Hydraulic gyratory crusher

Abstract

The application discloses a hydraulic gyratory crusher, which comprises a crusher, a main shaft arranged in the crusher, a movable cone part arranged on the main shaft, a plurality of T-shaped grooves arranged on the movable cone part, a plurality of grinding lining plates arranged in the T-shaped grooves, wherein the grinding lining plates slide relative to the T-shaped grooves, a traction device arranged between the grinding lining plates, a top cover arranged above the movable cone part, wherein the top cover is arranged on the main shaft, a pressing mechanism arranged on the main shaft, and an ejection mechanism arranged on the main shaft and below the movable cone part. The application solves the problem that the movable cone grinding part is difficult to be locally replaced and maintained in a short time in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mining crusher technology, and in particular to a hydraulic gyratory crusher. Background Technology

[0002] A gyratory crusher is a type of machinery commonly used in ore crushing and sand making production lines. It consists of a main shaft with a crushing cone, the upper end of which is supported in a bushing in the middle of a crossbeam, while the lower end is placed in an eccentric hole in the bushing. When the bushing rotates, the crushing cone performs an eccentric gyratory motion around the machine's centerline, thus crushing the ore. However, in existing gyratory crushers, the lower space of the crushing cavity formed between the moving and stationary cones is relatively small. During the crushing operation of the moving and stationary cones, the lower part of the moving cone experiences significant stress, leading to rapid wear and a greatly reduced service life. Furthermore, replacing the moving cone requires replacing the entire machine, impacting production efficiency and easily resulting in resource waste. Based on this prior art, Chinese invention patent number CN211913884U discloses a hydraulic gyratory crusher for iron ore mining. By setting a lower cone sleeve at the lower part of the moving cone of the gyratory crusher and setting a T-shaped extrusion block with a long service life on the outside of the lower cone sleeve, the service life of the moving cone can be effectively guaranteed. It is more convenient to maintain the moving cone, and there is no need to replace the whole cone, which greatly saves resources, improves production efficiency, and has high economic benefits.

[0003] However, in applying the above-mentioned existing technologies, it was found that gyratory crushers have a complex structure and a high body, making maintenance difficult. When replacing the moving cone part, the existing technology still requires disassembling the outer shell one by one to expose the moving cone part of the main shaft before the moving cone can be replaced and repaired. However, the crusher is generally large, and the work of disassembling the outer shell is time-consuming and requires a long downtime, making it difficult to achieve local replacement and maintenance of the moving cone grinding part in a short time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to perform local replacement and maintenance of the moving cone grinding part in a short period of time.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A hydraulic gyratory crusher includes a crusher with a main shaft inside. A movable cone is fitted on the main shaft. The movable cone has a plurality of T-slots. A plurality of grinding liners are provided in the T-slots. The grinding liners slide relative to the T-slots. A traction device is provided between the grinding liners. A top cover is provided above the movable cone. The top cover is fitted on the main shaft. A clamping mechanism is provided on the main shaft. An ejection mechanism is fitted on the main shaft and is located below the movable cone.

[0006] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a first cylinder body, which is sleeved on the main shaft. A first piston is sleeved on the first cylinder body and slides relative to the first cylinder body. A pressure plate is provided on the first piston, and a first spring is provided between the pressure plate and the first cylinder body. The first spring is sleeved on the first piston, and the first cylinder body is connected to an external oil pump.

[0007] Preferably, the ejection mechanism includes a second cylinder body, which is sleeved on the main shaft and located below the moving cone. The second cylinder body contains a plurality of oil cylinders, which are connected by oil passages. Each oil cylinder has a second piston that slides relative to the oil cylinder. The second piston has an ejection part. The second cylinder body is connected to an external oil pump.

[0008] Preferably, the grinding liner is I-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the grinding liner is further provided with several cavities, and the traction device is connected to the cavities.

[0010] Preferably, the traction device includes a pair of locking bolts, which are detachably connected to the cavity, and a flexible connection is provided between the locking bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the traction device further includes a lifting bolt, which is detachably connected to the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the top cover includes several combination plates, and the combination plates are provided with key and slot, and the key and the slot are engaged.

[0013] The beneficial effects proposed by this invention are as follows: When replacing or repairing the grinding liner, the crusher must first be stopped. Then, the clamping mechanism is activated to release its pressure on the top cover. Next, the top cover is removed, releasing the upper limit of the grinding liner. After completing the initial disassembly, the external lifting equipment is moved to above the crusher's feed inlet, i.e., above the moving cone. The external lifting equipment is connected to the grinding liner, and a lifting force is applied to it. Before this, the ejection mechanism is activated, lifting the grinding liner upwards, allowing it to slide relative to the T-slot. This method improves the efficiency of removing the grinding liner from the T-slot and reduces the risk of obstruction when sand and gravel adhere to the moving cone, hindering its sliding within the T-slot. Furthermore, after removing the damaged grinding liner, a brand new grinding liner is suspended on an external hoisting device and aligned with the T-slot. As the external hoisting device gradually lowers, the grinding liner is installed into the T-slot. Once the grinding liner is fully slid into the T-slot, the external hoisting device is disconnected from the grinding liner. At this point, the grinding liner, under its own weight, presses against the axis of the T-slot, achieving further tightening and limiting. During this process, the ejection mechanism retracts and resets, allowing the grinding liner to fill the T-slot. Then, the top cover seals the T-slot, thus fixing the grinding liner within the T-slot and ensuring stable operation of the grinding liner within the crusher. Finally, the clamping mechanism is activated again to compact the top cover, further enhancing the ability to limit and fix the grinding liner.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above description, the grinding liners within the T-slot consist of several pieces, and these grinding liners are connected by the traction device. This method allows the grinding liners to be pressed together by their own weight, improving their stability. The traction device also facilitates the simultaneous removal and placement of several grinding liners from and into the T-slot. Furthermore, this arrangement reduces the risk of strength reduction due to stress on the grinding liners, thus increasing their service life.

[0015] By means of the above method, the grinding and crushing parts of the moving cone can be maintained and replaced without disassembling the outer shell of the crusher, thereby reducing the downtime of the crusher and further improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 2This is a half-sectional view of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view A of a half-sectional view of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view B in a half-sectional view of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the moving cone of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a half-sectional view of the clamping mechanism of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a half-sectional view of the ejection mechanism of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention. Figure 8 This is a partially enlarged half-sectional view (C) of the ejection mechanism of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention. Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the lifting bolt of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the top cover of a hydraulic gyratory crusher proposed in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Crusher; 2. Main shaft; 3. Moving cone; 4. T-slot; 5. Grinding liner; 6. First cylinder; 7. First piston; 8. Pressure plate; 9. First spring; 10. Second cylinder; 11. Hydraulic cylinder; 12. Hydraulic passage; 13. Second piston; 14. Ejector; 15. Cavity; 16. Locking bolt; 17. Flexible connection; 18. Lifting bolt; 19. Combination plate; 20. Locking key; 21. Locking groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] Reference Figures 1 to 10A hydraulic gyratory crusher includes a crusher 1, a main shaft 2 inside the crusher 1, a movable cone 3 fitted on the main shaft 2, a plurality of T-slots 4 on the movable cone 3, a plurality of grinding liners 5 within the T-slots 4, the grinding liners 5 sliding relative to the T-slots 4, a traction device between the grinding liners 5, a top cover above the movable cone 3 fitted on the main shaft 2, a clamping mechanism on the main shaft 2, and an ejection mechanism fitted on the main shaft 2, the ejection mechanism being located below the movable cone 3. Specifically, when replacing or repairing the grinding liners 5, the crusher 1 must first be stopped, then the clamping mechanism is activated to release the clamping state of the top cover, and then the top cover is removed to release the upper limit of the grinding liners 5. After completing the above-mentioned pre-disassembly work, the external hoisting equipment is activated and moved to above the feed inlet of the crusher 1, that is, above the moving cone 3. The external hoisting equipment is then connected to the grinding liner 5. Subsequently, a lifting force is applied to the grinding liner 5 by hoisting. Before this, the ejection mechanism is activated to lift the grinding liner 5 upward, so that the grinding liner 5 slides relative to the T-slot 4. This method helps to improve the efficiency of removing the grinding liner 5 from the T-slot 4 and reduces the risk that the grinding liner 5 will be obstructed from sliding in the T-slot 4 when sand and gravel adhere to the moving cone 3. Furthermore, after removing the damaged grinding liner 5, a brand new grinding liner 5 is suspended on an external hoisting device and aligned with the T-slot 4. As the external hoisting device gradually descends, the grinding liner 5 is installed into the T-slot 4. Once the grinding liner 5 has completely slid into the T-slot 4, the external hoisting device is disconnected from the grinding liner 5. At this point, the grinding liner 5, under its own weight, presses against the axis of the T-slot 4, achieving further tightening and limiting. During this process, the ejection mechanism retracts and resets, allowing the grinding liner 5 to fill the T-slot 4. Then, the top cover is used to seal the T-slot 4, thus fixing the grinding liner 5 within the T-slot 4 and ensuring stable operation of the grinding liner 5 within the crusher 1. Finally, the clamping mechanism is activated again to compact the top cover, further enhancing the ability to limit and fix the grinding liner 5.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above description, there are several grinding liners 5 within the T-slot 4, and these grinding liners 5 are connected by the traction device. This allows the grinding liners 5 to be pressed together by their own weight, improving their stability. The traction device also facilitates the simultaneous removal and placement of several grinding liners 5 from the T-slot 4. Furthermore, this arrangement reduces the risk of strength reduction due to stress on the grinding liners 5, thus increasing their service life.

[0021] By means of the above method, it is possible to maintain and replace the grinding and crushing part of the moving cone 3 without disassembling the outer shell of the crusher 1, thereby reducing the downtime of the crusher 1 and further improving production efficiency.

[0022] Specifically, the clamping mechanism includes a first cylinder 6, which is sleeved on the main shaft 2. A first piston 7 is sleeved on the first cylinder 6 and slides relative to the first cylinder 6. A pressure plate 8 is provided on the first piston 7, and a first spring 9 is provided between the pressure plate 8 and the first cylinder 6. The first spring 9 is sleeved on the first piston 7. The first cylinder 6 is connected to an external oil pump. When the clamping mechanism is activated, the external oil pump controls the volume of the driving oil inside the first cylinder 6, thereby controlling the extension or retraction of the first piston 7 on the first cylinder 6. That is, when the volume of the driving oil in the first cylinder 6 increases, the driving oil will push the first piston 7 outward from the first cylinder 6, causing the pressure plate 8 to gradually approach the top cover until the pressure plate 8 is completely in contact with the top cover, thereby achieving complete clamping of the top cover. This method helps to improve the ability of the top cover to limit and fix the grinding liner 5, and reduces the risk of the grinding liner 5 falling off during the operation of the moving cone 3. Furthermore, during the above process, the first spring 9 releases its elastic force and acts on the pressure plate 8, thereby increasing the pressure of the pressure plate 8. Simultaneously, it also helps to reduce the speed of the pressure plate 8 during the contraction process, so as to reduce the impact force of the first piston 7 on the first cylinder 6 during operation and improve the service life of the press mechanism.

[0023] It should be noted that the clamping mechanism is mounted on the main shaft 2 via the first cylinder 6. The clamping mechanism rotates synchronously with the main shaft 2 and has a certain distance from the outer shell of the crusher 1. This arrangement helps to reduce the risk of the clamping mechanism interfering with the outer shell of the crusher 1 during operation of the moving cone 3, thereby improving the ability of the crusher 1 to operate stably.

[0024] Specifically, the ejection mechanism includes a second cylinder 10, which is sleeved on the main shaft 2 and located below the moving cone 3. The second cylinder 10 contains a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 11, which are connected by an oil passage 12. Each hydraulic cylinder 11 has a second piston 13 that slides relative to the hydraulic cylinder 11. The second piston 13 has an ejection part 14. The second cylinder 10 is connected to an external oil pump. When the ejection mechanism is activated, the volume of driving oil in the cylinder 11 is controlled by an external oil pump. To reduce the risk of the crusher 1 being affected by bulky piping, an oil passage 12 is connected between the cylinders 11. The driving oil flows through the oil passage 12 within the cylinders 11. When the amount of driving oil in the cylinder 11 increases, the driving oil pushes the second piston 13 outward from the cylinder 11, thereby driving the ejection part 14 to act on the grinding liner 5. As the ejection part 14 gradually extends, the installation limit between the grinding liner 5 and the T-slot 4 is eventually released, facilitating the removal of the grinding liner 5 from the T-slot 4 by external hoisting equipment. Finally, after the grinding liner 5 is removed, the external oil pump is activated to reduce the volume of driving oil in the cylinder 11. In this way, the second piston 13 drives the ejection part 14 downward until the ejection part 14 is retracted into the second cylinder 10, thus resetting the ejection mechanism.

[0025] Specifically, the grinding liner 5 is I-shaped. The grinding liner 5 is preferably I-shaped. This design increases the contact area between the grinding liner 5 and the T-slot 4, thereby reducing the degree of freedom of the grinding liner 5 and improving its positioning. This enhances the stability of the grinding liner 5 during installation. Furthermore, it facilitates stable guidance between the T-slot 4 and the grinding liner 5 during disassembly and installation from the T-slot 4. In addition to the aforementioned effects, the grinding liner 5 also increases the contact area with the moving cone 3, allowing it to partially cover the surface of the moving cone 3. This increases the contact area between the grinding liner 5 and the ore raw material, reducing the impact force on the moving cone 3 and thus increasing its service life.

[0026] Specifically, the grinding liner 5 also has several cavities 15, and the traction device is connected to the cavities 15. Since the grinding liners 5 are stacked sequentially abutting each other within the T-slot 4, the traction device needs to be embedded within the grinding liners 5 when they are installed in the T-slot 4. Therefore, several cavities 15 are arranged within the grinding liner 5, and when two grinding liners 5 abut each other, the traction device is stored within the cavity 15. This method helps to reduce the gaps between the grinding liners 5 when they are installed in the T-slot 4, reducing the risk of impurities entering the T-slot 4 through these gaps during operation.

[0027] Specifically, the traction device includes a pair of locking bolts 16, which are detachably connected to the cavity 15. A flexible connecting portion 17 is provided between the locking bolts 16. During the connection process between the grinding liner plates 5 via the traction device, the locking bolts 16 are first connected to the cavity 15, preferably by a threaded connection. This facilitates the convenient detachable connection of the locking bolts 16 to the cavity 15. Subsequently, the flexible connecting portion 17 connects the locking bolts 16. Preferably, the flexible connecting portion 17 is a steel wire rope, which has high strength and high toughness, ensuring the stability of the grinding liner plates 5 during lifting.

[0028] Specifically, the traction device also includes a lifting bolt 18, which is detachably connected to the cavity 15. The lifting bolt 18 is used to connect the grinding liner 5 to external lifting equipment. When disassembling or installing the grinding liner 5, the operator first needs to install the lifting bolt 18 into the cavity 15. Preferably, the lifting bolt 18 is threadedly connected to the cavity 15. Subsequently, the external lifting equipment is connected to the lifting bolt 18. When the external lifting equipment applies a lifting force, this force acts on the grinding liner 5 through the lifting bolt 18, thereby removing the grinding liner 5 from the T-slot 4. Similarly, when the grinding liner 5 is installed in the T-slot 4, the lifting bolt 18 also facilitates the continuous lifting of the grinding liner 5 by the external lifting equipment, thereby reducing the risk of the grinding liner 5 falling during installation and reducing the possibility of damage to the moving cone 3 due to impact from the grinding liner 5.

[0029] Specifically, the top cover includes several assembly plates 19, each assembly plate 19 having a locking key 20 and a locking groove 21, with the locking key 20 engaging with the locking groove 21. The top cover is assembled by splicing the assembly plates 19 together. During this process, the locking key 20 engages with the locking groove 21, thereby improving the stability of the splicing between the assembly plates 19. Furthermore, the assembly plates 19 are connected to the moving cone portion 3, fixing the top cover to the moving cone portion 3, thus limiting the position of the grinding liner 5 and improving the stability of the grinding liner 5. This method facilitates easy disassembly and installation of the top cover from the spindle 2, improving the maintenance efficiency of the grinding liner 5.

[0030] It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned method, the top cover, the pressing mechanism and the ejection mechanism can all be equipped with baffles (not shown in the figure) to isolate the impact of raw materials or structures with a guiding function, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the top cover and the pressing mechanism caused by the feeding of ore raw materials during the operation of the crusher 1, and at the same time improving the flowability of ore raw materials.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic gyratory crusher, comprising a crusher, wherein the crusher is provided with a main shaft, characterized in that: A movable cone portion is fitted onto the main shaft. The movable cone portion has several T-slots. Several grinding liners are installed in the T-slots. The grinding liners slide relative to the T-slots. A traction device is provided between the grinding liners. A top cover is provided above the movable cone portion. The top cover is fitted onto the main shaft. A clamping mechanism is provided on the main shaft. An ejection mechanism is fitted onto the main shaft. The ejection mechanism is located below the movable cone portion.

2. The hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a first cylinder body, which is sleeved on the main shaft. A first piston is sleeved on the first cylinder body and slides relative to the first cylinder body. A pressure plate is provided on the first piston. A first spring is provided between the pressure plate and the first cylinder body. The first spring is sleeved on the first piston. The first cylinder body is connected to an external oil pump.

3. The hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ejection mechanism includes a second cylinder body, which is sleeved on the main shaft and located below the moving cone. The second cylinder body contains a plurality of oil cylinders, which are connected by oil passages. Each oil cylinder has a second piston that slides relative to the oil cylinder. The second piston has an ejection part. The second cylinder body is connected to an external oil pump.

4. The hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding liner is I-shaped.

5. A hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grinding liner is further provided with several cavities, and the traction device is connected to the cavities.

6. The hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: The traction device includes a pair of locking bolts, which are detachably connected to the cavity, and a flexible connection is provided between the locking bolts.

7. A hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: The traction device also includes a lifting bolt, which is detachably connected to the cavity.

8. A hydraulic gyratory crusher according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top cover includes several combination plates, and the combination plates are provided with key and slot, and the key and slot are engaged.

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