Anti-poisoning catalyst for fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hazardous waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to an anti-poisoning catalyst for fly ash low-temperature pyrolysis and a preparation method thereof, the catalyst taking multi-stage pore titanium dioxide as a carrier, taking vanadium pentoxide as an active component, introducing cerium-zirconium composite oxide as a chlorine capturing agent and phosphate as a heavy metal stabilizer. Through unique component design, the catalyst can effectively solve the problem of catalyst poisoning and deactivation caused by chlorine and heavy metals in the fly ash pyrolysis environment. The cerium-zirconium component dynamically captures gaseous chlorides through reversible reactions to protect active sites; the phosphate component can react with heavy metals in situ to generate stable minerals, realizing chemical fixation. The catalyst has strong resistance to chlorine poisoning and heavy metal poisoning, has a long service life, and provides effective technical support for the harmless and resourceful treatment of fly ash.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hazardous waste resource utilization technology, and in particular to an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Fly ash is the residue from waste incineration. Dioxins, a carcinogen produced during waste incineration, make up 90% of fly ash. If fly ash is not properly treated and not solidified, the large amounts of heavy metals and dioxins it contains can cause serious pollution incidents and endanger health. The main components of fly ash include silicon dioxide, calcium oxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide, sulfates, heavy metals such as mercury, manganese, magnesium, zinc, chromium, and lead, and toxic substances such as dioxins. Fly ash is a dual hazardous waste, possessing both heavy metal hazards and persistent organic toxicity, posing a significant threat to human health and the ecological environment.

[0003] According to GB18485-2014, fly ash from waste incineration is defined as hazardous waste. Fly ash must be collected independently and must not be mixed with municipal solid waste, waste treatment residue, or other hazardous waste. Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash must not be stored at the place of generation for a long period of time, must not be simply treated, and must not be discharged. With the growth of the waste incineration industry, fly ash production will continue to increase in the future.

[0004] Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash is classified as hazardous waste due to its high concentrations of chlorides, heavy metals, and trace amounts of highly toxic organic compounds such as dioxins. Pyrolysis technology is a promising method for the harmless treatment and resource utilization of fly ash. It can decompose organic pollutants, especially dioxins, in fly ash under anaerobic conditions and solidify or stabilize some heavy metals. Low-temperature pyrolysis (200-500℃) offers advantages over high-temperature melting and other technologies, including lower energy consumption, less demanding equipment requirements, and lower volatility of heavy metals.

[0005] For example, in the prior art, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN120328976A discloses a method for the resource utilization of fly ash from waste incineration. This method efficiently removes dioxins from fly ash by adding a vanadium-cerium biochar catalyst and co-pyrolyzing it with sulfur-fixing ash. The fly ash is then washed with micro-nano bubble water containing carbon dioxide for dechlorination. After dechlorination, an iron-manganese-silicon biochar adsorbent is added to adsorb heavy metals from the fly ash. The adsorbed fly ash is then co-sintered with fly ash under alkaline conditions to further stabilize residual soluble chlorine and heavy metals in the fly ash. Adding a catalyst during the low-temperature pyrolysis process can effectively improve the reaction efficiency. CN115155659A discloses a composite catalyst composed of a raw material solvent, a catalyst, a catalytic enhancer, a catalytic auxiliary agent, a metal complexing agent, an organic acid, and a surfactant. The surfactant, organic acid, and solvent are mixed evenly to obtain a mixed solution. The catalyst, catalytic enhancer, catalytic auxiliary agent, and metal complexing agent are then added sequentially to the mixed solution and mixed evenly to obtain the composite catalyst stock solution.

[0006] However, the high concentration of chlorine in fly ash releases corrosive gases such as HCl and Cl2 during pyrolysis, and promotes the volatilization of heavy metals and the generation of secondary pollutants. More importantly, chlorine readily poisons and deactivates traditional catalysts. The mechanism is that chlorine reacts with the active sites of the catalyst to form inactive V-Cl bonds, which block the catalyst pores. Simultaneously, heavy metal vapors volatilized from the fly ash can deposit, permeate, or react with active components on the catalyst surface, leading to physical blockage and chemical deactivation of the catalyst. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash and its preparation method, so as to solve the problem that the catalysts in the prior art cannot effectively adapt to the complex and highly toxic environment of fly ash and ensure long-term stable operation.

[0008] Therefore, on the one hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, wherein the anti-poisoning catalyst removes dioxins and couples the elution of chloride salts and soluble heavy metals during the fly ash pyrolysis process to complete fly ash detoxification. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash includes: Step S1: Prepare a hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support; Step S2: The cerium source and zirconium source are prepared into a mixed solution and loaded onto the multi-level porous titanium dioxide support by impregnation method. After drying and first calcination, an intermediate product loaded with cerium-zirconium composite oxide is obtained. Step S3: The vanadium source and phosphorus source are sequentially loaded onto the intermediate product obtained in step S2, and drying is performed after each loading. Step S4: The product obtained in step S3 is subjected to a second calcination to obtain the anti-poisoning catalyst; The anti-poisoning catalyst uses hierarchical porous titanium dioxide as a carrier, vanadium pentoxide as the active component, cerium-zirconium composite oxide as a co-catalyst and chlorine capture agent, and phosphorus source as a heavy metal stabilizer. The first roasting temperature of the first roasting and the second roasting temperature of the second roasting are both selected within the range of 300℃ to 600℃ based on the application scenario of the catalyst.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution for the preparation method of the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, the following fly ash matching process is set before step S1: Step S01: Through a limited number of experiments, establish a mapping relationship library between the process combination with the first calcination temperature and the second calcination temperature as joint variables and the performance tendency of the obtained anti-poisoning catalyst; the performance tendency is defined as the ratio of the maximum chlorine capture amount to the maximum heavy metal capture amount of the anti-poisoning catalyst. Step S02: Obtain the heavy metal percentage and chloride percentage of fly ash in the current batch of anti-poisoning catalyst application scenarios by mass percentage, and use the ratio of chloride percentage to heavy metal percentage as fly ash characteristic coefficient. Step S03: Determine the performance tendency based on the fly ash characteristic coefficient, and select the first calcination temperature and the second calcination temperature based on the performance tendency.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the preparation method of anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, in response to the inability to obtain fly ash parameters in the application scenario, the catalyst is prepared at a preset first standard calcination temperature and a preset second standard calcination temperature. After preparation, the performance characteristics corresponding to the first standard calcination temperature and the second standard calcination temperature are output.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, both the first standard calcination temperature and the second standard calcination temperature are 470°C.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the preparation method of an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, step S1 specifically includes: The multi-level porous titanium dioxide support was obtained by using a template method, with tetrabutyl titanate as the titanium source and block copolymer F127 as the soft template, after hydrolysis, polycondensation, aging, drying and calcination at 500℃~550℃.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the preparation method of an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, the hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support has a composite structure of macroporous and mesoporous structures, and the specific surface area of ​​the hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support is 150 m². 2 / g~300m 2 / g.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution for the preparation method of the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, in step S3, a sequential impregnation method is adopted. First, a mixed solution of ammonium metavanadate and oxalic acid is prepared and impregnated onto the powder obtained in step S2; then, an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is prepared for secondary impregnation, and drying is performed after each impregnation.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, the phosphorus source is zirconium hydrogen phosphate or titanium phosphate.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, which is prepared by the preparation method of the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash described in any of the above embodiments. The composition of the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash by mass percentage includes: 70% to 85% titanium dioxide, 3% to 8% vanadium pentoxide, 10% to 20% cerium-zirconium composite oxide, and 1% to 3% phosphate in the form of phosphorus pentoxide. The cerium-zirconium composite oxide includes CeO2 and ZrO2.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention establishes a dynamic chlorine capture mechanism. CeO2 and ZrO2 solid solutions possess excellent oxygen storage and release capabilities and a strong affinity for chlorine. CeO2 can effectively capture HCl or Cl2 in the gas phase through a reversible reaction: (CeO2 + 2HCl ↔ CeCl2 + H2O + 1 / 2O2), immobilizing it and thus preventing chlorine from contacting the main active site V2O5, protecting the V-OH active site. The introduction of ZrO2 enhances the thermal stability and chlorine capture capacity of CeO2.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention achieves effective protection of acidic sites. The abundant surface acidic sites of the catalyst (from TiO2, V2O5 and P species) can compete for the adsorption of chlorine species, further alleviating the chlorine poisoning pressure of the active center.

[0019] Furthermore, the phosphate loaded in this invention can react in situ with volatilized heavy metals under pyrolysis conditions to generate extremely stable, low-dissolution mineral phases such as phosphine chloride, thereby achieving chemical fixation of heavy metals and fundamentally preventing physical deposition and chemical poisoning of heavy metals on the catalyst surface.

[0020] Furthermore, the macroporous-mesoporous composite structure of the hierarchical porous titanium dioxide carrier of this invention provides a large dust-holding space, capable of accommodating immobilized heavy metal products and fly ash particles, effectively delaying the deactivation process of active sites due to physical covering. The hierarchical structure ensures a high specific surface area and excellent mass transfer efficiency, allowing the V2O5 active centers to be highly dispersed and fully utilized.

[0021] Furthermore, the introduction of CeO2 and ZrO2 is not only for resistance to chlorine, but also for their own redox properties (CeO2 and ZrO2). 4+ / Ce 3+ It can also produce a synergistic effect with V2O5, significantly enhancing the low-temperature catalytic activity for the deep oxidation of dioxins.

[0022] In particular, due to the limited space of the carrier, the adsorption capacity of the anti-poisoning catalyst is limited. If the activity of a certain adsorbed component in the chlorine scavenger or heavy metal stabilizer is too high, but the concentration of the corresponding pollutant in the scenario is low, the space for adsorbing other components will be reduced, thus reducing the catalytic capacity of the catalyst. This invention directly transforms the compositional characteristics of fly ash into a combination of comprehensively optimized catalyst preparation process parameters through a pre-established, global mapping relationship. Moreover, the calcination temperature selection range of this invention exceeds the existing calcination temperature range. Thus, even if some calcination temperatures reduce or even destroy the activity of chlorine scavengers or heavy metal stabilizers, the method of this invention can choose to destroy or reduce a certain activity (because its requirement in the scenario is low) to adapt to the scenario, increase the adsorption space of other active substances, and thus improve the matching degree between adsorption capacity and scenario. In this way, within the limited space of the carrier, the most balanced and effective catalyst is customized for a specific type of fly ash, improving versatility and application effect. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash and its preparation method in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a comparative distribution diagram of dioxin degradation rates in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0026] This invention provides a catalyst for the low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, using hierarchical porous titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a support, vanadium oxide (V2O5) as the main active component, and incorporating cerium-zirconium composite oxide (CeO2-ZrO2) as a co-catalyst and chlorine scavenger, as well as phosphate as a heavy metal stabilizer. The catalyst composition, by mass percentage, includes: Carrier TiO2: 70%–85%; Active component V2O5: 3%–8%; Co-catalyst CeO2-ZrO2 (Ce / Zr molar ratio 1:1 to 4:1): 10%–20%; Heavy metal stabilizers (calculated as P2O5): 1%–3%; The hierarchical porous TiO2 support has a macroporous-mesoporous composite structure and a specific surface area of ​​150 m². 2 / g~300m 2 The pore size distribution includes mesopores of 5nm–20nm and macropores of 50nm–200nm. This structure facilitates the diffusion of reactants and products and effectively alleviates pore blockage caused by carbon deposits and heavy metal deposition. It provides a large dust-holding space, capable of accommodating immobilized heavy metal products and fly ash particles, effectively delaying the deactivation of active sites due to physical covering. The hierarchical pore structure ensures a high specific surface area and excellent mass transfer efficiency, allowing for the high dispersion and full utilization of V₂O₅ active centers.

[0027] Furthermore, the phosphate is selected from zirconium hydrogen phosphate (Zr(HPO4)2) or titanium phosphate (TiP2O7). On the one hand, it can react with heavy metals in the gas phase to form a stable phosphate mineral phase (such as Pyromorphite, Pb5(PO4)3Cl), thereby fixing the heavy metals and preventing them from poisoning the active center. On the other hand, the P-OH groups on its surface can also provide acidic sites to assist the catalytic reaction.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned anti-poisoning catalyst, including: step S1, preparing a hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support; step S2, preparing a mixed solution of cerium source and zirconium source, loading it onto the hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support by impregnation method, and obtaining an intermediate product loaded with cerium-zirconium composite oxide after drying and a first calcination; step S3, sequentially loading a vanadium source and a phosphorus source onto the intermediate product obtained in step S2, and drying after each loading; step S4, subjecting the product obtained in step S3 to a second calcination to obtain the anti-poisoning catalyst; In detail, the preparation of the hierarchical porous TiO2 support in step S1 adopts the template method, using tetrabutyl titanate as the titanium source and block copolymer F127 as the soft template. After hydrolysis, polycondensation, aging, drying and calcination at 500℃~550℃, a hierarchical porous TiO2 support is obtained.

[0029] In step S2, the chlorine scavenger CeO2-ZrO2 is loaded using a co-impregnation method, in which an equal volume of a mixed solution of cerium nitrate and zirconium oxychloride is impregnated onto the TiO2 support obtained in S1, and after drying, it is calcined at 300℃~600℃ to form a highly dispersed CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution.

[0030] In step S3, a sequential impregnation method is used. First, a mixed solution of ammonium metavanadate and oxalic acid is prepared and impregnated onto the powder obtained in S2; then, an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is prepared for a second impregnation. Drying is performed after each impregnation.

[0031] In step S4, the powder obtained in step S3 is calcined in an air atmosphere at 300°C to 600°C for 4 to 6 hours to obtain a catalyst.

[0032] In the above method, a dynamic chlorine capture mechanism is established. CeO2 and ZrO2 solid solutions possess excellent oxygen storage and release capabilities and a strong affinity for chlorine. CeO2 can effectively capture HCl or Cl2 in the gas phase and immobilize it through the reversible reaction: (CeO2 + 2HCl ↔ CeCl2 + H2O + 1 / 2O2), thereby preventing chlorine from contacting the main active site V2O5 and protecting the V-OH active site. The introduction of ZrO2 enhances the thermal stability and chlorine capture capacity of CeO2.

[0033] Simultaneously, effective protection of acidic sites is achieved. The abundant surface acidic sites of the catalyst (from TiO2, V2O5, and P species) can competitively adsorb chlorine species, further alleviating the chlorine poisoning pressure on the active center. Moreover, the supported phosphate can react in situ with volatilized heavy metals under pyrolysis conditions to generate extremely stable, low-dissolution mineral phases such as phosphine chlorite, achieving chemical fixation of heavy metals and fundamentally preventing physical deposition and chemical poisoning of heavy metals on the catalyst surface.

[0034] Furthermore, the introduction of CeO2 and ZrO2 is not only for resistance to chlorine, but also for their own redox properties (CeO2 and ZrO2). 4+ / Ce 3+ It can also produce a synergistic effect with V2O5, significantly enhancing the low-temperature catalytic activity for the deep oxidation of dioxins.

[0035] To improve application effectiveness, this embodiment provides the following fly ash matching methods, with method one being: Step S01: Through a limited number of experiments, establish a mapping relationship library between the process combination with the first calcination temperature and the second calcination temperature as joint variables and the performance tendency of the obtained anti-poisoning catalyst; the performance tendency is defined as the ratio of the maximum chlorine capture amount to the maximum heavy metal capture amount of the anti-poisoning catalyst. Step S02: Obtain the heavy metal percentage and chloride percentage of fly ash in the current batch of anti-poisoning catalyst application scenarios by mass percentage, and use the ratio of chloride percentage to heavy metal percentage as fly ash characteristic coefficient. Step S03: Determine the performance tendency based on the fly ash characteristic coefficient (i.e., select the performance tendency whose ratio is consistent with the fly ash characteristic coefficient), and select the first calcination temperature and the second calcination temperature based on the performance tendency.

[0036] It should be understood that once the maximum chlorine capture or maximum heavy metal capture is reached, the anti-poisoning catalyst can no longer capture chloride salts or heavy metals.

[0037] The purpose of Method 1 is that, due to the limited space of the carrier, the adsorption capacity of the anti-poisoning catalyst is limited. If the activity of a certain adsorbent component in the chlorine capture agent or heavy metal stabilizer is too high, but the concentration of the corresponding pollutant in the scenario is low, the space for adsorbing other components will be reduced, thus reducing the catalytic capacity of the catalyst. Through a pre-established global mapping relationship, the compositional characteristics of fly ash are directly transformed into a combination of comprehensively optimized catalyst preparation process parameters. In this way, within the limited space of the carrier, the most balanced and effective catalyst is customized for a specific type of fly ash, improving versatility and application effect.

[0038] Method two involves preparing the fly ash at preset first and second standard calcination temperatures when fly ash parameters are unavailable for the application scenario. After preparation, the performance characteristics corresponding to the first and second standard calcination temperatures are output. Both the first and second standard calcination temperatures are 470℃.

[0039] The purpose of Method 2 is that, in some cases, information on the application scenario of fly ash cannot be obtained. In this case, after outputting the performance characteristics of fly ash, users can select the application scenario or even change the application scenario based on the performance characteristics. For example, in order to change the proportion of chloride salt in fly ash, an additional chloride salt capture method can be set up in advance one step before the pyrolysis catalysis process so that the performance characteristics of fly ash are consistent with the product, thereby improving the catalytic effect.

[0040] Example 1: Based on a comparison of fly ash parameters with a mapping database for catalyst application scenarios, the first calcination temperature was determined to be 580℃, and the second calcination temperature to be 410℃. Weigh 10g of hierarchical porous TiO2 support (specific surface area 220m²). 2 / g). A solution containing cerium nitrate and zirconium oxychloride (Ce / Zr = 2:1, molar ratio) was prepared and impregnated onto the above support by an equal volume. The mixture was dried at 110℃ for 12 hours and calcined at 580℃ for 4 hours to obtain intermediate product A. A 0.5 mol / L ammonium metavanadate-oxalic acid solution was prepared and impregnated onto intermediate product A by an equal volume, and dried at 110℃. A 0.2 mol / L ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution was then prepared for a second impregnation, and dried at 110℃. Finally, the resulting powder was calcined in air at 410℃ for 5 hours to obtain the final catalyst C-1. Its final composition is: TiO2 78%, V2O 55%, CeO2-ZrO2 15%, P2O 52%.

[0041] Performance Testing: Catalyst evaluation was conducted in a fixed-bed reactor in the example. Reactant gas composition: N2 as the equilibrium gas, containing 10% O2, 100 ppm HCl, and 500 ppm dioxin analogues (OCDD as a model compound). Chloride vapors containing Pb, Zn, and Cd were introduced through an evaporator (simulating the heavy metal release environment from fly ash pyrolysis). The reaction temperature was 300°C, and the space velocity was 10000 h⁻¹. -1 .

[0042] Results: Catalytic activity and chlorine resistance in the corresponding scenarios are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the catalyst C-1 of this invention maintained a degradation rate of over 99.8% for OCDD throughout the entire 500-hour test, demonstrating extremely stable performance. In contrast, the comparative commercial denitrification catalyst (V2O5-WO3 / TiO2) had an initial activity of 99.0%, but its activity rapidly declined after 100 hours due to chlorine poisoning, and the degradation rate decreased to 75.3% after 500 hours.

[0043] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, wherein, The anti-poisoning catalyst removes dioxins and couples the elution of chloride salts and soluble heavy metals during the fly ash pyrolysis process to complete fly ash detoxification. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature fly ash pyrolysis includes: Step S1: Prepare a hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support; Step S2: The cerium source and zirconium source are prepared into a mixed solution and loaded onto the multi-level porous titanium dioxide support by impregnation method. After drying and first calcination, an intermediate product loaded with cerium-zirconium composite oxide is obtained. Step S3: The vanadium source and phosphorus source are sequentially loaded onto the intermediate product obtained in step S2, and drying is performed after each loading. Step S4: The product obtained in step S3 is subjected to a second calcination to obtain the anti-poisoning catalyst; The anti-poisoning catalyst uses hierarchical porous titanium dioxide as a carrier, vanadium pentoxide as the active component, cerium-zirconium composite oxide as a co-catalyst and chlorine capture agent, and phosphorus source as a heavy metal stabilizer. The first calcination temperature of the first calcination and the second calcination temperature of the second calcination are both selected within the range of 300℃ to 600℃ based on the application scenario of the catalyst. Before step S1, the following fly ash matching process is set: Step S01: Through a limited number of experiments, establish a mapping relationship library between the process combination with the first calcination temperature and the second calcination temperature as joint variables and the performance tendency of the obtained anti-poisoning catalyst; the performance tendency is defined as the ratio of the maximum chlorine capture amount to the maximum heavy metal capture amount of the anti-poisoning catalyst. Step S02: Obtain the heavy metal percentage and chloride percentage of fly ash in the current batch of anti-poisoning catalyst application scenarios by mass percentage, and use the ratio of chloride percentage to heavy metal percentage as fly ash characteristic coefficient. Step S03: Determine the performance tendency based on the fly ash characteristic coefficient, and select the first calcination temperature and the second calcination temperature based on the performance tendency; Once the maximum chlorine capture or maximum heavy metal capture is reached, the anti-poisoning catalyst can no longer capture chloride salts or heavy metals.

2. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, In response to the inability to obtain fly ash parameters for the application scenario, the preparation is carried out at a preset first standard calcination temperature and a second standard calcination temperature. After the preparation is completed, the performance tendencies corresponding to the first standard calcination temperature and the second standard calcination temperature are output.

3. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first standard roasting temperature and the second standard roasting temperature are both 470℃.

4. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 specifically includes: The multi-level porous titanium dioxide support was obtained by using a template method, with tetrabutyl titanate as the titanium source and block copolymer F127 as the soft template, after hydrolysis, polycondensation, aging, drying and calcination at 500℃~550℃.

5. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchical porous titanium dioxide support has a composite structure of macroporous and mesoporous structures, and its specific surface area is 150 m². 2 / g~300m 2 / g.

6. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, a sequential impregnation method is used. First, a mixed solution of ammonium metavanadate and oxalic acid is prepared and impregnated onto the powder obtained in step S2. Then, an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution is prepared for a second impregnation. After each impregnation, the powder is dried.

7. The method for preparing the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus source is zirconium hydrogen phosphate or titanium phosphate.

8. A poisoning-resistant catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, characterized in that, The catalyst is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 for the preparation of an anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash. The composition of the anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash by mass percentage includes: 70% to 85% titanium dioxide, 3% to 8% vanadium pentoxide, 10% to 20% cerium-zirconium composite oxide, and 1% to 3% phosphate in the form of phosphorus pentoxide.

9. The anti-poisoning catalyst for low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cerium-zirconium composite oxide includes CeO2 and ZrO2.

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