Ventilator capable of controlling temperature and humidity of pipeline and display unit thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of breathing machine and its display unit of controllable pipeline temperature and humidity, and the breathing machine pipeline of breathing machine is provided with humidity monitoring control system;The system includes breathing pipeline, temperature and humidity detection unit and display unit.Temperature and humidity detection unit is arranged in the breathing pipeline near the side of patient, for detecting absolute humidity and temperature and flashing display on display unit;Display unit is integrated with control module, control module sends first control information to heating element and / or breathing machine flow valve to regulate the temperature of breathing gas, sends second control information to breathing machine flow valve to regulate the humidity of breathing gas, and based on second control information, heating element is started to heat, rather than reducing the gas flow increased by breathing machine flow valve.The present application solves the problem that temperature and humidity control is not synchronized in the prior art, and temperature reduction leads to abnormal humidity, realizes the dynamic collaborative regulation of breathing gas temperature and humidity, and improves artificial ventilation safety.

Description

[0001] The original basis for this divisional application is patent application No. 202210856025.6, filed on July 14, 2022, entitled "A Temperature and Humidity Monitoring and Control Device and System for a Ventilator Tube". Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of ventilator technology, and more particularly to a ventilator with controllable tubing temperature and humidity and its display unit. Background Technology

[0003] Existing ventilators are designed for artificial ventilation, providing respiratory care or assisting patients' breathing. These ventilators typically have a humidifier attached to the ventilator tubing. Normally, during respiration, the inhaled air is heated and humidified by the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose, reaching the alveoli with appropriate temperature and humidity. However, in situations requiring artificial ventilation, such as during ventilator-assisted ventilation, if the ventilator does not heat and humidify the inhaled air before it enters the alveoli and other tissues, there is a high probability of ventilation failure, posing a risk to the patient. To avoid this, a heated humidifier is often used during artificial ventilation to heat and humidify the air entering the ventilator. Existing technologies commonly employ heated humidifiers, humidification bottles, jet nebulizers, ultrasonic nebulizers, and ventilator humidifiers (MR810 and MR850 models). However, although heated and humidified inhaled gas is crucial for patients using ventilators, in actual medical care, only the current temperature and humidity of the gas within the humidifier are monitored, without actual detection of the inhaled gas. Because gas is greatly affected by the external environment, changes in temperature and humidity within the humidifier may not provide beneficial effects for the patient. For example, in hot and dry environments, gas heated and humidified by the humidifier can cause discomfort, especially in cases of insufficient humidity in the artificial airway. This can lead to the formation of phlegm deposits, causing airway obstruction and potentially resulting in lung infections and other adverse consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device and system capable of regulating the absolute temperature and humidity of the gas.

[0004] Chinese patent CN106178220A discloses a ventilator anti-condensation control system, including a ventilator humidifier, a proximal temperature and humidity acquisition device for collecting temperature and humidity values ​​inside the ventilator tubing at the patient end, a distal temperature and humidity acquisition device for collecting temperature and humidity values ​​at the outlet of the humidifier, a heating device, and an anti-condensation controller. By collecting temperature and humidity values ​​inside the ventilator tubing at the patient end and at the outlet of the humidifier, and adjusting the humidification power of the humidifier and / or the output power of the heating device based on the collected values, the relative humidity of the gas inside the ventilator tubing is controlled to remain below 100% RH, meaning the gas is unsaturated with water. This achieves both meeting the humidification requirements of the ventilator and effectively preventing water vapor condensation. This invention also proposes a ventilator anti-condensation control method. The patent's shortcomings lie in the fact that the temperature and humidity in the breathing circuit are not simultaneously high or low. Adjusting only the humidification power of the humidifier and / or the output power of the heating device can only change the relative humidity of the gas in the ventilator tubing, without considering the impact of temperature changes on the patient. Changing the humidification power of the humidifier also causes temperature changes, and changing the output power of the heating wire cannot effectively and quickly cool the temperature. This cooling process relies solely on natural heat dissipation, resulting in a significant time commitment to achieve the desired temperature and humidity, which could have serious consequences for the patient, even leading to the failure of artificial ventilation. Furthermore, this control method does not consider the comparative effects of external factors. For example, when the external temperature is too high, condensation may still occur even at the preset threshold, failing to completely eliminate the risk of tubing blockage. Moreover, the control method is simplistic, changing the power based solely on detecting high or low humidity, making the control approach crude.

[0005] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventors studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention provides a ventilator tubing temperature and humidity monitoring and control system, comprising at least: a temperature and humidity detection unit for detecting temperature and humidity changes in the breathing tubing; and a display unit for displaying the temperature and absolute humidity obtained based on the temperature and humidity changes. When the temperature and humidity detection unit transmits the collected temperature and humidity changes, a control module in the display unit dynamically changes the temperature and humidity regulation mode to respond to changes in the respiratory gas, using the control information of the temperature and humidity changes as driving events. The control module changes the temperature and humidity regulation mode based on a first state and a second state of the respiratory gas. For example, when a patient is undergoing artificial ventilation, if the temperature is maintained within an appropriate range but the humidity is too high, it is necessary to increase the gas flow rate to rapidly reduce the humidity. However, increasing the gas flow rate also leads to a rapid drop in temperature, at which point a heating element needs to be activated to maintain the current temperature. In other words, temperature and humidity are related. If the breathing gas changes from moist to dry or from dry to moist, or from low temperature to high temperature or from high temperature to low temperature, the traditional approach of controlling only one factor may result in unsuitable temperature and / or humidity of the breathing gas entering the patient's body, leading to failure of artificial ventilation. Medical staff will also find it difficult to take targeted measures, and even if they do, it will waste a lot of time and there is still a possibility of operational failure.

[0007] According to a preferred embodiment, the control module determines the temperature-related first control information based on the temperature and humidity information sent by the temperature and humidity detection unit when the breathing gas is in a first state, and generates second control information related to humidity when the breathing gas is in a second state. Furthermore, the control module adjusts the first control information related to the first state based on the second control information generated in the second state. This invention addresses how to quickly and stably maintain the tracheal temperature and humidification satisfaction within an appropriate range, which is beneficial for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. This invention can adaptively respond to breathing gases in different states by changing at least the humidity and dynamically changing the corresponding temperature in the ventilator's breathing tubing, so that the temperature and humidification satisfaction are maintained within an appropriate range. Furthermore, by correcting or processing the breathing gas properties according to the changes in one or more parameters, it prevents the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.

[0008] According to a preferred embodiment, the control module can adaptively adjust the temperature and / or humidity based on a preset change value, characterized by the change in temperature and / or humidity. When the heating element heats the air, the temperature rises while the breathing gas remains relatively enclosed. The absolute humidity remains constant, but the saturated water vapor content increases, resulting in a decrease in relative humidity within the breathing tubing and an increase in moisture carried by the breathing gas, thus increasing humidity. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the heating element and the degree of heating and humidification by the ventilator to maintain the temperature and humidification satisfaction within an appropriate range. The above settings allow temperature and humidity to be adjusted according to corresponding preset change values. This design aims to clearly reflect the changing patterns of breathing gas parameters and prevent the influence of uncontrollable factors.

[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the preset variation values ​​for temperature and humidity are set in a manner that decreases as the amount of variation increases, and have control levels to enable synchronous control of temperature and humidity. When the patient is under artificial ventilation, it is preferable to handle parameters with higher control levels, i.e., parameters with larger variations. The above settings characterize that temperature and humidity are continuously changing, and their overall variation is constantly shifting; therefore, changing the preset variation values ​​can improve the accuracy of parameter control.

[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, a temperature and humidity detection unit is located next to the breathing tubing near the patient and connected to a display unit near the ventilator. The control module calculates the increased saturated water vapor content in the breathing tubing by measuring the temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity detection unit, and obtains relative humidity for assessing absolute humidity and temperature. The control module returns the absolute humidity and temperature as values, and the absolute saturation water vapor content and alarm level are visually displayed on the display unit, flashing as a reminder. During artificial ventilation, the system displays the ventilation status within the breathing tubing, calculates absolute humidity by detecting the relative humidity and temperature of the breathing tubing, and uses the absolute saturated water vapor content and temperature and humidity display device to determine temperature and humidity warning conditions during artificial ventilation, achieving high-precision and high-efficiency temperature and humidity condition early warning.

[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, when the display unit shows the received return value, the horizontal axis coordinates displayed by the display unit represent the temperature in the breathing circuit, and the vertical axis coordinates represent the absolute humidity value. The display unit visually identifies the warning level through a pre-set horizontal line. The coordinates are compared with the warning level to determine whether ventilation is normal. When the level is below the warning level, a flashing indicator is provided on the display unit, and the warnings emitted by the humidifier and alarm buzzer in the ventilator circuit are adjusted through correction to achieve stable artificial ventilation.

[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, when the display unit displays the current state of absolute humidity in the breathing tubing, temperature and humidity can be adjusted at least by a humidity management unit for use between the patient and the ventilator. The humidity management unit includes a first breathing tubing and an adjacent second breathing tubing at least a portion thereof. The first breathing tubing is configured to receive a breathing gas flow having a first humidity level, and the second breathing tubing is configured to receive a dry gas flow having a second humidity level lower than the first humidity level.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one heating element extends from the inlet side of the breathing tubing to the patient side of the breathing tubing. The heating element is configured to provide heat to the gas flow, heating the breathing gas on the patient side to a higher temperature than the gas on the inlet side. The heating element has a variable heat distribution curve and is controlled by a ramp algorithm of a control module. The ramp algorithm controls the temperature gradient increase to quickly reach a stable operating point. The humidity of the breathing gas is controlled at 10-11 g / m³. 3 Within a certain range and kept relatively constant, the heating element is stably heated with a pre-set heating power. The control module controls the heating element to regulate the temperature at least partially based on the parameters of the breathing gas, so that the humidity of the subsequent breathing gas is reduced to 8 g / m³. 3 It even dropped to 6g / m 3 The control module can be configured to monitor the rate of respiratory gas flow and automatically adjust the electrical power supplied to the heating element during artificial ventilation. This process can proportionally adjust the amount of heating vapor added to the respiratory gas to maintain a substantially constant target humidity level in the respiratory gas throughout the respiratory cycle and treatment.

[0014] The present invention also relates to a ventilator tubing temperature and humidity monitoring and control device, comprising at least: a temperature and humidity detection unit for detecting temperature and humidity changes in the breathing tubing; and a display unit for displaying the temperature and absolute humidity obtained based on the temperature and humidity changes. When the temperature and humidity detection unit sends the temperature and humidity changes it has collected, the control module in the display unit dynamically changes the temperature and humidity regulation mode to cope with the changes in the breathing gas, using the control information of the temperature and humidity changes as driving events. The control module changes the temperature and humidity regulation mode based on the first state and the second state of the breathing gas.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the control module determines the first control information related to temperature when the breathing gas is in a first state based on the temperature and humidity information sent by the temperature and humidity detection unit, and generates a first control information related to temperature when the breathing gas is in a second state, and generates a second control information related to humidity when the breathing gas is in a second state, and adjusts the first control information related to the first state based on the second control information generated in the second state.

[0016] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: This invention addresses how to rapidly and stably maintain tracheal temperature and humidification within an appropriate range, thus helping to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. The temperature and humidity detection unit, installed in the breathing tubing, is divided into two parts that can be used separately or in combination. When used separately, the temperature and humidity detection unit only monitors temperature and humidity. It is small, easy to operate, and highly practical. This invention can adaptively respond to respiratory gases in different states by changing at least the humidity and dynamically adjusting the corresponding temperature in the ventilator's breathing tubing, maintaining the temperature and humidification within an appropriate range. Furthermore, by modifying or processing the respiratory gas properties based on the changes in one or more parameters, it helps prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection method of each unit of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the humidity management unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the display unit of the present invention.

[0018] List of reference numerals 1: Breathing tubing; 2: Heating and humidifying unit; 3: Hollow tube; 4: Temperature and humidity detection unit; 5: Display unit; 6: Humidity management unit; 601: First breathing tubing; 602: Second breathing tubing. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The following is a detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1 This application relates to a ventilator tubing temperature and humidity monitoring and control device and system. Specifically, this application relates to a device that detects relative humidity and temperature in a ventilator tubing to calculate the absolute temperature-humidity ratio, thereby obtaining absolute temperature and humidity, and providing early warning.

[0021] Existing ventilators, designed for artificial ventilation and to assist respiratory care or patients, typically incorporate a humidifier into the ventilator tubing. Normally, during respiration, the inhaled air is heated and humidified by the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose, ensuring it reaches the alveoli with appropriate temperature and humidity. However, in cases requiring artificial ventilation, such as during ventilator-assisted ventilation, if the ventilator fails to heat and humidify the inhaled air before it enters the alveoli and other tissues, there is a high probability of ventilation failure, posing risks to the patient. To avoid this, a heated humidifier is often used during ventilator-assisted ventilation to heat and humidify the air entering the ventilator. Existing technologies commonly employ heated humidifiers, humidification bottles, jet nebulizers, and ultrasonic nebulizers. However, while heating and humidifying the inhaled air is crucial for ventilator use, in actual medical care, only the current temperature and humidity of the air within the heated humidifier are monitored; the actual temperature and humidity of the inhaled air are not assessed. Because gases are greatly affected by the external environment, changes in temperature and humidity within a heated humidifier may not provide beneficial effects for patients. For example, in hot and dry environments, gases from a heated humidifier can cause discomfort, especially at night when trying to fall asleep, leading to poor sleep quality. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device and system capable of regulating the absolute temperature and humidity of the gas. Furthermore, current heated humidifiers only display temperature and humidity on a screen, failing to clearly and appropriately represent changes in temperature and humidity within the breathing tubing. This invention further considers the importance of heated humidification and addresses the issue of only displaying humidity and temperature during breathing by, for example, setting temperature and humidity warning conditions within the breathing tubing to provide alerts for different temperature and humidity levels.

[0022] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by increasing the importance of heating and humidification. During artificial ventilation, the invention displays the ventilation status within the breathing tubing, calculates absolute humidity by detecting the relative humidity and temperature of the breathing tubing, and uses absolute saturated water vapor quantity and temperature and humidity display devices to determine temperature and humidity warning conditions during artificial ventilation, thereby achieving high-precision and high-efficiency temperature and humidity condition early warning.

[0023] This invention includes at least a temperature and humidity detection unit, which is located near the patient's breathing tubing and connected to a temperature and humidity display unit near the ventilator. The temperature and humidity detection unit includes a humidity sensor for detecting relative humidity and a temperature sensor for detecting relative temperature. By calculating the preset saturated water vapor level in the breathing tubing, relative humidity and temperature are obtained for assessing absolute humidity and temperature, and these are returned as values. The absolute saturation level of water vapor and the alarm level are visually displayed on the display unit 5, and flashing alerts are provided on the display unit 5.

[0024] The above calculation process is as follows: the absolute humidity is calculated as a return value by calculating the relative humidity and temperature, as well as the saturated water vapor quantity and the absolute saturated water vapor quantity during artificial ventilation. The absolute saturated water vapor quantity is displayed on the display unit 5 in a certain proportion using a chart and / or alarm level. The calculated absolute humidity value is displayed on the display unit 5 in a flashing manner. The display unit 5 also takes into account the importance of early warning of gas heating and humidification status in the breathing tubing.

[0025] This invention detects relative humidity and temperature in the breathing tubing to calculate the absolute temperature-humidity ratio. Display unit 5 is used to display data and / or alarm levels graphically and / or in graphs. The intake-side tubing consists of the breathing tubing 1 and a heated humidifier 2. The patient-side ventilator circuit is connected to the breathing tubing 1 via the expiratory-side circuit, and then connected through a hollow tube 3. The internal hollow tube 3 is tightly connected to a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, forming a temperature and humidity detection unit 4. Display unit 5 is mounted on the temperature and humidity detection unit 4. The temperature and humidity sensors in the breathing tubing measure the saturated vapor temperature and the temperature to be measured in the breathing tubing. The absolute humidity obtained through the addition operation is preset as the return value. The temperature value, the absolute saturation of water vapor, and the alarm level are displayed schematically on display unit 5, and the return value is flashed on display unit 5. That is, in the breathing circuit 1, a heated humidifier 2 and an intake-side circuit with a heating device are connected to the breathing circuit 1. For example, the heated humidifier, the patient-side port, and the hollow tube 3 are connected to the breathing circuit 1. The ventilator circuit is usually connected to the hollow tube 3 used in the breathing circuit. The breathing circuit of the patient-side port, the adjacent breathing circuit, the temperature sensor (such as a thermistor), and the thin-plate humidity sensor are set in the hollow tube 3 to form a temperature and humidity detection unit 4. The temperature and humidity detection unit 4 is connected to the display unit 5 through a circuit to send the detected relative humidity value and temperature in the breathing circuit to the display unit 5. The display unit 5 also has a preset saturated water vapor quantity. By calculating the detected relative humidity and temperature, the absolute humidity in the ventilator circuit of the present invention is calculated as a return value. When the display unit 5 displays the obtained return value, the horizontal axis coordinate of the display unit 5 represents the temperature in the breathing circuit, and the vertical axis coordinate represents the absolute humidity value. Further, the above data will be displayed graphically as the value of the pre-calculated absolute saturated vapor quantity, which is proportional to the temperature in the breathing circuit. The absolute saturated water vapor content is calculated using known methods based on the temperature during the breathing circuit, with the aim of plotting a smooth curve on the display unit 5 of this invention. It should be noted that the heating humidifier 2 mentioned above is not a single integrated device; for example, it consists of a heater and a humidifier. The heater may employ heating wires, etc., and the humidifier humidifies the breathing gas in the ventilator using an evaporation device that evaporates moisture during electrical operation of the device.

[0026] Rather than being a pre-set percentage for absolute humidity in the breathing tubing during artificial ventilation, it is more accurate to describe it as a prerequisite for proper artificial ventilation. Abnormal absolute humidity in the breathing tubing is intended to be a pre-set boundary line as a warning value in the display unit 5. This is displayed on the display unit 5 of this invention using coordinates along a horizontal axis and a parallel position. Figure 3 The warning level is visually identifiable by a pre-set horizontal line (displayed as a dashed line in the diagram). Furthermore, the horizontal line used in this invention sets the warning level so that the displayed line can move up and down depending on the artificial ventilation status. Therefore, in the breathing circuit, the warning level related to absolute saturated vapor volume and absolute humidity, along with the temperature and humidity displayed at a constant level, are always displayed on the display unit 5. In this state, the temperature and humidity detection unit 4 flashes the absolute humidity value obtained by detecting the relative humidity and the preset temperature of the saturated water vapor volume on the display unit 5. As described above, the coordinates are compared with the warning level to determine whether ventilation is normal. When the level is below the warning level, flashing is provided on the display unit 5, and the warnings issued by the humidifier and alarm buzzer in the ventilator circuit are adjusted through correction, thereby achieving stable artificial ventilation.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the display unit 5 can employ various known display devices. By using a display switching device, various artificial ventilation-related information can be observed, and data such as gas flow rate and temperature and humidity changes can be displayed. For example, by displaying the relative humidity of the flow rate over time, the wavy line detected by the temperature and humidity detection unit 4 can identify the balance of water content in the patient's inhaled gas in the breathing circuit, and help to more appropriately detect the artificial ventilation situation.

[0028] This invention comprises the structure described above. The absolute humidity consists of the humidity and temperature to be measured in the ventilator tubing. The display unit 5 is used to calculate the amount of preset saturated water vapor added. Its purpose is to use the display unit 5 to flash to indicate the current state of the absolute humidity in the ventilator tubing, making this state easily identifiable in the ventilator tubing situation. This also increases patient safety and avoids unexpected situations during artificial ventilation. Moreover, the display unit 5 is highly operable and can perform more appropriate artificial ventilation. It is innovative and highly practical, making an immeasurable contribution and is a very meaningful invention.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, the display unit 5 integrates a control module for performing the above calculations. The control module is capable of analyzing and calculating parameters such as temperature, humidity, absolute saturated vapor volume, and absolute humidity.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, when the display unit 5 displays the current state of absolute humidity in the breathing tubing, temperature and humidity can be adjusted at least by a humidity management unit 6 for use between the patient and the ventilator. The humidity management unit 6 may include a first breathing tubing 601 and a second breathing tubing 602 adjacent to at least a portion thereof. The first breathing tubing 601 is configured to receive a flow of respiratory gas having a first humidity level, and the second breathing tubing 602 is configured to receive a flow of dry gas having a second humidity level lower than the first humidity level. The humidity management unit 6 may also include at least one heating wire extending from the inlet side of the breathing tubing to the patient side of the breathing tubing. This heating wire is configured to provide heat to the gas flow such that the respiratory gas on the patient side is heated to a higher temperature than the gas on the inlet side. The humidity management unit 6 may also include a moisture transfer pathway between the first breathing tubing 601 and the second breathing tubing 602, and is configured to transfer moisture from the respiratory gas to the dry gas based on the humidity difference between the first and second humidity levels. Preferably, the moisture transfer pathway may include a permeable membrane that is permeable to water vapor but impermeable to liquid water. Specifically, breathing gas flows out from the inlet side of the ventilator and through a tubing to the patient side of the ventilator. The breathing gas is configured to have a first humidity level, which can be calibrated according to the patient's needs. A second breathing line 602 is configured as an adjacent conduit between at least a portion of the ends of the first breathing line 601 and is used to introduce a dry gas flow. The dry gas flow is configured to have a second humidity level, which is lower than the first humidity level within the first breathing line 601. The dry gas flow is coupled from a dry gas source to at least one inlet, which delivers the dry gas flow into the second breathing line 602. The second breathing line 602 is substantially parallel to the first breathing line 601. The second breathing line 602 also includes at least one outlet connected to the external environment of the ventilator. An inhalation source can be connected to at least one outlet of the dry gas tubing. At least one outlet can be located on the patient side of the breathing line. Furthermore, each outlet for drying the first breathing line 601 may also include a filter. The dry gas exits to the ventilator's surrounding environment. This outlet may also be connected to an inhalation source. The inlet for the second breathing circuit 602 may include a flow or volume control element for the dry gas flow rate. It should be noted that "breathing circuit" refers to any arrangement of tubing or conduit for delivering and expelling gases from a patient, such as those from a ventilator, and may include additional accessories or devices connected thereto. This "breathing gas" may include oxygen, air, or any component thereof, and is configured to absorb high levels of moisture and / or humidify before or during administration to the patient for medical applications.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the breathing circuit may include at least one heating element, such as a heating wire. The heating wire extends from the inlet side of the breathing circuit to the patient side of the breathing circuit. The heating wire is configured to provide heat to the flow of respiratory gas, causing the respiratory gas at the patient side of the breathing circuit to warm up to a higher temperature than the respiratory gas at the inlet side of the breathing circuit. Therefore, the heating wire is configured to provide additional heating to the respiratory gas at the patient side of the breathing circuit so that excess condensation can be removed from the component receiving the respiratory gas flow (e.g., a ventilator). This configuration of the heating wire reduces or eliminates excessive condensation before the gas enters the ventilator or respirator. The heating wire may be configured to have a variable heat distribution profile, wherein the patient side of the breathing circuit is hotter than the inlet side of the breathing circuit. In one embodiment, the heating wire exhibits a variable temperature distribution, wherein the higher temperature of the patient side of the heating wire relative to the inlet side can be achieved by folding the patient-side heating wire back into itself. For example, the folded patient-side heating wire is S-shaped, while the normally straight heating wire at the inlet side remains straight.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the heating wire itself may have variable resistance, allowing the patient side of the heating wire to be heated to a higher temperature than the inlet side, resulting in a variable heat distribution. Preferably, the heating element may be a wound heating wire, wherein the pitch between adjacent coils on the inlet side differs from the pitch between adjacent coils on the patient side. The variable heat distribution of the wound heating wire can be achieved by increasing the spacing between adjacent coils on the patient side and increasing their distance on the inlet side, so that the patient side of the wound heating wire is warmer than the inlet side. A portion of the wound heating wire may be disposed within the lumen of a tubing or may be embedded in the inner wall of a tubing. Preferably, the amount of folding on the patient side of the heating wire can be configured to provide the desired temperature rise near the respiratory tubing end of the ventilator to heat the breathing gas on the patient side of the respiratory tubing, thereby reducing or preventing condensation inflow near the ventilator inlet. The connection end of the heating wire may be coupled to an electrical connector with electrical components and / or a power source, through which the heating wire is heated. Heating wires can prevent or reduce moisture buildup in the exhalation filter, exhalation pool, exhalation flow sensor, or any other component located on the patient side.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, a moisture transfer pathway between the first breathing tubing 601 and the second breathing tubing 602 reduces the humidity in the breathing gas flow and transfers moisture from the breathing gas to the dry gas flow. The moisture transfer pathway is located between the higher humidity breathing gas in the first breathing tubing 601 and the lower humidity dry gas flow in the second breathing tubing 602. The user can increase or decrease the level of dry gas supplied to the breathing tubing to manage or remove condensate that may be transferred from the first breathing tubing 601 to the second breathing tubing 602. Therefore, the moisture level can be reduced from within the breathing gas flow and transferred to the dry gas flow.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the ventilator and / or the heated humidifier 2 or control module is equipped with a ramp algorithm that controls the temperature rise. For example, during the first period (1 to 30 minutes), a higher or highest heating power (e.g., at least 75% of the maximum power) can be used to quickly reach a stable operating point. For example, the duration of the high heating power can be manually or automatically adjusted according to the desired / set humidification phase. For example, a low humidification phase is provided, which provides a shorter heating time with a higher or highest heating power, while a high humidification phase provides a longer heating time. Preferably, a heating phase more adapted to the patient can also be provided, for example, taking into account the temperature of the introduced gas or the ambient temperature. Specifically, the humidity of the respiratory gas is controlled at 10-11 g / m³. 3 The temperature of the heating element is kept relatively constant within a preset range, and it is stably heated with a pre-set heating power. The control module controls the heating element to regulate the temperature at least in part based on the parameters of the breathing gas, so that the humidity of the subsequent breathing gas is reduced to 8 g / m³. 3 It even dropped to 6g / m 3 The control module can be configured to monitor the flow rate of the respiratory gas and automatically adjust the electrical power supplied to the heating element during artificial ventilation. This process can proportionally adjust the amount of heated steam added to the respiratory gas to maintain a substantially constant target humidity level in the respiratory gas throughout the respiratory cycle and treatment. The control module can also analyze current or previous respiratory cycles to predict subsequent breathing and / or humidification needs and adjust the preset settings of the heating element.

[0035] According to a preferred embodiment, the temperature and humidity detection unit 4 includes at least one sensor that detects parameters of the respiratory gas, and the display unit 5 includes at least one control module for presetting the heating power of the heating element based at least in part on the parameters of the respiratory gas or at least in part on at least one of the following parameters: the flow rate or volume of the respiratory gas; respiratory rate; expiratory volume; ambient temperature; air humidity; heating power; and time since the start of treatment. Different sensors are used to detect ambient temperature, ambient humidity, humidity in the heated humidifier 2, temperature in the heated humidifier 2, and the temperature and humidity of the respiratory gas flow. Generally, the invention determines relative humidity and absolute humidity. For example, the heating power is changed steplessly according to a characteristic graph that classifies the power required at certain average total flow rates. Several discrete levels of heating power can preferably be pre-set, wherein in each case, at least one characteristic curve of heating power is stored and recalled for each stage. The control of heating power is, for example, based on stored correction parameters to compensate for ambient temperature or air humidity or temperature. The control of heating power is also, for example, based on data from the temperature sensor, such that the heating power is reduced under low respiratory activity. The combination of flow-rate-based control and a ramp-algorithm-based temperature ramp function allows for comfortable control and humidification of the breathing gas. If healthcare professionals and / or patients desire heated and / or humidified breathing air, the heating element controls the heating power at a higher or maximum level by increasing the temperature at the start of treatment or during the first relatively short phase (e.g., the first 30 minutes). In this way, the gas in the breathing tubing is rapidly heated, thus quickly reaching the desired temperature. Once the desired temperature is reached, the heating power is controlled based on the total flow rate of the breathing gas in the second and / or longer phases. For example, the control module stores a feature map that correlates the desired heating power with the actual flow rate or the desired heating and humidification of the breathing gas.

[0036] Furthermore, various structures / components, including but not limited to fastening elements, electrical components (wiring, cables, etc.), may have been schematically shown or removed from all or part of the views in order to better illustrate various aspects of the depicted embodiments. The inclusion of such structures / components is not necessary for understanding the various embodiments described herein. If such a structure / component is not shown / described in a particular figure, it should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the various embodiments.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, the display unit 5 further includes a wireless module electrically connected to the motherboard and wirelessly connected to a smart terminal device (e.g., Wi-Fi or Bluetooth) for remote viewing of values ​​and setting changes, as well as location tracking. The warning level of the display unit 5 can change its flashing color based on changes in temperature and humidity. For example, low temperature activates the heating element to raise the temperature—the LED turns yellow, and an alarm sounds; abnormal humidity (high / low) directly triggers an alarm—the LED turns orange / red.

[0038] Example 2 This embodiment is a further supplement to the above embodiments.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment, since the temperature and humidity in the breathing circuit are not simultaneously high or low, the present invention still requires further detection and modification of temperature and humidity during certain artificial ventilation processes. For example, when a patient is being artificially ventilated, if the temperature is maintained within an appropriate range but the humidity is too high, the gas flow rate needs to be increased to rapidly reduce the humidity. However, increasing the gas flow rate also leads to a rapid drop in temperature, at which point the heating element needs to be activated to maintain the current temperature. That is, temperature and humidity are correlated. If the breathing gas changes from humid to dry or from dry to humid, or from low temperature to high temperature or from high temperature to low temperature, if the conventional approach is used to control only one factor, it may result in unsuitable temperature and / or humidity of the breathing gas entering the patient's body, leading to artificial ventilation failure. Medical personnel will also find it difficult to take targeted measures, and even if they do, it will waste a lot of time and there is still a possibility of operational failure.

[0040] Therefore, this invention provides a preferred embodiment in which the temperature and humidity detection unit 4 is used to obtain temperature and humidity information within the breathing tubing. When the control module determines that the breathing gas is in a first state based on the temperature and humidity information sent by the temperature and humidity detection unit 4, it generates first control information related to temperature; when the breathing gas is in a second state, the control module generates second control information related to humidity. The heating element and the ventilator flow valve switch their operating states based on the received first and second control information. Preferably, the control module regulates the first control information related to the first state based on the second control information generated in the second state. The first state reflects the temperature of the breathing gas, while the second state reflects the humidity of the breathing gas. Specifically, in response to changes in the temperature of the breathing gas, the control module sends first control information to the heating element and / or the ventilator flow valve to regulate the temperature of the breathing gas, wherein the heating element is configured to have a variable heat distribution curve and is controlled by a ramp algorithm. The heating element heats the breathing gas. The ventilator flow valve cools the breathing gas by increasing the gas flow rate. The temperature of the breathing gas is maintained, for example, at 35°C. Further, the temperature of the breathing gas is dynamically regulated by the heating element and the ventilator flow valve. However, the ventilator flow valve also controls the humidity of the respiratory gas. The control module sends a second control message to the ventilator flow valve to regulate the humidity of the respiratory gas. While regulating the humidity, increasing the respiratory gas flow rate leads to a decrease in the respiratory gas temperature. Based on the second control message, it is determined that the heating element should be activated for heating, rather than reducing the increased gas flow rate. The humidity regulation can also be achieved through the ventilator's humidifier. Adjusting the humidification rate of the humidifier adjusts the humidity of the respiratory gas; however, humidification also leads to an increase in temperature. Humidity is typically assessed using humidification satisfaction as a metric. For example, maintaining the humidification satisfaction of the respiratory gas above 90%. This invention considers how to quickly and stably maintain the tracheal temperature and humidification satisfaction within an appropriate range, which is beneficial in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia. This invention can adaptively respond to respiratory gases in different states by changing at least the humidity and dynamically changing the corresponding temperature in the breathing tubing of the ventilator flow valve, so as to keep the temperature and humidification satisfaction within an appropriate range. Furthermore, by modifying or processing the properties of the respiratory gas according to the changes in one or more parameters, it can prevent the occurrence of patient-associated pneumonia caused by ventilator use.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, in the above-described configuration, the control module can also adaptively regulate the humidity increase caused by the heating element heating the breathing gas. For example, when the heating element is heating, due to the temperature increase and the breathing gas being in a relatively closed state, the absolute humidity remains constant, but the saturated water vapor content increases, resulting in a decrease in the relative humidity of the environment within the breathing tubing, and an increase in the moisture carried by the breathing gas, thus increasing the humidity. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the degree of heating and humidification by controlling the heating element and the ventilator flow valve to maintain the temperature and humidification satisfaction within an appropriate range. Preferably, the control module can adaptively regulate based on the time interval of a preset change value in temperature and / or humidity. For example, if the preset change value is set to 37°C, when the detected breathing gas temperature reaches 37°C, the control module controls the breathing gas flow rate for regulation. When the preset change value is set to 33°C, the control module controls the heating element for regulation. Similarly, if the preset change value is set to 90%, when the detected humidification satisfaction of the breathing gas is below 90%, the control module controls the breathing gas flow rate for regulation. The above settings allow temperature and humidity to be regulated according to corresponding preset change values. This design aims to clearly reflect the changing patterns of respiratory gas parameters and prevent the influence of uncontrollable factors. Preferably, the preset change values ​​for temperature and humidity are set in a manner that decreases as the change increases, and have corresponding control levels to allow temperature and humidity to be adjusted simultaneously. For example, if the preset change value is set to 36.5℃, the temperature value in the first time period is 36.5℃, the temperature value in the second time period is 37.5℃, and the temperature value in the third time period is 38℃. That is, the changes are 1.5℃, 1℃, and 0.5℃ respectively, corresponding to three control levels for temperature changes. Similarly, if the preset change value is set to 87%, the humidification satisfaction rate is 87% in the first time period, 85% in the second time period, and 84% in the third time period. That is, the changes are 3%, 2%, and 1% respectively, corresponding to three control levels for humidity changes. When the patient is under artificial ventilation, it is preferable to handle parameters with higher control levels, i.e., parameters with larger changes. The above settings indicate that temperature and humidity are constantly changing and their overall change is constantly evolving. In this case, changing the preset change value can improve the accuracy of parameter control.

[0042] Example 3 This embodiment is a further supplement to the above embodiments.

[0043] Preferably, in this protocol, adaptive selection of the temperature and humidity of the patient's respiratory gas, especially the correlation between temperature and humidity during artificial ventilation, is crucial for different patient vital signs. This is addressed by introducing tidal volume for further regulation of respiratory gas temperature and humidity, and the following steps are provided: Before artificial ventilation, the ventilator parameters required for the patient's respiratory physiology are determined based on the patient's medical history and physical signs to meet clinical needs; based on the determined required ventilator parameters, the temperature and humidity of the respiratory gas supplied by the ventilator are controlled to maintain the required level for the patient. These ventilator parameters include tidal volume, inhaled oxygen concentration, respiratory rate, inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio, spontaneous breathing sensitivity, and age. For example, in younger patients, changes in respiratory physiology caused by adjusting the ventilator temperature and humidity are necessary to meet the clinical needs of patients of different ages, with different diseases, and even at different stages of disease. Situations requiring artificial ventilation in younger patients include pump failure and lung failure. Pump failure includes neuromuscular diseases (Guillain-Barré syndrome, spinal muscular atrophy, muscular dystrophy, etc.) and central nervous system diseases (severe encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, etc.). Lung failure includes parenchymal lung diseases (severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome in children (PARDS), severe asthma). In addition, mechanical ventilation is also required for patients with postoperative respiratory support, severe circulatory failure, and upper airway obstruction. Depending on the patient's age, the specific disease, and even the stage of the disease, changes in ventilator parameters affect the regulation of respiratory gas temperature and humidity.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment, the control module is used to at least partially preset the patient's required adaptation temperature and humidity based on at least one parameter of the patient. The control module at least partially presets the patient's required adaptation temperature and humidity based on at least one of the following parameters: tidal volume, inhaled oxygen concentration, respiratory rate, inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio (IPR), spontaneous breathing sensitivity, age, and ideal weight. The adaptation temperature and humidity are controlled based on a heating element and a ventilator flow valve to ensure that the absolute humidity of the dispensed respiratory gas remains constant, and / or to ensure reduced dryness of the patient's mucous membranes under low humidity conditions, while preventing condensation in the breathing tubing under high humidity conditions. The aforementioned discrete steps are presettable, and in each case, at least one characteristic curve of temperature and humidity in each step is stored and can be recalled. The characteristic curves of temperature and humidity are divided into adult characteristic curves and juvenile characteristic curves, at least according to the patient's age, wherein several hierarchical selections are made within the adult and juvenile characteristic curves, each hierarchical selection corresponding to the aforementioned discrete steps. The hierarchical selections include tidal volume, inhaled oxygen concentration, respiratory rate, IPR, and spontaneous breathing sensitivity. Based on the differences in each parameter, corresponding characteristic curves are derived from the adult and juvenile characteristic curves respectively; the required temperature and humidity for at least one parameter are determined from all selected relevant levels; at least one corresponding characteristic curve with the highest priority is provided to the patient; and the above steps are repeated for all relevant levels until the optimal temperature and humidity characteristic curve for the patient is determined. That is, the characteristic curves are divided into several subcategories under the two major categories of adults and juveniles to adaptively provide the patient with the optimal temperature and humidity characteristic curve.

[0045] Specifically, tidal volume refers to the volume of air a patient inhales or exhales with each breath in a resting state, and its value affects humidity regulation. In existing technologies, tidal volume regulation is typically achieved by increasing or decreasing pressure. Increased pressure leads to an increased flow rate of inhaled air, which in turn causes a decrease in humidity. That is, at the current tidal volume, the temperature and humidity of the inhaled air remain within a suitable range for the patient; however, after a change in tidal volume, these conditions become unsuitable. For example, an increase in tidal volume leads to an increased flow rate of inhaled air, resulting in excessively low humidity if the temperature and humidity are maintained, leading to respiratory dehydration, decreased ciliary function, and even tracheitis or bronchitis. The magnitude of tidal volume is influenced by the patient's ideal weight and blood gas results. Corresponding to the patient's ideal weight, patients of different ages have different tidal volume requirements, necessitating adaptive regulation of the temperature and humidity of the inhaled air; therefore, the influence of the patient's age must be considered. When patients are young, tidal volume ranges from 6 to 8 ml / kg, while when patients are older, it ranges from 8 to 12 ml / kg. This means that different parameter standards are provided to the control module for minors and adults, and the control module adjusts the temperature and humidity accordingly. The humidity of inhaled air in minors is lower than that in adults. Corresponding to tidal volume is the inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio (IPR). Tidal volume equals the inspiratory time multiplied by the inhalation rate; the longer the inspiratory time and the larger the IPR, the larger the tidal volume. Patient age has a greater impact on the IPR: 0.5–0.6 s for newborns, 0.6–0.8 s for infants, and 0.8–1.2 s for minors. The IPR for adults is typically set to 1:1.5–1:2. Based on the above settings that affect humidity due to tidal volume, it can be concluded that a larger IPR requires a lower humidity level for the patient. However, the set IPR may not necessarily reflect the patient's actual IPR. A ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:2 is the normal physiological value. When a patient experiences respiratory failure, the inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio usually changes. For example, patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and asthma primarily have small airway disease, resulting in restricted exhalation. Therefore, the expiratory time needs to be appropriately prolonged, the inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio should be lower, and humidity needs to be increased. The inhaled oxygen concentration is determined based on the oxygen saturation target, and the patient's oxygen saturation should be maintained at the lowest possible concentration. Oxygen saturation depends on the type and severity of the patient's disease. In life-threatening acute pulmonary hypertension, the inhaled oxygen concentration needs to be increased to 100%. The inhaled oxygen concentration is positively correlated with the respiratory gas flow rate. At low flow rates, the inhaled oxygen concentration is 29%–33%, routinely used for chronic lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and decompensated pulmonary heart disease. At medium flow rates, the inhaled oxygen concentration is 37%–47%, commonly used for bronchiectasis, severe pneumonia, pneumothorax, and bronchial asthma.High-flow-rate oxygen concentrations (above 50%) are used for critical or respiratory depression conditions, such as respiratory or cardiac arrest, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or inhalation of toxic gases. Therefore, the oxygen concentration and gas flow rate need to be adjusted according to the patient's condition. Increased gas flow leads to decreased humidity and temperature, requiring the control module to regulate the heating element and humidifier to raise and lower these levels. The respiratory rate setting is influenced by factors such as the patient's age, spontaneous breathing ability, ventilation mode, tidal volume, and target arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure. The initial rate should be close to the patient's physiological respiratory rate. Younger patients tend to have higher respiratory rates, which can lead to water accumulation in the breathing tubing and mask during continuous breathing. The constant contact of breathing gas with the tubing and mask contributes to this water accumulation. This water accumulation can cause noise, and water droplets on the mask can fall onto the user's face. To address this, the heating element power needs to be increased to raise the temperature and reduce this phenomenon. In addition, for patients with wheezing symptoms, such as asthma or respiratory syncytial virus infection, the respiratory rate setting should be lowered, slightly below the patient's required physiological respiratory rate, and the inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio should be appropriately prolonged to avoid insufficient expiratory time leading to intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. This means providing higher temperature and humidity to enable the patient to perform normal artificial ventilation. The spontaneous breathing sensitivity is also set according to the patient's age, muscle strength, etc. The initial flow trigger threshold is set to 0.5L~2L / min. When the patient has spontaneous breathing, the trigger sensitivity is checked for appropriateness based on the ventilator waveform and the patient's breathing status. When the trigger sensitivity is set more sensitively, medical personnel need to promptly address condensation in the circuit, keeping the condensate cup in a low position to prevent false triggering caused by condensation. Therefore, the control module of this invention, when the sensitivity setting is more sensitive, increases the temperature of the breathing gas or decreases the humidity of the breathing gas to prevent false triggering caused by condensation in the circuit.

[0046] It should be noted that the above data is for reference only, and different adaptive temperature and humidity initialization conditions can be selected according to the present invention.

[0047] The above-described configuration of this invention ensures that the temperature and humidity of the respiratory gas are maintained within a suitable range according to the patient's vital signs, providing comfort. Adjustments are also made based on the patient's specific condition; for example, appropriately increasing humidity can prevent excessive irritation to the lungs from dry gas. If the patient has COPD, appropriately increasing humidity can also help with expectoration. It also prevents excessively high humidity in the respiratory gas from causing stuffiness in the breathing tubing and / or breathing mask. Furthermore, excessively high humidity in the respiratory gas may lead to itching and redness on the patient's face, indicating that excessive humidity in the breathing tubing and / or breathing mask can cause infection.

[0048] Throughout the text, the features indicated by “preferred” are only optional and should not be construed as mandatory. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

[0049] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ventilator with controllable tubing temperature and humidity, characterized in that, The ventilator tubing is equipped with a humidity monitoring and control system; the system includes: The breathing tubing (1) includes a heating element and a ventilator flow valve. The heating element heats the breathing gas, and the ventilator flow valve cools the breathing gas by increasing the gas flow rate. A temperature and humidity detection unit (4) is set next to the breathing tubing (1) of the ventilator near the patient and is used to detect the absolute humidity and temperature of the breathing gas in the breathing tubing (1). The display unit (5) is mounted on the temperature and humidity detection unit (4) and is used to receive and display the absolute humidity and temperature; wherein, the display unit (5) integrates a control module. The control module sends a first control message to the heating element and / or the ventilator flow valve to regulate the temperature of the breathing gas, and sends a second control message to the ventilator flow valve to regulate the humidity of the breathing gas. Based on the second control message, the heating element is activated to heat the gas instead of reducing the gas flow rate increased by the ventilator flow valve. The heating element extends from the air intake side of the breathing tubing to the patient side of the breathing tubing. The control module is equipped with a ramp algorithm, and the heating element is configured to have a variable heat distribution curve and is controlled by the ramp algorithm. The ramp algorithm is used to control the gradient increase of temperature. The heating element is configured to provide heat to the gas flow, such that the respiratory gas on the patient side is heated to a higher temperature than the gas on the intake side, in order to remove excess condensate from the component receiving the respiratory gas flow. The control module is configured to monitor the rate of respiratory gas flow and automatically adjust the electrical power supplied to the heating element during artificial ventilation.

2. The ventilator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module can adaptively adjust the temperature and / or humidity based on the time interval of a preset change value. The preset change value is characterized by the change value of temperature and / or humidity. The preset change value of temperature and / or humidity is set in a manner that decreases as the change increases, and has an adjustment level so that temperature and humidity can be adjusted synchronously.

3. The ventilator as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The control module adjusts the temperature and humidity based on the first and second states of the respiratory gas. When the control module determines that the breathing gas is in a first state that reflects the temperature of the breathing gas based on the temperature and humidity information sent by the temperature and humidity detection unit (4), it generates first control information related to temperature. When the breathing gas is in a second state that reflects the humidity of the breathing gas, the control module generates second control information related to humidity, and adjusts the first control information related to the first state based on the second control information generated in the second state.

4. The ventilator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control module controls the heating element to regulate the temperature at least in part based on the parameters of the breathing gas, thereby reducing the humidity of the subsequent breathing gas.

5. The ventilator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control module is used to at least partially pre-set the required temperature and humidity for the patient based on at least one parameter of the patient; The parameters include: tidal volume, inhaled oxygen concentration, respiratory rate, inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio, spontaneous breathing sensitivity, age, and ideal body weight.

6. The ventilator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The intake side pipe consists of a breathing pipe (1) and a heating humidifier (2). The patient side ventilator circuit is connected to the breathing pipe (1) by the expiratory side circuit through a hollow tube (3). The hollow tube (3) is closely connected to the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor to form a temperature and humidity detection unit (4).

7. The ventilator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control module calculates the increased saturated water vapor content in the breathing tubing (1) by measuring the temperature and humidity detected by the temperature and humidity detection unit (4), and obtains the relative humidity for assessing the absolute humidity and temperature. The control module returns the absolute humidity and temperature as values, and visually displays the values, absolute saturation of water vapor and alarm level on the display unit (5), and flashes a reminder on the display unit (5).

8. A display unit for a ventilator capable of controlling tubing temperature and humidity, characterized in that, The display unit (5) is used to display temperature and absolute humidity; the display unit (5) also integrates a control module; The display unit (5) is located on the temperature and humidity detection unit (4); the temperature and humidity detection unit (4) is located next to the breathing tubing (1) of the ventilator near the patient, and the absolute humidity and temperature are displayed on the display unit (5) in a flashing manner. The breathing circuit (1) includes a heating element and a ventilator flow valve. The heating element heats the breathing gas, and the ventilator flow valve cools the breathing gas by increasing the gas flow rate. The control module sends a first control message to the heating element and / or the ventilator flow valve to regulate the temperature of the breathing gas, and sends a second control message to the ventilator flow valve to regulate the humidity of the breathing gas. Based on the second control message, the heating element is activated to heat the gas instead of reducing the gas flow rate increased by the ventilator flow valve. The heating element extends from the air intake side of the breathing tubing to the patient side of the breathing tubing. The control module is equipped with a ramp algorithm. The heating element is configured to have a variable heat distribution curve and is controlled by the ramp algorithm, which is used to control the gradient increase of temperature. The heating element is configured to provide heat to the gas flow, such that the respiratory gas on the patient side is heated to a higher temperature than the gas on the intake side, in order to remove excess condensate from the component receiving the respiratory gas flow. The control module is configured to monitor the rate of respiratory gas flow and automatically adjust the electrical power supplied to the heating element during artificial ventilation.

9. The display unit as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The control module can adaptively adjust the temperature and / or humidity based on the time interval of a preset change value. The preset change value is characterized by the change value of temperature and / or humidity. The preset change value of temperature and / or humidity is set in a manner that decreases as the change increases, and has an adjustment level so that temperature and humidity can be adjusted synchronously.

10. The display unit as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The control module adjusts the temperature and humidity based on the first and second states of the respiratory gas. When the control module determines that the breathing gas is in a first state that reflects the temperature of the breathing gas based on the temperature and humidity information sent by the temperature and humidity detection unit (4), it generates first control information related to temperature. When the breathing gas is in a second state that reflects the humidity of the breathing gas, the control module generates second control information related to humidity, and adjusts the first control information related to the first state based on the second control information generated in the second state.

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