Gas dispersion device for hydrogen production by methane cracking and gas reactor having the same

Abstract

The application provides a gas dispersion device for hydrogen production by methane cracking and a gas reactor with the same. The gas dispersion device comprises an annular base, a plurality of gas dispersion pipes and a plurality of gas nozzles. The annular base has an annular hollow chamber in the interior. The annular base has a first gas inlet, which is communicated with the annular hollow chamber. The annular base is provided with a plurality of first gas outlets at intervals in the circumferential direction. The gas dispersion pipe is provided correspondingly to the first gas outlet. The gas dispersion pipe comprises a second gas inlet and a second gas outlet. The second gas inlet is communicated with the corresponding first gas outlet. The gas nozzle is provided correspondingly to the second gas outlet. The gas nozzle comprises a third gas inlet and a third gas outlet. The third gas inlet is communicated with the corresponding second gas outlet. The third gas outlet faces the annular base. The gas dispersion device of the application effectively promotes the heat exchange between methane and high-temperature molten medium, helps the hydrogen production by methane cracking reaction to proceed, and improves the efficiency of hydrogen production by methane cracking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates generally to the technical field of methane to hydrogen production, and more specifically to a gas dispersion device for methane cracking to hydrogen production and a gas reactor having the same. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, countries around the world are constantly exploring new zero-carbon emission energy systems. Hydrogen energy, as a green energy source, has attracted widespread attention both domestically and internationally. However, current hydrogen production mainly comes from traditional technologies such as methane steam reforming and coal-to-hydrogen production. These traditional technologies generate large amounts of carbon dioxide during the hydrogen production process. In addition, there is water electrolysis technology. Although water electrolysis can utilize renewable energy to produce hydrogen and does not produce carbon dioxide, its high cost and energy consumption prevent it from becoming the mainstream technology for hydrogen production.

[0003] Methane cracking for hydrogen production is a low-carbon emission technology that also generates high-value-added carbon products such as graphite, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes, thus attracting widespread attention. Among these, methane cracking technology based on a high-temperature molten medium (between 500℃ and 1100℃) has become a research hotspot due to its advantages such as simple equipment and relatively high conversion rate. The high-temperature molten medium rapidly heats methane, causing it to crack and produce hydrogen and solid carbon. Since the density of the produced solid carbon is much lower than that of the liquid medium, it automatically separates from the liquid medium and floats on its surface, effectively avoiding the drawbacks of traditional methane cracking processes.

[0004] However, in actual operation, the high-temperature molten medium cracking methane to hydrogen technology directly introduces methane gas into the liquid molten medium. On the one hand, it is difficult for the methane gas to enter the liquid molten medium uniformly. On the other hand, the introduced methane will also present large bubbles in the liquid molten medium, which to some extent affects the uniform dispersion of methane gas in the liquid medium. This results in poor mixing between methane gas and liquid molten medium. At the same time, the heat exchange performance between the large bubbles and the high-temperature molten medium is also poor, thus affecting the efficiency of methane to hydrogen production.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to provide a gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen and a gas reactor having therein to at least partially solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. The summary section of this invention is not intended to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0007] To at least partially solve the above problems, according to a first aspect of this application, a gas dispersion device for methane cracking to produce hydrogen is provided. The gas dispersion device is used in a high-temperature molten medium environment. The gas dispersion device includes: an annular base having an annular hollow chamber inside; a first inlet for methane to enter, the first inlet communicating with the annular hollow chamber; and a plurality of first outlets spaced circumferentially on the annular base; a plurality of gas dispersion tubes, each corresponding to one of the first outlets; each gas dispersion tube including a second inlet and a second outlet, the second inlet communicating with a corresponding first outlet; and a plurality of gas nozzles, each corresponding to one of the second outlets; each gas nozzle including a third inlet and a third outlet, the third inlet communicating with a corresponding second outlet, the third outlet facing the annular base.

[0008] Optionally, the gas dispersion tube includes: a vertical tube having a second air inlet at its top end; and a horizontal tube having an air inlet end connected to the bottom end of the vertical tube, and an air outlet end having a second air outlet.

[0009] Optionally, the gas dispersion tubes are distributed circumferentially along the annular base.

[0010] Optionally, the gas nozzles are spaced apart within the projection range of the annular base.

[0011] Optionally, the gas nozzles are arranged in multiple radial rings along the projection range of the annular base, with each ring containing a spaced-out gas nozzle.

[0012] Optionally, the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe are vertically connected.

[0013] Optionally, the gas nozzle includes: a gas nozzle base, the bottom end of which has the third air inlet; a gas nozzle cover, which is fastened to the gas nozzle base and has the third air outlet at its top, forming a cavity between the gas nozzle cover and the gas nozzle base; and a gas dispersion component, which is disposed within the cavity, with its lower surface facing the third air inlet and its upper surface facing the third air outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the gas dispersion component includes a microporous ceramic plate or a microporous metal plate.

[0015] According to a second aspect of this application, a gas reactor is also provided, comprising: a shell having an opening at its top end, a receiving cavity inside the shell communicating with the opening, the receiving cavity containing a high-temperature molten medium; the aforementioned gas dispersion device for methane cracking to produce hydrogen, the gas dispersion device being disposed within the receiving cavity; and a sealing cap covering the opening of the shell, the sealing cap having an inert gas inlet and a gas outlet, both of the inert gas inlet and the gas outlet communicating with the receiving cavity.

[0016] Optionally, the outer casing includes: a bottom wall; a peripheral side wall disposed on the bottom wall; a buffer cavity formed between the sealing cap and the annular base; the peripheral side wall and the gas dispersion tube are spaced apart; and the gas nozzle is disposed on the bottom wall.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the gas dispersion device of this application has the following advantages:

[0018] The gas dispersion device of this application is placed entirely in a high-temperature molten medium environment. An annular base is positioned at its upper end, and the annular base contains an annular hollow cavity. The annular base has a first inlet for methane to enter, which communicates with the annular hollow cavity. Simultaneously, multiple gas dispersion tubes are added, each corresponding to a first outlet. The second inlet of each gas dispersion tube communicates with its corresponding first outlet. Furthermore, multiple gas nozzles are added, each corresponding to a second outlet. The third inlet of each gas nozzle communicates with its corresponding second outlet, and the third outlet faces the annular base. In this way, methane gas enters the annular hollow cavity of the annular base through the first inlet, then enters the corresponding gas dispersion tube through the first outlet on the annular base, and is collected after passing through the corresponding gas nozzle. In this process, by adding multiple gas dispersion tubes, uniform introduction of methane gas is achieved. Furthermore, since the gas dispersion tubes are placed in the environment of a high-temperature molten medium, the methane undergoes a heat exchange during its introduction, achieving a certain preheating effect. After the heat exchange, the methane passes through a gas nozzle and exchanges heat again with the high-temperature molten medium. This gas nozzle causes the methane to form small bubbles in the high-temperature molten medium, effectively promoting uniform and sufficient heat exchange between the methane and the high-temperature molten medium. This facilitates the methane cracking and hydrogen production reaction, effectively improving the efficiency of methane cracking and hydrogen production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The following drawings, which illustrate embodiments of this application, are incorporated herein by reference and are used to understand this application. The drawings depict embodiments of this application and their descriptions, serving to explain the principles of this application. In the drawings,

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gas dispersion device for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gas nozzle; and

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gas reactor according to a preferred embodiment of this application. Attached image description;

[0025] 100: Gas dispersion device; 10: Annular base; 11: Annular hollow chamber; 12: First air inlet; 20: Gas dispersion pipe; 21: Second air inlet; 22: Second air outlet; 23: Vertical pipe; 24: Horizontal pipe; 30: Gas nozzle; 31: Third air inlet; 32: Third air outlet; 33: Gas nozzle base; 34: Gas nozzle cover; 35: Cavity; 36: Gas dispersion component; 40: Projection range of the annular base; 200: Gas reactor; 201: Shell; 202: Opening; 203: Receiving cavity; 204: Sealing cover; 205: Inert gas inlet; 206: Gas outlet; 207: Buffer cavity; 208: Bottom wall; 209: Peripheral side wall. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of this application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of this application may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described to avoid confusion with embodiments of this application.

[0027] To fully understand the embodiments of this application, a detailed structure will be presented in the following description. Obviously, the implementation of the embodiments of this application is not limited to the specific details familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0028] This application provides a gas dispersion device 100 for methane cracking to produce hydrogen, which is used in a high-temperature molten medium environment. The temperature range of the high-temperature molten medium is 500°C to 1100°C.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the gas dispersion device 100 according to this application includes an annular base 10, a plurality of gas dispersion tubes 20 and a plurality of gas nozzles 30.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the annular base 10 has an annular hollow cavity 11 inside, the annular base 10 has a first air inlet 12 for methane to enter, the first air inlet 12 is connected to the annular hollow cavity 11, and the annular base 10 has a plurality of first air outlets (not shown in the figure) spaced apart along the circumference.

[0031] The gas dispersion tube 20 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the first gas outlet. The gas dispersion tube 20 includes a second gas inlet 21 and a second gas outlet 22. The second gas inlet 21 is connected to the corresponding first gas outlet.

[0032] The gas nozzle 30 is configured one-to-one with the second gas outlet. Each gas nozzle 30 includes a third inlet 31 and a third outlet 32. The third inlet 31 communicates with the corresponding second outlet 22, and the third outlet 32 ​​faces the annular base 10. Specifically, the gas dispersion device 100 of this application is entirely placed in a high-temperature molten medium environment. The annular base 10 is located at its upper end. The annular base 10 has an annular hollow cavity 11 inside. The annular base 10 has a first inlet 12 for methane to enter, and the first inlet 12 communicates with the annular hollow cavity 11. Simultaneously, multiple gas dispersion tubes 20 are added, and each gas dispersion tube 20 is configured one-to-one with the first outlet. The second inlet 21 of each gas dispersion tube 20 communicates with the corresponding first outlet. Furthermore, by adding multiple gas nozzles 30, each corresponding to a second outlet 22, and with a third inlet 31 connected to the corresponding second outlet 22, the methane gas enters the annular hollow chamber 11 of the annular base 10 through the first inlet 12, then enters the corresponding gas dispersion tube 20 through the first outlet 13 on the annular base 10, and is collected after passing through the corresponding gas nozzles 30. In this process, the addition of multiple gas dispersion tubes 20 ensures uniform methane gas flow. Moreover, since the gas dispersion tubes 20 are placed in a high-temperature molten medium environment, the methane undergoes a heat exchange during its introduction into the gas dispersion tubes 20, achieving a certain preheating effect. After heat exchange, the methane passes through the gas nozzle 30 and exchanges heat with the high-temperature molten medium again. The gas nozzle 30 can make the methane present as small bubbles in the high-temperature molten medium, thereby effectively promoting uniform and sufficient heat exchange between the methane and the high-temperature molten medium, which helps the methane cracking to produce hydrogen reaction and effectively improves the efficiency of methane cracking to produce hydrogen.

[0033] It should be noted that the high-temperature molten medium is liquid and can be metallic nickel, tin, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, or a mixture thereof.

[0034] It is understood that the gas dispersion tube 20 can be made of a material with good heat exchange performance, such as metal. The material used to manufacture the gas dispersion tube 20 only needs to have good heat exchange performance, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the gas dispersion tube 20 includes a vertical tube 23 and a horizontal tube 24.

[0036] The top of the vertical pipe 23 has the second air inlet 21.

[0037] The inlet end of the horizontal pipe 24 is connected to the bottom end of the vertical pipe 23, and the outlet end of the horizontal pipe 24 has the second outlet 22. Thus, by making the gas dispersion pipe 20 include the vertical pipe 23 and the horizontal pipe 24, methane enters the vertical pipe 23 through the first outlet on the annular base 10, and then enters the gas nozzle 30 through the horizontal pipe 24. Since both the vertical pipe 23 and the horizontal pipe 24 are immersed in the high-temperature molten medium, the methane achieves a heat exchange with the high-temperature molten medium during its passage through the vertical pipe 23 and the horizontal pipe 24, achieving a certain preheating effect. Afterwards, the methane is ejected from the third outlet 32 ​​on the gas nozzle 30 and re-enters the high-temperature molten medium for a secondary heat exchange. This effectively improves the heat exchange efficiency between methane and the high-temperature molten medium.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the gas dispersion tubes 20 are distributed circumferentially along the annular base 10. Specifically, by distributing the gas dispersion tubes 20 circumferentially along the annular base 10, the methane introduced into the annular hollow chamber 11 can be uniformly dispersed, so that the methane and the high-temperature molten medium can exchange heat uniformly and sufficiently, effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency between the two.

[0039] Compared to a single gas dispersion tube or gas intake from the bottom of the gas dispersion device 100, the gas dispersion device 100 in this application uses N gas dispersion tubes 20, which can not only better disperse methane gas, but also achieve heat exchange between the methane gas entering the N gas dispersion tubes 20 and the high-temperature molten medium around the gas dispersion tubes 20. That is, a certain preheating effect can be achieved on the methane before it enters the liquid molten medium, which is beneficial to the methane cracking and hydrogen production reaction.

[0040] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the gas nozzles 30 are spaced apart within the projection range 40 of the annular base 10. Specifically, by spaced apart within the projection range 40 of the annular base 10, the methane ejected by the gas nozzles 30 can undergo sufficient heat exchange with the high-temperature molten medium, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0041] It should be noted that the so-called "projection range 40 of the annular base 10" refers to the projection of the annular base 10 toward the gas nozzle 30, that is, the bottom wall 208 in the housing 201 described below (see Figure 4 The projection of ).

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the gas nozzles 30 are arranged in multiple rings radially along the projection range 40 of the annular base 10, with each ring spaced apart. Specifically, by arranging the gas nozzles 30 in multiple rings radially along the projection range 40 of the annular base 10, with each ring spaced apart, the gas nozzles 30 are distributed throughout the entire projection area of ​​the annular base 10, allowing methane to be uniformly and fully heat-exchanged with the high-temperature molten medium, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the vertical pipe 23 and the horizontal pipe 24 are vertically connected. Specifically, by making the horizontal pipe 24 vertically connected to the vertical pipe 23, on the one hand, the shape of the outer shell 201 in the gas reactor 200 described below can be adapted. On the other hand, it also allows the gas nozzles 30 to be evenly distributed on the bottom wall 208 of the outer shell 201, achieving sufficient heat exchange between methane and the high-temperature molten medium.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the gas nozzle 30 includes a gas nozzle base 33, a gas nozzle cover 34, and a gas dispersion component 36, and the bottom end of the gas nozzle base 33 has the third air inlet 31.

[0045] The gas nozzle cover 34 is fastened to the gas nozzle base 33. The top of the gas nozzle cover 34 has the third air outlet 32. A cavity 35 is formed between the gas nozzle cover 34 and the gas nozzle base 33.

[0046] The gas dispersion component 36 is disposed in the cavity 35, with its lower surface facing the third air inlet 31 and its upper surface facing the third air outlet 32. Specifically, the gas nozzle 30 in this application has a gas nozzle base 33 and a gas nozzle cover 34 fastened to the gas nozzle base 33. A cavity 35 is formed between the gas nozzle cover 34 and the gas nozzle base 33. A gas dispersion component 36 is installed in the cavity 35. The bottom end of the gas nozzle base 33 has a third air inlet 31, and the top end of the gas nozzle cover 34 has a third air outlet 32. In this way, the methane in the gas dispersion tube 20 enters the cavity 35 formed between the gas nozzle base 33 and the gas nozzle cover 34 through the third air inlet 31 at the bottom end of the gas nozzle base 33. Then, it passes through the gas dispersion component 36 set in the cavity 35. The gas dispersion component 36 can make the methane uniformly enter the liquid molten medium through the third air outlet 32, effectively reducing the size of the bubbles entering the liquid molten medium, improving the heat exchange effect between the methane gas and the high-temperature molten medium, and thus improving the reaction efficiency of cracking methane to produce hydrogen.

[0047] In some preferred embodiments of this application, the gas dispersion component 36 includes a microporous ceramic plate or a microporous metal plate. Specifically, by constructing the gas dispersion component 36 as a microporous ceramic plate or a microporous metal plate, large micropores are formed on the microporous ceramic plate or the microporous metal plate, so that methane can be uniformly dispersed. After the methane enters the high-temperature molten medium through the microporous ceramic plate or the microporous metal plate, the methane will present as smaller bubbles, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the methane and the high-temperature molten medium and accelerating the cracking of methane to produce hydrogen.

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, according to a second aspect of this application, a gas reactor 200 is also provided, which includes a housing 201, a gas dispersion device 100 as described in the above embodiments, and a sealing cap 204.

[0049] In one embodiment of this application, the top of the outer shell 201 has an opening 202, and the interior of the outer shell 201 has a receiving cavity 203, which communicates with the opening 202, and the receiving cavity 203 contains a high-temperature molten medium.

[0050] The gas dispersion device 100 is disposed within the receiving cavity 203.

[0051] The sealing cap 204 covers the opening 202 of the outer shell 201. The sealing cap 204 has an inert gas inlet 205 and a gas outlet 206, both of which are connected to the receiving cavity 203. Specifically, the receiving cavity 203 of the gas reactor 200 of this application contains a high-temperature molten medium, and a gas dispersion device 100 is installed in the receiving cavity 203. The annular hollow chamber 11 at the top of the gas dispersion device 100 is completely immersed in the high-temperature molten medium. Before introducing methane into the gas reactor 200, inert gas is first introduced into the receiving cavity 203 through the inert gas inlet 205 to vent the receiving cavity 203. The air mixed with inert gas in the receiving cavity 203 is discharged to the outside through the gas outlet 206 to ensure the purity of the methane in the receiving cavity 203.

[0052] It should be noted that the inert gas can be nitrogen.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in some preferred embodiments of this application, the housing 201 includes a bottom wall 208 and a peripheral sidewall 209.

[0054] The side wall 209 is provided on the bottom wall 208.

[0055] A buffer cavity 207 is formed between the sealing cap 204 and the annular base 10.

[0056] The sidewall 209 and the gas dispersion tube 20 are arranged at intervals.

[0057] The gas nozzle 30 is disposed on the bottom wall 208. Specifically, the gas nozzle 30 is evenly distributed on the bottom wall 208 to achieve uniform dispersion of methane. A buffer cavity 207 is formed between the sealing cap 204 and the annular base 10 to facilitate the injection of inert gas into the receiving cavity 203, so as to discharge the air mixed with inert gas to the outside, avoid the presence of other impurities during the methane cracking process, and improve the purity of hydrogen production.

[0058] It should be noted that an annular mounting plate extending radially outward is provided at the opening 202 of the housing 201, and the sealing cover 204 is fastened to the opening 202 and sealed to the annular mounting plate. Specifically, an annular groove is formed on one of the annular mounting plate and the sealing cover 204, and an annular seal is formed on the other of the annular mounting plate and the sealing cover 204. When the sealing cover 204 is closed at the opening 202, the sealing cover 204 is tightly fitted to the annular mounting plate, so that the annular seal is embedded in the annular groove, thereby achieving a sealed connection between the sealing cover 204 and the annular mounting plate.

[0059] In one specific embodiment of this application, the annular seal may be a graphite-metal composite gasket.

[0060] In addition, to further improve the installation firmness of the sealing cover 204, the sealing cover 204 can be firmly fixed to the annular mounting plate by means of snap-fit ​​or bolt connection.

[0061] In summary, the gas dispersion device 100 of this application is entirely placed in a high-temperature molten medium environment. An annular base 10 is provided at its upper end. The annular base 10 has an annular hollow chamber 11 inside and a first inlet 12 for methane to enter. The first inlet 12 communicates with the annular hollow chamber 11. Simultaneously, multiple gas dispersion tubes 20 are added, with each gas dispersion tube 20 corresponding to a first outlet. The second inlet 21 of each gas dispersion tube 20 communicates with its corresponding first outlet. Furthermore, multiple gas nozzles 30 are added, with each gas nozzle 30 corresponding to a second outlet 22. The third inlet 31 of each gas nozzle 30 communicates with its corresponding second outlet 22, and the third outlet 32 ​​faces the annular base 10. In this way, methane gas enters the annular hollow chamber 11 of the annular base 10 through the first inlet 12, and then enters the corresponding gas dispersion tube 20 through the first outlet 13 on the annular base 10. After passing through the corresponding gas nozzle 30, it is collected. During this process, by adding multiple gas dispersion tubes 20, uniform introduction of methane gas is achieved. Furthermore, since the gas dispersion tubes 20 are set in a high-temperature molten medium environment, the methane undergoes a heat exchange during its introduction, achieving a certain preheating effect. After the heat exchange, the methane passes through the gas nozzle 30 and exchanges heat again with the high-temperature molten medium. The gas nozzle 30 causes the methane to form small-sized bubbles in the high-temperature molten medium, thereby effectively promoting uniform and sufficient heat exchange between the methane and the high-temperature molten medium, thus facilitating the methane cracking and hydrogen production reaction and effectively improving the efficiency of methane cracking and hydrogen production.

[0062] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Terms such as “setup” appearing herein can refer to either a component being directly attached to another component or a component being attached to another component via an intermediary. A feature described in one embodiment herein may be applied, alone or in combination with other features, to another embodiment, unless that feature is not applicable in that other embodiment or is otherwise stated.

[0063] This application has been described through the above embodiments; however, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this application to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that many more variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of this application, and all such variations and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A gas dispersion device for methane cracking to produce hydrogen, characterized in that, The gas dispersion device is used in a high-temperature molten medium environment, and the gas dispersion device includes: An annular base has an annular hollow cavity inside, and the annular base has a first air inlet for methane to enter. The first air inlet is connected to the annular hollow cavity, and the annular base has a plurality of first air outlets spaced apart along the circumference. Multiple gas dispersion tubes are provided, each corresponding to a first gas outlet. Each gas dispersion tube includes a second inlet and a second outlet, with the second inlet communicating with the corresponding first outlet. Each gas dispersion tube includes a vertical tube and a horizontal tube. The top of the vertical tube has the second inlet, the inlet end of the horizontal tube communicates with the bottom end of the vertical tube, and the outlet end of the horizontal tube has the second outlet. Multiple gas nozzles are provided, each corresponding to a second gas outlet. Each gas nozzle includes a third air inlet and a third air outlet. The third air inlet is connected to the corresponding second air outlet, and the third air outlet faces the annular base.

2. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas dispersion tubes are distributed circumferentially along the annular base.

3. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to claim 2, characterized in that, The gas nozzles are spaced apart within the projection range of the annular base.

4. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas nozzles are arranged in multiple radial rings along the projection range of the annular base, with each ring containing a spaced-out gas nozzle.

5. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe are connected vertically.

6. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The gas nozzle includes: A gas nozzle base, wherein the bottom end of the gas nozzle base has the third air inlet; A gas nozzle cover, which is fastened to the gas nozzle base, has a third gas outlet at its top end, and a cavity is formed between the gas nozzle cover and the gas nozzle base; and A gas dispersion component is disposed within the cavity, with its lower surface facing the third air inlet and its upper surface facing the third air outlet.

7. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to claim 6, characterized in that, The gas dispersion component includes a microporous ceramic plate or a microporous metal plate.

8. A gas reactor, characterized in that, include: The outer shell has an opening at its top and an interior cavity that communicates with the opening. The interior cavity contains a high-temperature molten medium. The gas dispersion apparatus for methane cracking to produce hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the gas dispersion apparatus is disposed within the receiving cavity; as well as A sealing cap that covers the opening of the housing, the sealing cap having an inert gas inlet and a gas outlet, both of which are in communication with the receiving cavity.

9. The gas reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer casing includes: bottom wall; Peripheral sidewalls, wherein the peripheral sidewalls are disposed on the bottom wall; A buffer cavity is formed between the sealing cap and the annular base; The peripheral sidewalls are spaced apart from the gas dispersion tubes; The gas nozzle is disposed on the bottom wall.

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