A shunt for hydrocephalus

Abstract

This invention provides a device for puncturing and implanting a peritoneal shunt tube in hydrocephalus, relating to the field of medical device technology. The device has a puncture head connected to a channel tube, a first guiding magnetic block at the bottom of a magnetic guidance box, and a first magnetic block at the top of the puncture head. In use, the puncture head is placed within the patient's subcutaneous tissue, with the magnetic guidance box close to the patient's skin. The first guiding magnetic block of the magnetic guidance box and the first magnetic block at the top of the puncture head fixing tube form a strong magnetic attraction. The advantages of this invention are: when in use, the device moves the first guiding magnetic block along a predetermined trajectory, guiding the puncture head along a predetermined direction within the magnetic guidance box. This solves the problem of difficulty in controlling the puncture direction in existing puncture devices. Furthermore, the device drives the puncture head through magnetic attraction guidance, and the channel tube can be made of a relatively soft, medium-hard material, avoiding the problem of rigid channel tubes being difficult to bend, thus improving the flexibility of the puncture path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical surgical device technology, specifically to a device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrocephalus is a common neurosurgical condition. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VBS) is a classic surgical procedure for treating hydrocephalus. Its core components include: puncturing the ventricle at the ventricle of the VBS shunt; precisely tunneling the peritoneal end of the VBS through a subcutaneous tunnel to the peritoneal incision; and finally, placing the peritoneal end into the peritoneal cavity. Through these procedures, a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage pathway is established within the patient's body. This involves implanting the shunt subcutaneously, with one end extending into the ventricle and the other into the peritoneum, thus preventing shunt exposure and reducing the risk of infection. Currently, most clinically used VBS shunt insertion devices rely on manual manipulation by the surgeon. (Reference...) Figure 10 Traditional shunt insertion devices consist of a metal subcutaneous tunneling rod (the rod needs to be flexible and adjustable to conform to the body's contours and allow for thrust application from the end). A sealing rod is installed inside the rod, with a sealing head at the end (the sealing head is used to seal the puncture end of the rod, making it blunt). During use, the patient holds the tail end of the rod and inserts the insertion end into the surgical incision in the patient's head. The direction of the puncture end is precisely controlled, allowing the entire rod to puncture through the subcutaneous tissue to the abdominal incision. The sealing rod is then withdrawn, and the shunt tube is inserted along the rod. After the shunt tube has passed through the rod, the rod is withdrawn again, completing the shunt insertion process. Depending on the surgeon's preference, insertion can also be performed from the abdominal incision towards the head incision.

[0003] Existing abdominal shunt tube puncture and installation devices have the following significant technical defects:

[0004] Low precision of puncture path: The puncture rod of the traditional abdominal shunt puncture and installation device needs to be very stiff so that the operator can apply a pushing force from the tail end to advance the puncture end in the subcutaneous tissue. The high stiffness of the rod is difficult to bend in the patient's body to conform to different curvatures and angles, making it difficult to control the puncture direction. This process requires a high level of experience and surgical skills from the operator (doctor), often taking a lot of time. In some areas, the rod is difficult to pass through, and it is necessary to increase the skin incision to make a relay, which increases the risk of infection and may even lead to surgical failure, adding more pain to the patient.

[0005] Difficulty in controlling puncture angle and depth: During the puncture process, the tube needs to pass through the subcutaneous tissue. The puncture angle at the tip of the tube is difficult to adjust, which makes it difficult to control the puncture depth. If the puncture depth is too deep, the end of the tube may insert into the patient's chest cavity and damage the patient's internal organs. If the puncture depth is too shallow, the tube may puncture the patient's skin during the puncture process, causing additional wounds and increasing the risk of infection.

[0006] Low efficiency of shunt tube placement: After successful puncture, the shunt tube needs to be manually pushed through the subcutaneous tube into the abdominal cavity. Since the tube has a certain degree of curvature, if the inner surface is not smooth or deformed, it will generate certain resistance. The soft shunt tube will be difficult to pass through the tube during the pushing process. This process is difficult, requires repeated adjustments, prolongs the operation time, and increases the uncertainty and risk of the operation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a device for puncturing and implanting a peritoneal shunt tube in hydrocephalus, which can solve the core problems of large deviation of the puncture path, difficulty in controlling the angle and depth, and reliance on experience in the traditional peritoneal shunt tube puncture procedure, thereby improving the success rate of shunt tube puncture and placement surgery and reducing surgical risks.

[0008] The present invention provides a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device, comprising a magnetic guidance box, a puncture head, and a channel tube;

[0009] The puncture head includes a fixed tube body, with a connecting end and a forward end at both ends of the fixed tube body; a first magnetic block is provided at the top of the fixed tube body.

[0010] A rotating sleeve is fixedly provided at the forward end of the fixed tube body, a rotating guide block is rotatably provided inside the end of the rotating sleeve, a forward blade is provided at the end of the rotating guide block, and a rotating drive mechanism for driving the rotating guide block to rotate is provided inside the fixed tube body.

[0011] The channel tube is equipped with a traction rope, and both the channel tube and the traction rope are connected to the connecting end of the fixed tube body. The traction rope extends out of the channel tube. The traction rope is used to pull the diversion tube to move within the channel tube.

[0012] The magnetic guiding box includes a box body, and a first guiding magnetic block is embedded in the bottom of the box body. The first guiding magnetic block is used to attract the first magnetic block, thereby guiding the puncture head to move along the moving direction of the magnetic guiding box.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotating sleeve is a spherical sleeve, with a front opening and a rear opening at both ends, and the rotating guide block is a spherical block, with both the front and rear parts of the spherical block extending out of the rotating sleeve, and the forward cutting edge is fixed to the front part of the spherical block.

[0014] Furthermore, a limiting plate is provided inside the fixed tube, and a strip-shaped limiting groove is provided on the limiting plate. A limiting rod is fixedly provided at the rear of the spherical block, and the limiting rod passes through the limiting groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotation drive mechanism includes an outer magnetic coupling column, an inner magnetic coupling column, a telescopic threaded column, a fixed sleeve, and a threaded sleeve. The outer magnetic coupling column is rotatably disposed within the magnetic guide box, and the inner magnetic coupling column is rotatably disposed within the fixed sleeve. Both the fixed sleeve and the threaded sleeve are fixed within the fixed tube body. The inner magnetic coupling column is rotatably disposed within the fixed sleeve. The telescopic threaded column is threadedly connected within the threaded sleeve. The end of the telescopic threaded column is connected to the limiting rod through a transmission mechanism. The outer magnetic coupling column is used to drive the inner magnetic coupling column to rotate through magnetic coupling, thereby driving the telescopic threaded column to rotate within the threaded sleeve. This, in turn, drives the limiting rod to swing along the limiting groove through the transmission mechanism, causing the rotation guide block to rotate within the rotating sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the magnetic guide box is provided with a rotating mounting groove, and the outer magnetic coupling column is rotatably mounted in the rotating mounting groove. The magnetic guide box is also provided with a drive motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the outer magnetic coupling column, and the drive motor is used to drive the outer magnetic coupling column to rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner magnetic coupling column and the telescopic threaded column are coaxially arranged. A rotation drive block is fixedly provided at the end edge of the inner magnetic coupling column, and a rotation follower block is provided at the end of the telescopic threaded column. The distance between the rotation drive block and the axis of the inner magnetic coupling column is equal to the distance between the rotation follower block and the axis of the telescopic threaded column. When the inner magnetic coupling column rotates, the rotation drive block pushes the rotation follower block, causing the telescopic threaded column to rotate inside the threaded sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a rotating connecting sleeve, a telescopic connecting rod, and a sliding block. The rotating connecting sleeve is fixed to the end of the telescopic threaded column, and the end of the telescopic connecting rod is rotatably limited within the rotating connecting sleeve.

[0019] The sliding block is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting rod. The sliding block is provided with a through oblique sliding groove. The end of the telescopic connecting rod is provided with a sliding protrusion. The sliding protrusion is slidably limited within the oblique sliding groove.

[0020] Furthermore, a cylindrical rotation limiting groove is provided in the middle of the inner wall of the rotating connecting sleeve. The diameter of the rotation limiting groove is larger than the inner diameter of the rotating connecting sleeve. A rotation limiting post is fixedly provided at the end of the telescopic connecting rod. The rotation limiting post is limited to the rotation limiting groove.

[0021] Furthermore, the top of the fixed tube is provided with a first embedding groove, the bottom of the magnetic guide box is provided with a second embedding groove, the first magnetic block is embedded in the first embedding groove, the first guide magnetic block is embedded in the second embedding groove, the upper surface of the first magnetic block is a first adsorption plane, and the lower surface of the first guide magnetic block is a second adsorption plane.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for using a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device. The method uses the aforementioned hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device and includes the following steps:

[0023] S1: Connect the channel tube to the puncture head; insert the puncture head into the subcutaneous tissue through the epidermal skin incision;

[0024] S2: Attach the magnetic guide box to the outside of the surface layer so that the first magnetic block and the first guide magnetic block are attracted and attached;

[0025] S3: Apply a thrust to the channel tube from the tail end and push the magnetic guide box to move against the surface according to the predetermined trajectory. The first magnetic block drives the puncture head to move under the skin with the magnetic guide box under the magnetic attraction of the first guide magnetic block until the puncture head moves to the designated skin end incision position.

[0026] During the movement of the puncture head, the distance between the puncture head and the surface is detected. If the distance between the puncture head and the surface is less than the minimum value of the predetermined range, the outer magnetic coupling column is driven to rotate. This drives the inner magnetic coupling column to rotate, which in turn drives the forward cutting body to rotate inward toward the surface through the transmission mechanism. If the distance between the puncture head and the surface is greater than the maximum value of the predetermined range, the outer magnetic coupling column is driven to rotate in the opposite direction. This drives the inner magnetic coupling column to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the forward cutting body to rotate outward toward the surface through the transmission mechanism.

[0027] S4: Remove the puncture head at the designated location within the surface layer and remove the puncture head from the channel tube; connect the end of the shunt tube to the traction rope from the tail of the channel tube, and pull the traction rope from the head of the channel tube to allow the shunt tube to pass through the head of the channel tube.

[0028] S5: Pull the channel tube out of the skin incision, leaving the shunt tube inside the surface.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] (1) The puncture head of the device is connected to the channel tube. The bottom of the magnetic guide box is provided with a first guide magnetic block, and the top of the puncture head is provided with a first magnetic block. When the device is used, the puncture head is placed in the subcutaneous tissue of the patient, and the magnetic guide box is close to the skin of the patient. The first guide magnetic block of the magnetic guide box and the first magnetic block at the top of the puncture head fixing tube form a strong magnetic attraction. The first guide magnetic block is pushed to move along a predetermined trajectory, which can adjust the forward direction of the puncture head and apply a certain puncture forward driving force. Combined with the thrust of the channel tube, the puncture head can move along the predetermined direction of the magnetic guide box. This can solve the problem of the difficulty in controlling the puncture direction of the existing puncture device, get rid of the problem of the traditional blind puncture path easily deviating from the predetermined puncture path, and also overcome the difficulties caused by changes in body contour and angle. At the same time, the device drives the puncture head by magnetic attraction combined with the thrust of the channel tube. This can reduce the hardness requirement of the channel tube, so that the channel tube can be made of a relatively soft medium hardness material (such as medical polyurethane material), avoiding the problem that metal channel tubes are difficult to bend. This can improve the flexibility of the puncture path. This invention can improve the accuracy of the puncture path and the flexibility of the puncture path setting by setting a guiding magnetic block outside the body and adjusting the direction of the channel tube. It can adapt to different contours and angle changes of the body, ensure that the puncture head always points to the target area of ​​the abdominal cavity, and reduce the difficulty of puncture and catheter placement in hydrocephalus ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.

[0031] (2) The puncture head of this device is provided with a rotating sleeve at the end, and a rotating guide block with a spherical block structure is provided inside the rotating sleeve. The front part of the rotating guide block is provided with a flat forward cutting edge, and the rear part of the rotating guide block is provided with a limiting rod. The end of the limiting rod is provided with an oblique sliding groove. The puncture head is provided with a rotating drive mechanism, which includes an outer magnetic coupling column, an inner magnetic coupling column, a telescopic threaded column, a fixed sleeve, and a threaded sleeve. The outer magnetic coupling column is located in the magnetic guide box. The outer magnetic coupling column is driven to rotate by a drive motor, which can drive the inner magnetic coupling column located in the puncture head to rotate. Thus, the telescopic threaded column can rotate and extend within the threaded sleeve, thereby driving the telescopic connecting rod to extend. The telescopic linkage allows the sliding convex rod at the end of the telescopic linkage to slide within an inclined groove, thus raising or lowering the limiting rod and adjusting the pitch angle of the advancing blade. When the puncture head deviates from the skin and is too far from the epidermis during puncture, the advancing blade rotates upwards, moving closer to the epidermis as the puncture head advances, preventing excessive puncture depth and avoiding injury to internal organs. Conversely, when the puncture head deviates from the skin and is too close to the epidermis, the advancing blade deflects downwards, moving away from the epidermis as the puncture head advances, preventing shallow puncture depth and avoiding skin penetration and infection. The rotation drive mechanism of this invention transmits torque through the external and internal magnetic coupling columns, driving the telescopic threaded column to rotate. This, via a transmission mechanism, causes a spherical block to oscillate within the rotating sleeve, making the tilt angle of the advancing blade adjustable, thereby ensuring the puncture depth remains within a predetermined range and reducing surgical risks.

[0032] (3) In the prior art, when implanting the shunt tube, the shunt tube can be manually pushed through the shunt tube after the puncture is completed. However, the shunt tube needs to be bent during the puncture process to match the puncture path. At the bend of the shunt tube, especially when the inner surface of the shunt tube is not smooth, the shunt tube will be obstructed, making subsequent pushing difficult. This increases the difficulty of the shunt tube puncture surgery and prolongs the operation time. In this invention, when implanting the shunt tube, the channel tube is punctured first. After the channel tube is completed, the traction rope is connected to the end of the shunt tube, and then the traction rope is pulled to allow the shunt tube to be smoothly inserted into the channel tube. The synergistic structure of the channel tube and the traction rope in this invention realizes the one-step "puncture-placement" of the shunt tube: this completely avoids the problem of difficulty in manually pushing the shunt tube and further reduces the difficulty of shunt tube placement.

[0033] This invention solves the core problems of traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt puncture path deviation, difficulty in controlling angle and depth, and reliance on experience. It can improve the success rate of shunt puncture and placement surgery, reduce surgical risks, and provide a safe, efficient, and minimally invasive innovative tool for hydrocephalus ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, with significant clinical application value. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the first overall structure of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second overall structure of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the magnetic guidance box of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the puncture head of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the puncture head of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a first partial structural diagram of the internal structure of the puncture head of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the first partial structural diagram of the internal structure of the puncture head.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an angle sensor for a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the use of a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a picture of an existing ventriculoperitoneal shunt puncture and installation device (subcutaneous tunneling tube) for hydrocephalus.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a flowchart illustrating the method of using a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt implantation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] In the above diagram: 100-Fixed tube body, 200-Channel tube, 300-Traction rope, 400-Rotating guide block, 401-Rotating sleeve, 410-Forward blade body, 420-Limiting rod, 430-Limiting plate, 431-Limiting groove, 432-Conductive strip, 440-Slide block, 441-Angled slide, 500-Inner magnetic coupling column, 501-Rotating bearing, 502-Rotating drive block, 510-Fixed sleeve, 520-Threaded sleeve. 521-Telescopic threaded column, 522-Rotating driven block, 523-Rotating connecting sleeve, 530-Telescopic connecting rod, 531-Sliding convex rod, 600-Magnetic guide box, 601-Upper cover, 602-Display controller, 610-First guide magnetic block, 620-External magnetic coupling column, 621-Drive motor, 630-Ultrasonic sensing head, 700-Ultrasonic transmitter, 710-Angle sensor, 800-First magnetic block, 900-Surface layer. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] Although the steps in this invention are arranged by reference numerals, this is not intended to limit the order of the steps. Unless the order of the steps is explicitly stated or the execution of a step requires other steps as a basis, the relative order of the steps can be adjusted. It is understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and covers any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 A device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt includes a magnetic guidance box 600, a puncture head, and a channel tube 200.

[0049] The puncture head includes a cylindrical fixed tube 100, with a connecting end and a forward end at both ends; a first magnetic block 800 is provided at the top of the fixed tube 100.

[0050] A rotating sleeve 401 is fixedly provided at the forward end of the fixed tube body 100. A rotating guide block 400 is rotatably provided inside the end of the rotating sleeve 401. A flat forward blade 410 is provided at the end of the rotating guide block 400. The front end of the forward blade 410 is a cutting blade, which is used to reduce the resistance when the puncture head passes through the subcutaneous tissue. A rotating drive mechanism is provided inside the fixed tube body 100 to drive the rotating guide block 400 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating guide block 400 can adjust the pitch angle of the forward blade 410, thereby facilitating the control of the puncture depth of the puncture head in the subcutaneous tissue.

[0051] Specifically, the rotating sleeve 401 is a spherical shell-shaped sleeve, with a front opening and a rear opening at each end. The rotating guide block 400 is a spherical block, with both its front and rear portions extending beyond the rotating sleeve 401. The forward blade 410 is fixed to the front portion of the spherical block. The spherical shell-shaped rotating sleeve 401, combined with the spherical block structure of the rotating guide block 400, ensures that no gap appears between the rotating sleeve 401 and the front end of the rotating guide block 400 when the rotating guide block 400 rotates, preventing biological tissue from entering the rotating sleeve 401.

[0052] A limiting plate 430 is fixedly installed inside the fixed tube 100. The limiting plate 430 is provided with a strip-shaped limiting groove 431. A limiting rod 420 is fixedly installed at the rear of the spherical block. The limiting rod 420 passes through the limiting groove 431. The cooperation structure of the limiting rod 420 and the limiting groove 431 restricts the rotation direction of the rotation guide block 400, so that the forward blade 410 can only be adjusted in pitch.

[0053] The channel tube 200 is equipped with a traction rope 300. Both the channel tube 200 and the traction rope 300 are connected to the connecting end of the fixed tube body 100, and the traction rope 300 extends out of the channel tube 200.

[0054] The magnetic guiding box 600 includes a box body, and a first guiding magnetic block 610 is embedded in the bottom of the box body. The first guiding magnetic block 610 is used to attract the first magnetic block 800, thereby causing the puncture head to move along the moving direction of the magnetic guiding box 600.

[0055] In use, the shunt tube puncture and installation device of the present invention places the puncture head in the patient's subcutaneous tissue, with the magnetic guide box 600 close to the patient's skin. The first guide magnetic block 610 of the magnetic guide box 600 forms a strong magnetic attraction with the first magnetic block 800 at the top of the puncture head fixing tube, guiding the first guide magnetic block 610 to move along a predetermined trajectory. This allows the puncture head to move along the predetermined direction of the magnetic guide box 600, thus solving the problem of difficulty in controlling the puncture direction of existing puncture devices and overcoming the problem of the traditional blind puncture path easily deviating from the predetermined puncture path. At the same time, the device drives the puncture head by applying a thrust to the tail of the channel tube 200 in conjunction with magnetic attraction guidance. This allows the channel tube 200 to be made of a relatively soft material, avoiding the problem of difficulty in adjusting the direction of the front end of the metal channel tube, thus improving the flexibility of the puncture path. This invention can improve the accuracy of the puncture path and the flexibility of the puncture path setting by setting a guiding magnetic block outside the body and using strong magnetic field to guide the puncture head forward in the subcutaneous tissue. This ensures that the puncture head always points to the target area of ​​the abdominal cavity and reduces the difficulty of hydrocephalus peritoneal drainage puncture surgery.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the rotation drive mechanism includes an outer magnetic coupling column 620, an inner magnetic coupling column 500, a telescopic threaded column 521, a fixed sleeve 510, and a threaded sleeve 520. The outer magnetic coupling column 620 is rotatably disposed within the magnetic guide box 600, and the inner magnetic coupling column 500 is rotatably disposed within the fixed sleeve 510. Both the fixed sleeve 510 and the threaded sleeve 520 are fixed within the fixed tube body 100. The inner magnetic coupling column 500 is rotatably disposed within the fixed sleeve 510. The telescopic threaded column 521 is threadedly connected within the threaded sleeve 520. The end of the telescopic threaded column 521 is connected to the limiting rod 420 through a transmission mechanism. The outer magnetic coupling column 620 is used to drive the inner magnetic coupling column 500 to rotate through magnetic coupling, thereby driving the telescopic threaded column 521 to rotate within the threaded sleeve 520. In turn, the transmission mechanism drives the limiting rod 420 to swing along the limiting groove 431, thereby driving the rotation guide block 400 to rotate within the rotating sleeve 401.

[0057] The magnetic guide box 600 has a rotating mounting groove at its bottom. The outer magnetic coupling column 620 is rotatably mounted in the rotating mounting groove. The magnetic guide box 600 also has a drive motor 621. The output shaft of the drive motor 621 is connected to the outer magnetic coupling column 620. The drive motor 621 is used to drive the outer magnetic coupling column 620 to rotate.

[0058] In the above structure, the outer magnetic coupling post 620 and the inner magnetic coupling post 500 are used to achieve non-contact torque transmission. Their working principle is as follows: the drive motor 621 drives the outer magnetic coupling post 620 to rotate. When the outer magnetic coupling post 620 rotates, it generates a rotating magnetic field. Under the action of this rotating magnetic field, the inner magnetic coupling post 500 experiences a tangential magnetic pull, generating a magnetic torque and rotating synchronously with the inner magnetic coupling post 500, thereby achieving non-contact torque transmission. It should be noted that the non-contact torque transmission technology achieved by the outer magnetic coupling post 620 and the inner magnetic coupling post 500 is existing technology, and the specific structure of the outer magnetic coupling post 620 and the inner magnetic coupling post 500 is not described in detail here.

[0059] The inner magnetic coupling post 500 and the telescopic threaded post 521 are coaxially arranged. A rotation drive block 502 is fixedly provided at the end edge of the inner magnetic coupling post 500, and a rotation driven block 522 is provided at the end of the telescopic threaded post 521. The distance between the rotation drive block 502 and the axis of the inner magnetic coupling post 500 is equal to the distance between the rotation driven block 522 and the axis of the telescopic threaded post 521. The rotation drive block 502 and the rotation driven block 522 are used to transmit torque between the inner magnetic coupling post 500 and the telescopic threaded post 521. When the inner magnetic coupling post 500 rotates, the rotation drive block 502 pushes the rotation driven block 522, causing the telescopic threaded post 521 to rotate within the threaded sleeve 520.

[0060] The transmission mechanism includes a rotating connecting sleeve 523, a telescopic connecting rod 530, and a sliding block 440. The rotating connecting sleeve 523 is fixed to the end of the telescopic threaded column 521, and the end of the telescopic connecting rod 530 is rotatably limited within the rotating connecting sleeve 523.

[0061] The sliding block 440 is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting rod 420. The sliding block 440 has a through oblique sliding groove 441. The end of the telescopic connecting rod 530 has a sliding protrusion 531, which is slidably limited within the oblique sliding groove 441. The inner wall of the rotating connecting sleeve 523 has a cylindrical rotating limiting groove in the middle. The diameter of the rotating limiting groove is larger than the inner diameter of the rotating connecting sleeve 523. The end of the telescopic connecting rod 530 is fixedly provided with a rotating limiting post, which is limited within the rotating limiting groove.

[0062] When the outer magnetic coupling post 620 drives the inner magnetic coupling post 500 to rotate, the inner magnetic coupling post 500 can drive the telescopic threaded post 521 to rotate within the threaded sleeve 520. This causes the telescopic threaded post 521 to rotate and extend. The rotatable connection structure between the rotating connecting sleeve 523 and the rotating limiting post can isolate the torque transmission of the telescopic threaded post 521, thereby driving the telescopic connecting rod 530 to move axially. When the telescopic connecting rod 530 moves toward the sliding block 440, the sliding protrusion 531 moves forward within the inclined sliding groove 441, which drives the sliding block 440 to move upward, thereby causing the forward cutting edge 410 to deflect downward. Conversely, when the outer magnetic coupling post 620 drives the inner magnetic coupling post 500 to rotate in the opposite direction, the transmission mechanism can drive the forward cutting edge 410 to deflect upward.

[0063] This device drives the outer magnetic coupling column 620 to rotate via a drive motor 621, which in turn drives the inner magnetic coupling column 500 located inside the puncture head to rotate. This allows the telescopic threaded column 521 to rotate and extend within the threaded sleeve 520, thereby driving the telescopic connecting rod 530 to extend and retract. The extension and retraction of the connecting rod causes the sliding protrusion 531 at the end of the telescopic connecting rod 530 to slide within the inclined groove 441, thus raising or lowering the limiting rod 420 and adjusting the pitch angle of the advancing blade 410. During puncture... When the puncture head deviates and moves far from the epidermis, the advancing blade 410 is controlled to rotate upwards. This allows the puncture head to move outwards towards the epidermis during its advance, preventing excessive puncture depth and avoiding internal organ injury. Conversely, when the puncture head deviates and moves close to the epidermis, the advancing blade 410 is controlled to rotate downwards. This allows the puncture head to move away from the epidermis during its advance, increasing the puncture depth and preventing infection caused by the puncture head or guide tip penetrating the skin. The rotation drive mechanism of this invention transmits torque through the outer magnetic coupling column 620 and the inner magnetic coupling column 500, driving the telescopic threaded column 521 to rotate. This, via a transmission mechanism, causes the spherical block to swing within the rotating sleeve 401, making the tilt angle of the advancing blade 410 adjustable. This ensures the puncture depth remains within a predetermined range, reducing surgical risks.

[0064] It should be noted that the traction rope 300 inside the channel tube 200 of the present invention is used to pull the shunt tube to move within the channel tube 200. When installing the shunt tube of the present invention, the channel tube 200 is first pierced. After piercing, the traction rope 300 is connected to the end of the shunt tube, and then the traction rope 300 is pulled to allow the shunt tube to smoothly enter the channel tube 200. The cooperative structure of the channel tube 200 and the traction rope 300 of the present invention achieves a one-step "piercing-placement" of the shunt tube: this avoids the difficulty of manually pushing the shunt tube, and also avoids the problem of the channel tube 200 being inconvenient to bend due to a pre-installed shunt tube, further reducing the difficulty of placing the shunt tube.

[0065] In this embodiment, the channel tube 200 is made of medical-grade polyurethane, a medical-grade material with medium hardness (Shore hardness 60-90), combining flexibility and support. It can be bent and apply force towards the puncture head. A detachable hand-held pusher is provided at the tail end of the channel tube 200, threadedly connected to the tail end, facilitating the operator to apply force to the puncture head using the channel tube 200. After puncture with the channel tube 200, the hand-held pusher is removed, and the traction rope inside the channel tube 200 is connected to the end of the shunt tube. Pulling the traction rope allows the shunt tube to exit from the head of the channel tube 200. The shunt tube is made of soft silicone, which has minimal reaction to human tissue and can remain in the patient's body for a relatively long time. Furthermore, the channel tube 200 is harder than the shunt tube, allowing it to create a tunnel within the subcutaneous tissue for the shunt tube to pass through.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the fixed tube 100 is provided with a first embedding groove, and the bottom of the magnetic guiding box 600 is provided with a second embedding groove. A first magnetic block 800 is embedded in the first embedding groove, and a first guiding magnetic block 610 is embedded in the second embedding groove. The upper surface of the first magnetic block 800 is a first adsorption plane, and the lower surface of the first guiding magnetic block 610 is a second adsorption plane. Both the first guiding magnetic block 610 and the first magnetic block 800 are strong magnetic blocks, capable of generating a strong magnetic force. When the first guiding magnetic block 610 is engaged with the first magnetic block 800, the first and second adsorption planes magnetically attract each other through their planar structures. This enhances the magnetic attraction between them, ensuring that the magnetic guiding box 600 can guide the puncture head through the subcutaneous tissue.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the magnetic guide box 600 is also provided with a control box, which is equipped with a display screen and control buttons. The control box has a built-in controller, which is electrically connected to the control buttons and the drive motor 621. Pressing the control buttons can control the rotation process of the drive motor 621.

[0068] The shunt tube puncture and installation device of the present invention further includes an angle sensor 710 and a position sensor. The position sensor is used to sense the puncture depth of the puncture head in the subcutaneous tissue, and the angle sensor 710 is used to sense the tilt angle of the advancing blade 410. The display is communicatively connected to the position sensor and the angle sensor 710. The display can display the puncture depth of the puncture head in the subcutaneous tissue and the pitch angle of the advancing blade 410 in real time. The operator can adjust the pitch angle of the advancing blade 410 according to the puncture depth displayed on the display, thereby ensuring that the puncture depth is within a predetermined range.

[0069] The position sensor can adopt the following technical solution: two ultrasonic transmitters 700 are provided at the top of the fixed tube 100, and multiple ultrasonic sensing heads 630 are provided at the bottom of the magnetic guiding box 600. The ultrasonic sensing heads 630 are used to receive ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transmitters 700, calculate the distance from each ultrasonic transmitter 700 to each ultrasonic sensing head 630, thereby sensing the distance from the two ultrasonic transmitters 700 to the multiple ultrasonic sensing heads 630 of the magnetic guiding box 600, and thus determining the distance from the fixed tube 100 to the bottom of the magnetic guiding box 600, thereby determining the puncture depth of the puncture head in the subcutaneous tissue.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, an endoscope is provided at the end of the puncture head. The endoscope is communicatively connected to an external display and captures real-time video of the puncture head advancing, facilitating the operator's observation of the patient's internal condition and improving surgical visibility. The endoscope used here is prior art, and its installation structure and working principle will not be described in further detail here.

[0071] refer to Figure 8 The angle sensor 710 can adopt the following technical solution: The angle sensor 710 is set on the limiting plate 430, and a resistance strip is set on the inner wall of the limiting groove 431. The resistance strip is in contact with the limiting rod 420. The limiting rod 420 is made of conductive material. The angle sensor 710 is equipped with a sensing power supply and a current sensor. The sensing power supply is connected in series with the current sensor and is connected to the end of the resistance strip through a first wire. The sensing power supply is connected to the limiting rod 420 through a second wire to form a conductive circuit. When the limiting rod 420 slides in the limiting groove 431, the length of the resistance strip changes. The current sensor can determine the position of the limiting rod 420 by sensing the magnitude of the current, and then determine the pitch angle of the forward blade 410.

[0072] It should be noted that the above-described position sensor and angle sensor 710 are illustrative examples, and the angle sensor 710 and position sensor of the present invention may also be selected from other existing technical solutions as needed.

[0073] refer to Figure 9 and 11 The present invention also provides a method for using the hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device, the method using the above-mentioned hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1: Connect the channel tube 200 to the puncture head; insert the puncture head into the surface layer 900 (which is the patient's skin and subcutaneous tissue during surgery) from the epidermal entry point;

[0075] S2: Attach the magnetic guiding box 600 to the outside of the surface layer 900, so that the first magnetic block 800 and the first guiding magnetic block 610 are attracted and attached.

[0076] S3: Apply a thrust to the channel tube from the tail end, and push the magnetic guide box 600 to move along the predetermined trajectory to fit the surface layer 900. The first magnetic block 800, under the magnetic attraction of the first guide magnetic block 610, drives the puncture head to follow the magnetic guide box 600 to move within the surface layer 900 until the puncture head moves to the designated position within the surface layer 900. During the movement of the puncture head, the distance from the puncture head to the surface layer 900 is detected in real time. If the distance from the puncture head to the surface layer 900 is less than the minimum value of the predetermined range, drive the outer magnetic coupling column 620 to rotate. By driving the inner magnetic coupling column 500 to rotate, the forward blade 410 is driven to rotate inward into the surface layer 900 through the transmission mechanism. If the distance from the puncture head to the surface layer 900 is greater than the maximum value of the predetermined range, drive the outer magnetic coupling column 620 to rotate in the opposite direction. By driving the inner magnetic coupling column 500 to rotate in the opposite direction, the forward blade 410 is driven to rotate outward from the surface layer 900 through the transmission mechanism.

[0077] S4: Remove the puncture head at the designated position within the surface layer 900 and remove the puncture head from the channel tube 200; connect the end of the shunt tube to the traction rope 300 from the tail of the channel tube 200, and pull the traction rope 300 from the head of the channel tube 200 to make the shunt tube pass through the head of the channel tube 200.

[0078] S5: Pull the channel tube 200 out from the surface layer 900, leaving the diversion tube inside the surface layer 900.

[0079] The hydrocephalus peritoneal drainage tube puncture and installation device of the present invention can be used not only for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery for hydrocephalus, but also for shunt surgery for intracranial cysts, lumbar cistern peritoneal shunt surgery and other scenarios.

[0080] In this document, the directional terms such as front, back, top, and bottom are defined based on the location of the components in the accompanying drawings and their relative positions to each other, solely for the purpose of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of directional terms should not limit the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0081] Where there is no conflict, the above embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0082] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt, characterized in that: Includes a magnetic guide box (600), a puncture head, and a channel tube (200); The puncture head includes a fixed tube (100), with a connecting end and a forward end at both ends; a first magnetic block (800) is provided at the top of the fixed tube (100). A rotating sleeve (401) is fixedly provided at the forward end of the fixed tube body (100). A rotating guide block (400) is rotatably provided inside the end of the rotating sleeve (401). A forward blade (410) is provided at the end of the rotating guide block (400). A rotating drive mechanism for driving the rotating guide block (400) to rotate is provided inside the fixed tube body (100). The channel tube (200) is provided with a traction rope (300). Both the channel tube (200) and the traction rope (300) are connected to the connecting end of the fixed tube body (100). The traction rope (300) extends out of the channel tube (200). The traction rope (300) is used to pull the diversion tube to move within the channel tube (200). The magnetic guide box (600) includes a box body, and a first guide magnetic block (610) is embedded in the bottom of the box body. The first guide magnetic block (610) is used to attract the first magnetic block (800), thereby guiding the spike to move along the moving direction of the magnetic guide box (600). The fixed tube body (100) is provided with a limiting plate (430), and the limiting plate (430) is provided with a strip-shaped limiting groove (431); the rotating guide block (400) is a spherical block; a limiting rod (420) is fixedly provided at the rear of the spherical block; the limiting rod (420) passes through the limiting groove (431); the fixed tube body (100) is provided with a fixed sleeve (510). Non-contact torque transmission is achieved through the magnetic coupling effect of the outer magnetic coupling column (620) set in the magnetic guide box (600) and the inner magnetic coupling column (500) set in the fixed sleeve (510), so that the outer magnetic coupling column (620) drives the inner magnetic coupling column (500) to rotate; thereby driving the limit rod (420) to swing along the limit groove (431) through the transmission mechanism, and driving the rotating guide block (400) to rotate in the rotating sleeve (401).

2. The device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating sleeve (401) is a spherical sleeve. The rotating sleeve (401) has a front opening and a rear opening at both ends. The front and rear parts of the spherical block extend out of the rotating sleeve (401). The forward cutting edge (410) is fixed to the front part of the spherical block.

3. The device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt tube according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotation drive mechanism includes an outer magnetic coupling column (620), an inner magnetic coupling column (500), a telescopic threaded column (521), a fixed sleeve (510), and a threaded sleeve (520). The outer magnetic coupling column (620) is rotatably disposed within the magnetic guide box (600), and the inner magnetic coupling column (500) is rotatably disposed within the fixed sleeve (510). Both the fixed sleeve (510) and the threaded sleeve (520) are fixed within the fixed tube body (100). The telescopic threaded column (521) is rotatably disposed inside the fixed sleeve (510). The telescopic threaded column (521) is threadedly connected inside the threaded sleeve (520). The end of the telescopic threaded column (521) is connected to the limiting rod (420) through a transmission mechanism. The outer magnetic coupling column (620) is used to drive the inner magnetic coupling column (500) to rotate through magnetic coupling, thereby driving the telescopic threaded column (521) to rotate inside the threaded sleeve (520), and then driving the limiting rod (420) to swing along the limiting groove (431) through the transmission mechanism.

4. The hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetic guide box (600) has a rotating mounting groove at the bottom. The outer magnetic coupling column (620) is rotatably mounted in the rotating mounting groove. The magnetic guide box (600) is also equipped with a drive motor (621). The output shaft of the drive motor (621) is connected to the outer magnetic coupling column (620). The drive motor (621) is used to drive the outer magnetic coupling column (620) to rotate.

5. The hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt puncture and implantation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner magnetic coupling column (500) and the telescopic threaded column (521) are coaxially arranged. The inner magnetic coupling column (500) is fixedly provided with a rotation drive block (502) at its end edge. The telescopic threaded column (521) is provided with a rotation driven block (522) at its end. The distance between the rotation drive block (502) and the axis of the inner magnetic coupling column (500) is equal to the distance between the rotation driven block (522) and the axis of the telescopic threaded column (521). When the inner magnetic coupling column (500) rotates, the rotation drive block (502) pushes the rotation driven block (522) to make the telescopic threaded column (521) rotate inside the threaded sleeve (520).

6. The device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt tube according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a rotating connecting sleeve (523) and a telescopic connecting rod (530), the telescopic connecting rod (530) and a sliding block (440). The rotating connecting sleeve (523) is fixed to the end of the telescopic threaded column (521), and the end of the telescopic connecting rod (530) is rotatably limited within the rotating connecting sleeve (523). The slide block (440) is fixedly connected to the end of the limiting rod (420). The slide block (440) is provided with a through oblique slide groove (441). The end of the telescopic connecting rod (530) is provided with a sliding protrusion (531). The sliding protrusion (531) is slidably limited within the oblique slide groove (441).

7. The device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt tube according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating connecting sleeve (523) has a cylindrical rotating limiting groove in the middle of its inner wall. The diameter of the rotating limiting groove is larger than the inner diameter of the rotating connecting sleeve (523). The end of the telescopic connecting rod (530) is fixedly provided with a rotating limiting post, which is limited to the rotating limiting groove.

8. The device for puncturing and implanting a hydrocephalus peritoneal shunt tube according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed tube (100) is provided with a first embedding groove, and the bottom of the magnetic guide box (600) is provided with a second embedding groove. The first magnetic block (800) is embedded in the first embedding groove, and the first guide magnetic block (610) is embedded in the second embedding groove. The first magnetic block (800) has a first adsorption plane on its upper surface, and the lower surface of the first guide magnetic block (610) is a second adsorption plane.

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