodies are removed, the steel cofferdam is integrally dismantled through the lifting of the lifting device. By replacing the rigid connection between the adjacent wall bodies with the flexible connecting piece, the steel cofferdam has controllable relative displacement ability under the premise of maintaining the stability of the overall structure, effectively alleviates the stress concentration caused by rigid constraint in the dismantling process, and significantly reduces the deformation and damage risk of the wall bodies and the connecting positions; meanwhile, the flexible connecting structure can realize the smooth separation of the overall cofferdam and the pile cap in the initial stage of lifting, avoiding the situation caused by jamming or misplacement in the traditional dismantling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction, and in particular to a method for the rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams. Background Technology

[0002] In modern engineering construction, especially in the construction of bridge piers, steel cofferdams are a common and crucial temporary structural technology. Primarily used for water isolation, they form the pier casting template by combining with precast base slabs. Traditional bridge steel cofferdams typically consist of multiple precast wall units rigidly spliced ​​together using high-strength connecting bolts to form an integral closed structure. After the pier construction is completed, the cofferdam needs to be dismantled for reuse or site clearing. Currently, conventional dismantling methods rely on large lifting equipment to disassemble and transport the cofferdam in sections. This process is not only cumbersome and time-consuming, but also requires significant lifting space and equipment capacity. Furthermore, it makes subsequent reassembly difficult. Additionally, because rigid connections are prone to deformation or damage during dismantling, additional repairs or replacements are necessary, further increasing construction costs and time constraints. Therefore, a rapid dismantling method for steel cofferdams is proposed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide a rapid dismantling method for steel cofferdams, which solves the problems of cumbersome procedures, long construction period, strong equipment dependence, easy structural damage, and difficulty in secondary assembly in the existing steel cofferdam dismantling process.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams, the method comprising: S1. Support the top of the steel cofferdam on the top of the pier; S2. Replace the fixed connection between adjacent walls of the steel cofferdam with a flexible connector, so that the adjacent walls can be displaced within a preset range. S3. The lifting equipment connects to the steel cofferdam via a lifting device, and after removing all the bolts on the wall, the steel cofferdam is dismantled as a whole by lifting with the lifting equipment.

[0005] In the preferred embodiment, the top support in step S1 is specifically as follows: multiple supporting brackets are equidistantly arranged on the inner side of the top of the steel cofferdam, and a support pad located below the supporting bracket is provided on the top of the pier, and the support pad tamps down the supporting bracket.

[0006] In the preferred embodiment, the flexible connector in step S2 is a connecting steel wire rope. The specific replacement method is as follows: replace the bolts at the wall splicing flange with a connecting steel wire rope, and limit both ends of the connecting steel wire rope to the flanges of the adjacent wall through rope clamps.

[0007] In the preferred embodiment, the lifting device in step S3 is a frame-type integral structure with a hollow center, and a support frame is provided at the bottom. Lifting lugs are provided at the top of each wall of the steel cofferdam. Before lifting, the lifting device is lifted to the top of the pier using a lifting equipment, and then supported on the top of the pier by a support frame. The lower lifting lug of the lifting device is then connected to the lifting lug using slings.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: S4. The lifting equipment hoists and lowers the steel cofferdam to the position of the pre-set precast base plate, and then assembles it into an integral structure through secondary assembly, so that it can be directly hoisted to the next pier for use.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, step S2 further includes providing tie rods between adjacent walls of the steel cofferdam, with the tie rods located below the steel cofferdam. The tie rod connector includes tie rods surrounding the outer wall of the wall and fasteners that are equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the wall and house the tie rods inside them. The tie rods are broken at the joints of each wall section and have rope ends. There is a pre-set gap between the rope ends of adjacent wall sections to facilitate tie rods during secondary assembly.

[0010] In the preferred embodiment, step S1 further includes setting adjusting brackets at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the steel cofferdam wall; The specific method for the secondary assembly in step S4 is as follows: the precast base plate is horizontally placed on the support pad, and a waterstop is set on the outside of the precast base plate. The steel cofferdam is lowered to the position of the precast base plate and fitted into the precast base plate. The pull steel wire ropes set in advance on the wall are tightened by the pull hoist to initially close the wall. Then, the adjusting jack is set below the adjusting bracket. By pulling the fine-tuning hoist on the inside and adjusting the height of the adjusting jack, the installation holes are aligned. After removing the flexible connector, the fixed connection of each part is restored.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment, the installation method of the tie wire rope is as follows: the entire wire rope is wrapped around the fixed steel cofferdam and fixed to the steel cofferdam with fixing parts at intervals. Then, the wire rope is cut at the connection gap of the wall and bent into a loop to form each tie wire rope.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the device also includes a tie wire rope installation device, which includes a guide rail adapted to the shape of the steel cofferdam and set on its periphery, and an installation mechanism that can move on the guide rail. The guide rail includes a rail body, which is composed of multiple sections. The joints are located at the same positions as the steel cofferdam. Grooves are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the rail body, and a toothed ring is provided in one of the grooves. The mounting mechanism includes a self-propelled base that can move on the track, and mounting components mounted on the self-propelled base. The self-driven base includes a base body, on which a self-driven mechanism meshes with a toothed ring, and a set of limiting wheels that slides with a groove. The self-driven mechanism and the set of limiting wheels hold the rail body in motion. The self-driven mechanism includes a drive unit located on the top of the base, the output shaft of which rotatably passes through the base and is fitted with a drive gear that meshes with a gear ring. The limit wheel set includes a fixed limit wheel symmetrically arranged with the drive gear, and movable limit wheels symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed limit wheel. The movable limit wheel can adjust its position when passing through the arc segment to adapt to the arc path. The movable limit wheel includes a movable groove on the base, a movable seat is movably disposed in the movable groove, and a wheel body that rotatably engages with the groove is disposed in the movable seat. A spring is also disposed in the movable groove, one end of the spring abuts against the movable seat and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove. The spring can keep the wheel body in a mating relationship with the groove. The mounting assembly includes a clamping seat mounted on the base, on which a movable clamping plate is slidably mounted. The clamping seat is equipped with a clamping telescopic cylinder that controls the clamping state of the movable clamping plate. The steel wire rope can be clamped between the clamping seat and the movable clamping plate through their cooperation. The movable clamping plate and the top plate of the clamping seat are provided with arc-shaped clamping parts for clamping the pull wire rope on opposite sides. The arc-shaped clamping parts are provided with intervals, and the top of the clamping seat is provided with a receiving groove located at the interval. The receiving groove is provided with a shearing cutter. The clamping seat is provided with a shearing telescopic cylinder for controlling the shearing state of the shearing cutter. The interval of the arc-shaped clamping part of the movable clamping plate is provided with an upper cutter that cooperates with the shearing cutter.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, a construction platform is also set up on the outer perimeter of the bottom of the steel cofferdam, and a steel wire rope coil is rotatably installed on the construction platform. The installation method for the tie wire ropes is as follows: A guide frame is installed on the rail body to allow the wire ropes to approach the steel cofferdam. The front end of the wound wire rope is passed through the guide frame of the guide frame and clamped by the movable clamping plate and the arc-shaped clamping part on the clamping seat of the installation mechanism. The wire rope is then wrapped around the outside of the steel cofferdam by the self-driving base moving along the guide rail. During this process, fixing components are installed to secure the wire rope. After the wire rope has circled the steel cofferdam once, the connection between the wire rope and the wire rope coil is cut. The installation mechanism releases the front end of the wire rope and continues to move along the guide rail to the connection point of each adjacent wall. The arc-shaped clamping part at the connection point of the movable clamping plate and the clamping seat clamps the wire rope at that point. The shearing telescopic cylinder pushes the shearing blade to cut the wire rope. Then, the wire rope is released, and the cut ends are manually bent one by one and clamped by the arc-shaped clamping part to form a looped rope end. A buckle is manually installed to lock the loop until all tie wire ropes are made.

[0014] This invention provides a rapid dismantling method for steel cofferdams. By replacing the rigid connections between adjacent walls with flexible connectors, the steel cofferdam can achieve controllable relative displacement while maintaining overall structural stability. This effectively alleviates stress concentration caused by rigid constraints during dismantling and significantly reduces the risk of deformation and damage to the walls and connecting parts. Simultaneously, this flexible connection structure allows for smooth separation of the cofferdam from the pier at the initial lifting stage, avoiding jamming or misalignment that can occur during traditional dismantling. Furthermore, during dismantling, there is no need to dismantle the cofferdam piece by piece; simply removing the existing connecting bolts allows for overall lifting using cranes, greatly simplifying the construction process, shortening the work cycle, and reducing reliance on the operating space and lifting capacity of large hoisting equipment. Secondly, the dismantled steel cofferdam can be lowered as a whole onto a pre-set precast base plate, and after simple secondary assembly, it can be restored to a complete template system, facilitating direct transfer to the next pier for reuse. This significantly improves the turnover efficiency of the cofferdam structure and effectively reduces material waste and overall construction costs. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a connection structure diagram of step S1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Top view of the structure; Figure 3 This is a connection structure diagram of step S2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Top view of the structure; Figure 5 This is a connection structure diagram of step S3 of the present invention; Figure 6This is the present invention. Figure 5 Top view of the structure; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the steel cofferdam being moved away in step S3 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the steel cofferdam before secondary assembly in step S4 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the steel cofferdam after secondary assembly in step S4 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a top-view flowchart of the secondary assembly of the cofferdam in step S4 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the installation device of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a diagram of the cable-stayed installation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the present invention. Figure 11 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the installation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 This is the present invention. Figure 14 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 16 This is a structural diagram of the self-driven base of the present invention; Figure 17 This is the present invention. Figure 16 Another perspective on the structure diagram; Figure 18 This is a structural diagram of the installation components of the present invention; Figure 19 This is the present invention. Figure 18 Another perspective on the structure diagram.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Steel cofferdam; 2. Support bracket; 3. Support pad; 4. Adjusting bracket; 5. Lifting lug; 6. Construction platform; 7. Flexible connector; 701. Connecting wire rope; 702. Rope clamp; 8. Pull-out connector; 801. Pull-out wire rope; 802. Fixing component; 9. Lifting tool; 901. Support frame; 10. Precast base plate; 1001. Support pad; 11. Adjustable jack; 12. Fine-tuning hand chain hoist; 13. Pull-out hand chain hoist; 14. Guide rail; 140. Rail body; 141. Toothed ring; 142. Groove; 143. Support frame; 15. Installation mechanism; 151. Self-driving base. 1510; 1511; 1512; 1513; 1514; 1515; 1516; 1517; 1518; 152; 1520; 1521; 1522; 1523; 1524; 1525; 1526; 1527; 1528; 1529; 16 ...520; 1521; 1521; 1522; 1522; 1523; 1524; 1525; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 1522; 152 Detailed Implementation

[0017] Example 1 like Figure 1-10 As shown, a method for rapid dismantling of a steel cofferdam includes: S1. Support the top of the steel cofferdam 1 on the top of the pier. Specifically, multiple supporting brackets 2 are equidistantly installed on the inner side of the top of the steel cofferdam 1. The supporting brackets 2 are located above the pier and their positions need to avoid the connection gaps of the steel cofferdam 1. The supporting brackets 2 are made of steel sections and can be installed by welding or bolting. The top of the pier is provided with a support pad 3 located below the supporting brackets 2, so that the supporting brackets 2 are firmly supported by the support pad 3. The support pad 3 can be made of steel sections, sleeper blocks, screw rods, jacks, etc., to ensure that the supporting brackets are firmly supported.

[0018] S2. Replace the fixed connection between adjacent walls of the steel cofferdam 1 with a flexible connector 7, so that the adjacent walls can be displaced within a preset range, and achieve a flexible connection that can be separated by a certain distance. Specifically, replace the bolts at the flange of the wall splicing with connecting steel wire ropes 701, and limit the two ends of the connecting steel wire ropes 701 to the flanges of the adjacent walls through rope clamps 702. The movable length of the connecting steel wire ropes 701 is about 20cm, ensuring that a flexible connection is formed after the bolts are removed. With this design, the walls of the steel cofferdam 1 can be relatively displaced through the flexible connection during lifting and dismantling, thereby detaching from the pier.

[0019] In addition, to facilitate the secondary assembly construction after the steel cofferdam 1 is dismantled, tie rod connectors 8 are also installed between adjacent walls of the steel cofferdam 1. The tie rod connectors 8 are located below the steel cofferdam 1, specifically 1.5m from the bottom, to facilitate the secondary assembly by closing the walls through the tie rod connectors 8. The tie rod connectors 8 include tie rod steel wire ropes 801 surrounding the outer wall of the wall, and fixing parts 802 that are equidistantly fixed to the outer wall of the wall and fitted inside the tie rod steel wire ropes 801. The tie rod steel wire ropes 801 are broken at the joint of each wall section and have rope ends. The distance between the rope ends of adjacent walls is not less than 1m, which facilitates subsequent tightening by tie rod hand chain hoists 13 and provides an operable gap for tie rod hand chain hoists 13. The tie rod steel wire ropes 801 are steel wire ropes with a diameter of 16mm.

[0020] S3. The lifting equipment connects to the steel cofferdam 1 via the lifting device 9. After removing all the bolts on the wall, the steel cofferdam 1 is dismantled as a whole by lifting with the lifting equipment. The lifting device 9 is a frame-type integral structure with a hollow center. The hollow design in the middle allows it to pass through the pre-made pier, thus allowing it to be lifted above the steel cofferdam 1. It is equipped with lower lifting lugs at different intervals to meet the lifting requirements of steel cofferdams 1 of different sizes. In addition, a support frame 901 is provided at the bottom of the lifting device 9, so that the lifting device 9 can be supported on the top surface of the pier before lifting the steel cofferdam 1, which can ensure stability during the sling connection. At the same time, each wall of the steel cofferdam 1 is equipped with a corresponding lifting lug 5. The lower lifting lug of the lifting device 9 and the lifting lug 5 are connected by a sling shackle, which facilitates quick installation and dismantling.

[0021] It should be noted that after removing all the bolts of the wall, the lifting device 9 should be slowly raised to ensure that the slings are evenly stressed. After the slings are stressed, manual assistance is required to detach all the wall sections from the side of the foundation.

[0022] S4. The lifting equipment hoists and lowers the steel cofferdam 1 to the position of the pre-set precast base plate 10, and forms an integral structure with it through secondary assembly, so that it can be directly hoisted to the next pier for use. The precast base plate 10 can be horizontally set on the ship deck or the trestle platform, and a support pad 1001 is set at its bottom. The outer side of the precast base plate 10 is equipped with a corresponding waterstop. Adjustment brackets 4 are set at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the wall. The adjustment brackets 4 are installed before the steel cofferdam 1 is dismantled.

[0023] The specific method for secondary assembly is as follows: the steel cofferdam 1 is slowly lowered to the position of the precast base plate 10 by the lifting equipment and fitted into the precast base plate 10. At this time, the bottom of the wall is supported on the support pad 1001. The pull hoist 13 is used to tighten the pull steel wire rope 801 that is set on the wall in advance to initially close the wall. Then, the adjusting jack 11 is set below the adjusting bracket 4. The adjusting jack 11 can be a three-way jack. By pulling the fine-tuning hoist 12 on the inside, and coordinating with the height adjustment of the adjusting jack 11, the various installation holes are aligned. After removing the flexible connector 7, the fixed connection of each part is restored.

[0024] Among them, the fine-tuning hand chain hoist 12 adjusts the plane position of the wall on the inner side, and the wall alignment sequence is installed in the order of straight plate first and then arc plate. The height position of the wall is adjusted by adjusting jack 11 on the outer side and adjusting bracket 4.

[0025] When adjusting the straight plate, one end of the fine-tuning hand chain hoist 12 is connected to the force-bearing part on the precast base plate 10, and the other end is connected to the straight plate, so that the straight plate is pulled to be close to the precast base plate 10, and after the adjustment is completed, the connection between the straight plate and the precast base plate 10 is completed.

[0026] When adjusting the arc plate, one end of the fine-tuning hand chain hoist 12 is connected to the straight plate and the other end is connected to the arc plate, thereby pulling the arc plate to connect with the precast base plate 10 and the straight plate, and after the adjustment is completed, the precast base plate 10 and the straight plate are fixedly connected.

[0027] It should be noted that after the adjustment is completed, the fine-tuning chain hoist 12 and the counter-chain chain hoist 13 are removed, and the precast base plate 10 is fixedly connected to the wall through embedded parts. This is existing technology in the field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0028] In the preferred embodiment, the installation method of the tie wire rope 801 can be as follows: the entire wire rope is wrapped around the fixed steel cofferdam 1, and fixed to the steel cofferdam 1 by fixing members 802 with spacing. The fixing member 802 is a U-shaped tube, which is fitted on the outside of the tie wire rope 801 and fixed to the steel cofferdam 1. The fixing method can be welding. Then, the wire rope is cut at the connection gap of the wall and bent into a loop rope end to form each tie wire rope 801.

[0029] Example 2 Further explanation in conjunction with Example 1, such as Figure 11-19 To further improve the installation of the tie wire rope 801, this embodiment also proposes a tie wire rope installation device. A construction platform 6 is set on the outer periphery of the bottom of the steel cofferdam 1. The construction platform 6 is also a modular structure, and its connection seam position is the same as that of the steel cofferdam 1. This is prior art, so it will not be described in detail here. The installation device includes a guide rail 14, an installation mechanism 15, and a wire rope coil 16.

[0030] The guide rail 14 includes a rail body 140, which is composed of multiple sections. The joint position of the rail body 140 is the same as that of the steel cofferdam 1, and its shape is adapted to the shape of the steel cofferdam 1. The rail body 140 is installed on the outside of the steel cofferdam 1 or on the construction platform 6 by being equidistantly set on the support frame 143. Its height is below the installation position of the tie wire rope 801. The inner and outer sides of the rail body 140 are provided with grooves 142, and one of the grooves is provided with a toothed ring 141.

[0031] The mounting mechanism 15 includes a self-propelled base 151 that can move on the rail 140, and a mounting assembly 152 disposed on the self-propelled base 151.

[0032] The self-driven base 151 includes a base body 1510, on which a self-driven mechanism meshing with a toothed ring 141 is provided, and a set of limiting wheels slidingly engaging with a groove 142. The self-driven mechanism and the set of limiting wheels movably clamp the rail body 140 therein.

[0033] The self-driving mechanism includes a drive unit 1511 mounted on the top of the base 1510. The drive unit 1511 is composed of a motor and a reducer. The output shaft of the drive unit 1511 rotatably passes through the base 1510 and is equipped with a drive gear 1512 that meshes with the gear ring 141. The base 1510 has a hole through which the output shaft of the drive unit 1511 passes, and a bearing is installed in the hole. Thus, through the meshing relationship between the drive gear 1512 and the gear ring 141, and the rotation of the drive gear 1512 under the drive of the drive unit 1511, the self-driving base 151 can achieve the effect of self-moving on the track 140.

[0034] The limiting wheel assembly includes a fixed limiting wheel 1513 symmetrically arranged with the drive gear 1512, and movable limiting wheels 1514 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed limiting wheel 1513. The fixed limiting wheel 1513 is rotatably mounted on the seat 1510 via bearings. The movable limiting wheel 1514 can adjust its position when passing through the arc segment to adapt to the arc path.

[0035] The movable limiting wheel 1514 includes a movable groove 1515 provided on the base 1510. The extension direction of the movable groove 1515 is perpendicular to the rail 140. A movable seat 1517 is movably disposed in the movable groove 1515. Both ends of the movable seat 1517 protrude from the movable groove 1515 and are larger than the movable groove 1515, so that its cross-section forms an "I" shape to ensure the stability of the sliding of the movable seat 1517. A bearing is provided in the movable seat 1517. A wheel 1518 that rotatably engages with the groove 142 is rotatably disposed in the bearing. A spring 1516 is also provided in the movable groove 1515. One end of the spring 1516 abuts against the movable seat 1517, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove 1515. The spring 1516 can keep the wheel 1518 in a cooperating relationship with the groove 142.

[0036] The mounting assembly 152 includes a clamping seat 1520 disposed on the base 1510. The clamping seat 1520 is inverted "L" shape, and a movable clamping plate 1522 is slidably disposed on it. The counterweight steel wire rope 801 can be clamped in the clamping seat 1520 through the cooperation between the clamping seat 1520 and the movable clamping plate 1522. Two sliding grooves 1521 are provided on the back of the clamping seat 1520. The bottom of the movable clamping plate 1522 is provided with a telescopic rod 1523 extending into the sliding grooves 1521 and slidingly cooperating with them. The telescopic rod 1523 and the sliding grooves 1521 are in a tandem. The adaptable "T"-shaped structure has a clamping telescopic cylinder 1524 at the bottom of the top plate of the clamping seat 1520. The telescopic end of the clamping telescopic cylinder 1524 passes through the top plate of the clamping seat 1520 and is connected to the movable clamping plate 1522. Thus, by controlling the clamping telescopic cylinder 1524, the movable clamping plate 1522 can be raised and lowered. In turn, by cooperating with the clamping seat 1520, the effect of clamping or releasing the pull wire rope 801 can be achieved. At the same time, the sliding cooperation between the telescopic rod 1523 and the slide groove 1521 can improve its telescopic stability.

[0037] With this design, the end of the wire rope can be clamped by the movable clamping plate 1522 and the clamping seat 1520, and the wire rope can be wrapped around the steel cofferdam 1 by the movement of the self-driving base 151 on the rail body 140. At the same time, when making the loop rope head at the end of the pull wire rope 801, after bending the end, the end can be clamped to the pull wire rope 801 by the movable clamping plate 1522 and the clamping seat 1520, which promotes the formation of the loop rope head and provides stability for the fixation of the rope head. The loop rope head is locked by a buckle, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] It should be noted that the clamping distance between the movable clamping plate 1522 and the clamping seat 1520 meets the range of the distance for clamping a single wire rope and two overlapping wire ropes.

[0039] In addition, the movable clamping plate 1522 and the top plate of the clamping seat 1520 are provided with arc-shaped clamping parts 1525 for clamping the pull wire rope 801. The arc-shaped clamping parts 1525 are provided with intervals, and the top of the clamping seat 1520 is provided with a receiving groove 1526 located at the interval. The receiving groove 1526 is provided with a shearing telescopic cylinder 1527 located below the receiving groove 1526. The telescopic end of the shearing telescopic cylinder 1527 passes through the top plate of the clamping seat 1520 and is connected to the shearing blade 1528. The interval of the arc-shaped clamping part 1525 of the movable clamping plate 1522 is provided with an upper blade 1529 that cooperates with the shearing blade 1528.

[0040] It should be noted that when the shearing blade 1528 is located in the receiving groove 1526, it is in a non-contact state with the clamped tie wire rope 801. In addition, the shearing telescopic cylinder 1527 and the clamping telescopic cylinder 1524 can be electric telescopic cylinders.

[0041] With this design, the shearing blade 1528 is raised and lowered by the extension and retraction of the shearing telescopic cylinder 1527, so that when needed, it can be cut by cooperating with the upper blade 1529 to cut the tie wire rope 801.

[0042] A vertical rotating pallet is installed on the construction platform 6. The rotating pallet is a commercially available product. The wire rope coil 16 is installed on the rotating pallet. A guide frame 17 is installed at the bottom of the rail body 140. The guide frame 17 includes a side-tilted U-shaped frame. One end of the U-shaped frame is fixed to the bottom of the rail body 140, and the other end is connected to a guide frame. The height of the guide frame is the same as the clamping height of the installation component 152 and is close to the steel cofferdam 1.

[0043] In use, the front end of the wire rope wound on the wire rope coil 16 is passed through the conductor frame of the conductor frame 17 and then clamped by the movable clamping plate 1522 and the arc-shaped clamping part 1525 on the clamping seat 1520 of the installation mechanism 15. The wire rope is then wound around the outside of the steel cofferdam 1 by the movement of the self-driving base 151 on the guide rail 14. During this process, the fixing component 802 secures the wire rope. After the wire rope has circled the steel cofferdam 1 once, the connection between the wire rope and the wire rope coil 16 is cut, and the installation mechanism 15 releases the wire rope coil. After the front end of the wire rope, it continues to travel on the guide rail 14 to the connection of each adjacent wall. The wire rope is clamped at the arc-shaped clamping part 1525 at the connection of the movable clamping plate 1522 and the clamping seat 1520. The shearing cylinder 1527 pushes the shearing cutter 1528 to cut the wire rope. Then the wire rope is released, and the ends of the cut wire ropes are bent manually one by one and clamped by the arc-shaped clamping part 1525 to form a loop rope end. The buckle is then manually installed and locked until all the tie wire ropes 801 are made.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams, characterized by: The method includes: S1. Support the top of the steel cofferdam (1) on the top of the pier; S2. Replace the fixed connection between the adjacent walls of the steel cofferdam (1) with a flexible connector (7) so that the adjacent walls can produce displacement within a preset range. S3. The lifting equipment connects to the steel cofferdam (1) through the lifting device (9), and after removing all the bolts on the wall, the steel cofferdam (1) is dismantled as a whole by the lifting equipment. S4. The lifting equipment hoists and lowers the steel cofferdam (1) to the position of the pre-set precast base plate (10), and forms an integral structure with it through secondary assembly, so that it can be directly hoisted to the next pier for use; Step S2 also includes the installation of tie rods (8) between adjacent walls of the steel cofferdam (1), and the tie rods (8) are located below the steel cofferdam (1); The tie-up connector (8) includes a tie-up steel wire rope (801) surrounding the outer wall of the wall, and a fastener (802) fixed at equal intervals on the outer wall of the wall and fitted inside the tie-up steel wire rope (801). The tie-up steel wire rope (801) is broken at each joint of the wall and a rope end is provided. There is a pre-set interval between the rope ends of adjacent walls to facilitate tie-up during secondary assembly. Step S1 also includes setting adjusting brackets (4) at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the steel cofferdam (1) wall. The specific method of secondary assembly in step S4 is as follows: the precast base plate (10) is horizontally placed on the support pad (1001), and a waterstop is set on the outside of the precast base plate (10). The steel cofferdam (1) is lowered to the position of the precast base plate (10) and fitted into the precast base plate (10). The pull hoist (13) is used to tighten the pull steel wire rope (801) set on the wall in advance to initially close the wall. Then, the adjusting jack (11) is set below the adjusting bracket (4). By pulling the fine-tuning hoist (12) on the inside, the height of the adjusting jack (11) is adjusted to make each installation hole aligned. After removing the flexible connector (7), the fixed connection of each part is restored.

2. The method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top support in step S1 is specifically as follows: multiple support brackets (2) are set at equal intervals on the inner side of the top of the steel cofferdam (1), and a support pad (3) is set on the top of the pier below the support brackets (2), and the support pad (3) compacts the support brackets (2).

3. The method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible connector (7) in step S2 is a connecting steel wire rope (701). The specific replacement method is to replace the bolts at the flange of the wall splicing with the connecting steel wire rope (701) and limit both ends of the connecting steel wire rope (701) to the flange of the adjacent wall through rope clamps (702).

4. The method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (9) in step S3 is a frame-type integral structure with a hollow middle, and a support frame (901) is set at the bottom. Lifting lugs (5) are set at the top of each wall of the steel cofferdam (1). Before lifting, the lifting device (9) is lifted to the top of the pier by the lifting equipment, and then supported on the top of the pier by the support frame (901). Then the lower lifting lug of the lifting device (9) is connected to the lifting lug (5) by the sling.

5. The method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The installation method of the tie wire rope (801) is as follows: the whole wire rope is wrapped around the steel cofferdam (1) in a fixed state, and fixed to the steel cofferdam (1) by fixing parts (802) with spacing. Then the wire rope is cut at the connection gap of the wall and bent into a loop rope end to form each tie wire rope (801).

6. The method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a tie wire rope installation device, which includes a guide rail (14) adapted to the shape of the steel cofferdam (1) and set on its periphery, and an installation mechanism (15) that can move on the guide rail (14). The guide rail (14) includes a rail body (140), which is composed of multiple sections. The joint position is the same as that of the steel cofferdam (1). The inner and outer sides of the rail body (140) are provided with grooves (142), and a toothed ring (141) is provided in one of the grooves. The mounting mechanism (15) includes a self-propelled base (151) that can move on the rail (140) and a mounting assembly (152) disposed on the self-propelled base (151). The self-driven base (151) includes a base (1510), on which a self-driven mechanism that meshes with a toothed ring (141) is provided, and a set of limiting wheels that slides with a groove (142). The self-driven mechanism and the set of limiting wheels hold the rail (140) in motion. The self-driving mechanism includes a drive unit (1511) located on the top of the base (1510). The output shaft of the drive unit (1511) rotatably passes through the base (1510) and is equipped with a drive gear (1512) that meshes with the gear ring (141). The limiting wheel set includes a fixed limiting wheel (1513) symmetrically arranged with the drive gear (1512), and a movable limiting wheel (1514) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed limiting wheel (1513). The movable limiting wheel (1514) can adjust its position when passing through the arc segment to adapt to the arc path. The movable limiting wheel (1514) includes a movable groove (1515) provided on the base (1510). A movable seat (1517) is movably provided in the movable groove (1515). A wheel body (1518) that cooperates with the groove (142) is rotatably provided in the movable seat (1517). A spring (1516) is also provided in the movable groove (1515). One end of the spring (1516) abuts against the movable seat (1517), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the movable groove (1515). The spring (1516) can keep the wheel body (1518) in a cooperating relationship with the groove (142). The mounting assembly (152) includes a clamping seat (1520) disposed on a base (1510), on which a movable clamping plate (1522) is slidably disposed. The clamping seat (1520) is provided with a clamping telescopic cylinder (1524) for controlling the clamping state of the movable clamping plate (1522). The counter-stretch steel wire rope (801) can be clamped therein by the cooperation between the clamping seat (1520) and the movable clamping plate (1522). The movable clamping plate (1522) and the top plate of the clamping seat (1520) are provided with an arc-shaped clamping part (1525) for clamping the pull wire rope (801). The arc-shaped clamping part (1525) is provided with a gap, and the top of the clamping seat (1520) is provided with a receiving groove (1526) located at the gap. The receiving groove (1526) is provided with a shearing cutter (1528). The clamping seat (1520) is provided with a shearing telescopic cylinder (1527) for controlling the shearing state of the shearing cutter (1528). The gap of the arc-shaped clamping part (1525) of the movable clamping plate (1522) is provided with an upper cutter (1529) that cooperates with the shearing cutter (1528).

7. The method for rapid dismantling of steel cofferdams according to claim 6, characterized in that: A construction platform (6) is also set on the outer perimeter of the bottom of the steel cofferdam (1), and a steel wire rope coil (16) is rotatably set on the construction platform (6). The installation method of the tie wire rope is as follows: a guide frame (17) that allows the wire rope to approach the steel cofferdam (1) is installed on the rail body (140). After the front end of the wire rope wound on the wire rope coil (16) passes through the guide frame of the guide frame (17), it is clamped by the movable clamping plate (1522) of the installation mechanism (15) and the arc-shaped clamping part (1525) on the clamping seat (1520). The wire rope is then wrapped around the outside of the steel cofferdam (1) by the movement of the self-driving base (151) on the guide rail (14). During this process, the fixing part (802) is installed to fix the wire rope. After the wire rope is wrapped around the steel cofferdam (1) once, the wire is cut. The connection between the rope and the wire rope coil (16) is established by the installation mechanism (15) after releasing the front end of the wire rope. The mechanism continues to travel on the guide rail (14) to the connection point of each adjacent wall. The wire rope is clamped at the connection point of the movable clamping plate (1522) and the clamping seat (1520) by the arc-shaped clamping part (1525). The shearing telescopic cylinder (1527) pushes the shearing cutter (1528) to cut the wire rope. Then the wire rope is released, and the ends of the cut wire ropes are bent manually one by one and clamped by the arc-shaped clamping part (1525) to form a loop rope head. The buckle is manually installed and locked until all the pull wire ropes (801) are made.

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