Electric automobile battery charging and replacing cabinet with multiple layers of battery bins

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery charging and replacing cabinets, in particular to an electric vehicle battery charging and replacing cabinet with multiple layers of battery bins, which comprises a battery charging and replacing cabinet shell, a heat dissipation channel is arranged in the battery charging and replacing cabinet shell along the vertical direction, and L-shaped shunting channels are symmetrically arranged in the battery charging and replacing cabinet shell. And the heat dissipation channel is communicated with the bottom of the L-shaped shunting channel. The double-air-duct structure combining the heat dissipation channel and the L-shaped shunting channel can flexibly adjust the operation state according to seasons: the air circulation efficiency can be improved by reducing the angle of the drainage plate and increasing the area of an external air outlet at high temperature, and the heat of dense batteries in the multi-layer charging bin can be quickly conducted out; and air preheating and dehumidification can be achieved through an electric heater of the preheating assembly and a moisture absorption resin multi-tooth plate at the low temperature, actions of increasing the angle of a drainage plate and reducing the area of an external exhaust outlet are matched with the adjusting assembly, waste heat in a heat dissipation channel is guided into a charging bin, the activity of an uncharged battery is maintained, and local overheating of a charging component is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of charging and battery replacement cabinets, in particular to an electric vehicle charging and battery replacement cabinet with multiple battery compartments. BACKGROUND

[0002] With electric bicycles becoming the mainstream tool for short-distance travel in cities and delivery, users' demand for energy replenishment convenience is increasingly urgent. Charging and battery replacement cabinets quickly become the core energy replenishment facilities in communities and delivery sites because they can solve the pain points of "slow charging" and "high safety risks in home charging" of electric bicycles. Charging and battery replacement cabinets with multiple battery compartments can efficiently adapt to high-frequency battery replacement needs due to their advantages of "small footprint" and "high storage capacity". Such equipment needs to charge electric bicycle batteries of 48V, 60V, 72V, etc. in parallel, and the batteries will continuously generate heat during charging, especially in high-temperature summer and low-temperature winter environments, which puts higher requirements on the heat management capability of the cabinet. "Differentiated heat adaptation in summer and winter" has become a core technical problem.

[0003] Currently, the technical solutions for heat dissipation design of electric bicycle charging and battery replacement cabinets with multiple battery compartments in the industry are relatively basic. The single air duct structure of "top air inlet + bottom air outlet" or "single-sided air inlet + single-sided air outlet" is commonly used, and some equipment only adds fixed air guide strips in each battery compartment to assist air flow circulation. The air duct path and air volume adjustment are fixed modes, and there is no adaptive design for the heat generation characteristics of densely arranged batteries and the heat dissipation needs of different seasons. The overall heat management mode is relatively single.

[0004] However, the core defect of the prior art is the lack of a dynamic adjustment mechanism for electric bicycle charging and battery replacement scenarios: in summer, densely arranged batteries will generate a large amount of heat, and fixed air ducts and air volume cannot quickly remove the heat, which can easily cause the temperature in the compartment to rise rapidly, not only accelerating the capacity decay of the battery, but also possibly causing safety risks; in winter, both the safety of the battery during charging due to local heat accumulation and the maintenance of the cold battery at an appropriate activity level are needed, but the fixed heat management mode cannot accurately balance "local heat dissipation" and "overall temperature maintenance", resulting in decreased charging efficiency of some batteries and shortened lifespan of some batteries due to overheating, ultimately failing to meet the core needs of electric bicycle users for "fast energy replenishment" and "safety and reliability". SUMMARY

[0005] The present application relates to the technical field of charging and battery replacement cabinets, in particular to an electric vehicle charging and battery replacement cabinet with multiple battery compartments.

[0006] The object of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions: The utility model provides an electric automobile charging and replacing cabinet with multilayer battery compartment, preferably, including charging and replacing cabinet shell, the inside of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with heat dissipation channel along the vertical direction, and the inside of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with L shape shunt channel symmetrically, the bottom of heat dissipation channel and L shape shunt channel are communicated, the inside of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with a plurality of charging compartments symmetrically and evenly, one side of charging compartment is provided with internal air inlet and is communicated with L shape shunt channel, and the other side of charging compartment is provided with internal air outlet and is communicated with heat dissipation channel, the top of charging and replacing cabinet shell is fixedly connected with T shape air inlet, the bottom of T shape air inlet penetrates the top wall of charging and replacing cabinet shell and extends to the inside of heat dissipation channel, the bottom of T shape air inlet is fixedly connected with heat dissipation fan through support, one side of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with external air outlet and is communicated with the bottom of heat dissipation channel, the top of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with heat insulation groove, T shape air inlet is embedded in the inside of heat insulation groove, the inside of internal air inlet is hingedly connected with drainage plate, and the inboard of external air outlet is slidably provided with sealing plate. The inside of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with adjusting assembly, which is used to drive the rotation of drainage plate around the hinge shaft to adjust the air intake, and drive the sliding of sealing plate along the length direction of charging and replacing cabinet shell to adjust the air exhaust. The inside of T shape air inlet is provided with preheating assembly, which is used to heat and dehumidify the air passing through the inside of T shape air inlet. One end of charging and replacing cabinet shell is provided with control assembly, which is used to detect the temperature change of each area in the inside of charging and replacing cabinet shell, and adjust the working state of preheating assembly to adjust the internal environment temperature.

[0007] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes an adjusting slide rod fixedly connected inside the L-shaped shunt channel, one end of the adjusting slide rod is slidably connected with an adjusting rod, one side of the adjusting rod is fixedly connected with a plurality of adjusting racks along the length direction, one end of the drainage plate is fixedly connected with an adjusting gear, and the adjusting gear is in meshing transmission with the adjusting racks.

[0008] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further includes a double-layer synchronous wheel rotatably connected to the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell through a bearing, the inside of the L-shaped shunt channel is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw through a bearing, one end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected with the adjusting rod, the top end of the adjusting screw penetrates the top wall of the charging and replacing cabinet shell and is fixedly connected with a single-layer synchronous wheel, a pair of synchronous belts are sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-layer synchronous wheel, the other ends of the two synchronous belts are respectively sleeved on the outer peripheries of the two single-layer synchronous wheels, the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell is fixedly connected with an adjusting motor through bolts, and the output end of the adjusting motor is fixedly connected with the central shaft of the double-layer synchronous wheel.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises two sealing slide rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped shunt channel, one end of each of the two sealing slide rods is slidably connected with an L-shaped connecting rod through a sliding block, one end of the L-shaped connecting rod extends into the heat dissipation channel and is welded with the sealing plate, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with a first transmission rack, and one side of the first transmission rack is engaged with a transmission gear.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises a transmission rod fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod, the bottom of the transmission rod is rotatably connected with the transmission gear through a bearing, the inner side wall of the L-shaped shunt channel is fixedly connected with a second transmission rack, and the second transmission rack is in meshing transmission with the transmission gear.

[0011] Preferably, the inner bottom of the charging bin is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation support strips, a drainage air duct is formed between any two adjacent heat dissipation support strips, the drainage air duct communicates the internal air inlet with the internal air outlet, and the outer side wall of the charging bin close to the direction of the heat dissipation channel is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation fins along the length direction of the charging and swapping cabinet shell.

[0012] Preferably, the preheating assembly comprises two electric heaters fixedly connected to the inner top of the T-shaped air inlet, a moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate is detachably arranged on the inner top of the T-shaped air inlet, the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate is arranged between the two electric heaters, and the inner bottom of the T-shaped air inlet is fixedly connected with two water-blocking plates.

[0013] Preferably, a material replacing opening is formed in the top of the T-shaped air inlet, a material replacing cover plate is hingedly connected to the inside of the material replacing opening, a top air vent is formed in the top of the material replacing cover plate, a filter screen is fixedly connected to the inside of the top air vent, two insertion grooves are symmetrically formed in the bottom of the material replacing cover plate, both ends of the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate are correspondingly inserted into the insertion grooves, a tension spring is hooked to the bottom of the material replacing cover plate, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the T-shaped air inlet to keep the closing state of the material replacing cover plate.

[0014] Preferably, the control assembly comprises a controller fixedly connected to one side of the charging and swapping cabinet shell through bolts, an external temperature sensor is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the charging and swapping cabinet shell, a loudspeaker is fixedly connected to one side of the charging and swapping cabinet shell, an internal temperature sensor one is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the charging bin, an internal temperature sensor two is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat dissipation channel, and the controller is electrically connected with the external temperature sensor, the loudspeaker, the internal temperature sensor one and the internal temperature sensor two respectively to receive temperature signals and control the loudspeaker to output battery information in the charging bin.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell is fixedly connected with a lighting lamp, and the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell is fixedly connected with a solar panel module through a support, the lighting lamp is located below the solar panel module, and the solar panel module is internally provided with a solar energy storage power supply unit, which is electrically connected with the controller and the loudspeaker to provide working power.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. By cooperating the adjustment assembly with the preheating assembly and the control assembly, and combining the double air duct structure of the heat dissipation channel and the L-shaped shunt channel, the operation state can be flexibly adjusted according to the season: in high temperature, the air flow efficiency can be improved by reducing the angle of the drainage plate and increasing the area of the external air outlet, so as to quickly guide out the heat of the dense batteries in the multi-layer charging bin, and avoid capacity decay or safety risk caused by high temperature; in low temperature, the air preheating and dehumidification can be realized by the electric heater of the preheating assembly and the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate, and the action of increasing the angle of the drainage plate and reducing the area of the external air outlet of the adjustment assembly can guide the residual heat in the heat dissipation channel into the charging bin, so as to maintain the activity of the uncharged batteries and avoid local overheating of the charging components.

[0017] 2. The double air duct structure of the vertical heat dissipation channel and the symmetrical L-shaped shunt channel is adopted, and the drainage air duct formed by the heat dissipation support strips in the charging bin is matched, so as to construct the double paths of external flow heat exchange and internal flow heat exchange: after the air enters through the T-shaped air inlet, part of the air is in contact with the charging bin periphery and the heat dissipation fins along the heat dissipation channel for heat exchange, and the other part of the air enters the charging bin interior through the L-shaped shunt channel and the drainage plate to directly contact the batteries, and finally all the air is discharged through the external air outlet, covering all the multi-layer charging bins, so as to effectively reduce the heat dissipation blind area and improve the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0018] 3. The synchronous rotation of the two sides of the adjustment screw is realized by the double-layer synchronous wheel and synchronous belt and the single-layer synchronous wheel, the adjustment rod is driven to slide along the adjustment slide rod, and then the angle of the drainage plate is controlled through the adjustment rack and the adjustment gear; at the same time, the adjustment rod is designed to be linked through the transmission rod, the transmission gear, the first transmission rack and the second transmission rack, so as to drive the sealing plate to adjust the area of the external air outlet, realize the collaborative adaptation of the air inlet and the air outlet, and reduce the air flow disorder caused by single adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description, and obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings; Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the charging and replacing cabinet in the present application; Figure 2is a front view of the shell of the charging and battery swapping cabinet in the present application; Figure 3 is Figure 2 is an enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 4 is a side view of the shell of the charging and battery swapping cabinet in the present application; Figure 5 is Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B in the middle; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjusting assembly in the present application; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adjusting rod in the present application; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the transmission gear and the first and second transmission racks in the present application; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the charging bin in the present application; Figure 10 is an exploded view of the internal structure of the T-shaped air inlet in the present application; The reference signs in the drawings are as follows: 1, shell of the charging and battery swapping cabinet; 2, heat dissipation channel; 3, L-shaped shunt channel; 4, charging bin; 5, internal air inlet; 6, internal air outlet; 7, T-shaped air inlet; 8, heat dissipation fan; 9, external air outlet; 10, heat insulation groove; 11, drainage plate; 12, sealing plate; 13, adjusting slide rod; 14, adjusting rod; 15, adjusting rack; 16, adjusting gear; 17, double-layer synchronous wheel; 18, single-layer synchronous wheel; 19, synchronous belt; 20, adjusting motor; 21, sealing slide rod; 22, L-shaped connecting rod; 23, first transmission rack; 24, transmission gear; 25, transmission rod; 26, second transmission rack; 27, heat dissipation support strip; 28, heat dissipation fin; 29, electric heater; 30, moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate; 31, water-blocking plate; 32, material replacement opening; 33, material replacement cover plate; 34, top air inlet; 35, filter screen; 36, tension spring; 37, controller; 38, external temperature sensor; 39, loudspeaker; 40, internal temperature sensor one; 41, internal temperature sensor two; 42, illuminating lamp; 43, solar panel module; 44, adjusting screw rod; 45, slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] A charging and swapping cabinet for electric vehicles with multi-layer battery compartments is disclosed. The charging and swapping cabinet belongs to the field of battery replenishment equipment in the field of charging and swapping cabinet technology. It is specifically used for multi-layer storage and charging and swapping of batteries for electric vehicles or electric bicycles, and integrates seasonal dynamic thermal management and intelligent environmental control functions.

[0022] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the device includes a charging / swapping cabinet housing 1. A heat dissipation channel 2 is vertically arranged inside the charging / swapping cabinet housing 1, and L-shaped diversion channels 3 are symmetrically arranged inside the housing. The bottom of the heat dissipation channel 2 and the L-shaped diversion channels 3 are connected. Multiple charging compartments 4 are symmetrically and evenly arranged inside the charging / swapping cabinet housing 1. One side of each charging compartment 4 has an internal air inlet 5 connected to the L-shaped diversion channels 3, and the other side of each charging compartment 4 has an internal air outlet 6 connected to the heat dissipation channel 2. The top of the charging / swapping cabinet housing 1 is fixedly connected to... The bottom of the T-shaped air inlet 7 penetrates the top wall of the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1 and extends into the interior of the heat dissipation channel 2. The bottom of the T-shaped air inlet 7 is fixedly connected to the heat dissipation fan 8 by a bracket. An external exhaust port 9 is opened on one side of the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1, which communicates with the bottom of the heat dissipation channel 2. A heat insulation groove 10 is opened on the top of the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1. The T-shaped air inlet 7 is embedded in the heat insulation groove 10. A guide plate 11 is symmetrically hinged inside the internal air inlet 5. A sealing plate 12 is slidably provided on the inner side of the external exhaust port 9. An adjustment component is provided inside the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1. The adjustment component is used to drive the air intake plate 11 to rotate around the hinge axis to adjust the air intake volume, and to drive the sealing plate 12 to slide along the length direction of the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1 to adjust the exhaust volume. The T-shaped air inlet 7 is equipped with a preheating component, which is used to heat and dehumidify the air passing through the T-shaped air inlet 7. A control component is provided at one end of the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1. The control component is used to detect the temperature changes in various areas inside the charging and swapping cabinet housing 1 and to adjust the working state of the preheating component to regulate the internal ambient temperature.

[0023] In use, first, start the cooling fan 8 to input flowing air through the T-shaped air inlet 7 to the inside of the cooling channel 2, and the flowing air contacts and exchanges heat with the outer periphery of the charging compartment 4 when passing through the inside of the cooling channel 2, most of the air after heat exchange is discharged through the external air outlet 9 to achieve preliminary cooling of the inside of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1, and when the air flows vertically to the bottom of the cooling channel 2, part of the air flows into the L-shaped shunt channel 3 after impacting the bottom of the cooling channel 2, and flows upward along the inside of the L-shaped shunt channel 3, and finally enters the inside of the charging compartment 4 through the internal air inlet 5 under the guidance of the flow guide plate 11, and contacts and exchanges heat with the battery body in the charging compartment 4, and then the air after heat exchange enters the inside of the cooling channel 2 again through the internal air outlet 6, and is discharged through the external air outlet 9 together with most of the air, so as to drive the air to circulate in the plurality of charging compartments 4, and reduce the heat dissipation blind area. And the working mode can be adjusted according to seasonal changes: in winter, the battery needs to be kept warm, especially at low temperature, the battery activity decreases, and the charging efficiency decreases, but local heating occurs during the charging process, such as the battery cell and the charging module, which needs to be cooled to avoid overheating. At this time, the control assembly is used to monitor the temperature change in the inside of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1, and when the temperature in the inside of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is lower than the preset value, the preheating assembly is triggered to work to heat and dehumidify the air passing through the inside of the T-shaped air inlet 7 to avoid the influence of condensed water on the equipment, and the preheated and dehumidified air is input into the cooling channel 2 by the cooling fan 8 to preheat and warm up the working environment in the inside of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1. Then when the temperature of the working environment in the inside of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 reaches the preset value, and the control assembly monitors that local overheating occurs in the inside of the cooling channel 2 and the charging compartment 4, the preheating assembly is closed, and the angle of the flow guide plate 11 is increased by the adjusting assembly to increase the air volume entering the inside of the charging compartment 4, and the sealing plate 12 inside the external air outlet 9 is reduced to reduce the air outlet area of the external air outlet 9, so that more hot air after heat exchange passing through the inside of the cooling channel 2 can be guided into the inside of the charging compartment 4 by increasing the angle of the flow guide plate 11, and the residual heat after heat dissipation is used to maintain the local temperature, and the air outlet area of the external air outlet 9 is reduced to reduce the heat loss in the inside of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1, and part of the air flow is reserved to avoid heat accumulation, so as to maintain the balance between heat preservation and heat dissipation. In summer, the heat dissipation efficiency needs to be maximized, at this time, the angle of the flow guide plate 11 is reduced by starting the adjusting assembly to reduce the air volume entering the inside of the charging compartment 4, and the sealing plate 12 is driven to increase the air outlet area of the external air outlet 9, so that more air can be directly discharged through the external air outlet 9 after passing through the inside of the cooling channel 2, the air circulation efficiency inside and outside the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is improved, and the heat dissipation effect is improved.

[0024] For example Figures 2-9As shown, the adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting slide rod 13 fixedly connected inside the L-shaped shunt passage 3, one end of the adjusting slide rod 13 is slidingly connected with an adjusting rod 14, a plurality of adjusting racks 15 are uniformly fixedly connected on one side of the adjusting rod 14 along the length direction, one end of the diversion plate 11 is fixedly connected with an adjusting gear 16, and the adjusting gear 16 is in meshing transmission with the adjusting racks 15; The adjusting assembly further comprises a double-layer synchronous wheel 17 rotatably connected at the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 through a bearing, the inside of the L-shaped shunt passage 3 is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw rod 44 through a bearing, one end of the adjusting screw rod 44 is threadedly connected with the adjusting rod 14, the top end of the adjusting screw rod 44 penetrates through the top wall of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 and is fixedly connected with a single-layer synchronous wheel 18, a pair of synchronous belts 19 are sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-layer synchronous wheel 17, the other ends of the two synchronous belts 19 are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the two single-layer synchronous wheels 18, an adjusting motor 20 is fixedly connected at the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 through bolts, and the output end of the adjusting motor 20 is fixedly connected with the central shaft of the double-layer synchronous wheel 17; Further, the adjusting assembly further comprises two sealing slide rods 21 symmetrically fixedly connected at the bottom of the L-shaped shunt passage 3, one end of the two sealing slide rods 21 is slidingly connected with an L-shaped connecting rod 22 through a sliding block, one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 22 extends into the inside of the heat dissipation passage 2 and is welded and fixed with the sealing plate 12, the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected with a first transmission rack 23, and one side of the first transmission rack 23 is in meshing transmission with a transmission gear 24; Further, the adjusting assembly further comprises a transmission rod 25 fixedly connected at the bottom of the adjusting rod 14, the bottom of the transmission rod 25 is rotatably connected with the transmission gear 24 through a bearing, the inner side wall of the L-shaped shunt passage 3 is fixedly connected with a second transmission rack 26, and the second transmission rack 26 is in meshing transmission with the transmission gear 24; Further, the inner bottom of the charging bin 4 is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation support strips 27, and a diversion air duct is formed between adjacent two heat dissipation support strips 27, the diversion air duct communicates the internal air inlet 5 and the internal air outlet 6, and the outer side wall of the charging bin 4 close to the heat dissipation passage 2 is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 28 along the length direction of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1.

[0025] In use, when it is necessary to adjust the air inlet amount and the air outlet amount to adapt to seasonal or temperature changes, the adjusting motor 20 is started to drive the double-layer synchronous wheel 17 to rotate, a pair of synchronous belts 19 sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-layer synchronous wheel 17 are synchronously driven to rotate the single-layer synchronous wheels 18 on both sides, since the single-layer synchronous wheels 18 are fixedly connected with the adjusting screw rod 44 and the adjusting screw rod 44 is threadedly connected with the adjusting rod 14, the rotation of the adjusting screw rod 44 will be converted into the linear sliding of the adjusting rod 14 along the adjusting slide rod 13; With the sliding of the adjusting rod 14, the adjusting rack 15 on one side thereof is in meshing transmission with the adjusting gear 16 at one end of the guide plate 11, thereby driving the guide plate 11 to rotate about the hinge shaft, so as to realize the adjustment of the air inlet amount of the internal air inlet 5; that is, when the adjusting rod 14 slides upward, the adjusting rack 15 drives the adjusting gear 16 to rotate clockwise, the angle of the guide plate 11 increases, and the air inlet amount increases; when the adjusting rod 14 slides downward, the angle of the guide plate 11 decreases, and the air inlet amount decreases; Meanwhile, the adjusting rod 14 slides to drive the bottom transmission rod 25 to move synchronously, the bottom transmission rod 25 is rotationally connected to the transmission gear 24 through a bearing, and the transmission gear 24 is in meshing transmission with the first transmission rack 23 on the L-shaped connecting rod 22 and the second transmission rack 26 on the inner side wall of the L-shaped shunt passage 3. When the transmission rod 25 moves with the adjusting rod 14, the transmission gear 24 rolls along the second transmission rack 26, thereby driving the first transmission rack 23 and the L-shaped connecting rod 22 to slide along the sealing slide rod 21. Since one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 22 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 12, the sliding of the L-shaped connecting rod 22 drives the sealing plate 12 to move along the length direction of the charging and battery replacing cabinet shell 1, so as to realize the adjustment of the air outlet amount of the external air outlet 9; when the L-shaped connecting rod 22 moves into the heat dissipation passage 2, the sealing plate 12 reduces the area of the external air outlet 9, and the air outlet amount decreases; conversely, the air outlet amount increases. In addition, the heat dissipation support strips 27 at the bottom of the charging bin 4 not only support the batteries, but also form the guide air ducts therebetween, which can guide the air to quickly pass through the inside of the charging bin 4, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency with the batteries; and the heat dissipation fins 28 on the side of the charging bin 4 close to the heat dissipation passage 2 can increase the contact area of the charging bin 4 and the air in the heat dissipation passage 2, so as to strengthen the external heat exchange effect and further improve the overall heat dissipation performance.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 10 The preheating assembly includes the electric heaters 29 fixedly connected in symmetry at the inner top of the T-shaped air inlet 7, the moisture absorption resin multi-tooth plate 30 is detachably arranged at the inner top of the T-shaped air inlet 7, the moisture absorption resin multi-tooth plate 30 is arranged between the two electric heaters 29, and the water blocking plates 31 are fixedly connected in symmetry at the inner bottom of the T-shaped air inlet 7. The top of the T-shaped air inlet 7 is provided with the material replacement opening 32, the material replacement cover plate 33 is hingedly connected inside the material replacement opening 32, the top of the material replacement cover plate 33 is provided with the top ventilation opening 34, the filter screen 35 is fixedly connected inside the top ventilation opening 34, the bottom of the material replacement cover plate 33 is symmetrically provided with the insertion slots 45, the two ends of the moisture absorption resin multi-tooth plate 30 are correspondingly inserted into the insertion slots 45, the material replacement cover plate 33 is hooked with the tension spring 36 at the bottom, and the other end of the tension spring 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the T-shaped air inlet 7 to keep the closing state of the material replacement cover plate 33.

[0027] In use, first, set the water baffle 31 to block the direct passage of external rainwater through the T-shaped air inlet 7 into the interior of the heat dissipation channel 2. When the control assembly detects that the temperature inside the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is too low and the incoming air needs to be preheated and dehumidified, start the electric heater 29 to heat the air passing through the interior of the T-shaped air inlet 7, so that the air temperature rises to a range suitable for the internal environment of the cabinet, then the heated air flows through the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate 30 between the two electric heaters 29. The moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate 30 uses its adsorption properties to remove moisture from the air, preventing condensation of condensed water in the heat dissipation channel 2 or the charging compartment 4 in a low-temperature environment, which can cause damage to electrical components or batteries. Finally, the preheated air enters the heat dissipation channel 2 under the drive of the heat dissipation fan 8 to warm up the internal environment of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1, ensuring that the battery operates at an appropriate temperature. When it is necessary to improve the air circulation efficiency inside and outside the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 and improve the heat dissipation effect in summer, the staff can open the material replacing cover plate 33 in the material replacing opening 32 upwards. At this time, the tension spring 36 at the bottom of the material replacing cover plate 33 is stretched. When the material replacing cover plate 33 is loosened, the tension spring 36 can pull the material replacing cover plate 33 back to close by its own elastic force, ensuring the sealing of the material replacing opening 32. Then, the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate 30 is removed from the insertion slot 45 at the bottom of the material replacing cover plate 33, so that external air enters the interior of the T-shaped air inlet 7 through the top air inlet 34 at the top of the material replacing cover plate 33. First, the filter screen 35 in the top air inlet 34 filters out dust and impurities to prevent pollutants from entering the cabinet and affecting the service life of the equipment or battery.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1-2 The control assembly includes a controller 37 fixedly connected to one side of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 by bolts. The outer side wall of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is fixedly connected with an external temperature sensor 38. One side of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is fixedly connected with a loudspeaker 39. The inner side wall of the charging compartment 4 is fixedly connected with an internal temperature sensor one 40. The bottom of the heat dissipation channel 2 is fixedly connected with an internal temperature sensor two 41. The controller 37 is electrically connected with the external temperature sensor 38, the loudspeaker 39, the internal temperature sensor one 40, and the internal temperature sensor two 41, respectively, to receive temperature signals and control the loudspeaker 39 to output battery information inside the charging compartment 4. The top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is fixedly connected with a lighting lamp 42. The top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell 1 is fixedly connected with a solar panel module 43 through a support. The lighting lamp 42 is located below the solar panel module 43. The solar panel module 43 is built-in with a solar energy storage power supply unit. The power supply unit is electrically connected with the controller 37 and the loudspeaker 39 to provide working power.

[0029] In use, the controller 37 works in cooperation with each component: the external temperature sensor 38 on the outer side wall of the charging cabinet shell 1 monitors the ambient temperature in real time, the internal temperature sensor one 40 on the inner side wall of the charging compartment 4 monitors the temperature of the battery in each charging compartment 4, and the internal temperature sensor two 41 at the bottom of the heat dissipation channel 2 monitors the temperature of the airflow in the heat dissipation channel 2. The three sensors transmit the collected temperature signals to the controller 37 in real time. The controller 37 analyzes and processes the temperature signals: when it is monitored that the outside temperature is too low and the internal temperature of the cabinet does not meet the standard, the preheating component is triggered to start and the electric heater 29 is controlled to work to preheat the air; when it is monitored that the internal temperature of the cabinet is too high or the battery in the charging compartment 4 is locally overheated, the adjustment component is controlled to act to adjust the angle of the flow guide plate 11 and the position of the sealing plate 12 to optimize the air volume and achieve heat dissipation; when it is monitored that the battery in the charging compartment 4 has an abnormal temperature, the controller 37 will control the loudspeaker 39 on one side of the charging cabinet shell 1 to emit an alarm sound, and at the same time output the abnormal information of the battery in the charging compartment 4 to remind the staff to timely investigate and handle, so as to ensure the safety of the equipment and the battery. In addition, the solar panel module 43 at the top of the charging cabinet shell 1 absorbs solar energy during the day, stores the electrical energy through the built-in solar energy storage power supply unit, and provides working electrical energy for the controller 37 and the loudspeaker 39, thereby reducing the dependence on external power supply and reducing energy consumption; the lighting lamp 42 below the solar panel module 43 can be automatically turned on at night or in a dimly lit environment to provide lighting for the staff to maintain the equipment and the user to replace the battery, thereby improving the use convenience.

[0030] The working principle of the electric vehicle charging and replacing cabinet with multiple battery compartments provided by the application is as follows: Firstly, the heat dissipation fan 8 is started to input flowing air into the inside of the heat dissipation channel 2 through the T-shaped air inlet 7. The flowing air contacts and exchanges heat with the outer periphery of the charging compartment 4 when passing through the inside of the heat dissipation channel 2, and most of the air after heat exchange is discharged through the external air outlet 9 to realize preliminary heat dissipation and cooling of the inside of the charging cabinet shell 1. At the same time, part of the air flows to the bottom of the heat dissipation channel 2, is divided into two parts due to the impact of the airflow on the bottom wall, flows into the symmetrically arranged L-shaped flow channel 3, and flows upward along the L-shaped flow channel 3. When the airflow reaches the internal air inlet 5, it enters the charging compartment 4 through the internal air inlet 5 under the guidance of the flow guide plate 11, and flows rapidly along the flow guide air duct between the heat dissipation support strips 27 in the charging compartment 4, directly contacts and exchanges heat with the battery body in the charging compartment 4, and carries away the heat generated during battery charging. The air after heat exchange flows back to the heat dissipation channel 2 through the internal air outlet 6 on the other side of the charging compartment 4, and is discharged through the external air outlet 9 together with the main airflow, forming a double heat exchange cycle of external flow and internal flow, covering all the charging compartments 4 and reducing the heat dissipation blind area. When the outside temperature sensor 38 in the control assembly detects that the outside temperature is lower than the preset value and the inside temperature sensor 1 40 detects that the temperature in the charging compartment 4 is lower than the battery activity threshold value during the winter operation, the controller 37 triggers the winter mode: first, the electric heater 29 is started to heat the air passing through the inside of the T-shaped air inlet 7, so that the air temperature is increased to the range suitable for the internal environment of the cabinet body, then the heated air flows through the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate 30 between the two electric heaters 29, the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate 30 removes the moisture in the air by using its adsorption performance, prevents the condensed water from condensing in the heat dissipation channel 2 or the charging compartment 4 in the low-temperature environment, and causes damage to the electrical components or the battery, finally, the preheated air enters the heat dissipation channel 2 under the drive of the heat dissipation fan 8, so as to heat the internal environment of the charging and battery swapping cabinet shell 1, until the inside temperature sensor 2 41 detects that the temperature in the heat dissipation channel 2 reaches the preset value; Then when the internal temperature of the cabinet body reaches the standard, if the inside temperature sensor 1 40 detects that the battery in a charging compartment 4 is locally overheated due to charging, the controller 37 closes the electric heater 29, and simultaneously starts the adjusting assembly: the output shaft of the adjusting motor 20 drives the double-layer synchronous wheel 17 to rotate, through the synchronous belt 19 sleeved on the outer periphery thereof, the single-layer synchronous wheels 18 on both sides and the adjusting screw rods 44 fixedly connected with the single-layer synchronous wheels 18 are synchronously driven to rotate, the adjusting screw rods 44 are threadedly connected with the adjusting rods 14, the rotating motion is converted into the upward sliding of the adjusting rods 14 along the adjusting sliding rods 13, the adjusting rack 15 on one side of the adjusting rod 14 is in meshing transmission with the adjusting gear 16 at one end of the drainage plate 11, so as to drive the drainage plate 11 to rotate clockwise about the hinge shaft, increase the opening angle of the internal air inlet 5, and improve the air volume entering the charging compartment 4, so as to strengthen the local heat dissipation; At the same time, the adjusting rod 14 drives the transmission rod 25 to move downward synchronously, the transmission gear 24 at the bottom of the transmission rod 25 rolls along the second transmission rack 26 on the inner side wall of the L-shaped shunt channel 3, the transmission gear 24 is in meshing transmission with the first transmission rack 23 on the L-shaped connecting rod 22 at the same time, so as to drive the L-shaped connecting rod 22 to slide along the sealing sliding rod 21 into the heat dissipation channel 2, the L-shaped connecting rod 22 drives the sealing plate 12 fixedly connected with the L-shaped connecting rod 22 to move synchronously, so as to reduce the air outlet area of the external air outlet 9, and reduce the heat loss of the internal environment of the cabinet body, at this time, more heat-exchanged hot air flows into the charging compartment 4 through the drainage plate 11, and the residual heat is used to maintain the temperature of the uncharged battery, so as to realize the balance between heat preservation and local heat dissipation; When the outside temperature sensor 38 detects that the outside temperature is higher than the preset value and the inside temperature sensor 2 41 detects that the temperature in the heat dissipation channel 2 exceeds the heat dissipation threshold value during the summer operation, the controller 37 triggers the summer mode, and the core target is to maximize the heat dissipation efficiency; Firstly, it is ensured that the electric heater 29 does not work, so as to avoid additional heat generation, if the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate 30 does not need to be dehumidified, it can be taken out through the replacement opening 32, so as to reduce the air flow resistance; Then the motor 20 is adjusted to reverse operation, drives the double-layer synchronous wheel 17, the synchronous belt 19, the single-layer synchronous wheel 18 to reverse rotation, further makes the adjusting screw rod 44 reverse rotation, drives the adjusting rod 14 to slide down along the adjusting slide rod 13, the adjusting rack 15 drives the adjusting gear 16 to rotate counterclockwise, the angle of the guide plate 11 is reduced, the air volume entering the charging bin 4 is reduced, and the excessive hot air after heat exchange is avoided from entering the bin; At the same time, the adjusting rod 14 drives the transmission rod 25 to move downwards, the transmission gear 24 rolls reversely along the second transmission rack 26, drives the L-shaped connecting rod 22 to slide along the sealing slide rod 21 to the direction away from the heat dissipation channel 2, further drives the sealing plate 12 to move, increases the air outlet area of the external air outlet 9, so that more air is driven by the heat dissipation fan 8 to flow along the heat dissipation channel 2 quickly and directly discharged through the external air outlet 9, reduces the residence time of the airflow in the cabinet, improves the air exchange efficiency between the inside and outside, quickly takes away the heat of the periphery and the inside of the charging bin 4, and avoids high-temperature heat accumulation.

[0031] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle charging and battery swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments, characterized in that: The application relates to a charging and replacing cabinet shell (1), which is internally provided with a heat dissipation channel (2) in the vertical direction, and is symmetrically provided with an L-shaped shunt channel (3) inside; the heat dissipation channel (2) is communicated with the bottom of the L-shaped shunt channel (3); A plurality of charging compartments (4) are symmetrically and uniformly distributed inside the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1); an internal air inlet (5) is formed in one side of the charging compartment (4) and communicated with the L-shaped shunt channel (3); and an internal air outlet (6) is formed in the other side and communicated with the heat dissipation channel (2); A T-shaped air inlet (7) is fixed to the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1); the bottom of the T-shaped air inlet (7) penetrates through the top wall of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) and enters the heat dissipation channel (2); and a heat dissipation fan (8) is arranged at the bottom. An external air outlet (9) is formed in one side of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) and communicated with the bottom of the heat dissipation channel (2); a heat insulation groove (10) is formed in the top; and the T-shaped air inlet (7) is embedded in the heat insulation groove (10). A drainage plate (11) is symmetrically hinged in the internal air inlet (5); and a sealing plate (12) is arranged on the inner side of the external air outlet (9). An adjusting assembly is arranged inside the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1); a preheating assembly is arranged inside the T-shaped air inlet (7); and a control assembly is arranged at one end of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1). 2.The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting sliding rod (13) fixedly connected inside the L-shaped shunt channel (3); one end of the adjusting sliding rod (13) is slidingly connected with an adjusting rod (14); a plurality of adjusting racks (15) are fixedly connected to one side of the adjusting rod (14) along the length direction; one end of the drainage plate (11) is fixedly connected with an adjusting gear (16); and the adjusting gear (16) is in mesh transmission with the adjusting racks (15). 3.The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments of claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly further comprises a double-layer synchronous wheel (17) rotatably connected to the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) through a bearing; an adjusting screw rod (44) is rotatably connected inside the L-shaped shunt channel (3) through a bearing; one end of the adjusting screw rod (44) is threadedly connected with the adjusting rod (14); the top end of the adjusting screw rod (44) penetrates through the top wall of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) and is fixedly connected with a single-layer synchronous wheel (18); a pair of synchronous belts (19) are sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-layer synchronous wheel (17); the other ends of the two synchronous belts (19) are respectively sleeved on the outer periphery of the two single-layer synchronous wheels (18); an adjusting motor (20) is fixedly connected to the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) through bolts; and the output end of the adjusting motor (20) is fixedly connected with the central shaft of the double-layer synchronous wheel (17).

4. The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly further comprises sealing sliding rods (21) symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the L-shaped shunt channel (3); one end of the two sealing sliding rods (21) is slidingly connected with an L-shaped connecting rod (22) through a sliding block; one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (22) extends into the inside of the heat dissipation channel (2) and is fixedly connected with the sealing plate (12); the other end of the L-shaped connecting rod (22) is fixedly connected with a first transmission rack (23); and one side of the first transmission rack (23) is in mesh transmission with a transmission gear (24).

5. The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting assembly further comprises a transmission rod (25) fixedly connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod (14), the bottom of the transmission rod (25) is rotatably connected with the transmission gear (24) through a bearing, and the inner side wall of the L-shaped shunt passage (3) is fixedly connected with a second transmission rack (26) which is in meshing transmission with the transmission gear (24).

6. The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner bottom of the charging bin (4) is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation support strips (27), and a flow guide air duct is formed between any two adjacent heat dissipation support strips (27), the flow guide air duct is in communication with the internal air inlet (5) and the internal air outlet (6), and the outer side wall of the charging bin (4) close to the heat dissipation passage (2) is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of heat dissipation fins (28) along the length direction of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1).

7. The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating assembly comprises electric heaters (29) fixedly connected to the inner top of the T-shaped air inlet (7) in a symmetrical manner, the inner top of the T-shaped air inlet (7) is detachably provided with a moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate (30), the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate (30) is installed between the two electric heaters (29), and the inner bottom of the T-shaped air inlet (7) is fixedly connected with water-blocking plates (31) in a symmetrical manner. 8.The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments of claim 7, wherein: A material replacing opening (32) is formed in the top of the T-shaped air inlet (7), a material replacing cover plate (33) is hingedly connected inside the material replacing opening (32), a top air vent (34) is formed in the top of the material replacing cover plate (33), a filter screen (35) is fixedly connected inside the top air vent (34), plug-in grooves (45) are symmetrically formed in the bottom of the material replacing cover plate (33), both ends of the moisture-absorbing resin multi-tooth plate (30) are correspondingly inserted into the plug-in grooves (45), a tension spring (36) is hooked to the bottom of the material replacing cover plate (33), and the other end of the tension spring (36) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the T-shaped air inlet (7). 9.The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments of claim 1, wherein: The control assembly comprises a controller (37) fixedly connected to one side of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) through bolts, an external temperature sensor (38) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1), a loudspeaker (39) is fixedly connected to one side of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1), an internal temperature sensor one (40) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the charging bin (4), an internal temperature sensor two (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heat dissipation passage (2), and the controller (37) is electrically connected with the external temperature sensor (38), the loudspeaker (39), the internal temperature sensor one (40) and the internal temperature sensor two (41) respectively.

10. The electric vehicle charging and swapping cabinet with multiple battery compartments according to claim 1, characterized in that: An illuminating lamp (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1), a solar panel module (43) is fixedly connected to the top of the charging and replacing cabinet shell (1) through a support, the illuminating lamp (42) is located below the solar panel module (43), and the solar panel module (43) is internally provided with a solar energy storage power supply unit.

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