Multi-band dynamic switching filter based on coupled tunable mechanism

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of filter technology, specifically to a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism. The filter includes a filter and a mechanical tuning mechanism. A hexahedral split housing, through modular stacking and sealing rings, improves space utilization and protection level. The detachable top cover and base design reduces mold complexity. Combined with wave-shaped heat dissipation fins and curved slots, it achieves rapid maintenance and efficient heat dissipation, while also supporting multi-angle self-cleaning to meet the needs of dusty environments. A nickel-plated aluminum alloy shielding layer and silver-containing conductive strips work together to suppress electromagnetic interference. A honeycomb heat dissipation grille enhances structural rigidity and thermal convection. It supports online upgrades and partial maintenance, reducing the total lifecycle cost and adapting to the long-term stable operation requirements of harsh scenarios such as deep sea and base stations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of filter technology, specifically to a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of electronic systems, filters suppress interference signals through frequency selectivity and are widely used in communications, power, and precision instruments. Mechanically tuned filters, in particular, achieve dynamic frequency band adaptation by adjusting the physical parameters of resonant units such as oscillators and elastic diaphragms, offering advantages such as high Q-value and low insertion loss in radar and acoustic detection applications. However, mechanical structures are extremely sensitive to temperature and humidity. Temperature fluctuations cause thermal expansion and contraction of materials, leading to resonant frequency drift; humidity changes also exacerbate metal oxidation and dielectric losses, reducing long-term stability.

[0003] Meanwhile, electromagnetic interference couples to the internal circuitry through structural gaps, causing a deterioration in the signal-to-noise ratio. Existing protection solutions mostly employ sealing potting or discrete shielding layers, but the former hinders heat dissipation and can lead to uncontrolled temperature rise, while the latter increases size and weight, making it difficult to meet the requirements of compact devices.

[0004] There is an urgent need for an integrated protection architecture that can maintain mechanical tuning sensitivity while ensuring temperature and humidity stability and electromagnetic compatibility, so as to meet the reliable operation requirements of harsh scenarios such as 5G base stations and deep-sea exploration.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism, which solves the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism; thereby resolving three major contradictions faced by current mechanically tuned filters in complex environments: ① the contradiction between sealing requirements and heat dissipation efficiency; ② the contradiction between lightweight design and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness; ③ the contradiction between dynamic tuning accuracy and environmental immunity.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism, including a filter and a mechanical tuning mechanism. The filter and the tuning mechanism are electrically connected, and both are installed in a protective shell. The protective shell has a hexahedral structure and adopts a split design. The top cover and the base can be separated. In addition, it also includes a top surface.

[0008] The top surface is fixedly installed on the top cover and is designed as a wave-shaped heat dissipation fin to increase the heat dissipation surface area. The edge of the top cover is provided with a curved groove that fits the wave-shaped curved surface of the top surface.

[0009] Preferably, the connection between the top surface and the top cover is planar, inclined, or conical.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing valve is fixedly installed on one side of the protective shell, and multiple temperature control tubes are arranged in an "S" shape around the top surface, with the first and last ends of the temperature control tubes connected to the inlet and outlet of the sealing valve, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the filter and tuning mechanism are fixedly mounted on the base, and the protective housing has a wiring port with a self-sealing ring.

[0012] Preferably, the middle part of the temperature control tube is exposed in the inner cavity of the protective shell, and the exposed section is a telescopic elastic structure. The top surface away from the sealing valve is elastically connected to a pressure shaft by a pressure spring. The pressure shaft contacts the temperature control tube and presses it down to the position of the electrical components near the surface of the filter. Preferably, a proximity frame is movably installed in the inner cavity of the protective shell, and a docking pin is provided at each of the four corners of the proximity frame. The base is provided with a pin hole that matches the docking pin. Multiple sets of proximity holes are evenly opened on the proximity frame. A proximity shaft is movably installed in two opposite proximity holes. A proximity plate is movably installed on the proximity shaft. The bottom of the proximity plate is in contact with the temperature control tube. Preferably, a set of inner support rods are slidably installed at both ends of the proximity shaft by means of built-in springs, and the inner support rods engage with the proximity hole 302; Preferably, the contact piece has a "Y" shaped structure, with a groove on the contact axis that engages with the contact piece, the upper expansion portion of the contact piece contacting the top surface, and a notch groove at the bottom of the contact piece that matches the outer contour of the temperature control.

[0013] Preferably, the inner walls at both the upper and lower ends of the protective shell are provided with annular grooves for sealing, and electromagnetic sealing strips containing conductive silicone with silver particles are embedded in the annular grooves to cover all joint surface gaps.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the protective shell is uniformly provided with honeycomb-shaped copper heat dissipation grids, and the base facing the inner side of the protective shell is provided with an enclosing ring on all four sides to prevent moisture from entering from the bottom.

[0015] Preferably, a humidity sensor is provided on the enclosure ring, and dehumidification chambers for filling dehumidifying particles are provided at the four corners of the enclosure ring, and through holes are uniformly opened on the side of the dehumidification chamber facing the filter.

[0016] Preferably, the protective outer shell has a sandwich layer in the middle, and a nickel-plated aluminum alloy electromagnetic shielding layer is embedded in the sandwich layer.

[0017] Preferably, the protective shell and the base have symmetrically formed deformation grooves at their contact surfaces, and elastic cylindrical rubber plugs with heat and freeze protection capabilities are embedded in the deformation grooves, with several rubber plugs arranged in a matrix.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Integrated structure optimization: The hexahedral split shell improves space utilization and protection level through modular stacking and sealing ring; the top cover and base can be separated to reduce mold complexity, and combined with wave-shaped heat dissipation fins and curved slots, it can achieve rapid maintenance and efficient heat dissipation, while being compatible with multi-angle self-cleaning to meet the needs of dust environment adaptability.

[0019] (2) Enhanced environmental interference resistance: The nickel-plated aluminum alloy shielding layer and the silver-containing conductive rubber strip work together to suppress electromagnetic interference, and the honeycomb heat dissipation grid strengthens the structural rigidity and heat convection; the dehumidification chamber works with the humidity sensor to actively adsorb moisture, and the matrix layout of the elastic rubber plugs attenuates broadband vibration, taking into account both corrosion resistance and temperature change resistance.

[0020] (3) Dynamic control compatibility: The temperature control tube and the sealing valve are linked to introduce external hot and cold media to balance the internal temperature field fluctuations; online upgrades and local maintenance are supported to reduce the total life cycle cost and adapt to the long-term stable operation requirements of harsh scenarios such as deep sea and base stations. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top-down view; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the AA direction section; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the filter and the protective housing in this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point B in the diagram; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point C in the diagram; Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point D in the diagram; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of temperature control tubes and proximity plates Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point E; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sloping arrangement on the top surface; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the conical arrangement on the top surface; In the picture: 1. Filter; 2. Tuning mechanism; 3. Protective housing; 4. Top cover; 5. Base; 6. Top surface; 41. Slot; 31. Sealing valve; 60. Compression spring; 601. Compression shaft; 30. Proximity frame; 301. Connecting pin; 50. Pin hole; 302. Proximity hole; 303. Proximity shaft; 304. Proximity plate; 305. Inner support rod; 306. Slot; 61. Temperature control tube; 32. Wiring port; 33. Circular groove; 34. Rubber strip; 35. Heat dissipation grille; 51. Enclosing ring; 52. Dehumidification chamber; 36. Electromagnetic shielding layer; 37. Deformation groove; 38. Rubber plug. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] This invention provides a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism, which solves three major contradictions faced by current mechanically tuned filters in complex environments: ① the contradiction between sealing requirements and heat dissipation efficiency; ② the contradiction between lightweight design and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness; ③ the contradiction between dynamic tuning accuracy and environmental immunity.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the present invention proposes a multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism, including a filter 1 and a mechanical tuning mechanism 2. The filter 1 and the tuning mechanism 2 are electrically connected, and both are installed in a protective housing 3. The protective housing 3 has a hexahedral structure and adopts a split design. The top cover 4 and the base 5 are separable. In addition, it also includes a top surface 6.

[0026] By designing the protective shell 3, the top cover 4, and the base 5 as a hexahedral structure, the following effects are achieved: Space utilization: The hexahedral structure maximizes the use of equipment installation space, such as the standard "U" position of the cabinet, and is seamlessly compatible with the rectangular layout commonly found in industrial sites.

[0027] Modular stacking: Multiple filter housings can be installed side by side or stacked, reducing cable bridging distance and lowering the risk of electromagnetic interference.

[0028] Easy sealing: IP67 protection can be achieved on the six planes with simple sealing rings such as fluororubber O-rings, at a lower cost than sealing solutions for irregular structures.

[0029] Furthermore, the modular installation method allows the complex internal structure of the housing to be separated and molded separately for the upper and lower covers, reducing mold complexity and achieving the following benefits: Quick maintenance: The top cover can be opened without disassembling the entire unit, shortening maintenance time compared to the integrated type.

[0030] Module replacement: Consumables such as the top 6 layers and the 2 components of the tuning mechanism can be easily replaced through the split structure, extending the life of the outer shell.

[0031] Flexible upgrades: When adding new sensors such as temperature and humidity probes or functional modules such as dehumidifiers, only local areas need to be modified, avoiding the need for a complete replacement.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the top surface 6 is fixedly installed on the upper cover 4 and is designed as a wave-shaped heat dissipation fin to increase the heat dissipation surface area. The edge of the upper cover 4 is provided with a curved groove 41 that fits the wave-shaped curved surface of the top surface 6.

[0033] The use of heat dissipation fins increases the heat dissipation capacity of filter 1 under high temperature or heavy load conditions, and improves the operational stability of internal electronic components. The slot design makes the top surface 6 easy to replace, thus facilitating installation and disassembly during maintenance.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the connection between the top surface 6 and the upper cover 4 can be planar, inclined, or conical.

[0035] When used in dusty environments, by changing the tilt of the top surface 6 and optimizing the surface material, it can facilitate the self-sliding of dust after it adheres, thus possessing self-cleaning capabilities.

[0036] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a sealing valve 31 is fixedly installed on one side of the protective shell 3, and multiple temperature control tubes 61 are arranged in an "S" shape around the top surface 6, with the first and last ends of the temperature control tubes 61 connected to the inlet and outlet of the sealing valve 31 respectively.

[0037] The sealing valve 31 can balance the average temperature of the working area of ​​the filter 1 by introducing hot or cold air or water from the external temperature control component in high and low temperature environments, so that the filter 1 is in a reasonable range, thereby further improving the working stability of the filter 1 and the mechanical tuning mechanism 2.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the temperature control tube 61 is exposed in the inner cavity of the protective shell 3, and the exposed section is a telescopic elastic structure. The top surface 6 away from the sealing valve 31 is elastically connected to the pressure shaft 601 by the pressure spring 60. The pressure shaft 601 contacts the temperature control tube 61 and presses it down to the position of the electrical components on the surface of the filter 1. A proximity frame 30 is movably installed in the inner cavity of the protective shell 3. A docking pin 301 is provided at each of the four corners of the proximity frame 30. A pin hole 50 that mates with the docking pin is provided on the base 5. Multiple sets of proximity holes 302 are evenly provided on the proximity frame 30. A proximity shaft 303 is movably installed in two opposite proximity holes 302. A proximity piece 304 is movably installed on the proximity shaft 303. The bottom of the proximity piece 304 contacts the temperature control tube 61. Both ends of the proximity shaft 303 are slidably mounted with a set of inner support rods 305 via built-in springs, and the inner support rods 305 engage with the proximity hole 302; The proximity piece 304 has a "Y" shaped structure. A groove 306 is provided on the proximity shaft 303 to engage with the proximity piece 304. The upper expansion portion of the proximity piece 304 contacts the top surface. A notch is provided at the bottom of the proximity piece 304 to match the outer contour of the temperature control tube 61.

[0039] During operation, under the elastic action of the downward spring 60, a portion of the temperature control tube 61 is pressed down and brought close to the electronic components of the filter 1, partially embedding itself in the gap between two adjacent components. In subsequent use, the temperature control tube 61 can promptly absorb and dissipate the heat generated by the components, achieving a heat insulation effect and reducing the heat island effect. Secondly, depending on usage requirements, the proximity shaft 303 can be adjusted to align with the proximity holes 302 at different positions; one or more sets can be installed. After the proximity shaft 303 is installed, depending on its installation position, the tilted temperature control tube 61 can be further pressed down and brought closer to the electronic components on the filter 1, improving the heat absorption and dissipation effect at the heat source. Furthermore, depending on the actual installation height and range of the electronic components... Pinch the upper part of the contact piece 304 to close it up. After closing, the contact piece 304 can pass through the groove 306. At this time, the notch at the bottom of the contact piece 304 contacts the temperature control tube 61 and presses it down to embed it into the gap of the electronic component. This process can be adjusted according to the gap of the electronic component in different positions and the size of the installation height. After the temperature control tube 61 is pressed down, release the pinching effect on the contact piece 304. The contact piece 304 expands under its own toughness and locks firmly into the inner cavity of the groove 306, thereby fixing the posture of the temperature control tube 61. When the installation position of the contact piece 304 is not adjusted, its top extension contacts the top surface 6. Through the thermal conductivity of its own material, the heat in the inner cavity of the protective shell 3 is transferred to the top surface 6, further improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the filter 1 and the tuning mechanism 2 are fixedly installed on the base 5, and the protective housing 3 has a wiring port 32 with a self-sealing ring.

[0041] Wiring port 32 is used for the linear connection between filter 1 and external circuitry.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the protective shell 3 are provided with annular grooves 33 for sealing. Electromagnetic sealing strips 34 containing conductive silicone with silver particles are embedded in the annular grooves 33 to cover all joint surface gaps. A sandwich layer is provided in the middle of the protective shell 3, and a nickel-plated aluminum alloy electromagnetic shielding layer 36 is embedded in the sandwich layer.

[0043] The electromagnetic sealing strip 34 and electromagnetic shielding layer 36 are both used to achieve the electromagnetic isolation and shielding effect of the protective shell 3, improve the operational stability of the filter 1 and the tuning mechanism 2, and at the same time, utilize their own compression characteristics to fill the edge gaps of the hexahedral structure to achieve a basic sealing effect.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall of the protective shell 3 is uniformly provided with honeycomb copper heat dissipation grilles 35, and the base 5 facing the inner side of the protective shell 3 is provided with an enclosure ring 51 that is raised upwards on all four sides to prevent moisture from entering from the bottom.

[0045] The heat dissipation grille 35 is further used to improve the heat dissipation and electromagnetic shielding effect of the working area of ​​the filter 1, while also improving the structural rigidity of the protective shell 3 itself, so as to prevent deformation and collapse under external pressure in case of unexpected emergencies.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, a humidity sensor is provided on the enclosure ring 51, and dehumidification chambers 52 for filling dehumidification particles are provided at the four corners of the enclosure ring 51. The dehumidification chambers 52 facing the filter 1 have through holes evenly distributed.

[0047] The humidity sensor is used to monitor humidity changes at the location of filter 1. Combined with the moisture adsorption effect of dehumidifying particles, it improves the dryness of the working area of ​​electronic devices and enhances safety.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the protective shell 3 and the base 5 have symmetrically formed deformation grooves 37 at their contact surfaces. The deformation grooves 37 are embedded with elastic cylindrical rubber plugs 38 that have heat and freeze protection capabilities. Several rubber plugs 38 are arranged in a matrix.

[0049] The use of rubber plugs 38 achieves vibration damping and buffering between the protective shell 3 and the base 5. When the external wiring harness is connected through the wiring port 32, the elastic expansion and contraction of the rubber plugs 38 improves the stability of the interface connection performance. At the same time, the corrosion resistance and temperature change resistance of the rubber plugs 38 extend the service life. Unlike the spring design, the discretely distributed rubber units can specifically attenuate vibrations of different frequencies. When damaged, the rubber plugs can be replaced individually, resulting in low maintenance costs. It has the characteristics of low cost and good effect.

[0050] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism, comprising a filter (1) and a tuning mechanism (2), characterized in that, The filter (1) is electrically connected to the tuning mechanism (2), and both are installed in the protective housing (3). The protective housing (3) has a hexahedral structure and adopts a split design. The top cover (4) and the base (5) are separable. In addition, it also includes Top surface (6), the top surface (6) is fixedly installed on the upper cover (4) and is designed as a wave-shaped heat dissipation fin to increase the heat dissipation surface area. The edge of the upper cover (4) is provided with a curved groove (41) that fits the wave-shaped curved surface of the top surface (6). A sealing valve (31) is fixedly installed on one side of the protective shell (3), and multiple temperature control tubes (61) are arranged in an "S" shape around the top surface (6), with the first and last ends of the temperature control tubes (61) connected to the inlet and outlet of the sealing valve (31) respectively. The temperature control tube (61) is exposed in the inner cavity of the protective shell (3) in the middle, and the exposed section is a telescopic elastic structure. The top surface (6) away from the sealing valve (31) is elastically connected to the pressure shaft (601) by the pressure spring (60). The pressure shaft (601) contacts the temperature control tube (61) and presses it down to the position of the electrical components on the surface of the filter (1).

2. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the top surface (6) and the top cover (4) can be planar, inclined, or conical.

3. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (3) has a proximity frame (30) movably installed in its inner cavity. Each of the four corners of the proximity frame (30) is provided with a docking pin (301). The base (5) has a pin hole (50) that matches the docking pin. Multiple proximity holes (302) are evenly provided on the proximity frame (30). A proximity shaft (303) is movably installed in two opposite proximity holes (302). A proximity piece (304) is movably installed on the proximity shaft (303). The bottom of the proximity piece (304) is in contact with the temperature control tube (61).

4. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the protective shell (3) are provided with annular grooves (33) for sealing. Electromagnetic sealing strips (34) containing silver particles and conductive silicone are embedded in the annular grooves (33) to cover all joint surface gaps.

5. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the protective shell (3) is uniformly provided with honeycomb copper heat dissipation grids (35), and the base (5) facing the inner side of the protective shell (3) is provided with an enclosure ring (51) that is raised upwards on all four sides to prevent moisture from entering from the bottom.

6. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A humidity sensor is provided on the enclosure ring (51), and dehumidification chambers (52) for filling dehumidification particles are provided at the four corners of the enclosure ring (51), and through holes are uniformly opened on the side of the dehumidification chamber (52) facing the filter (1).

7. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (3) has a sandwich layer in the middle, and a nickel-plated aluminum alloy electromagnetic shielding layer (36) is embedded in the sandwich layer.

8. The multi-band dynamic switching filter based on a coupled tunable mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The protective shell (3) and the base (5) are symmetrically provided with deformation grooves (37), and the deformation grooves (37) are embedded with elastic cylindrical rubber plugs (38) with heat and freeze protection capabilities. Several rubber plugs (38) are arranged in a matrix.

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