Method, device and equipment for measuring straightness error of machine tool guide

Abstract

The present application relates to machine tool guide rail detection technical field, the present application provides a kind of straightness error measurement of machine tool guide rail method, device and equipment, the method comprises: building measuring device;Calibration measuring device;From the end of the machine tool guide rail away from scale plate moves slider at equal intervals and reads the measurement coordinate on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of slider, until slider moves to the other end of machine tool guide rail;The position of the reference coordinate corresponding to each stop position of measurement coordinate is calculated, and the value of three rotation angles is solved, including: yaw angle, pitch angle, roll angle;According to the value of three rotation angles, the straightness error of horizontal direction of machine tool guide rail, the straightness error of vertical direction and the twist degree are calculated.The present application is installed on slider by laser, and it is convenient to maintain and calibrate by combining scale plate, reduces use and maintenance cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention generally relate to the field of machine tool guideway testing technology, and particularly to a method, apparatus and equipment for measuring the straightness error of machine tool guideways. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of precision manufacturing, the geometric accuracy of machine tool guideways and precision platforms directly determines the processing quality and operational stability of the equipment. Among them, straightness and torsion are core evaluation parameters, and their measurement accuracy plays a key supporting role in the precision control of the entire manufacturing system.

[0003] However, as modern precision manufacturing and testing technologies rapidly evolve towards nanometer-level precision and high-efficiency testing, the limitations of traditional electronic levels are becoming increasingly apparent. In terms of measurement dimensions, traditional electronic levels typically only allow for angle measurements in a single direction, such as pitch or yaw, during a single setup. To obtain comprehensive straightness information for machine tool guideways, multiple clamping and repeated measurements are required. This not only results in a cumbersome process and low testing efficiency but also introduces additional errors due to repeated adjustments in clamping and positioning, affecting the consistency of measurement results. For the critical parameter of torsion, electronic levels lack direct measurement capabilities. Current solutions require indirect evaluation using auxiliary methods such as dedicated bridge plates or span methods, or rely on other specialized measuring instruments. These methods not only place extremely high demands on the operator's professional skills but also make it difficult to conduct simultaneous measurements with straightness measurements. This compromises the real-time nature and consistency of data acquisition, directly hindering the efficiency and accuracy of comprehensive precision assessment.

[0004] Meanwhile, the shortcomings of traditional measurement methods in terms of automation and integration are becoming increasingly apparent. The entire measurement process relies heavily on manual operation and reading recording, and data processing is cumbersome and susceptible to human error, making it difficult to meet the core requirements of modern intelligent manufacturing for online inspection processes, automated data processing, and information integration. Therefore, developing a new measurement technology that can simultaneously, efficiently, and directly measure the straightness and torsion of machine tool guideways is of great significance for improving the automation level of precision inspection and ensuring the comprehensiveness and reliability of measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above issues, this invention mounts a laser on a slider and integrates it with a scale plate, facilitating maintenance and calibration while reducing usage and maintenance costs. The laser emits high-precision and high-stability light, accurately reflecting minute changes on the machine tool guideway surface. The dense graduations on the scale plate provide a precise reference coordinate system for measurement, ensuring the traceability and accuracy of the measurement results. Furthermore, the slider resting on the laser allows for measurement at any position on the machine tool guideway, making it suitable for measuring machine tool guideways of different lengths and shapes, and comprehensively evaluating the torsion and straightness of the machine tool guideways.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method, apparatus, and device for measuring the straightness error of machine tool guideways are provided.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present invention, a method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway is provided. The method includes: Step S01: Set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool; Step S02: Calibrate the measuring device and adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate so that when the slider is at the farthest and nearth ends of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate, and the four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate. Step S03: Move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guideway away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guideway. Step S04: Calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates of each stopping position, and solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: the yaw angle of rotation around the Y-axis. Pitch angle of rotation about the X-axis Roll angle around the Z-axis ; Step S05: Based on the values ​​of the three rotation angles, calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the position of the reference coordinates mentioned in step S04 is as follows: , ; , ; , ; , ; , ; in, The distance between the laser and the scale plate. This is the laser output port. The points are the angles between the optical axes of the four peripheral laser beams and the principal optical axis of the laser. ,point ,point ,point These are four symmetrically distributed laser points generated by the laser on the outer periphery of the scale plate; points The center point of the laser beam on the scale is the point where the laser beam is generated. ,point ,point ,point ,point The reference coordinates are: .

[0009] Furthermore, the formula for solving the values ​​of the three rotation angles in step S04 is as follows: , in, For point Measurement coordinates For point Measurement coordinates, For point Measurement coordinates, For point Measurement coordinates For point The measured coordinates; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. Positional deviation; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. Positional deviation; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. Positional deviation; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. Positional deviation; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail Positional deviation, , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. Positional deviation.

[0010] Furthermore, the aforementioned , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , The calculation formula is: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .

[0011] Furthermore, the specific steps for determining the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer bed guide rail in step S05 are as follows: yaw angle and pitch angle This reflects the slope changes of the machine tool guideway in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. By integrating the slopes, the actual contour shape of the machine tool guideway is reconstructed. The formula for calculating the horizontal contour height sequence is as follows: The formula for calculating the vertical profile height sequence is as follows: In the formula, This represents the distance the slider moves at equal intervals each time. For the first measurement One point, The total number of measurements; The minimum region method is applied to the contour height sequences in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively to find two parallel lines that encompass the measured straight line, and the minimum distance between these two parallel lines is calculated to determine the straightness error in the horizontal and vertical directions of the computer tool guide rail. The torsion of the machine tool guideway is equal to the roll angle. .

[0012] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the horizontal contour height sequence simplifies to the following for small angles: The calculation formula for the vertical contour height sequence simplifies to the following for small angles: .

[0013] Furthermore, the measurement coordinates are read with increased precision, and the distance between the two closest scale lines on the scale plate is... The formula for calculating the result error is: ; Seek and calculate with The difference is used to obtain the value of each measurement point. The resulting errors are as follows: ; ; .

[0014] In a second aspect of the invention, an apparatus for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway is provided. The apparatus includes: Device setup module: Used to set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool. Device calibration module: used to calibrate the measuring device, adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate, so that when the slider is at the farthest and nearth ends of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate, and the four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate. Coordinate measurement module: used to move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guideway away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider, until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guideway; Angle Calculation Module: Used to calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates of each stopping position, and to solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: the yaw angle of rotation around the Y-axis. Pitch angle of rotation about the X-axis Roll angle around the Z-axis ; Deformation calculation module: used to calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail based on the values ​​of three rotation angles.

[0015] In a third aspect of the invention, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor executing the program to implement the method according to a first aspect of the invention.

[0016] In a fourth aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to a first aspect of the invention.

[0017] This invention, by mounting a laser on a slider and combining it with a scale plate, facilitates maintenance and calibration, reducing usage and maintenance costs. The laser emits light with high precision and stability, accurately reflecting minute changes on the machine tool guideway surface. The dense scale plate provides a precise reference coordinate system for measurement, ensuring the traceability and accuracy of measurement results. Furthermore, the slider resting on the laser allows for measurement at any position on the machine tool guideway, making it suitable for measuring machine tool guideways of different lengths and shapes, and comprehensively evaluating the torsion and straightness of the machine tool guideways.

[0018] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Wherein: Figure 1A flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of reference coordinates for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 4 The yaw angle and pitch angle according to an embodiment of the present invention are shown. Roll angle Schematic diagram; Figure 5 A block diagram of an apparatus for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] According to embodiments of the present invention, a method, apparatus, and equipment for measuring the straightness error of machine tool guideways are proposed. By mounting a laser on a slider and combining it with a scale plate, maintenance and calibration are convenient, reducing usage and maintenance costs. The light emitted by the laser has high precision and high stability, accurately reflecting minute changes on the surface of the machine tool guideway. The dense scale of the scale plate provides a precise reference coordinate system for measurement, ensuring the traceability and accuracy of the measurement results. Furthermore, the slider resting on the laser allows for measurement at any position on the machine tool guideway, making it suitable for measuring machine tool guideways of different lengths and shapes, and comprehensively evaluating the torsion and straightness of the machine tool guideway.

[0022] The principles and spirit of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes: Step S01: Set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool; Step S02: Calibrate the measuring device and adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate so that when the slider is at the farthest and nearth ends of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate, and the four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate. Step S03: Move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guideway away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guideway. Step S04: Calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates of each stopping position, and solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: the yaw angle of rotation around the Y-axis. Pitch angle of rotation about the X-axis Roll angle around the Z-axis ; Step S05: Based on the values ​​of the three rotation angles, calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail.

[0024] It should be noted that although the operation of the method of the present invention has been described in a specific order in the above embodiments and figures, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0025] To provide a clearer explanation of the method for measuring the straightness error of machine tool guideways, a specific embodiment will be used for illustration below. However, it is worth noting that this embodiment is only for better illustrating the present invention and does not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0026] The following specific example will further illustrate the method for measuring the straightness error of machine tool guideways: Step S01: Set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the machine tool guideway is required to be perpendicular to the scale plate, and a slider carrying a laser is mounted on the guideway. The scale plate has densely packed graduations for easy reading. The laser generates a pattern on the scale plate with a central point and four symmetrically distributed laser points around it, establishing a spatial rectangular coordinate system: passing through the point... Draw a perpendicular line to the plane of the scale plate, with the direction of this perpendicular line as... Axial direction. The origin is the point where the axis intersects the plane containing the scale plate; within this plane, the horizontal direction passing through the origin is defined as... The axis, vertical direction is Axis. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the angles between the optical axes of the four peripheral laser beams and the principal optical axis of the laser are all... Degree, with the laser output port as the point. The laser dots on the scale are respectively points. ,point ,point ,point ,point When the light is directed at a plane, the four symmetrically distributed laser points and the light outlet can form a virtual square pyramid.

[0028] In this embodiment, the selected linear machine tool guide rail is 1 meter long, and the measuring device is installed. The angles between the optical axes of the four peripheral laser beams and the main optical axis of the laser are... All angles are 30 degrees. Place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool under test, ensuring that the distance between the closest end of the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate is 1 meter.

[0029] Step S02: Calibrate the measuring device and adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate so that when the slider is at the farthest and nearth ends of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate. The four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate, so that the scale plate and the machine tool guide rail remain perpendicular. Then fix the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate.

[0030] Specifically, minute deformations of the linear machine tool guideway cause a deflection of the laser's direction, which in turn alters the position of the laser point on the scale. Since the coordinate spacing of the laser point on the scale is proportional to the working distance between the laser and the scale, the greater the distance, the greater the absolute change in the laser point's coordinates. Therefore, minute deformations of the linear machine tool guideway can be magnified and visually reflected through changes in the laser point's coordinates on the scale.

[0031] The deformation of linear machine tool guideways in the horizontal, vertical, and torsional directions is independent and can be analyzed and measured separately. The total deformation of the system can be obtained by linearly superimposing the changes in these three directions, allowing for independent analysis of each direction followed by comprehensive superposition calculation. If the linear machine tool guideway is in an ideal state, the movement of the laser point on the scale plate is symmetrically distributed when the slider is in different positions, and the recorded laser point coordinates can be regarded as reference coordinates. However, when the machine tool guideway has slight deformation, the movement of the laser point caused by the slider movement will be asymmetrical, and the measured coordinates in this case are the measurement coordinates reflecting the actual deformation state.

[0032] Step S03: Move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guideway away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guideway.

[0033] In this embodiment, starting from one end of the machine tool guide rail 2m away from the scale plate, the slider is moved at equal intervals of 100mm each time until the guide rail moves to the other end of the machine tool guide rail. =100mm, and the measurement coordinates (in mm) are read from the scale plate each time. The following 11 sample points were obtained, and the measurement coordinates are shown in Table 1: Table 1

[0034] Step S04: Calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates, and solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: yaw angle. Rotation around the Y-axis; pitch angle Rotation about the X-axis; roll angle : Rotate around the Z-axis.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the measured coordinates of the laser point can be used to calculate three rotation angles: yaw angle. Rotation around the Y-axis; pitch angle Rotation about the X-axis; roll angle Rotation around the Z-axis. Pitch angle. The change reflects the curvature of the vertical plane of the machine tool guideway; its vertical straightness can be obtained by integrating it. The yaw angle... The change reflects the curvature of the horizontal plane, and the horizontal straightness is also calculated through integration. The roll angle... The value itself directly reflects the magnitude of torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway at each position. The torsion of the machine tool guideway is determined by the angle. The characteristics are defined as follows: counterclockwise is positive, and clockwise is negative. The curvature of the machine tool guideway is determined by angle. and Common characteristics. Among them, horizontal yaw angle. Left is negative, right is positive; vertical pitch angle Upward is positive, downward is negative.

[0036] Pitch angle With yaw angle These factors collectively characterize the bending deformation of the machine tool guideway, i.e., straightness error. Pitch angle The sequence reflects the slope change of the machine tool guideway at various points in the vertical plane, while the yaw angle... The sequence reflects the slope change within the horizontal plane. By integrating these discrete angle sequences, the actual contour curves of the machine tool guideway in the vertical and horizontal directions can be reconstructed. Roll angle This directly characterizes the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. The measured value of this angle directly reflects the rotational deviation of the machine tool guideway around its own axis, and its magnitude directly indicates the degree of torsion.

[0037] Setting points The coordinates are ; Set points ,point ,point ,point ,point The reference coordinates are: Reference coordinates and current output port. The angles between the point coordinates and the optical axes of the four peripheral laser beams and the principal optical axis of the laser. related: , ; , ; , ; , ; , ; The measured coordinates are points ,point ,point ,point ,point The measured coordinates are affected by three rotation angles, and these effects are superimposed. Therefore, the following system of equations exists: ; The three rotation angles can be obtained by solving this overdetermined system of equations. .

[0038] in, , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0039] , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0040] , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0041] in, , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0042] , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0043] , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0044] in, , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0045] , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0046] , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0047] in, , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0048] , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0049] , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0050] in, , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates, i.e. , ; , Points caused by horizontal deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0051] , Points caused by vertical deformation of the machine tool guide rail The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0052] , The point is caused by the torsional deformation of the machine tool guideway. The positional deviation, i.e.: ; .

[0053] In this example, the reference coordinates are shown in Table 2: Table 2

[0054] The three rotation angles for each sample point can be obtained by solving the overdetermined equations. As shown in Table 3: Table 3

[0055] Step S05: Based on the values ​​of the three rotation angles, calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail.

[0056] Straightness error refers to the maximum fluctuation of the actual machine tool guideway profile relative to an ideal straight line. Among these, yaw angle... and pitch angle These figures reflect the slope changes of the machine tool guideway in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. By integrating the slope information, the actual contour shape of the machine tool guideway can be reconstructed, which can then be used for straightness assessment. The formula for calculating the horizontal contour height sequence is as follows: The formula for calculating the vertical profile height sequence is as follows: In the formula This represents the distance the slider moves at equal intervals each time. It is the first in the measurement One point, A total of measurements were taken For any given point, the formula can be simplified to [formula missing]. , Then, the minimum zone method is applied to the contour height sequences in both the horizontal and vertical directions. The minimum zone method is a precise method for assessing straightness error. It determines the straightness error by finding two parallel lines that encompass the measured straight line and calculating the minimum distance between these two parallel lines. The torsion of the machine tool guideway is determined by the roll angle. Direct characterization. The measured value of this angle directly reflects the rotational deformation of the machine tool guideway around its own axis, and its magnitude directly indicates the degree of torsion at that position.

[0057] In this embodiment, the yaw angle of each sample point is given. and pitch angle Then, the horizontal and vertical profile heights (in mm) of each sample point can be calculated and are shown in Table 4. Table 4

[0058] The contour height sequence is evaluated to find its minimum containment area. Two parallel straight lines are found that exactly encompass all data points, and their distance is minimized. The straightness error in the horizontal direction is found to be 0.61 mm, and the straightness error in the vertical direction is found to be 0.91 mm.

[0059] Specifically, in the calculation, precision measurement can be added, assuming the distance between the two closest graduations on the scale is... The error in the result is calculated using the following method: ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .

[0060] Solving the above equations simultaneously, we have the following system of equations: ; The solution is obtained from the system of equations. and calculate with The difference is used to obtain the value of each measurement point. The resulting errors are as follows: ; ; .

[0061] In this embodiment, =1mm. The errors in the three rotation angles are related to the position of the current measurement point and the degree of deformation of the current guide rail. The closer the measurement position is to the scale plate and the larger the angle, the higher the error in the yaw angle; the closer the measurement position is to the scale plate and the smaller the angle, the higher the error in the pitch angle; the closer the measurement position is to the scale plate and the smaller the angle, the higher the error in the roll angle. As shown in Table 5, for points... At each measurement point Result error: Table 5

[0062] Based on the same inventive concept, this invention also proposes a device for measuring the straightness error of machine tool guideways. The implementation of this device can be found in the implementation of the method described above; repeated details will not be repeated. Figure 5 As shown, the device 100 includes: Device setup module 101: Used to set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool; Device calibration module 102: used to calibrate the measuring device, adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate, so that when the slider is at the farthest end and the nearth end of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate, and the four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate. Coordinate measurement module 103: used to move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guide rail away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider, until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guide rail; Angle calculation module 104: Used to calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates of each stopping position, and to solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: the yaw angle of rotation around the Y-axis. Pitch angle of rotation about the X-axis Roll angle around the Z-axis ; Deformation calculation module 105: used to calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail based on the values ​​of three rotation angles.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the described module can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, the device includes a central processing unit (CPU), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on computer program instructions stored in read-only memory (ROM) or loaded from storage units into random access memory (RAM). The RAM can also store various programs and data required for device operation. The CPU, ROM, and RAM are interconnected via a bus. Input / output (I / O) interfaces are also connected to the bus.

[0065] Multiple components in the device are connected to the I / O interface, including: input units such as keyboards and mice; output units such as various types of displays and speakers; storage units such as disks and optical discs; and communication units such as network interface cards (NICs), modems, and wireless transceivers. The communication unit allows the device to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0066] The processing unit executes the various methods and processes described above, such as method steps S01 to S05. For example, in some embodiments, method steps S01 to S05 may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the device via ROM and / or a communication unit. When the computer program is loaded into RAM and executed by the CPU, one or more steps of method steps S01 to S05 described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the CPU may be configured to execute method steps S01 to S05 by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0067] The functions described above in this document can be performed at least in part by one or more hardware logic components. For example, exemplary types of hardware logic components that can be used, without limitation, include: field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and so on.

[0068] The program code used to implement the methods of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. This program code can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor or controller, the program code causes the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a standalone software package partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0069] In the context of this invention, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. Machine-readable media can include, but are not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0070] Furthermore, although the operations are described in a specific order, this should be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the specific order shown or in sequential order, or requiring that all illustrated operations be performed to achieve the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Similarly, although several specific implementation details are included in the above discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0071] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway, characterized in that, The method includes: Step S01: Set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool; Step S02: Calibrate the measuring device and adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate so that when the slider is at the farthest and nearth ends of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate, and the four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate. Step S03: Move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guideway away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guideway. Step S04: Calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates of each stopping position, and solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: the yaw angle of rotation around the Y-axis. Pitch angle of rotation about the X-axis Roll angle around the Z-axis ; The formula for calculating the position of the reference coordinates is as follows: ， ； ， ； ， ； ， ； ， ； in, The distance between the laser and the scale plate. This is the laser output port. The points are the angles between the optical axes of the four peripheral laser beams and the principal optical axis of the laser. ,point ,point ,point These are four symmetrically distributed laser points generated by the laser on the outer periphery of the scale plate; points The center point generated by the laser on the scale plate, point ,point ,point ,point ,point The reference coordinates are: ; Step S05: Based on the values ​​of the three rotation angles, calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail.

2. The method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for solving the values ​​of the three rotation angles in step S04 is as follows: ， in, For point Measurement coordinates For point Measurement coordinates, For point Measurement coordinates, For point Measurement coordinates For point The measured coordinates; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates; , For point The difference between the measured coordinates and the reference coordinates.

3. The method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The aforementioned , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Based on trigonometric functions and the distance between the laser and the scale. Calculated.

4. The method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific steps for determining the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail in step S05 are as follows: yaw angle and pitch angle This reflects the slope changes of the machine tool guideway in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. By integrating the slopes, the actual contour shape of the machine tool guideway is reconstructed. The formula for calculating the horizontal contour height sequence is as follows: The formula for calculating the vertical profile height sequence is as follows: In the formula, This represents the distance the slider moves at equal intervals each time. For the first measurement One point, The total number of measurements; The minimum region method is applied to the contour height sequences in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively to find two parallel lines that encompass the measured straight line, and the minimum distance between these two parallel lines is calculated to determine the straightness error in the horizontal and vertical directions of the computer tool guide rail. The torsion of the machine tool guideway is equal to the roll angle. .

5. The method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the horizontal contour height sequence simplifies to the following for small angles: The calculation formula for the vertical contour height sequence simplifies to the following for small angles: .

6. The method for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measured coordinates are read with increased precision, and the distance between the two adjacent scale lines on the scale plate is... The formula for calculating the result error is: ； Seek and calculate with The difference is used to obtain the value of each measurement point. The resulting errors are as follows: ； ； 。 7. A device for measuring the straightness error of a machine tool guideway, characterized in that, The device implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: Device setup module: Used to set up the measuring device, place the slider equipped with the laser on the guide rail of the machine tool to be tested, and set the horizontal distance between the scale plate and the guide rail of the machine tool. Device calibration module: used to calibrate the measuring device, adjust the relative position between the machine tool guide rail and the scale plate, so that when the slider is at the farthest and nearth ends of the machine tool guide rail, the center ray of the laser coincides with the midpoint of the scale plate, and the four oblique rays are evenly distributed around the center position of the scale plate. Coordinate measurement module: used to move the slider at equal intervals from one end of the machine tool guideway away from the scale plate and read the measurement coordinates on the scale plate corresponding to each stop position of the slider, until the slider moves to the other end of the machine tool guideway; Angle Calculation Module: Used to calculate the position of the reference coordinates corresponding to the measured coordinates of each stopping position, and to solve for the values ​​of three rotation angles, including: the yaw angle of rotation around the Y-axis. Pitch angle of rotation about the X-axis Roll angle around the Z-axis ; The formula for calculating the position of the reference coordinates is as follows: ， ； ， ； ， ； ， ； ， ； in, The distance between the laser and the scale plate. This is the laser output port. The points are the angles between the optical axes of the four peripheral laser beams and the principal optical axis of the laser. ,point ,point ,point These are four symmetrically distributed laser points generated by the laser on the outer periphery of the scale plate; points The center point generated by the laser on the scale plate, point ,point ,point ,point ,point The reference coordinates are: ; Deformation calculation module: used to calculate the horizontal straightness error, vertical straightness error, and torsion of the computer tool guide rail based on the values ​​of three rotation angles.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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