A power supply control method and system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply

Abstract

The application provides a power supply control method and system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply, the power supply control system connects a main hydrogen source and an auxiliary hydrogen source by using a flexible architecture component, and a plurality of control components and sensing components are connected in the flexible architecture component, hydrogen is introduced into a fuel cell after passing through the flexible architecture, flexible multi-level cooperation hydrogen supply is realized by cooperation of the main hydrogen source and the auxiliary hydrogen source, and stable output of the hydrogen supply system in a wide load range is realized by cooperation of the control components and the sensing components, so that the output power stability of the fuel cell is ensured; the power supply control method takes the output power of the fuel cell as a guide, quickly initializes the initial action of each component by a map table, and realizes quick fine adjustment of the control components by combining the feedback components of the sensing components, so that the hydrogen supply pressure stability of the fuel cell is ensured, and the output power stability of the fuel cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and specifically to a power supply control method and system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells are considered one of the core conversion devices of the future energy system due to their advantages such as zero carbon emissions, high energy conversion efficiency, and low noise. The output power of a hydrogen fuel cell is mainly regulated according to the input hydrogen and oxygen. Generally, oxygen is supplied by a compressor, and the pressure of oxygen can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the power / speed of the compressor. Hydrogen can come from high-pressure gas cylinders or be produced in real time. In both cases, the hydrogen pressure needs to be controlled by means of orifice plates, mechanical pressure reducing valves, or single proportional valves before being input into the hydrogen fuel cell. When using related regulating components, in the current industry design, only a few regulating components are used to regulate the hydrogen pressure in the entire hydrogen supply chain. Due to the limitation of regulation accuracy, it is impossible to achieve high-speed continuous adjustable function across the entire power range. This results in large fluctuations in the anode pressure of the hydrogen fuel cell, which on the one hand easily leads to hydrogen starvation or hydrogen excess, accelerating membrane electrode degradation, and on the other hand is not conducive to stabilizing the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell. Summary of the Invention

[0003] With the aim of rapidly and flexibly adjusting the hydrogen supply pressure to ensure the stability of the fuel cell's output power, this invention provides a power supply control method and system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply. This power supply control system, through a special structural design, achieves rapid adjustment of hydrogen pressure within a compact space, and has good structural compactness and adjustment performance, which enables the fuel cell's output power to be more stable.

[0004] Accordingly, the present invention provides a power supply control system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply, including a main hydrogen source, a secondary hydrogen source, a flexible architecture component, a control component, a sensing component, a fuel cell, and a main unit component;

[0005] The fuel cell has a hydrogen inlet and a data interface;

[0006] The flexible architecture component includes a main body, inside which a spiral gas flow channel is provided. The two ends of the gas flow channel are a main airflow inlet and a main airflow outlet, respectively. The main airflow direction is from the main airflow inlet to the main airflow outlet. The main body is provided with a plurality of auxiliary holes connected to the gas flow channel.

[0007] The main hydrogen source is connected to the main gas flow inlet, the hydrogen input port is connected to the main gas flow outlet, and the secondary hydrogen source is connected to the corresponding auxiliary port.

[0008] Multiple control components are respectively arranged on corresponding auxiliary holes, and the types of control components include pressure regulating control components for adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow channel;

[0009] Multiple sensing components are respectively arranged on corresponding auxiliary holes, and the types of sensing components include pressure sensing components.

[0010] The host component is connected to the data interface signals of the main hydrogen source, the auxiliary hydrogen source, the flexible architecture component, the control component, the sensing component, and the fuel cell, respectively.

[0011] In an optional implementation, the main hydrogen source includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, and / or the secondary hydrogen source includes a real-time hydrogen production assembly.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the main body includes an outer support and an inner support;

[0013] The outer support is a ring structure with a cut spiral groove on the inner side.

[0014] The inner support includes an inner support body and helical blades. The outer surface of the inner support body is a cylindrical surface, and the helical blades are arranged around the outer surface of the inner support body.

[0015] The spiral trajectory of the spiral blade is a first spiral trajectory, and the spiral trajectory of the spiral trajectory groove is a second spiral trajectory. The first spiral trajectory and the second spiral trajectory have the same pitch, and the radius of the second spiral trajectory is greater than the radius of the first spiral trajectory.

[0016] The inner support is disposed within the outer support based on the cooperation between the helical blade and the helical trajectory groove, and based on the cooperation between the inner side of the outer support and the outer side of the inner support body. The axial direction of the outer support is used as an axial reference. In the axial direction, the helical blade is tightly fitted with the helical trajectory groove. In the radial direction, the gas flow channel is formed between the helical blade and the helical trajectory groove.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the auxiliary hole includes an inner auxiliary hole and an outer auxiliary hole;

[0018] The inner auxiliary hole passes through the outer bracket from one side of the inner side of the outer bracket, or passes through the inner bracket and passes through the outer bracket from one side of the inner side of the outer bracket;

[0019] The external auxiliary hole passes through the outer bracket from one side of the outer side of the outer bracket.

[0020] In an optional implementation, the auxiliary holes include co-directional auxiliary holes, reverse auxiliary holes, and forward auxiliary holes;

[0021] The axial direction of the auxiliary hole is directed towards the main airflow direction at the corresponding position of the gas flow channel;

[0022] The axial direction of the reverse auxiliary hole is opposite to the direction of the main airflow at the corresponding position of the gas flow channel;

[0023] The axial direction of the positive auxiliary hole is perpendicular to the gas flow channel.

[0024] In an optional implementation, the voltage regulation control assembly includes a voltage regulation base, a push rod, and an electric drive unit;

[0025] The pressure regulating base is fixed on the main body, and the fixed position corresponds to the auxiliary hole of the pressure regulating control component.

[0026] The electric drive unit is used to drive the push rod to extend from the auxiliary hole into the gas flow channel, or to drive the push rod to retract from the gas flow channel into the auxiliary hole;

[0027] During the movement of the push rod, the push rod remains sealed to the auxiliary hole.

[0028] In an optional embodiment, the pressure sensing component includes a pressure sensor, which is disposed within the auxiliary hole and the corresponding auxiliary hole is sealed.

[0029] In an optional implementation, the pressure regulating control component and the pressure sensing component are arranged at intervals according to the trajectory direction of the gas flow channel.

[0030] Needed, the present invention also provides a power supply control method under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply, implemented based on the aforementioned power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply, comprising:

[0031] After receiving the power demand command, the host component adjusts the control parameters of the main hydrogen source, the auxiliary hydrogen source, the control component, the sensing component, and the fuel cell according to the map. The map includes multiple predefined records with the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell as the primary key. Each record includes the output power, the control parameters of the main hydrogen source, the control parameters of the auxiliary hydrogen source, the control parameters of the control component, and the control parameters of the fuel cell.

[0032] The host component receives the output power fed back by the fuel cell in real time and issues fine-tuning instructions to the control component based on the output power;

[0033] The actual effect of the fine-tuning command is evaluated based on the feedback data from the sensing components until the output power of the fuel cell matches the power demand command.

[0034] Optional implementations also include:

[0035] The host component receives feedback data from the sensing component in real time and evaluates the working status of the corresponding control component based on the feedback data.

[0036] The control component is given a fine-tuning instruction based on the operating status.

[0037] This invention discloses a power supply control method and system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply. The power supply control system achieves flexible multi-level hydrogen supply through the coordination of a main hydrogen source and a secondary hydrogen source, realizing stable output of the hydrogen supply system over a wide load range and improving economy and reliability. The structural design of the gas mixing device reduces turbulence and pressure fluctuations during gas mixing at different pressures. Combined with a power-guided feedback control algorithm, it achieves precise matching between hydrogen supply parameters and power generation requirements. The spiral flow channel and auxiliary orifice architecture design allows for the free addition or removal of modules according to power level and space constraints, providing flexibility. The interlaced design of the distributed pressure regulation control component and pressure sensing component enables timely monitoring of gas flow in the flow channel, reducing pressure fluctuations and extending the lifespan of the fuel cell. This power supply control method uses the fuel cell's output power as a guide, quickly initializing the initial actions of each component through a map and combining the feedback component of the sensing component to achieve rapid fine-tuning of the control component, ensuring the stability of the fuel cell's hydrogen supply pressure and improving the stability of the fuel cell's output power. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply control system module structure under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flexible architecture component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a front structural perspective view of the flexible architecture component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the external support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main hydrogen source module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 8This is a partial perspective view of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply control system module structure under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply of this invention. It should be noted that this schematic diagram is only used to illustrate the connection relationship between the main components in the power supply control system under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply of this invention, wherein the connecting leads overlap.

[0048] This invention provides a power supply control system for a multi-level flexible hydrogen supply system. Basically, the power supply control system for a multi-level flexible hydrogen supply system includes main components such as a main hydrogen source, a secondary hydrogen source, a flexible architecture component, a control component, a sensing component, a fuel cell, and a main unit component. Each main component will be further described below.

[0049] Flexible architecture components

[0050] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the flexible architecture component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a front structural perspective view of the flexible architecture component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the outer support 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal support 6 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Basically, the flexible architecture component includes a main body, and a spiral gas flow channel 10 is provided inside the main body. The two ends of the gas flow channel 10 are a main airflow inlet 5 and a main airflow outlet 8, respectively. The main airflow direction is from the main airflow inlet 5 to the main airflow outlet 8. The main body is provided with a plurality of auxiliary holes 7 connected to the gas flow channel 10.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the main function of the flexible architecture component is to set the gas flow channel 10 in a spiral shape, which is beneficial to obtain a gas flow channel 10 with a relatively long equivalent length on a small main structure. The gas flow channel 10 itself is also a throttling structure. As the gas flow path increases, the gas pressure will gradually decrease. Correspondingly, the gas flow channel 10 forms a special channel with different gas pressures at various points along the main airflow direction. On this basis, by setting auxiliary holes 7 on the main body, the structural characteristics of the auxiliary holes 7 themselves can be used to realize functions such as gas pressure monitoring, gas pressure regulation, and hydrogen replenishment in the gas flow channel 10. Compared with the method of setting up pipes, on the one hand, the main body provides a reliable mounting point for external related equipment. On the other hand, the main body integrates and installs all related equipment for hydrogen pressure regulation and control on the main body, which is beneficial to improve the integration of equipment. In addition, by utilizing the characteristic that the gas pressure of the gas flow channel 10 is not equal at various points and combining the position characteristics of the auxiliary holes 7, different external equipment can also be mounted in a targeted manner, which improves the flexibility of configuration.

[0056] Furthermore, based on considerations of processing feasibility and assembly feasibility, the main body includes an outer support 4 and an inner support 6;

[0057] The outer support 4 includes an outer support body 3 which is a ring structure with a cut spiral trajectory groove 9 on the inner side.

[0058] The inner support 6 includes an inner support 6 body 11 and a spiral blade 12. The outer surface of the inner support 6 body 11 is a cylindrical surface, and the spiral blade 12 is arranged around the outer surface of the inner support 6 body 11. The inner support 6 body 11 preferably adopts a cylindrical structure.

[0059] The spiral trajectory of the spiral blade 12 is a first spiral trajectory, and the spiral trajectory of the spiral trajectory groove 9 is a second spiral trajectory. The first spiral trajectory and the second spiral trajectory have the same pitch, and the radius of the second spiral trajectory is greater than the radius of the first spiral trajectory.

[0060] The inner support 6 is disposed within the outer support body 3 based on the cooperation between the helical blade 12 and the helical trajectory groove 9 and the cooperation between the inner side of the outer support body 3 and the outer side of the inner support 6 body 11. The axial direction of the outer support body 3 is used as an axial reference. In the axial direction, the helical blade 12 is tightly fitted with the helical trajectory groove 9. In the radial direction, the gas flow channel 10 is formed between the helical blade 12 and the helical trajectory groove 9.

[0061] It should be noted that, since the spiral trajectory is spirally varied, the radial direction in which the gas flow channel 10 is formed between the spiral blade 12 and the spiral trajectory groove 9 refers to the radial direction on each cross-section, that is, after the inner support 6 and the outer support body 3 are assembled, they have overlapping structures when cut by any cross-section. In the radial direction, there will be a corresponding gap structure between the spiral blade 12 and the spiral trajectory groove 9; the continuous formation of the gap structure in three-dimensional space forms the gas flow channel 10.

[0062] Specifically, the outer support 4 and inner support 6 structures provided in this embodiment of the invention have high processing convenience in actual processing; the outer side of the inner support 6 body 11 and the inner side of the outer support 4 are mutually positioned and guided to ensure the coaxiality of the inner support 6 and the outer support 4 as a whole. On this basis, the spiral blade 12 and the spiral trajectory groove 9, through the matching characteristics of the spiral structure like a screw, enable the inner support 6 to be installed on the outer support 4 by rotating and screwing it in, ensuring assembly convenience; in actual assembly, in order to ensure the fixation of the inner support 6 in the outer support 4, the two ends of the outer support body 3 are respectively provided with an upper end cover 2 and a lower end cover 1. When the inner support 6 is in place, the entire body can be fixed by locking the upper end cover 2 and the lower end cover 1; after the assembly is completed, the sealing distance at each point in the gas flow channel 10 of the main body structure has a large value, ensuring the airtightness of the gas flow channel 10.

[0063] Since the main body of the present invention is also provided with an auxiliary hole 7, when the main body adopts the above assembly structure, on the one hand, the auxiliary hole 7 can be introduced into the gas flow channel 10 from the outside of the outer support 4, and on the other hand, the auxiliary hole 7 can be introduced into the gas flow channel 10 from the hollow area (i.e. the inner side) of the inner support 6.

[0064] Correspondingly, the auxiliary hole 7 includes an inner auxiliary hole 13 and an outer auxiliary hole; the inner auxiliary hole 13 passes through the outer support 4 from one side of the inner side of the outer support 4, or passes through the inner support 6 and passes through the outer support 4 from one side of the inner side of the outer support 4 (that is, the inner auxiliary hole 13 can be a structure that only passes through the outer support 4, or a structure that passes through both the outer support 4 and the inner support 6); the outer auxiliary hole passes through the outer support 4 from one side of the outer side of the outer support 4.

[0065] It is important to note that compared to the external auxiliary hole, the internal auxiliary hole 13 has greater limitations in practical use. Due to the limited space inside the inner bracket 6, it is difficult to assemble some larger external devices later. Therefore, it is generally preferred to place the sensing component in the internal auxiliary hole 13. On the one hand, the installation of the sensing component can be completed before the inner bracket 6 is assembled to the outer bracket 4, without placing an additional heavy load on the inner bracket 6. On the other hand, the sensor's wiring harness can be bundled together or uniformly connected to a unified interface, ensuring the convenience of signal line wiring. Correspondingly, when the sensor is built into the inner bracket 6, the internal auxiliary hole 13 can be a structure that only penetrates the outer bracket 4, and the wiring can be organized through a suitable internal wiring structure on the inner bracket 6.

[0066] Furthermore, based on the spiral trajectory characteristics of the airflow channel, the auxiliary holes 7 are classified according to their orientation, including unidirectional auxiliary holes, reverse auxiliary holes, and forward auxiliary holes.

[0067] The axial direction of the auxiliary hole is directed towards the main airflow direction at the corresponding position of the gas flow channel 10;

[0068] The axial direction of the reverse auxiliary hole is opposite to the direction of the main airflow at the corresponding position of the gas flow channel 10;

[0069] The axial direction of the positive auxiliary hole is perpendicular to the gas flow channel 10.

[0070] Specifically, the auxiliary holes 7 with different orientations are beneficial for connecting and mounting external devices with different functions. For example, the auxiliary holes with the same orientation can be used to inject hydrogen to enhance or supplement the main airflow; the auxiliary holes with the opposite orientation can be used to draw out the hydrogen airflow and also to generate reverse pressure waves; the auxiliary holes with the positive orientation can be used for pressure sampling or local throttling.

[0071] In practical applications, in order to make full use of the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure gas cylinder and avoid energy loss caused by directly using components such as throttle valves, the ideal way to convert the high-pressure hydrogen flow into a suitable hydrogen flow is to draw out a high-pressure hydrogen stream through a reverse auxiliary hole, and then use the high-pressure characteristics of the high-pressure hydrogen to convert the relevant energy into energy such as electrical energy and mechanical energy for utilization. After obtaining the suitable hydrogen, it is then injected into the appropriate position of the gas flow channel 10 through the same-direction auxiliary hole, so as to make full use of the energy of the high-pressure hydrogen and reduce the overall energy loss of the system.

[0072] In practice, all auxiliary holes 7 are machined with standard threads based on ISO 6149 or SAE J1926 standards, which can be adapted to quick-connect high-pressure connectors or related connection structures. Auxiliary holes 7 related to hydrogen gas flow out and backflow can be directly connected to quick-connect sealing connectors. The connectors integrate a double sealing structure of O-rings and retaining rings, allowing hot-plugging under pressure (≤5MPa), improving the ease of installation of related additional structures. Both ends of the main body are connected to the main hydrogen source and fuel cell anode inlet via high-pressure hoses. The hoses can use a polyamide liner and a soft structure with an aramid reinforcement layer to absorb vehicle-grade vibration and impact, preventing loosening of the interfaces.

[0073] Main hydrogen source

[0074] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main hydrogen source module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] The main hydrogen source is the first (primary) hydrogen supply unit of the power supply control system under this multi-level flexible hydrogen supply system. Optionally, the main hydrogen source adopts a 70MPa high-pressure gas cylinder, with the cylinder opening integrating a solenoid valve, a temperature-driven safety relief device (TPRD), and a high-pressure reduction module. The high-pressure reduction module can reduce the 70MPa hydrogen pressure to a medium pressure of 5-10MPa, providing a stable total inlet pressure for the subsequent flexible architecture.

[0076] In practical applications, the number of high-pressure gas cylinders can be expanded in parallel according to power level. For example, a 100kW system uses 2×300L gas cylinders, which are combined through a high-pressure common rail system.

[0077] Secondary hydrogen source

[0078] The secondary hydrogen source is the second-stage (auxiliary) hydrogen supply unit. There can be multiple secondary hydrogen sources, each connected to the main hydrogen source through auxiliary port 7. These sources are used for online replenishment (providing a temporary main hydrogen source when the main hydrogen source needs to be replaced), power compensation (providing pressure replenishment when the main hydrogen source pressure is insufficient), and power increment (superimposing the hydrogen output of the main hydrogen source to achieve a higher pressure / flow rate hydrogen output).

[0079] Specifically, the actual implementation structure of the secondary hydrogen source includes:

[0080] Real-time hydrogen production components include methanol-water reforming microreactors, ammonia decomposition microreactors, water electrolysis hydrogen production modules, or reactant hydrogen generators.

[0081] Solid hydrogen storage tanks can be supported by TiMn or V alloys, and can output hydrogen gas pressure ranges from 2 to 5 MPa. Hydrogen is released through temperature control.

[0082] The high-pressure small gas cylinder can be selected with a pressure of 35MPa and a capacity of 10% of the main gas cylinder, which can maintain system operation in the event of a failure of the main gas cylinder.

[0083] The secondary hydrogen source and the main hydrogen source are connected in parallel through the auxiliary hole 7 of the flexible architecture component, physically isolated from each other, and coupled only at the working fluid level to achieve electrical redundancy.

[0084] Correspondingly, each secondary hydrogen source and its corresponding auxiliary port generally need to be connected to a solenoid valve for controlling the on / off state. Depending on actual needs, pressure regulating or flow regulating components can also be added. Correspondingly, the components related to control actions need to be connected to the central control unit.

[0085] fuel cells

[0086] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell module structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] The power supply control system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply in the fuel cell embodiment of this invention includes a hydrogen inlet and a data interface. In addition, for a typical fuel cell, besides the above structure, it also includes an oxygen inlet, a coolant inlet, a gas outlet, and a coolant outlet. The circuit containing the oxygen inlet is generally connected to a gas compressor for pumping oxygen into the fuel cell. Similarly, the circuit containing the coolant inlet is generally equipped with a liquid pump for pumping coolant into the fuel cell.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, all related accessory structures not specifically described are included in the fuel cell. That is, the fuel cell includes accessory structures not specifically described in this embodiment of the invention. Correspondingly, the control of the related accessory structures is controlled by the fuel cell (through the fuel cell's data interface).

[0089] Control components

[0090] Figure 8 This is a partial perspective view of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention. For clarity, the structures of the control components and sensing components are shown using dotted lines, which is different from the perspective structure using dashed lines.

[0091] The multiple control components are respectively arranged on the corresponding auxiliary holes 7.

[0092] Essentially, the types of control components include pressure regulating control components for adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow channel 10.

[0093] Specifically, the pressure regulating valves used in daily life are essentially components that control the ratio between the inlet and outlet sizes. Correspondingly, by changing the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow channel 10, the pressure of the gas flowing through it will be changed. In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure regulating control component is implemented by using the throttling principle to change the hydrogen pressure by reducing the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow channel 10.

[0094] Specifically, the voltage regulation control assembly includes a voltage regulation base 14, a push rod, and an electric drive unit 15;

[0095] The pressure regulating base 14 is fixed on the main body, and the fixed position corresponds to the auxiliary hole 7 of the pressure regulating control component.

[0096] The electric drive unit 15 is used to drive the push rod to extend from the auxiliary hole 7 into the gas flow channel 10, or to drive the push rod to retract from the gas flow channel 10 into the auxiliary hole 7;

[0097] During the movement of the push rod, the push rod remains to seal the auxiliary hole 7.

[0098] In practical use, the pressure regulating control component function of this embodiment of the invention can be realized by using a pre-made electric push rod 16 and adding a pressure regulating base 14. Specifically, the pressure regulating base 14 is threaded onto the corresponding auxiliary hole 7, and the push rod is driven to extend and retract by the electric drive unit 15.

[0099] In practical applications, the number of pressure regulating control components can be multiple. Correspondingly, when pressure regulation is required, multiple pressure regulating components can operate together. Each pressure regulating control component has a small movement amplitude, resulting in a fast overall pressure regulation speed. Compared with the method of using a single pressure regulating element, it will not cause the formation of an impact hammer due to rapid changes in air pressure, thus reducing vibration.

[0100] Sensing components

[0101] (Refer to the attached diagram) Figure 8 Indication.

[0102] Multiple sensing components are respectively arranged on corresponding auxiliary holes 7, and the types of sensing components include pressure sensing components.

[0103] Specifically, the pressure sensing assembly includes a pressure sensor 18, which is disposed within and seals the auxiliary hole 7. Correspondingly, to facilitate the installation of the pressure sensor 18, the pressure sensing assembly also includes a sensor base 17, which is threaded into and seals the auxiliary hole 7. The pressure sensor 18 is fixed by a connecting rod structure extending into the auxiliary hole 7.

[0104] The data cable structure of the pressure sensor 18 can be arranged on the surface of the sensor base via contacts to ensure sealing.

[0105] Furthermore, combining the pressure regulation principle of the pressure regulation control component and the data sensing object of the pressure sensing component, the pressure regulation control component and the pressure sensing component are arranged at intervals according to the trajectory direction of the gas flow channel 10. The pressure sensing component located in front of the pressure regulation control component can obtain the pressure value of hydrogen before passing through the corresponding pressure sensing component, and the pressure sensing component located behind the pressure regulation control component can obtain the pressure value of hydrogen after passing through the corresponding pressure sensor 18, thus providing adjustment data support for each pressure sensing component.

[0106] Host Components

[0107] Basically, the host component is connected to the main hydrogen source, the auxiliary hydrogen source, the flexible architecture component, the control component, the sensing component, and the data interface signal of the fuel cell.

[0108] In practical implementation, the host component can be a microcomputer system used to manage the operation of the power supply control system under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply system, and to take over the control of peripheral systems related to the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell. Based on the above descriptions of the components, the host component of this embodiment is actually connected to the following objects:

[0109] The solenoid valve in the main hydrogen source;

[0110] The auxiliary hydrogen source contains components that control the generation gas flow and connect it to the auxiliary port 7, and / or regulate pressure and speed.

[0111] Electric drive devices in control components, such as electric drive unit 15 in voltage regulation control components;

[0112] Sensors in sensing components, such as pressure sensor 18 in pressure sensing components;

[0113] Data interface for fuel cells.

[0114] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention provide a power supply control method, implemented based on the above-mentioned multi-level flexible hydrogen supply power supply control system, including:

[0115] S101: After receiving the power demand command, the host component adjusts the control parameters of the main hydrogen source, the auxiliary hydrogen source, the control component, the sensing component, and the fuel cell according to the map.

[0116] Specifically, the map is preset for the power supply control system under the corresponding multi-level flexible hydrogen supply. Its purpose is to quickly adjust the initial state of each component in the entire system after specifying the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell, so as to match the needs of the hydrogen fuel cell as quickly as possible.

[0117] Accordingly, the map includes multiple predefined records with the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell as the primary key. Each record includes the output power, control parameters of the main hydrogen source, control parameters of the auxiliary hydrogen source, control parameters of the control components, and control parameters of the fuel cell. For the actual structure of this embodiment, the data content of the records is shown in Table 1.

[0118] Table 1

[0119]

[0120] It should be noted that in actual implementation, some component structures are multiple. Accordingly, each record should specify the control content for each component to ensure the stability of the system operation.

[0121] In some applications, after the relevant control parameters are issued as commands, the components can parse the commands and then perform the corresponding actions. The relevant content of the control signals can be implemented based on existing technologies.

[0122] S102: The host component receives the output power fed back by the fuel cell in real time, and issues a fine-tuning command to the control component based on the output power. The actual effect of the fine-tuning command is evaluated based on the feedback data of the sensing component until the output power fed back by the fuel cell matches the power demand command.

[0123] Specifically, once the initial states of each component are determined, the final output hydrogen pressure / flow rate requirement is already close to that of the fuel cell. In actual implementation, dynamic adjustments are still needed to ensure the stability of the final fuel cell output power.

[0124] Furthermore, the power supply control method under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply also includes:

[0125] S103: The host component receives feedback data from the sensing component in real time and evaluates the working status of the corresponding control component based on the feedback data;

[0126] S104: Issue a fine-tuning command to the control component based on the operating status.

[0127] In steps S103 and S104, the operating status of the control component is directly evaluated based on the feedback data from the sensing component, and a fine-tuning command is issued to the control component according to the operating status. This implementation step is mainly to ensure that the action of the control component can meet the preset functional requirements. For example, after the pressure regulating control component takes action, it needs to achieve a preset pressure reduction effect. However, the pressure sensing component after the pressure regulating control component finds that the hydrogen flow passing through the pressure regulating control component has not achieved the required pressure reduction effect. At this time, the pressure regulating control component needs to be adjusted through a fine-tuning command.

[0128] It should be noted that in steps S102 and S104, the host component controls the corresponding control component by issuing fine-tuning instructions. As for the fine-tuning instructions themselves, the content of the fine-tuning instructions in the two steps is the same, and the difference lies mainly in the different conditions under which the fine-tuning instructions are generated.

[0129] Specifically, the entire power supply control system has a dynamic adjustment function. The basis for dynamic adjustment mainly comes from two aspects. One is the output power. If the output power is too low, it indicates that the flow rate / pressure of hydrogen and oxygen needs to be fine-tuned. As exemplified in step S102, the control component is given a fine-tuning command based on the fluctuation of the output power. The other is the error generated by the component itself. Referring to the examples in steps S103 and S104, the control component senses the working status of the corresponding control component through real-time feedback data from the sensing component, and then fine-tunes the control component according to the working status. For example, according to the preset program parameters, when a certain electric drive unit performs an action, the pressure needs to be reduced by 0.1 MPa. However, when the pressure change of hydrogen before and after is detected, the pressure actually only decreases by 0.05 MPa. At this time, the electric drive unit needs to be re-designated to meet the functional requirements.

[0130] In fact, the steps exemplified in step S102 can be understood as active dynamic adjustment, while the steps exemplified in steps S103 and S104 can be understood as passive dynamic adjustment. Passive dynamic adjustment essentially occurs during the entire system's operation and is a self-correcting measure for the system. This is one of the reasons why the pressure regulation control component and the pressure sensing component are arranged alternately in the system of this embodiment. In addition, passive dynamic adjustment can effectively ensure that the hydrogen is regulated before entering the fuel cell stack, reducing pressure fluctuations in the hydrogen flow. Active dynamic adjustment can only be performed after the fuel cell stack is actually in operation. Therefore, based on the functions of these two sets of dynamic adjustment, the power supply control system under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply of this embodiment has a faster hydrogen regulation function.

[0131] In summary, this invention discloses a power supply control method and system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply. This power supply control system achieves flexible multi-level hydrogen supply through the coordination of the main hydrogen source and the auxiliary hydrogen source, realizing stable output of the hydrogen supply system over a wide load range and improving economy and reliability. The structural design of the gas mixing device reduces turbulence and pressure fluctuations during gas mixing at different pressures. Combined with a power-guided feedback control algorithm, it achieves precise matching between hydrogen supply parameters and power generation requirements. The spiral flow channel and auxiliary orifice architecture design allows for the free addition or removal of modules according to power level and space constraints, providing flexibility. The interlaced design structure of the distributed pressure regulation control component and the pressure sensing component enables timely monitoring of gas flow in the flow channel, reducing pressure fluctuations and extending the service life of the fuel cell. This power supply control method uses the fuel cell's output power as a guide, quickly initializing the initial actions of each component through a map and combining the feedback component of the sensing component to achieve rapid fine-tuning of the control component, ensuring the stability of the fuel cell's hydrogen supply pressure and improving the stability of the fuel cell's output power.

[0132] The above provides a detailed description of a power supply control method and system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply control system for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply, characterized in that, It includes the main hydrogen source, secondary hydrogen source, flexible architecture components, control components, sensing components, fuel cells, and main unit components; The fuel cell has a hydrogen inlet and a data interface; The flexible architecture component includes a main body, inside which a spiral gas flow channel is provided. The two ends of the gas flow channel are a main airflow inlet and a main airflow outlet, respectively. The main airflow direction is from the main airflow inlet to the main airflow outlet. The main body is provided with a plurality of auxiliary holes connected to the gas flow channel. The main hydrogen source is connected to the main gas flow inlet, the hydrogen input port is connected to the main gas flow outlet, and the secondary hydrogen source is connected to the corresponding auxiliary port. Multiple control components are respectively arranged on corresponding auxiliary holes, and the types of control components include pressure regulating control components for adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas flow channel; Multiple sensing components are respectively arranged on corresponding auxiliary holes, and the types of sensing components include pressure sensing components. The host component is connected to the data interface signals of the main hydrogen source, the auxiliary hydrogen source, the flexible architecture component, the control component, the sensing component, and the fuel cell, respectively.

2. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main hydrogen source includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, and / or the secondary hydrogen source includes a real-time hydrogen production assembly.

3. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main body includes an outer support and an inner support; The outer support is a ring structure with a cut spiral groove on the inner side. The inner support includes an inner support body and helical blades. The outer surface of the inner support body is a cylindrical surface, and the helical blades are arranged around the outer surface of the inner support body. The spiral trajectory of the spiral blade is a first spiral trajectory, and the spiral trajectory of the spiral trajectory groove is a second spiral trajectory. The first spiral trajectory and the second spiral trajectory have the same pitch, and the radius of the second spiral trajectory is greater than the radius of the first spiral trajectory. The inner support is disposed within the outer support based on the cooperation between the helical blade and the helical trajectory groove, and based on the cooperation between the inner side of the outer support and the outer side of the inner support body. The outer support's axial direction is used as an axial reference. In the axial direction, the helical blade is tightly fitted with the helical trajectory groove. In the radial direction, the gas flow channel is formed between the helical blade and the helical trajectory groove.

4. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The auxiliary holes include inner auxiliary holes and outer auxiliary holes; The inner auxiliary hole passes through the outer bracket from one side of the inner side of the outer bracket, or passes through the inner bracket and passes through the outer bracket from one side of the inner side of the outer bracket; The external auxiliary hole passes through the outer bracket from one side of the outer side of the outer bracket.

5. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Therefore, auxiliary holes include unidirectional auxiliary holes, reverse auxiliary holes, and forward auxiliary holes; The axial direction of the auxiliary hole is directed towards the main airflow direction at the corresponding position of the gas flow channel; The axial direction of the reverse auxiliary hole is opposite to the direction of the main airflow at the corresponding position of the gas flow channel; The axial direction of the positive auxiliary hole is perpendicular to the gas flow channel.

6. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation control assembly includes a voltage regulation base, a push rod, and an electric drive unit; The pressure regulating base is fixed on the main body, and the fixed position corresponds to the auxiliary hole of the pressure regulating control component. The electric drive unit is used to drive the push rod to extend from the auxiliary hole into the gas flow channel, or to drive the push rod to retract from the gas flow channel into the auxiliary hole; During the movement of the push rod, the push rod remains sealed to the auxiliary hole.

7. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensing component includes a pressure sensor, which is disposed in the auxiliary hole and the corresponding auxiliary hole is sealed.

8. The power supply control system under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulation control component and the pressure sensing component are arranged at intervals according to the trajectory direction of the gas flow channel.

9. A power supply control method for multi-level flexible hydrogen supply, characterized in that, The power supply control system based on any one of claims 1 to 7 under the multi-level flexible hydrogen supply is implemented, including: After receiving the power demand command, the host component adjusts the control parameters of the main hydrogen source, the auxiliary hydrogen source, the control component, the sensing component, and the fuel cell according to the map. The map includes multiple predefined records with the output power of the hydrogen fuel cell as the primary key. Each record includes the output power, the control parameters of the main hydrogen source, the control parameters of the auxiliary hydrogen source, the control parameters of the control component, and the control parameters of the fuel cell. The host component receives the output power fed back by the fuel cell in real time, and issues fine-tuning commands to the control component based on the output power. The actual effect of the fine-tuning commands is evaluated based on the feedback data of the sensing component until the output power fed back by the fuel cell matches the power demand command.

10. The power supply control method under multi-level flexible hydrogen supply as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The host component receives feedback data from the sensing component in real time and evaluates the working status of the corresponding control component based on the feedback data. The control component is given a fine-tuning instruction based on the operating status.

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