An adaptive flat-panel splicing tack-welding device

Abstract

The application is a kind of self-adaptive flat plate splicing backing welding device, comprising: a sliding plate, which can move linearly along the welding direction of the steel plate; a fixed block, which is used for fixing the welding gun and making the welding end of the welding gun perpendicular to the steel plate; a guide block, which is installed at the welding end of the welding gun; the guide block is tapered from wide to narrow, the tapered surface of which abuts against the upper edge of the groove and is in point contact with the upper edge; a connecting rod, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed block in the horizontal direction; a support, which is vertically installed on the sliding plate; the support is provided with a vertically extending slot; the two ends of the connecting rod are inserted into the slot; the guide block can be lifted and swung; a grinding head is also installed on the sliding plate in front of the welding gun. The above arrangement effectively avoids defects such as incomplete fusion and undercut caused by groove differences, and ensures that the backing weld is centered and formed, and the penetration is uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of splicing welding technology, specifically an adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal structure manufacturing, coplanar splicing welding of thick carbon steel plates (usually referring to steel plates with a thickness of not less than 6 mm) is a common process. To ensure that the welded joint has sufficient strength and reliability, it is usually necessary to process bevels at the splice edges to achieve full penetration connection across the entire thickness range. However, due to the large thickness of the plates, if the entire weld seam is filled using a single-pass welding, a series of process problems will arise due to excessive heat input, such as deformation, burn-through, or serious defects.

[0003] Therefore, in actual production, thick plate butt welding usually adopts a multi-layer, multi-pass welding process, and heat accumulation is controlled by filling layer by layer to ensure the forming quality.

[0004] In multi-layer welding, the welding quality of the root pass (i.e., the first weld layer, located at the root of the bevel) is particularly critical. As the foundation for subsequent welds, the formation of this pass directly affects the fusion effect of subsequent welds and the overall mechanical properties of the joint.

[0005] However, in actual processing, the following defects are prone to occur in the preparation of the bevel: 1. Deviation in bevel size, resulting in bevel angles that are too large or too small; a bevel that is too small can easily lead to incomplete root penetration, while a bevel that is too large can easily lead to incomplete welding. 2. The two thick plates to be spliced ​​are prone to a height difference, which can lead to unstable flow of the molten pool in the root pass, resulting in defects such as undercut or lack of fusion.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a thick plate root pass welding device that can adapt to changes in bevel size and misalignment of plate surfaces, so as to improve the consistency and reliability of the root pass weld formation, provide a high-quality foundation for subsequent welding, and ultimately ensure the overall performance of the thick plate splice joint. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems in the background art, this invention discloses an adaptive flat plate splicing and root pass welding device.

[0008] This invention provides an adaptive flat plate splicing and root pass welding device for connecting and fixing two coplanar steel plates by welding, comprising: The sliding plate can move in a straight line along the welding direction of the steel plate; A fixing block is used to fix the welding gun and make the welding end of the welding gun perpendicular to the steel plate; The guide block is installed at the welding end of the welding gun; the guide block is tapered, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with its tapered surface abutting against the upper edge of the bevel and making point contact with the upper edge. Connecting rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixed block in the horizontal direction; The support is vertically mounted on the skateboard; the support has a slot extending vertically; the two ends of the connecting rod are inserted into the slot, thereby restricting the direction of movement of the connecting rod relative to the skateboard. The connecting rod and the support are connected by a spring. The guide block can rise and fall under the action of the axial deformation of the spring, and can swing in the direction perpendicular to the movement of the slide plate under the action of the radial deformation of the spring. The slide plate is also equipped with a grinding head located in front of the welding torch. The grinding head is driven to rotate by a drive motor and is used to grind the part of the steel plate with a bevel smaller than the set size.

[0009] Furthermore, the slot is rectangular; The end of the connecting rod is square; the horizontal side of the connecting rod fits against the groove wall of the slot.

[0010] Furthermore, the springs are arranged vertically, with two located on the upper and lower sides of the connecting rod respectively; one end of the spring is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the support; the spring portion is located in the slot, and the part of the spring located in the slot is suspended.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper and lower ends of the support column are provided with threaded holes that extend vertically and communicate with the slot; A screw is connected to the internal thread of the threaded hole; The screw insertion depth is adjustable; The other end of the spring is connected to a screw.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner end of the screw is provided with a protruding, reduced-diameter first connecting post; The upper and lower sides of the end of the connecting rod are provided with protruding second connecting posts; The two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the first connecting post and the second connecting post; There is always a gap between the first and second connecting columns.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a base plate disposed on the upper surface of the steel plate; Linear guide rails are mounted on the base plate; The slide plate is mounted on the slider of the linear guide rail.

[0014] Furthermore, a magnet is provided on the lower end face of the base plate, which is then attached to the steel plate.

[0015] Furthermore, both ends of the base plate and the linear guide rail extend beyond the steel plate, with the extended length configured such that the guide block can move to the outside of the steel plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the base plate has threaded feet at both ends, which rest against the ground.

[0017] Furthermore, the skateboard is equipped with angled handles for pushing the skateboard by hand.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. By setting a guide block with a conical structure to form point contact with the edge of the bevel, and cooperating with an elastic connection system consisting of a connecting rod, support, and spring, the welding torch can adjust its spatial position in real time according to the geometric changes of the bevel edge during welding. When there is a height difference between the two steel plates or the splicing edges are misaligned, the guide block can swing slightly under the radial deformation of the spring, causing the welding torch to automatically track the center line of the bevel. When the bevel angle is too large, the guide block can sink slightly under the axial deformation of the spring, matching the amount of filling metal with the bevel width. When the bevel angle is too small, the grinding head grinds the bevel, increasing the bevel angle to the set angle. The above settings effectively avoid defects such as incomplete fusion and undercut caused by bevel differences, ensuring that the root pass is centered and has uniform penetration.

[0019] 2. The guide block slides along the upper edge of the bevel as a real-time tracking reference, ensuring that the welding torch path is always aligned with the actual bevel center. Even if the bevel angle is too large or too small, the weld filling position can still be guaranteed to be accurate, reducing the need for manual adjustment and enhancing the continuous stability of the welding process.

[0020] 3. The guide block maintains line contact with the upper edge of the bevel with its conical surface, continuously guiding the welding torch to move stably along the bevel trajectory during the welding process. Combined with the self-adjusting capability of the welding torch, it ensures that the weld pool of the root pass is evenly distributed and well formed, providing a high-quality base weld for subsequent multi-layer and multi-pass welding.

[0021] 4. The main goal of the root pass welding is to achieve complete penetration, that is, the weld metal fully melts the root of the base metal to form a continuous, defect-free weld bead. When the welding torch is perpendicular to the joint, the arc energy is concentrated on the centerline of the weld, which is conducive to the direct transfer of heat to the root of the bevel, increasing the penetration depth and avoiding defects such as incomplete penetration or insufficient penetration depth. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the left view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the right view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hidden parts of the present invention; Figure 5 It is relative to Figure 4 Top view; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Sectional view of AA; In the diagram: 1. Steel plate; 2. Slide plate; 3. Fixing block; 4. Welding gun; 5. Guide block; 6. Connecting rod; 7. Support column; 8. Spring; 9. Grinding head; 10. Drive motor; 11. Screw; 12. Base plate; 13. Linear guide rail; 14. Support leg; 15. Handle; 16. Welding machine; 21. Through hole; 101. Bevel; 61. Second connecting column; 71. Slot; 72. Threaded hole; 73. Mounting plate; 111. First connecting column; 121. Extension plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0025] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this invention discloses an adaptive flat plate splicing and root pass welding device for connecting and fixing two coplanar carbon steel plates 1 by welding. Due to the large size of the steel plates 1, the welding device cannot clearly display their structure; therefore, only a portion of the steel plates 1 is shown. The device includes two base plates 12 symmetrically arranged relative to the seam of the steel plates 1. Linear guide rails 13 are mounted on the base plates 12, with the rails flush with both ends of the base plates 12. The length of both the base plates 12 and the linear guide rails 13 extends along the weld direction and is parallel to the weld. A magnet is provided at the lower end of the base plates 12 to facilitate their assembly and disassembly.

[0026] The upper end of the slider is fixedly mounted with a slide plate 2. Each side of the slide plate 2 is connected to three sliders, which are located at both ends of the sliding plate 2 in the direction of movement and in the middle of the slide plate 2.

[0027] A drive motor 10 is mounted on the upper front end of the slide plate 2. Its drive end passes downwards through the slide plate 2 and is fixedly mounted with a conical grinding head 9. The included angle of the conical surface of the grinding head 9 is consistent with the set bevel angle 101. When the bevel angle 101 is less than the set angle, the grinding head 9 grinds the bevel 101 to widen the bevel angle. The front slider effectively supports the drive motor 10.

[0028] A welding machine 16 is mounted on the upper rear side of the slide plate 2, with its welding torch 4 extending forward to the middle of the slide plate 2. The rear slider provides effective support for the welding machine 16.

[0029] The center of the slide plate 2 has a through hole 21 running through both the top and bottom. Two symmetrical, vertically arranged support columns 7 are installed on the side of the slide plate 2 near the through hole 21. A mounting plate 73 extends horizontally from the lower end of the support column 7. The mounting plate 73 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the slide plate 2, so that the lower end of the support column 7 is suspended and higher than the slide plate 2.

[0030] A rectangular slot 71 extending through both sides is provided at the center of the support column 7. Vertically extending threaded holes 72 communicating with the slot 71 are provided at the top and bottom ends of the support column 7. Screws 11 are threaded into each threaded hole 72. The screws 11 are headless screws 11, allowing adjustment to any position within the threaded hole 72.

[0031] A fixing block 3 is provided at the center of the through hole 21 to fix the welding torch 4, and to make the welding end of the welding torch 4 perpendicular to the steel plate 1. The main goal of the root pass welding is to achieve complete penetration, that is, the weld metal fully melts the root of the base metal to form a continuous, defect-free weld bead. When the welding torch 4 is perpendicular to the joint, the arc energy is concentrated on the center line of the weld, which is conducive to the direct transfer of heat to the root of the bevel 101, increasing the penetration depth and avoiding defects such as incomplete penetration or insufficient penetration depth.

[0032] The fixed block 3 is connected to horizontally extending connecting rods 6 on both sides. The ends of the connecting rods 6 are cut into squares and inserted into the slots 71. The front and rear sides of the ends of the connecting rods 6 are in contact with the groove wall of the slot 71, so that the connecting rods 6 are restricted by the slot 71 and cannot move in the sliding direction of the slide plate 2 relative to the column, but can move up and down and swing vertically.

[0033] To improve the stability of the connecting rod 6 during lifting, swinging, and resetting, such as Figure 6 As shown, the upper and lower sides of the end of the connecting rod 6 are provided with protruding second connecting posts 61, and the inner end of the screw 11 is provided with a protruding, reduced-diameter first connecting post 111; the two ends of the spring 8 are respectively sleeved on the first connecting post 111 and the second connecting post 61. Moreover, there is always a gap between the first connecting post 111 and the second connecting post 61, so that the spring 8 is suspended in a part of the slot 71 and does not contact any object. This arrangement not only allows the spring 8 to perform axial extension and contraction, but also radial torsional deformation.

[0034] By turning the screw 11, the elastic force of the spring 8 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the structural stability of the welding torch 4, so that the movement of the slide plate 2 and the vibration generated by the drive motor 10 will not affect the position of the welding torch 4, and the welding torch 4 can be raised and lowered and swung stably.

[0035] The base of the square portion at the end of the connecting rod 6 is spaced with the inner side of the support column 7, which provides space for the connecting rod 6 to swing.

[0036] The welding end of the welding torch 4 is equipped with a guide block 5. The guide block 5 is tapered, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with its tapered surface abutting against the two upper edges of the bevel 101 and always in point contact with the upper edges under the action of gravity. When the angle of the bevel 101 is too large, the guide block 5 will descend slightly under the action of the spring 8; when there is a height difference between the steel plates 1, the guide block 5 will contact the higher upper edge and disengage from the lower upper edge; at this time, under the eccentric action of the guide block 5, it will tilt towards the lower upper edge until it abuts against the lower upper edge.

[0037] To ensure that the welding torch 4 can complete the welding, the starting position of the welding needs to be set on the outside of the steel plate 1. Therefore, both ends of the base plate 12 and the linear guide rail 13 extend beyond the steel plate 1, and the extension length is configured so that the guide block 5 can move to the outside of the steel plate 1.

[0038] The portion of the base plate 12 that extends beyond the steel plate 1 is suspended and easily bends downwards. Therefore, both ends of the base plate 12 are threadedly connected to support legs 14, which abut against the ground or other supporting components. Furthermore, the threaded connection of the support legs 14 allows for height adjustment, making this embodiment suitable for welding steel plates 1 of different thicknesses.

[0039] To avoid interference between the support leg 14 and the slide rail in terms of installation space, extension plates 121 extend from the ends of the base plate 12 in the width direction, and the support leg 14 is installed on the extension plates 121.

[0040] Since the steel plates 1 are of different lengths, the base plate 12 and the slide rail can be set as multiple spliced ​​pieces.

[0041] A handle 15 extending diagonally upwards is also installed on the rear side of the skateboard 2 for a person to grip and push the skateboard 2. In other embodiments, a motor can also be installed on the skateboard 2, with a gear installed on the drive end of the motor, and a rack with meshing gears installed on the base plate 12, so that the skateboard 2 can be driven to move automatically by the motor.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this embodiment are: 1. By setting a guide block 5 with a conical structure to form a point contact with the upper edge of the bevel 101, and cooperating with the elastic connection system composed of the connecting rod 6, the support 7 and the spring 8, the welding torch 4 can adjust its spatial position in real time according to the geometric changes of the edge of the bevel 101 during the welding process. When there is a height difference between the two steel plates 1 or the splicing edges are misaligned, the guide block 5 can swing slightly under the radial deformation of the spring 8, driving the welding torch 4 to automatically track the center line of the bevel 101; when the angle of the bevel 101 is too large, the guide block 5 can sink slightly under the axial deformation of the spring 8, and the amount of filling metal matches the width of the bevel 101; when the angle of the bevel 101 is too small, the grinding head 9 grinds the bevel 101, so that the angle of the bevel 101 increases to the set angle; the above settings effectively avoid defects such as incomplete fusion and undercut caused by the difference of the bevel 101, and ensure that the root weld bead is centered and uniform in penetration depth. 2. The guide block 5 slides along the upper edge of the bevel 101, serving as a real-time tracking reference to ensure that the welding torch 4 path is always aligned with the actual center of the bevel 101. Even if the bevel 101 angle is too large or too small, it can still ensure accurate weld filling position, reduce the need for manual adjustment, and enhance the continuous stability of the welding process. 3. The guide block 5 maintains line contact with the upper edge of the bevel 101 with its conical surface, continuously guiding the welding torch 4 to move stably along the trajectory of the bevel 101 during the welding process. Combined with the self-adjusting capability of the welding torch 4, it ensures that the weld pool of the root pass is evenly distributed and well formed, providing a high-quality foundation weld for subsequent multi-layer and multi-pass welding.

[0043] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adaptive flat plate splicing and root pass welding device for connecting and fixing two coplanar steel plates (1) by welding, characterized in that, include: The sliding plate (2) can move linearly along the welding direction of the steel plate (1); A fixing block (3) is used to fix the welding gun (4) and make the welding end of the welding gun (4) perpendicular to the steel plate (1); Guide block (5) is installed at the welding end of the welding gun (4); the guide block (5) is a cone shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and its cone surface abuts against the upper edge of the bevel (101) and makes point contact with the upper edge; Connecting rods (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fixing block (3) in the horizontal direction; A support column (7) is vertically mounted on the slide plate (2); the support column (7) is provided with a vertically extending slot (71); the two ends of the connecting rod (6) are inserted into the slot (71), thereby restricting the movement direction of the connecting rod (6) on the slide plate (2); The connecting rod (6) and the support column (7) are connected by a spring (8); The guide block (5) can rise and fall under the action of the axial deformation of the spring (8), and can swing in the direction of movement perpendicular to the sliding plate (2) under the action of the radial deformation of the spring (8). The slide plate (2) is also equipped with a grinding head (9) located in front of the welding gun (4). The grinding head (9) is driven to rotate by a drive motor (10) and is used to grind the part of the steel plate (1) whose bevel is smaller than the set size. The springs (8) are arranged vertically, with two located on the upper and lower sides of the connecting rod (6); one end of the spring (8) is connected to the connecting rod (6), and the other end is connected to the support column (7); part of the spring (8) is located in the slot (71), and part of the spring (8) in the slot (71) is suspended.

2. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot (71) is rectangular; The end of the connecting rod (6) is square; the horizontal side of the connecting rod (6) fits against the groove wall of the slot (71).

3. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the support column (7) are provided with threaded holes (72) that extend vertically and communicate with the slot (71). The threaded hole (72) is internally threaded with a screw (11). The insertion depth of the screw (11) is adjustable; The other end of the spring (8) is connected to the screw (11).

4. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner end of the screw (11) is provided with a protruding, reduced diameter first connecting post (111). The upper and lower sides of the end of the connecting rod (6) are provided with protruding second connecting posts (61). The two ends of the spring (8) are respectively connected to the first connecting post (111) and the second connecting post (61). There is always a gap between the first connecting column (111) and the second connecting column (61).

5. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a base plate (12) disposed on the upper end face of the steel plate (1); A linear guide rail (13) is installed on the base plate (12); The slide plate (2) is mounted on the slider of the linear guide rail (13).

6. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the base plate (12) is provided with a magnet, which is attracted to the steel plate (1).

7. The adaptive flat panel splicing root pass welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the base plate (12) and the linear guide rail (13) extend beyond the steel plate, and the extension length is configured such that the guide block (5) can be moved to the outside of the steel plate (1).

8. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base plate (12) is threaded to both ends with support feet (14), which abut against the ground.

9. The adaptive flat plate splicing root pass welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The skateboard (2) is equipped with an inclined handle (15) for pushing the skateboard (2) by hand.

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