Safety limiting mechanism for numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The application provides a safety limiting mechanism for a numerical control machine tool and relates to the technical field of numerical control equipment. The installation back plate is provided with two convex strips on one side, an installation groove is arranged between the two convex strips, an optical grating ruler is arranged in the installation groove, a baffle is fixedly installed on one side of the installation back plate, an adjusting assembly is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the baffle, the output part of the adjusting assembly is provided with a flexible positioning assembly and a distance measuring sensor which are installed side by side, a sliding frame is slidably connected to the lower part of the baffle, a guide block is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding frame, and a sliding block one is slidably connected to the guide block. The connecting plate installed on the drag plate drives the connected taper head to move, the distance measuring sensor measures the distance during the rapid movement, the movement speed of the drag plate is conveniently adjusted, the elastic cover is used for increasing resistance and reducing speed before the taper head hits the push-pull plate, and the protection of the taper head and the installation plate is realized, and the safety is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC equipment technology, specifically a safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] A CNC machine tool is a type of automated machine tool equipped with a program control system. This control system logically processes programs with control codes or other symbolic instructions, decodes them, represents them with coded numbers, and inputs them into the CNC device via an information carrier. After processing, the CNC device sends various control signals to control the machine tool's movements, automatically machining parts according to the shape and dimensions required by the drawings.

[0003] Among them, the lead screw drive pair is a general moving structure of CNC machine tools. It usually uses a stop block mounted on the slide plate in conjunction with a limit switch for structural safety limit. However, the cooperation between the stop block and the limit switch depends on the sensitivity of the limit switch. Therefore, at high moving speeds, the cooperation between the stop block and the limit switch can easily cause damage to the limit switch, thus affecting the result of safety limit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools, which solves the problem that existing technologies require low-speed movement for safety limit operation using a stop block and a limit switch.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools, comprising a mounting back plate, one side of which includes two protrusions, and a mounting groove is provided between the two protrusions. A grating ruler is provided in the mounting groove. A cover is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting back plate, and an adjustment component is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the cover. The adjustment component includes an output section in which a flexible positioning component and a distance measuring sensor are mounted side by side. The lower part of the cover is slidably connected to a sliding frame, and the lower end of the sliding frame is fixedly connected to a guide block. A slider is slidably connected to the guide block. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slider on the side away from the mounting back plate, and an adjustment knob is rotatably connected to the other side of the slider. The adjustment knob is threadedly connected to the sliding frame. A clip is fixed on the sliding frame. The clip is used to clip the moving part of the grating ruler. A cone head that cooperates with the flexible positioning component is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame facing the flexible positioning component.

[0006] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a second slider and a screw. Two support seats are fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper part of the cover. The two ends of the screw are rotatably connected to the support seats respectively. The second slider is threadedly connected to the screw.

[0007] Preferably, a guide bar is fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper part of the cover, the second slider is slidably engaged with the guide bar, and a mounting plate is fixedly installed on the side of the second slider away from the mounting back plate. The flexible positioning component and the ranging sensor are both fixedly installed on the side of the mounting plate facing the sliding frame.

[0008] Preferably, the flexible positioning component includes a mounting shell and an elastic cover. The elastic cover is hollow and saddle-shaped. The mounting shell has a through hole on its side wall away from the mounting plate. The elastic cover, the through hole, and the cone head are arranged coaxially.

[0009] Preferably, a push-pull plate is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic cover away from the through hole, and the push-pull plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell and has an adjustment knob fixed on the side away from the elastic cover.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the elastic cover away from the mounting plate is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting shell facing the mounting plate, and a guide cover with an outwardly flared inner wall is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting shell facing the sliding frame. The guide cover and the elastic cover are arranged coaxially, and both the guide cover and the elastic cover are made of rubber.

[0011] Preferably, the two protrusions are provided with side grooves on opposite sides, and bolts are provided in the side grooves to pressurize and install the grating ruler.

[0012] Preferably, the grating ruler includes a scale grating and a grating reading head, the scale grating being installed in a mounting groove and the grating reading head being snapped into the inner side of a card holder.

[0013] (III) Beneficial Effects This invention provides a safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools. It has the following advantages: 1. In this invention, the connecting plate installed on the slide drives the connected cone head to move. During rapid movement, the distance is measured by the distance sensor, which makes it easy to adjust the moving speed of the slide. Before the cone head hits the push-pull plate, the elastic cover increases resistance and slows down the movement, which not only protects the cone head and the mounting plate, but also makes it safer.

[0014] 2. In this invention, through the structural design of the guide cover, the lead screw of the CNC machine tool can still make contact between the cone head and the push-pull plate even after bending downward by less than 0.5mm, thereby cooperating with the distance measuring sensor to complete the control and safety limit of the slide movement. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the baffle is removed; Figure 5 For the present invention in Figure 4 The image at point A is an enlarged view; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention at the push-pull plate; Figure 7 For the present invention in Figure 6 Longitudinal sectional view of the middle structure; Figure 8 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the present invention.

[0016] The components are as follows: 1. Mounting backplate; 2. Support base; 3. Mounting slot; 4. Adjustment knob one; 5. Guide block; 6. Slider one; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Cover; 9. Sliding frame; 10. Adjustment head; 11. Slider two; 12. Side slot; 13. Screw; 14. Scale grating; 15. Grating reading head; 16. Card holder; 17. Distance sensor; 18. Guide cover; 19. Mounting shell; 20. Mounting plate; 21. Adjustment knob two; 22. Elastic cover; 23. Push-pull plate; 24. Cone head. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure shown in this embodiment of the invention provides a safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools, including a mounting back plate 1. One side of the mounting back plate 1 includes two protruding strips. The mounting back plate 1 has mounting holes at its four corners. The mounting back plate 1 is mounted on the side wall of the CNC lathe on the side of the lead screw using screws passing through the mounting holes. A mounting groove 3 is formed between the two protruding strips, and a linear scale is installed in the mounting groove 3. Side grooves 12 are formed on the sides of the two protruding strips that are furthest from each other. See the attached reference for details. Figure 3 , Figure 4The structure shown has bolts installed in the side grooves 12 to pressurize and install the grating ruler. The grating ruler includes a scale grating 14 and a grating reading head 15. The scale grating 14 is installed in the mounting groove 3. The mounting back plate 1 has threaded holes on the side wall between the side grooves 12 and the mounting groove 3. The bolts pass through the threaded holes to press the scale grating 14 of the grating ruler. A positioning groove can be provided on the side of the scale grating 14 corresponding to the bolt. After the bolt is screwed into the positioning groove, the scale grating 14 is pressed. A cover 8 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting back plate 1. The two ends of the upper protrusion of the mounting back plate 1 are provided with slots. The two ends of the cover 8 include upright plates that are inserted into the slots. The upright plates and the slots are fixedly connected by hexagonal bolts. The longitudinal section of the cover 8 is L-shaped. Specifically, the horizontal part of the L-shape is located at the top, and the vertical part is arranged parallel to the mounting back plate 1. A guide groove is provided at the lower end of the vertical part of the cover 8, while the horizontal part of the cover 8 is above the upper protrusion, blocking the side groove 12 located at the top to prevent workshop dust, lubricating oil and other dirt from entering. For details, please refer to the following: Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the structure, an adjustment assembly is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the baffle 8. The adjustment assembly includes a flexible positioning component and a ranging sensor 17 mounted side by side on the output part. Specifically, the adjustment assembly includes a slider 11 and a screw 13. Two support seats 2 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the upper part of the baffle 8. A guide bar is fixedly connected to the inner side of the horizontal part of the upper part of the baffle 8. The slider 11 slides with the guide bar. The guide bar is located between the two support seats 2. The two ends of the screw 13 are rotatably connected to the support seats 2 respectively. An adjustment head 10 is rotatably installed on one side of the support seat 2. The part of the adjustment head 10 inside the support seat 2 is fixedly connected to the screw 13. A rubber sleeve is provided in the support seat 2 at the connection between the screw 13 and the adjustment head 10, so as to increase the resistance to the rotation of the screw 13 and the adjustment head 10. The slider 11 is threadedly connected to the screw 13. In the above, the position of the slider 11 on the screw 13 is adjusted by rotating the screw 13. During the process, the slider 11 slides along the guide bar. A sliding frame 9 is slidably connected to the lower part of the cover 8. The sliding frame 9 is attached to the vertical portion of the cover 8 and supported by a guide groove. A guide block 5 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the sliding frame 9. A slider 6 is slidably connected to the guide block 5. A connecting plate 7 is fixedly connected to the slider 6 on the side away from the mounting back plate 1, and an adjusting knob 4 is rotatably connected to the other side of the slider 6. The adjusting knob 4 is threadedly connected to the sliding frame 9. By rotating the adjusting knob 4, the slider 6 can slide along the guide block 5, thereby changing the distance between the connecting plate 7 and the mounting back plate 1. The connecting plate 7 is installed on the side of the slide (worktable or tool post) corresponding to the nut of the CNC lathe's lead screw connection. This allows the connecting plate 7 to move as the CNC lathe's lead screw drives the slide, which in turn moves the slider 6, pushing the guide block 5 to make the sliding frame 9 slide along the cover 8. A clamp 16 is fixed on the sliding frame 9, and the grating reading head 15 is clamped inside the clamp 16. The clamp 16 is used to clamp the moving part of the grating ruler. A cone head 24 that mates with the flexible positioning component is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame 9 facing the flexible positioning component. (See details for further information.) Figure 8 The structure shown.

[0019] The second slider 11 is fixedly mounted with a mounting plate 20 on the side away from the mounting back plate 1. The flexible positioning component and the distance sensor 17 are both fixedly mounted on the side of the mounting plate 20 facing the sliding frame 9. During the movement of the second slider 11 driven by the screw 13, the flexible positioning component and the distance sensor 17 are moved through the mounting plate 20. During the process, the distance sensor 17 measures the distance of the sliding frame 9 in real time. The distance sensor 17 can be a laser distance sensor. Specifically, the sliding frame 9 and the distance sensor 17 are directly opposite each other. The flexible positioning component includes a mounting shell 19 and an elastic cover 22. The elastic cover 22 is hollow and saddle-shaped. The side wall of the mounting shell 19 away from the mounting plate 20 is provided with a through hole. The elastic cover 22, the through hole and the cone head 24 are arranged coaxially. The elastic cover 22 is made of rubber. During the movement of the sliding frame 9, the cone head 24 extends into the through hole and decelerates inside the elastic cover 22 before impacting the push-pull plate 23.

[0020] A push-pull plate 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic cover 22 away from the through hole. The push-pull plate 23 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell 19 and an adjustment knob 21 is fixed on the side away from the elastic cover 22. In the above, by adjusting the adjustment knob 21, the distance between the push-pull plate 23 and the mounting plate 20 can be changed, thereby changing the compression state of the elastic cover 22. In this way, the resistance of the middle part of the elastic cover 22 to the cone head 24 will increase.

[0021] Both the grating ruler and the distance sensor 17 are connected to the peripheral controller, so the values ​​of the grating ruler and the distance sensor 17 can be obtained from the controller. By adjusting the distance between the push-pull plate 23 and the mounting plate 20, the distance measured by the distance sensor 17 to the sliding frame 9 can be used as the preset value after the cone head 24 presses against the push-pull plate 23, so that the distance test value displayed by the controller is zero. The feed speed of the CNC machine tool can be controlled by the controller.

[0022] Example 2: Based on Embodiment 1, the end of the elastic cover 22 away from the mounting plate 20 is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting shell 19 facing the mounting plate 20. The side of the mounting shell 19 facing the sliding frame 9 is fixedly connected to a guide cover 18 with an outward flared inner wall. The guide cover 18 and the elastic cover 22 are arranged coaxially. Both the guide cover 18 and the elastic cover 22 are made of rubber. The guide cover 18 facilitates the entry of the cone head 24 and its passage through the through hole. Even after the lead screw of the CNC lathe undergoes a downward bending deformation of less than 0.5mm, it can still normally extend into the through hole and impact the push-pull plate 23.

[0023] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety limit mechanism for a CNC machine tool, comprising a mounting back plate (1), wherein one side of the mounting back plate (1) includes two protruding strips, and a mounting groove (3) is provided between the two protruding strips, characterized in that: A grating ruler is provided in the mounting slot (3), and a cover (8) is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting back plate (1). An adjustment component is provided on the upper inner side of the cover (8), and the output part of the adjustment component includes a flexible positioning component and a distance sensor (17) installed side by side. The lower part of the cover (8) is slidably connected to a sliding frame (9), and the lower end of the sliding frame (9) is fixedly connected to a guide block (5). A slider (6) is slidably connected to the guide block (5). A connecting plate (7) is fixedly connected to the slider (6) on the side away from the mounting back plate (1), and an adjustment knob (4) is rotatably connected to the other side of the slider (6). The adjustment knob (4) is threadedly connected to the sliding frame (9). A clip (16) is fixed on the sliding frame (9). The clip (16) is used to clip the moving part included in the grating ruler. A cone (24) that cooperates with the flexible positioning component is fixedly connected to the side of the sliding frame (9) facing the flexible positioning component. The adjustment assembly includes a second slider (11) and a screw (13). Two support seats (2) are fixedly connected to the upper inner side of the cover (8). The two ends of the screw (13) are rotatably connected to the support seats (2). The second slider (11) is threadedly connected to the screw (13). A guide bar is fixedly connected to the upper inner side of the cover (8). The second slider (11) slides with the guide bar. A mounting plate (20) is fixedly installed on the side of the second slider (11) away from the mounting back plate (1). The flexible positioning assembly and the ranging sensor (17) are both fixedly installed on the side of the mounting plate (20) facing the sliding frame (9). The flexible positioning assembly includes a mounting shell (19) and an elastic cover (22). The elastic cover (22) is a hollow saddle shape. (19) A through hole is provided on the side wall away from the mounting plate (20). The elastic cover (22), the through hole and the cone (24) are arranged on the same axis. A push-pull plate (23) is fixedly connected to the side of the elastic cover (22) away from the through hole. The push-pull plate (23) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting shell (19) and an adjustment knob (21) is fixed on the side away from the elastic cover (22). The end of the elastic cover (22) away from the mounting plate (20) is fixed to the inner wall of the mounting shell (19) facing the mounting plate (20). A guide cover (18) with an outward flared inner wall is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting shell (19) facing the sliding frame (9). The guide cover (18) and the elastic cover (22) are arranged on the same axis. Both the guide cover (18) and the elastic cover (22) are made of rubber.

2. The safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two protrusions are provided with side grooves (12) on opposite sides, and bolts are provided in the side grooves (12) to pressurize and install the grating ruler.

3. A safety limit mechanism for CNC machine tools according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The grating ruler includes a scale grating (14) and a grating reading head (15). The scale grating (14) is installed in the mounting groove (3), and the grating reading head (15) is clipped to the inside of the card holder (16).

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