A technical method for improving the protection function of artificial kandelia candel forest

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of technical methods for improving the protection function of artificial kandelia candel forest, and relates to the field of mangrove ecological restoration.The method includes four core steps of planting area environment survey and stress resistance index determination, stress resistance seedling directional cultivation, stress resistance protection and planting in early stage, and later maintenance and protection function strengthening.Through environment survey to define targeted stress resistance index, adopt mother tree directional screening, embryo axis gradient domestication and special substrate to cultivate stress resistance seedling, combined with water-retaining agent root dipping, degradable non-woven fabric covering and other transplanting protection measures, with precise maintenance and dynamic monitoring.The application defines stress resistance index through planting area environment survey, combined with mother tree directional screening and embryo axis gradient domestication, so that the stress resistance characteristics of seedling are highly adapted to the environment of planting area, and the stability of forest stand is ensured from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogeology and water resources investigation and evaluation. Specifically, it relates to a technical method for improving the protective function of artificial Kandelia candel forests. Background Technology

[0002] Kandelia obovata, a dominant mangrove species along the southeastern coast of China, possesses strong salt and flood tolerance. Its extensive root system and dense canopy effectively reduce wave energy, stabilize tidal flat soil, and resist storm surge erosion. It also purifies seawater and provides habitats for marine life, playing an irreplaceable role in coastal ecological protection. With increasing coastal development and frequent extreme weather events caused by global climate change, natural Kandelia obovata forest resources have been damaged to varying degrees. Artificial creation of Kandelia obovata forests has become an important means of restoring coastal ecosystems and strengthening protective barriers.

[0003] However, there are many problems in the current establishment and management of artificial Kandelia candel forests, resulting in their protective function falling far short of the level of natural forests. The core problems are concentrated in the seedling cultivation and early transplant management stages:

[0004] First, the seedlings have poor stress resistance and adaptability. Traditional seedling cultivation only uses extensive screening of hypocotyls and does not target the differentiated environment of specific planting areas to strengthen stress resistance characteristics. As a result, the seedlings are not adaptable to the local environment after transplanting, and their growth is uneven, making it difficult to quickly form a stable protective structure.

[0005] Secondly, there is a lack of stress protection in the early stage of transplanting. Current technology only involves watering the seedlings after transplanting to help them settle down, without any targeted stress protection measures. The first three months after transplanting are the high-risk period for wind and wave erosion, salt damage and other risks, which can easily lead to seedling lodging, wilting and low survival rate, thus affecting the continuity of the forest stand and the protective effect.

[0006] In the existing technology, most studies on the cultivation of artificial Kandelia candel forests focus on conventional seedling raising or single-density planting, and have not formed effective technical solutions for the core pain points of targeted cultivation of seedlings with stress resistance and protection in the early stage of transplanting. In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A technical method for improving the protective function of planted Kandelia candel forests includes the following steps:

[0009] Step S1: Environmental survey of the planting area and determination of stress resistance indicators;

[0010] Step S2: Targeted cultivation of stress-resistant seedlings;

[0011] Step S3: Initial stress protection and planting during transplanting;

[0012] Step S4: Post-maintenance and protection enhancement.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, environmental factor monitoring adopts a 50m×50m grid layout of monitoring points, with a monitoring cycle of no less than 7 days. The monitoring indicators include seawater and 0-30cm soil salinity, 0-30cm silt layer dissolved oxygen content, soil organic matter content, pH value, tidal inundation duration, and historical wind and wave levels.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stress resistance index in step S1 is defined according to the planting area type: in high-salt areas, the soil salinity is ≥30‰, corresponding to a seedling root salt tolerance threshold of ≥35‰; in low-oxygen areas, the dissolved oxygen in the silt is ≤2mg / L, corresponding to a seedling root oxygen secretion rate of ≥0.5μmol / (g·h); in areas with frequent wind and waves, the annual maximum wind force is ≥8, corresponding to a seedling diameter of ≥0.8cm and a taproot length of ≥30cm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the selection criteria for stress-resistant mother trees in step S2 are: tree age > 10 years, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, and consistent with the environmental type of the planting area; the collected viviparous hypocotyls must be 15-25cm in length, 0.8-1.2cm in diameter, bright in color, and undamaged.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hypocotyl gradient acclimatization in step S2 is specifically as follows: high salinity acclimatization uses a saline gradient of 15‰→25‰→35‰, with each gradient acclimatization lasting 7 days and water changed daily; low oxygen acclimatization uses a dissolved oxygen gradient of 5mg / L→3mg / L→2mg / L, with each gradient acclimatization lasting 10 days; and lodging resistance acclimatization uses simulated wind erosion at levels 3-4, lasting 2-3 hours daily.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, the seedling substrate is prepared by mixing tidal flat silt, decomposed mangrove leaves, river sand and stress-resistant amendment in a volume ratio of 5:3:2:0.5. The decomposed mangrove leaves are sterilized at a high temperature of 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours. The amendment for high-salt areas is 0.3% seaweed extract, for low-oxygen areas it is 0.2% humic acid, and for lodging-resistant areas it is 0.1% silicon fertilizer.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seedling stress resistance pretreatment in step S3 is as follows: one day before transplanting, the roots are soaked in a 2%-3% modified polyacrylamide solution for 2-3 hours; in areas prone to wind and waves, an additional 0.5% paclobutrazol solution is sprayed, with a spraying amount of 10-15 mL per plant.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the planting holes are 30-40cm deep and 20-25cm in diameter. In the high-salt area, 5cm of shell powder is laid at the bottom of the hole, and in the low-oxygen area, 5cm of chopped straw is laid. In the area prone to wind and waves, 100g of decomposed shrimp and crab shell powder is added. The planting spacing is 0.5m×1.0m in the core area, 1.0m×1.0m in the transition area, and 1.0m×1.5m in the buffer zone.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, after transplanting, the plant is covered with a biodegradable polylactic acid nonwoven fabric with a radius of 30cm and a thickness of 5-8cm, and the edges are compacted with silt; in areas prone to wind and waves, a 40-50cm high bamboo triangular support frame is added.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, precise water and fertilizer management involves maintaining soil moisture content at 50%-80% for the first 3 months after transplanting, and applying 0.5-1.0 kg / plant of organic fertilizer once a year in April-May; stand optimization involves thinning 10%-15% of weak plants every winter and replanting with stress-resistant seedlings of the same specifications; monitoring growth indicators every quarter, and monitoring wave reduction rate and soil erosion resistance before and after typhoon season.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] 1. By defining stress resistance indicators through environmental surveys of the planting area, and combining targeted screening of mother trees and gradient acclimatization of hypocotyls, the stress resistance characteristics of seedlings are highly adapted to the environment of the planting area, thus ensuring the stability of the forest stand from the source.

[0024] 2. The use of modified polyacrylamide water-retaining agent for root dipping combined with biodegradable non-woven fabric covering effectively reduces wind and wave erosion and water loss in the first 3 months after seedling transplantation. Combined with special improvements to planting holes, this reduces the lodging rate of seedlings and accelerates the formation of forest stands.

[0025] 3. The seedlings cultivated in a targeted manner grow vigorously with well-developed root systems. Combined with subsequent structural optimization and precise maintenance, the use of biodegradable non-woven fabrics and other materials avoids environmental pollution, balancing ecological and protective benefits. Differentiated technical solutions are designed for different environmental types, which can be adapted to various coastal and tidal flat environments such as high salinity, low oxygen, and high wind and wave activity. Moreover, the technical processes at each stage are clear, the required materials are readily available, and it is easy to promote and apply on a large scale.

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0027] In the attached diagram:

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart of a technical method for improving the protective function of planted Kandelia candel forests. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention.

[0030] Example:

[0031] A technical method for improving the protective function of planted Kandelia candel forests includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Environmental survey and determination of stress resistance indicators in the planting area

[0033] 1. Environmental Factor Monitoring: Within the planned planting area, monitoring points were set up in a 50m×50m grid to measure key environmental factors: the salinity of seawater and the 0-30cm soil layer was monitored for 7 consecutive days using a salinity meter, and the daily average value was recorded; the dissolved oxygen content of the silt layer (0-30cm) was measured using a portable dissolved oxygen meter; the soil organic matter content and pH value were measured using a soil analyzer; and the duration of tidal inundation and historical wind and wave levels in the area were recorded.

[0034] 2. Defining stress resistance indicators: Based on monitoring results, planting areas are classified, and corresponding core stress resistance indicators for seedlings are determined: In high-salt areas (soil salinity ≥30‰), the focus is on strengthening salt tolerance, requiring the seedling root salt tolerance threshold to be ≥35‰; in low-oxygen areas (dissolved oxygen in silt ≤2mg / L), the focus is on strengthening low-oxygen tolerance, requiring the seedling root oxygen secretion rate to be ≥0.5μmol / (g·h); in areas prone to wind and waves (annual maximum wind force ≥8), the focus is on strengthening lodging resistance, requiring the seedling diameter to be ≥0.8cm and the taproot length to be ≥30cm.

[0035] Step Two: Targeted Cultivation of Stress-Resistant Seedlings

[0036] 1. Selection of Resilient Mother Trees and Collection of Hypocotyls: Select natural Kandelia candel forests with environments similar to the planting area, and select mother trees that are >10 years old, vigorous, free from pests and diseases, and meet the corresponding resistance characteristics (e.g., in high-salt areas, select dominant mother trees that have grown in high-salt environments for a long time). Collect mature viviparous hypocotyls, and select healthy hypocotyls that are 15-25cm in length, 0.8-1.2cm in diameter, bright in color, and undamaged.

[0037] 2. Hypocotyl acclimatization treatment: Based on the stress resistance requirements of the planting area, hypocotyls were subjected to gradient stress acclimatization: High-salt acclimatization group: Hypocotyls were placed in a saline environment with a salinity gradient of 15‰→25‰→35‰, with each gradient lasting 7 days and the saline solution being changed daily; Low-oxygen acclimatization group: The roots of hypocotyls were placed in a simulated silt solution with a dissolved oxygen gradient of 5mg / L→3mg / L→2mg / L, with each gradient lasting 10 days and continuous aeration and oxygen control; Lodging resistance acclimatization group: After sowing, hypocotyls were periodically subjected to mild mechanical disturbance (such as simulated wind erosion at wind speeds of 3-4) to promote stem lignification and deep root development. Wilted and rotten hypocotyls were removed during the acclimatization process.

[0038] 3. Seedling substrate preparation and sowing management: The seedling substrate is prepared using a volume ratio of tidal flat silt, decomposed mangrove leaves, river sand, and stress-resistance improver in a ratio of 5:3:2:0.5. For high-salt areas, 0.3% seaweed extract is added as a salt-tolerance improver; for low-oxygen areas, 0.2% humic acid is added as a low-oxygen-tolerance improver; and for lodging-resistant areas, 0.1% silicon fertilizer is added as a lodging-resistant improver. The decomposed mangrove leaves need to be sterilized at 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours beforehand. The substrate is filled into biodegradable non-woven fabric containers, and the acclimated hypocotyls are inserted into the substrate to a depth of 1 / 3-1 / 2 of their length. After sowing, a shade structure is erected (shading rate 60%-70%) to maintain the substrate moisture content at 60%-70%. A 0.2%-0.3% compound fertilizer solution (nitrogen:phosphorus:potassium = 3:1:2) is sprayed every 15 days. Once the seedlings reach a height of 25-35cm and meet the corresponding stress resistance indicators, they can be transplanted.

[0039] Step 3: Stress Protection and Planting in the Early Stage of Transplanting

[0040] 1. Seedling stress resistance pretreatment: One day before transplanting, the seedlings are given a special stress resistance treatment: the roots of the seedlings are soaked in a water-retaining agent solution for Kandelia candel for 2-3 hours. The water-retaining agent is a modified polyacrylamide with a solution concentration of 2%-3%. For seedlings in areas prone to wind and waves, an additional 0.5% paclobutrazol solution is sprayed to promote thicker stems.

[0041] 2. Optimization of Planting Holes: Planting should be carried out after the tide recedes and when the mudflats are exposed. Dig planting holes according to the preset plant spacing (0.5m × 1.0m in the core protection zone, 1.0m × 1.0m in the transition zone, and 1.0m × 1.5m in the buffer zone), with a hole depth of 30-40cm and a diameter of 20-25cm. In high-salt areas, lay a 5cm thick layer of shell powder at the bottom of the planting hole (to regulate soil osmotic pressure); in low-oxygen areas, lay a 5cm thick layer of chopped straw for aeration (to improve root permeability); in areas prone to strong winds and waves, add 100g of decomposed shrimp and crab shell powder to the bottom of the planting hole (to promote root development).

[0042] 3. Transplanting and Initial Protection: Transplant the pre-treated seedlings with their root balls (15-20cm in diameter) into the planting holes, compact the soil, and water thoroughly. After transplanting, cover the base of the seedlings with a 30cm radius and a 5-8cm thick layer of biodegradable non-woven fabric (made of polylactic acid, with a degradation period of 6-12 months). Secure the edges of the non-woven fabric with tidal flat silt to retain moisture, prevent erosion, and suppress weed growth. In areas prone to strong winds and waves, additionally install triangular support frames (made of bamboo, 40-50cm high) on the outside of the seedlings to reduce the risk of lodging caused by wind and waves.

[0043] Step Four: Post-treatment maintenance and enhanced protection

[0044] 1. Precise water and fertilizer management: During the first 3 months after transplanting (critical protection period), check every 7-10 days. If the soil moisture content inside the non-woven fabric is below 50%, replenish with fresh water promptly. After the seedlings have recovered, apply organic fertilizer (a mixture of well-rotted poultry and livestock manure and mangrove fallen leaves) once a year in April-May, at a rate of 0.5-1.0 kg per plant, applied in a trench dug 20 cm outside the root system.

[0045] 2. Stand structure optimization: Starting from the second year after transplanting, thinning and pruning should be carried out on the stand every winter, with the thinning intensity controlled at 10%-15%. Weak and diseased plants should be removed; diseased and weak branches and crossing branches should be pruned to maintain canopy ventilation and light penetration. For areas with broken growth zones, timely replanting of stress-resistant seedlings of the same specifications should be carried out to ensure stand continuity.

[0046] Protective function monitoring: Seedling survival rate, plant height, diameter at breast height, and other growth indicators are monitored quarterly; stand wave reduction rate (using a wave meter) and soil erosion resistance (using a shear strength meter) are measured before and after the typhoon season each year. Based on the monitoring results, if the growth indicators are lower than the preset values, water and fertilizer are adjusted in a timely manner or corresponding stress-resistance improvers are applied.

[0047] Experimental Example 1: Application of Artificial Kandelia candel Forest in Yueqing Bay, Wenzhou City to Enhance Protective Function

[0048] 1. Overview of the experimental area

[0049] The experimental area is located on the coastal mudflats of Yueqing Bay in Wenzhou City, with a total area of ​​30 hm². It is divided into three sub-zones (high salinity zone, low oxygen zone, and high wind and wave zone) based on environmental characteristics. Each sub-zone has an area of ​​10 hm². The specific environmental parameters are as follows.

[0050] high salinity area 32-38 3.5-4.2 6-7 6-8 1.8-2.5 7.8-8.2 hypoxic zone 15-22 1.2-1.8 5-6 8-10 3.2-4.0 7.5-7.9 High-risk areas 18-25 2.8-3.5 9-10 5-7 2.0-2.8 7.6-8.0

[0051] The experiment lasted for 2 years. The traditional Kandelia candel planting method was used as the control group (without stress-resistant directional cultivation, planting hole improvement and subsequent precise maintenance), while the method of this invention was used as the experimental group. The area of ​​each sub-region experimental group and control group was 5 hm², and the artificial Kandelia candel seedling transplanting mode was uniformly adopted.

[0052] 2. Experimental Materials and Parameter Configuration

[0053] Resilient mother trees The tree is 10 years old, growing vigorously, and adapted to high-salt environments. The tree is 12 years old, growing vigorously, and adapted to low-oxygen environments. The tree is 15 years old, growing vigorously, and adapted to windy and wave-prone environments. viviparous embryonic axis Length 18-22cm, diameter 0.9-1.1cm Length 16-20cm, diameter 0.8-1.0cm Length 20-25cm, diameter 1.0-1.2cm Seedling substrate Tidal flat silt: decomposed fallen leaves: river sand: 0.3% seaweed extract = 5:3:2:0.5 Muddy silt: decomposed fallen leaves: river sand: 0.2% humic acid = 5:3:2:0.5 Tidal flat silt : decomposed fallen leaves : river sand : 0.1% silicon fertilizer = 5 : 3 : 2 : 0.5 Hypocotyl domestication A saline gradient of 15‰ → 25‰ → 35‰, with each gradient lasting 7 days. Dissolved oxygen gradient from 5 mg / L to 3 mg / L to 2 mg / L, with each gradient lasting 10 days. Simulated wind erosion at level 3-4, 2.5 hours per day. Planting hole The hole is 35cm deep and 22cm in diameter, with a 5cm layer of shell powder at the bottom. The hole should be 40cm deep and 25cm in diameter, with a 5cm layer of chopped straw at the bottom. The hole is 38cm deep and 24cm in diameter, with 100g of fermented shrimp and crab shell powder added to the bottom. Seedling pretreatment Dip roots in a 2.5% modified polyacrylamide solution for 3 hours. Dip roots in a 2% modified polyacrylamide solution for 2.5 hours. Dip the roots in a 3% modified polyacrylamide solution for 3 hours, then spray with 12 mL of a 0.5% paclobutrazol solution per plant. Coverage and support Polylactic acid nonwoven fabric (radius 30cm, thickness 6cm) Polylactic acid nonwoven fabric (radius 30cm, thickness 7cm) Polylactic acid nonwoven fabric + 45cm high bamboo triangular support frame Plant spacing Core area: 0.8m × 1.0m; Transition area: 1.0m × 1.2m; Buffer zone: 1.2m × 1.5m Tongzuo Tongzuo Water and fertilizer management Three months after transplanting, the soil moisture content should be 50%-70%. Apply 0.8 kg / plant of organic fertilizer in March and October each year. Three months after transplanting, the soil moisture content should be 60%-70%. Apply 0.6 kg / plant of organic fertilizer in April and September each year. Three months after transplanting, the soil moisture content should be 55%-65%. Apply 1.0 kg / plant of organic fertilizer in March and September each year.

[0054] 3. Experimental Procedures and Results

[0055] (1) Results of stress-resistant seedling cultivation

[0056] The experimental group completed mother tree selection, hypocotyl gradient acclimatization, and seedling cultivation according to step S2. The seedling growth indicators after 3 months of cultivation are shown in the table below:

[0057] Earth diameter (cm) 0.92±0.05 0.88±0.04 1.05±0.06 0.65±0.07 Main root length (cm) 32.5±2.1 31.8±1.8 35.2±2.3 22.3±2.5 Root salt tolerance threshold (‰) 36.8±1.2 - - 28.5±1.5 Root oxygen secretion rate (μmol / (g・h)) - 0.58±0.04 - 0.32±0.05 Survival rate (%) 96.8 95.5 94.2 78.3

[0058] (2) Monitoring results of growth and protective function after transplanting

[0059] The experiment lasted for two years, with growth and protective function indicators monitored at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after transplanting. The key results are shown in the table below:

[0060] 6 months after transplanting Plant height (cm) 85.6±6.2 82.3±5.8 78.5±5.5 56.8±7.1 Lodging rate (%) 3.2 2.8 4.5 18.6 1 year after transplanting Plant height (cm) 158.4±8.5 152.6±7.9 145.8±8.2 102.5±9.3 Crown width (m²) 0.82±0.12 0.78±0.10 0.75±0.11 0.45±0.13 Soil erosion resistance (kPa) 18.5±1.2 17.8±1.1 22.3±1.5 12.6±1.3 2 years after transplanting Plant height (cm) 235.7±10.3 228.5±9.8 216.3±10.5 158.2±11.2 Diameter at breast height (cm) 2.85±0.15 2.72±0.13 3.02±0.16 1.85±0.18 Wave reduction rate (%) 42.6±3.1 40.8±2.8 48.5±3.5 25.3±3.2 Forest stand survival rate (%) 92.3 90.8 88.5 65.7 Soil salinity reduction (‰) 8.6 - - 3.2 Increase in soil dissolved oxygen (mg / L) - 0.9 - 0.3

[0061] Experiment Example 2: Comparative Experiment of Different Planting Techniques

[0062] A 1hm² plot of land in a high-wind-and-wave-prone area of ​​Yueqing Bay was selected for three comparative experiments (only one technical aspect was changed), with all other conditions remaining the same as the experimental group. Key indicators were monitored after two years.

[0063] experimental group Complete technical solution 216.3±10.5 3.02±0.16 4.5 48.5±3.5 Comparison Group 1 No-hypothecary gradient acclimatization 182.5±9.8 2.45±0.14 12.3 36.2±2.8 Comparison Group 2 Improvement of planting pits 195.8±10.2 2.68±0.15 9.8 39.6±3.0 Comparison Group 3 No post-treatment precision maintenance 178.6±9.5 2.32±0.13 15.6 34.8±2.7

[0064] Through stress-resistant directional cultivation, the experimental group showed a more than 35% increase in key indicators such as seedling diameter and taproot length compared to the control group, and a 23%-28% increase in transplant survival rate.

[0065] Two years after transplanting, the plant height and diameter at breast height in the experimental group increased by 36%-49% compared with the control group. The lodging rate in areas prone to wind and waves decreased from 18.6% to 4.5%, and the wave reduction rate increased from 25.3% to 48.5%.

[0066] Differentiated technical solutions are adapted to different environmental types, reducing soil salinity by 8.6‰ in high-salt areas and increasing dissolved oxygen in low-oxygen areas by 0.9 mg / L, with protective functions and ecological benefits significantly superior to traditional methods;

[0067] The absence of a single technical link can lead to a 15%-30% decrease in protective function, which verifies the necessity of the whole process technical system of this invention, from targeted cultivation to transplant protection and then to post-maintenance.

Claims

1. A technical method for improving the protective function of artificial Kandelia candel forests, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Environmental survey of the planting area and determination of stress resistance indicators; Step S2: Targeted cultivation of stress-resistant seedlings. The hypocotyl gradient acclimatization is as follows: high-salt acclimatization uses a saline gradient of 15‰→25‰→35‰, with each gradient acclimatization lasting 7 days and water changed daily; low-oxygen acclimatization uses a dissolved oxygen gradient of 5mg / L→3mg / L→2mg / L, with each gradient acclimatization lasting 10 days; lodging resistance acclimatization uses simulated wind erosion at levels 3-4, continuously for 2-3 hours daily. The seedling substrate is prepared by mixing tidal flat silt, decomposed mangrove leaves, river sand, and stress-resistant amendment in a volume ratio of 5:3:2:0.

5. The decomposed mangrove leaves are sterilized at 60-70℃ for 2-3 hours; the amendment in the high-salt area is 0.3% seaweed extract, in the low-oxygen area it is 0.2% humic acid, and in the lodging resistance area it is 0.1% silicon fertilizer. Step S3: Initial stress protection and planting during transplanting; seedling stress pretreatment: one day before transplanting, soak the roots in a 2%-3% modified polyacrylamide solution for 2-3 hours; in areas prone to wind and waves, additionally spray with a 0.5% paclobutrazol solution, at a rate of 10-15 mL per plant; planting holes should be 30-40 cm deep and 20-25 cm in diameter, with a 5 cm layer of shell powder at the bottom in high-salt areas and a 5 cm layer of chopped straw in low-oxygen areas, and 100 g of decomposed shrimp and crab shell powder added in areas prone to wind and waves; planting spacing should be 0.5 m × 1.0 m in the core area, 1.0 m × 1.0 m in the transition area, and 1.0 m × 1.5 m in the buffer zone; Step S4: Post-transplant maintenance and protection enhancement, specifically including precise water and fertilizer management. Precise water and fertilizer management involves maintaining soil moisture content at 50%-80% for the first 3 months after transplanting, and applying 0.5-1.0 kg / tree of organic fertilizer each year in March-April and September-October. Stand optimization involves thinning 10%-15% of weak trees each winter and replanting with stress-resistant seedlings of the same specifications. Growth indicators are monitored quarterly, and wave reduction rate and soil erosion resistance are monitored before and after typhoon season.

2. The technical method for improving the protective function of artificial Kandelia candel forests according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, environmental factor monitoring is conducted by setting up monitoring points in a 50m×50m grid, with a monitoring cycle of no less than 7 days. The monitoring indicators include seawater and 0-30cm soil salinity, dissolved oxygen content in the 0-30cm silt layer, soil organic matter content, pH value, tidal inundation duration, and historical wind and wave levels.

3. The technical method for improving the protective function of artificial Kandelia candel forests according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the stress resistance index is defined according to the planting area type: in high-salt areas, the soil salinity is ≥30‰, and the corresponding seedling root salt tolerance threshold is ≥35‰; in low-oxygen areas, the dissolved oxygen in the silt is ≤2mg / L, and the corresponding seedling root oxygen secretion rate is ≥0.5μmol / (g·h); in areas with high wind and wave incidence, the annual maximum wind force is ≥8, and the corresponding seedling diameter is ≥0.8cm and the taproot length is ≥30cm.

4. The technical method for improving the protective function of artificial Kandelia candel forests according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the selection criteria for stress-resistant mother trees are: tree age > 10 years, vigorous growth, free from pests and diseases, and consistent with the environmental type of the planting area. The collected viviparous hypocotyls must be 15-25cm in length, 0.8-1.2cm in diameter, bright in color, and undamaged.

5. The technical method for improving the protective function of artificial Kandelia candel forests according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, after transplanting, the plant should be covered with polylactic acid biodegradable non-woven fabric with a radius of 30cm and a thickness of 5-8cm, and the edges should be compacted with silt. In areas prone to wind and waves, a 40-50cm high bamboo triangular support frame should be added.

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