Self-lifting water pollution purification device for aquatic plants in still water lake

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used by aquatic plants, relating to the field of water environment protection technology. It includes: a water surface; multiple single rigid main floats, which are connected to airbags at their sides to form a combined main float. The entire device, in conjunction with an oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe and independent float assemblies, constructs a continuous and stable surface oxygen-enriched water supply channel, fundamentally overcoming the anaerobic bottleneck of root systems in still water environments. The design of the spiral guide rail assembly and counterweight provides stable submersion driving force and converts the descent potential energy into a strong pressure wave through the cooperation of the impact piston and piston chamber, creating effective hydraulic disturbance within the breathing chamber assembly. This achieves a perfect synergy between macroscopic movement and microscopic purification. Through a one-way valve assembly, precise addition and recycling of microbial agents are achieved, significantly improving pollutant degradation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water environment protection technology, specifically to a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used by aquatic plants. Background Technology

[0002] Lakes are the largest freshwater reservoirs on Earth.

[0003] Currently, using aquatic plants for ecological restoration is a mainstream method. However, in practical applications in still lakes, existing plant purification devices (such as fixed floating beds and simple lifting floating beds) face the following long-standing technical bottlenecks that have not been effectively resolved: Firstly, still water has poor reoxygenation capacity. Plant root respiration and the degradation of organic matter by the aerobic microbial film on their surface continuously consume oxygen, rapidly forming a localized anaerobic microenvironment around the roots. This results in poor purification efficiency, a sharp drop in the activity of aerobic microorganisms, and low purification efficiency. At the same time, the anaerobic environment can cause root rot and produce malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, leading to secondary pollution.

[0004] Secondly, traditional devices rely entirely on the extremely slow diffusion of water under natural conditions and the absorption by plants themselves, making the purification process passive, slow, and uncontrollable. They cannot proactively intervene or enhance the purification process based on changes in pollution load, and are particularly ineffective in dealing with sudden or high-load pollution events. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as poor reoxygenation capacity of still water bodies and passive, slow and uncontrollable purification process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used for aquatic plants, comprising: water surface; Multiple single rigid main floats, and the multiple single rigid main floats are combined into a combined main float by airbag connection ends connected to their side ends; A flexible airbag is installed at the bottom of a single rigid main buoy; The breathing chamber assembly extends downward from the single rigid main float. The breathing chamber assembly has a cone-shaped cavity that extends downward and has a plurality of holes on its side walls and bottom. A guide tube is connected to the side end of the cavity, and a connecting flange is installed at the top end of the guide tube. A microbial exchange chamber, wherein the microbial exchange chamber is in fluid communication with the top of the chamber via a one-way valve assembly; An oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe is provided, with one end connected to the top of a guide pipe and the other end extending and terminating in the surface water of the lake. The other end of the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe is provided with an independent float assembly to keep its inlet floating on the surface. The side wall of the single rigid main float is provided with a guide ring for guiding and constraining the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe. A helical guide rail assembly is installed at the bottom of a single rigid main float. The helical guide rail assembly has a helical guide rail and a counterweight block slidably connected to the helical guide rail. The PLC controller is used to coordinate the inflation and deflation of the flexible airbag and the raising and lowering of the counterweight.

[0007] Preferably, a floating table structure is installed above the single rigid main float. A modular planting basket is installed inside the floating table structure for holding aquatic plants. A connecting block is provided at the bottom of the modular planting basket. An electric waterproof guide rod is installed inside the floating table structure. The electric waterproof guide rod is electrically connected to a PLC controller and is used to apply a controllable electromagnetic force to the connecting block in the planting basket so that it is suspended in the floating table structure and its position is adjusted.

[0008] Preferably, the modular planting basket consists of a buoyancy adjustment ring disposed around the outer edge of the upper edge of the modular planting basket and a flexible root holding net disposed inside the modular planting basket. The buoyancy adjustment ring is used to provide inherent positive buoyancy for the modular planting basket, and the flexible root holding net is made of biodegradable material.

[0009] Preferably, a planting protection component is installed on the top of the single rigid main float. The planting protection component includes a connector that is fastened to the side of the modular planting basket. A connecting rod is connected to the side end of the connector, and a sliding vertical rod is connected to the bottom end of the connector. A sliding groove is provided on the slotted inner wall of the single rigid main float near the floating table structure to allow the sliding vertical rod to slide up and down.

[0010] Preferably, a rotating joint is installed on the top of the single rigid main float, a first rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating joint, a second rod is rotatably connected to the side end of the first rod, the side end of the second rod and the connecting rod are rotatably connected, and a light shield is fastened to the side end of the second rod.

[0011] Preferably, the independent float assembly includes a disc float, a lead center of gravity sleeve is installed at the bottom center end of the disc float, a spiral groove is opened on the outside of the lead center of gravity sleeve, and a leakage groove is evenly spaced on the surface of the disc float.

[0012] Preferably, a sliding strip is protruding on the surface of the spiral guide rail, the outside of the sliding strip is slidably connected to the counterweight, a steel wire rope is fastened to the side end of the counterweight, a rope limiting plate is installed on the top surface of the spiral guide rail, and a rope winding and releasing drive structure is wound around the side end of the steel wire rope.

[0013] Preferably, a jet buffer chamber is installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the spiral guide rail. The jet buffer chamber is a hollow sealed shell. The top of the jet buffer chamber is in fluid communication with the lower part of the breathing chamber assembly through a connecting guide frame. An impact piston is fixedly connected to the bottom of the counterweight. The impact piston and the piston chamber fixed inside the jet buffer chamber cooperate. Preferably, the side wall of the piston chamber has a water inlet hole and the top of the piston chamber has a jet hole. The jet direction of the jet hole is towards the inner top wall of the jet buffer chamber. When the counterweight falls, it drives the impact piston to press down rapidly in the piston chamber, and the water in the piston chamber is jetted at high speed from the jet hole to the top wall of the jet buffer chamber. The resulting impact pressure wave is transmitted to the bottom of the breathing chamber assembly through the water medium, thereby generating strong turbulence and water flow inside it.

[0014] Preferably, the one-way valve assembly is used to allow fluid in the microbial exchange chamber to flow into the chamber in one direction when the whole structure sinks, and to allow fluid in the chamber to flow into the microbial exchange chamber in one direction when the whole structure floats.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: In this invention, a continuous and stable surface oxygen-enriched water supply channel is constructed through an integrated device combined with an oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe and an independent float assembly, fundamentally overcoming the bottleneck of root anaerobic conditions in still water environments. The design of the spiral guide rail assembly and counterweight provides stable descent driving force and, through the cooperation of the impact piston and piston chamber, converts the descent potential energy into a strong pressure wave, creating effective hydraulic disturbance within the breathing chamber assembly, achieving a perfect synergy between macroscopic movement and microscopic purification. Secondly, the precise addition and recycling of microbial agents are achieved through a one-way valve assembly. During descent, the downward one-way valve automatically opens, allowing the functional agents in the microbial exchange chamber to fully mix with the oxygen-enriched water; during ascent, the upward one-way valve automatically opens, allowing water rich in root exudates to flow back into the exchange chamber, providing a high-quality carbon source for microbial reproduction, forming a synergistic purification system where plants and microorganisms mutually promote each other. This significantly improves the degradation efficiency of pollutants, especially the removal of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The modular planting basket design, combined with the precise control of the electric waterproof guide rod, optimizes the growth environment for aquatic plants. The buoyancy adjustment ring ensures the ideal suspension posture of the planting basket, while the biodegradable flexible root-holding net automatically transitions smoothly from holding to releasing as the plant grows. The plant protection components, through the coordinated operation of a multi-stage linkage mechanism, provide personalized light adjustment for aquatic plants with different light requirements, effectively preventing sunburn and excessive algae growth. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a single rigid main float in a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the single rigid main float in a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to the present invention. Figure 4 This invention relates to a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants. Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the breathing chamber component in a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the independent float assembly in a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide rail assembly in a self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants, according to the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 100, water surface; 200, aeration box; 300, bubble generator; 500, airbag connection end; 600, single rigid main float; 700, plant protection assembly; 701, second section rod; 702, light shield; 703, rotating joint; 704, first section rod; 705, connecting rod; 706, connector; 707, sliding vertical rod; 708, sliding groove; 800, aquatic plants; 900, flexible airbag; 110, spiral guide rail assembly; 111, spiral guide rail; 112, sliding edge strip; 113, rope retraction and release drive structure; 114, rope limiter. Plate; 115. Steel wire rope; 116. Counterweight; 120. Oxygen-enriched water drainage pipe; 130. Independent float assembly; 131. Disc float; 132. Lead center of gravity sleeve; 133. Spiral groove; 134. Leakage tank; 140. Breathing chamber assembly; 141. Chamber; 142. Hole; 143. Guide tube; 150. Microbial exchange chamber; 160. Electric waterproof guide rod; 170. Connecting block; 180. Connecting flange; 190. Floating table structure; 210. Jet buffer chamber; 220. Piston chamber; 230. Water inlet; 240. Jet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as poor reoxygenation capacity in still water bodies, extremely slow diffusion under natural conditions, and the inability of plants to actively intervene and enhance the purification process in response to changes in pollution load, this invention aims to provide an intelligent, self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes using aquatic plants. This device can actively overcome the anaerobic bottleneck in still water, achieve synergistic effects between plants and microorganisms, and is easy to maintain. (Refer to...) Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The system includes: a water surface 100; multiple single rigid main floats 600, which are connected to each other via airbag connection ends 500 to form a combined main float; a flexible airbag 900 located at the bottom of each single rigid main float 600; a breathing chamber assembly 140 extending downward from each single rigid main float 600, the breathing chamber assembly 140 having a downwardly tapered cavity 141 with multiple holes 142 on its side walls and bottom, a guide pipe 143 connected to the side end of the cavity 141, and a connecting flange 180 installed at the top of the guide pipe 143; and a microbial exchange chamber 150, which is connected to the cavity 140 via a one-way valve assembly (composed of an upward one-way valve and a downward one-way valve). The top of 1 is in fluid communication; an oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120, one end of which is connected to the top of the guide pipe 143, and the other end extends and terminates in the surface water of the lake, and the other end of the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120 is provided with an independent float assembly 130 for keeping its inlet always floating on the surface; the side wall of the single rigid main float 600 is provided with a guide ring for guiding and constraining the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120; a spiral guide rail assembly 110 is provided at the bottom of the single rigid main float 600, the spiral guide rail assembly 110 has a spiral guide rail 111 and a counterweight 116 slidably connected to the spiral guide rail 111; a PLC controller is used to coordinate the inflation and deflation of the flexible airbag 900 and the raising and lowering of the counterweight 116. A floating table structure 190 is mounted above a single rigid main float 600. A modular planting basket is installed inside the floating table structure 190 to hold aquatic plants 800. A connecting block 170 is located at the bottom of the modular planting basket. An electric waterproof guide rod 160 is installed inside the floating table structure 190. The electric waterproof guide rod 160 is electrically connected to a PLC controller to apply a controllable electromagnetic force to the connecting block 170 in the planting basket, suspending it within the floating table structure 190 and allowing for positional adjustment. The modular planting basket consists of a buoyancy adjustment ring surrounding the upper edge of the basket and a flexible root-holding net inside the basket. The buoyancy adjustment ring provides inherent positive buoyancy to the modular planting basket. The flexible root-holding net is made of biodegradable material (such as polylactic acid (PLA), which is expected to completely degrade within 180-240 days in the planting water, effectively holding the plant roots during this period). Aquatic plants 800 are planted inside the modular planting basket. A sliding strip 112 is protruding on the surface of the spiral guide rail 111. The outside of the sliding strip 112 is slidably connected to the counterweight 116. A steel wire rope 115 is fastened to the side end of the counterweight 116. A rope limiting plate 114 is installed on the top surface of the spiral guide rail 111. A rope winding and releasing drive structure 113 is wound around the side end of the steel wire rope 115.A jet buffer chamber 210 is installed on the outer bottom of the spiral guide rail 111. The jet buffer chamber 210 is a hollow sealed shell. The top of the jet buffer chamber 210 is in fluid communication with the lower part of the breathing chamber assembly 140 through a connecting guide frame. An impact piston is fixedly connected to the bottom of the counterweight 116. The impact piston cooperates with the piston chamber 220 fixed inside the jet buffer chamber 210. The side wall of the piston chamber 220 has a water inlet hole 230 and the top has a jet hole 240. The jet direction of the jet hole 240 is towards the inner top wall of the jet buffer chamber 210. When the counterweight 116 falls, it drives the impact piston to press down rapidly in the piston chamber 220, which propels the water in the piston chamber 220 from the jet hole 240 at high speed towards the top wall of the jet buffer chamber 210. The resulting impact pressure wave is transmitted to the bottom of the breathing chamber assembly 140 through the water medium, thereby generating strong turbulence and water flow inside it. A one-way valve assembly allows fluid from the microbial exchange chamber 150 to flow unidirectionally into the chamber 141 when the entire system sinks, and allows fluid from the chamber 141 to flow unidirectionally into the microbial exchange chamber 150 when the entire system floats. An aeration box 200 is installed on the bottom water body of the water surface 100, and multiple sets of bubble generators 300 are installed on the top of the aeration box 200. The entire system is powered by photovoltaic operation (i.e., the PLC controller prioritizes the energy supply for the core purification cycle (lifting and diversion), while functions such as magnetic levitation adjustment and strong aeration are activated as enhancement modes when energy is sufficient). First, the entire system activates the sensors installed on the single rigid main float 600. These sensors include a dissolved oxygen sensor, a water quality monitoring sensor, a water level sensor, and a device attitude sensor. Simultaneously, the entire system monitors the energy storage status of the photovoltaic power generation system to ensure sufficient energy to support the operation of the device. During this period, the electric waterproof guide rod 160 applies a controllable electromagnetic force to adjust the position of the connecting block 170 in the modular planting basket, ensuring the aquatic plants 800 maintain optimal growth posture (i.e., the telescopic end of the electric waterproof guide rod 160 is hinged to the connecting block 170 at the bottom of the planting basket via a universal joint). By controlling the telescopic amount and electromagnetic force of the electric waterproof guide rod 160, an overturning moment can be applied to the modular planting basket, thereby achieving pitch and roll posture adjustment within the floating table structure 190 to adapt to wind and waves and optimize lighting. Next, when the water quality sensor detects that the pollutant concentration exceeds the standard or the dissolved oxygen content is below the set threshold, the device automatically initiates the sinking purification process. Specifically, the PLC controller controls the exhaust valve of the flexible airbag 900 to open slowly, simultaneously releasing the braking device of the counterweight 116. Under the action of gravity, the counterweight 116 falls smoothly along the spiral guide rail 111, maintaining stable movement through the guiding action of the sliding strip 112. During this process, the downward movement of the counterweight 116 lowers the center of gravity of the device, and works in conjunction with the exhaust of the flexible airbag 900 to provide a stable and reliable driving force for the device to descend.Subsequently, during the descent, several key purification mechanisms are activated simultaneously: First, the oxygen-enriched water diversion structure begins to operate, continuously drawing dissolved oxygen-rich surface water into the device through the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120 inlet maintained at the surface by the independent float assembly 130. This oxygen-enriched water enters the breathing chamber assembly 140 through the guide pipe 143, forming a downward water flow. As the entire device continues to descend, the oxygen-enriched water flow gradually washes over the plant root area. The disc float 131 of the independent float assembly 130 maintains a stable posture through the lead center of gravity sleeve 132, and the leakage groove 134 ensures that water does not accumulate when the water surface fluctuates. Second, when the counterweight 116 falls to the bottom, the impact piston completes the compression stroke of the piston chamber 220 (a conical cavity). Under high pressure, the water in the piston chamber 220 is ejected at high speed from the jet hole 240, violently impacting the top wall of the jet buffer chamber 210. The generated strong pressure wave is transmitted to the bottom of the breathing chamber assembly 140 through the connected water medium, forming intense turbulence and circulation inside the chamber 141. Third, as the device sinks deeper, the water pressure inside the chamber 141 continuously increases. When the pressure reaches a set threshold, the downward one-way valve below the microbial exchange chamber 150 automatically opens. Under the pressure difference, the pre-stored functional microbial agent in the microbial exchange chamber 150 is precisely injected into the chamber 141, fully mixing with the oxygen-rich water flowing downwards. Fourth, when the device sinks to a depth that submerges the aquatic plants 800, the bottom aeration box 200 automatically starts. Multiple bubble generators 300 generate a large number of microbubbles, forming an upward airflow that promotes vertical mixing of the bottom water. Next, the device enters the floating regeneration stage. The PLC controller controls the start of the inflation pump of the flexible airbag 900, while the rope retraction drive structure 113 begins to retrieve the counterweight 116 via the steel wire rope 115. The inflation process provides the main lift for the device, while the recovery of the counterweight 116 quickly raises the device's center of gravity. The combined effect of these two processes ensures the device floats smoothly and quickly. During the ascent, the internal pressure of the cavity 141 gradually decreases, creating a relatively negative pressure environment. At this point, the upward one-way valve automatically opens, and some of the pre-purified water rich in plant root secretions from the cavity 141 is drawn into the microbial exchange chamber 150. These secretions serve as a high-quality carbon source for microorganisms, promoting the reproduction and activation of functional bacteria. Finally, after the device completes a full cycle (like breathing), the PLC controller intelligently decides when to start the next cycle based on real-time monitored water quality data. Specifically, when the dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor detects a persistently low dissolved oxygen concentration in the water (e.g., 4.0 mg / L for 5 minutes), and the water quality monitoring sensor (e.g., the ammonia nitrogen sensor) shows an ammonia nitrogen concentration exceeding the threshold (e.g., 1.5 mg / L), the PLC controller determines that the purification start-up conditions are met and initiates the sinking start. After the entire device sinks to its maximum design depth (e.g., 3 meters from the water surface) and maintains purification operation for 15 minutes, it automatically triggers the buoyancy process.Alternatively, the device can initiate buoyancy once the attitude sensor detects that the counterweight 116 has reached the bottom of the spiral guide rail 111 and the flexible airbag 900 has been fully deflated. Similarly, when the photovoltaic system's energy storage is above 80% and dissolved oxygen is below 2.0 mg / L, the PLC controller activates the aeration box 200 at the bottom for strong aeration while initiating the sinking process. During this process, the plant protection component 700, through the coordinated action of the connector 706, connecting rod 705, and sliding vertical rod 707, and guided by the sliding groove 708, automatically adjusts the position of the shade cover 702 as the plants grow, providing suitable light conditions for the aquatic plants 800. The linkage mechanism consisting of rotating joint 703, first rod 704 and second rod 701 ensures that the sunshade 702 can be flexibly adjusted to achieve the best sunshade effect (that is, when the light sensor on the connector 706 detects that the light intensity exceeds 80,000 Lux (to prevent strong light burns), the sunshade operation is started, and when the light intensity is low (such as below 10,000 Lux), the sunshade is retracted). Furthermore, depending on the light exposure of different aquatic plants 800 (e.g., some are shade-loving while others are light-loving), and when the shade-loving aquatic plants 800 cannot withstand the light conditions of the light-loving aquatic plants 800, the electric waterproof guide rod 160 lowers the connecting block 170 in the modular planting basket by applying a controllable telescopic distance. At this time, the descent of the modular planting basket causes the sliding vertical rod 707 to slide along the inside of the sliding groove 708. When the sliding vertical rod 707 descends, it drives the connecting rod 705, the rotating joint 703, the first section rod 704, and the second section rod 701 to perform transmission operations, causing the light-shielding cover 702 to close at an angle like a flower, thus blocking high light. Conversely, the operation is carried out according to the above procedure. The whole system constructs a three-dimensional oxygenation system from the surface to the bottom through a triple oxygen supply mechanism of surface oxygen-enriched water diversion, hydraulic disturbance aeration, and bottom bubble aeration, which completely solves the problem of oxygen deficiency in still water environment and organically combines plant purification and microbial degradation. This system allows plants to provide a substrate for microorganisms, which in turn enhance the degradation and transformation of pollutants. Hydraulic disturbance promotes material exchange, creating a synergistic purification effect. In practical engineering applications, this device can be flexibly configured according to the pollution characteristics and treatment requirements of the target water area. No human intervention is required during operation; only periodic replenishment of microbial agents and harvesting of plants are necessary. The entire system effectively reduces key pollutant indicators in water bodies and significantly improves water transparency and sensory properties.

[0020] This involves the PLC controller continuously collecting data on dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, water level, device attitude, and photovoltaic energy storage status. It then determines whether the aforementioned sinking start conditions are met. If met, the PLC controller issues a command to open the exhaust solenoid valve of the flexible airbag 900. Simultaneously, the brake on the counterweight 116 is released, causing it to fall along the spiral guide rail 111. The sinking depth is monitored in real time until the predetermined depth is reached. As the counterweight 116 falls, it drives the impact piston, generating jet disturbance. During this process, oxygen-enriched water is continuously introduced into the surface oxygen-enriched water through the oxygen-enriched water inlet pipe 120. When the water pressure reaches a predetermined value (e.g., pressure at a water depth of 2 meters), the downward one-way valve opens, releasing a microbial agent (a composite agent composed of nitrifying bacteria (such as *Nitrosomonas* spp.) and denitrifying bacteria (such as *Denitratisoma* spp.)). An external timer is then activated, initiating a 15-minute purification cycle. At the end of the timer, the PLC controller activates the inflation pump of the flexible airbag 900 and instructs the rope retraction drive structure 113 to retrieve the counterweight 116. This causes the entire device to float, creating negative pressure within the cavity 141. The upward one-way valve opens, drawing some purified water into the microbial exchange chamber 150. This restores the device to its floating state. At this time, the PLC controller adjusts the planting basket's position via the electric waterproof guide rod 160 based on the light intensity and controls the adjustment of the light shield 702 via the plant protection component 700.

[0021] Preferably, in an aquatic plant purification system, the healthy growth of the plants directly affects the purification effect. However, the light intensity in the natural environment varies greatly; excessive light can cause plant scorching, while insufficient light can affect photosynthesis. Traditional fixed shading devices cannot adapt to the height changes and different light conditions required during plant growth. To further ensure the growth of the aquatic plants 800, the specific function of the plant protection component 700 is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a planting protection assembly 700 is installed on the top of the single rigid main float 600. The planting protection assembly 700 includes a connector 706 that is fastened to the side of the modular planting basket. A connecting rod 705 is connected to the side end of the connector 706, and a sliding vertical rod 707 is connected to the bottom end of the connector 706. A sliding groove 708 is provided on the slotted inner wall of the single rigid main float 600 near the floating table structure 190 to allow the sliding vertical rod 707 to slide up and down. A rotating joint 703 is installed on the top of the single rigid main float 600. A first section rod 704 is rotatably connected to the outside of the rotating joint 703. A second section rod 701 is rotatably connected to the side end of the first section rod 704. The side end of the second section rod 701 is rotatably connected to the side end of the connecting rod 705. A light shield 702 is fastened to the side end of the second section rod 701. Initially, during the initial operation phase of the device, the planting protection assembly 700 is in a standby state. The connector 706, through its secure connection to the modular planting basket, senses the plant's growth position in real time. The sliding vertical rod 707 maintains its initial position within the sliding groove 708. At this time, the light-shielding cover 702 is in an extended state via a multi-stage linkage mechanism consisting of the rotating joint 703, the first section rod 704, and the second section rod 701, preventing interference with the plant's normal light intake. Next, when the light sensor mounted on the connector 706 detects that the light intensity exceeds a set threshold, the PLC controller initiates the light-shielding program of the plant protection component 700. Driven by the modular planting basket, the connector 706 begins a smooth lifting and lowering motion guided by the sliding vertical rod 707 within the sliding groove 708. During this process, the movement of the sliding vertical rod 707 within the sliding groove 708 ensures the stability of the entire adjustment process, preventing the light-shielding cover 702 from shaking. Afterward, the multi-stage linkage mechanism begins to work collaboratively. The rotating joint 703, as the core rotation fulcrum, drives the first section rod 704 to adjust its angle. The rotation of the first section 704 is transmitted to the second section 701 via the connecting node. The second section 701, through its rotational connection with the connecting rod 705, transmits the motion, enabling the light-shielding cover 702 to adjust its angle. Next, the light-shielding cover 702 enters its working position based on real-time lighting conditions. Through precise control of the rotating joint 703, the combined movement of the first section 704 and the second section 701 allows the light-shielding cover 702 to precisely stop at any desired position. Once the light-shielding cover 702 reaches the predetermined position, the overall structure remains stable, ensuring no displacement even in windy or wave-like conditions. Then, the entire system enters a continuous monitoring and adjustment phase. As the aquatic plants 800 grow, the height of the modular planting basket, under the action of the electric waterproof guide rod 160, changes. The connector 706, through its secure connection to the planting basket, transmits this height change to the entire plant protection assembly 700 in real time. This causes the sliding vertical rod 707 to slide accordingly within the sliding groove 708, driving the multi-stage linkage mechanism (such as the aforementioned connecting rod 705, rotating joint 703, first section rod 704, and second section rod 701) to make adaptive adjustments, ensuring that the light shield 702 is always kept in the ideal position above the plant.Finally, when the light intensity decreases or needs to be increased, the PLC controller executes a reverse adjustment program. Rotary joint 703 drives the first rod 704 to rotate in the opposite direction, and through the transmission of the second rod 701 and connecting rod 705, the light-shielding cover 702 retracts smoothly. The entire retraction process is also guided by the sliding vertical rod 707 within the sliding groove 708 to ensure smoothness and avoid mechanical damage to the plants. This system ensures a perfect match between shading protection and plant growth. A light sensor monitors ambient light intensity in real time. When the light is too strong, the shading cover 702 automatically deploys to prevent scorching of the plants. When the light is suitable, it automatically retracts, ensuring the plants receive sufficient energy for photosynthesis. Under this light management structure, when the midday sun is directly overhead, the shading cover 702 automatically extends to its maximum angle, providing a uniform diffused light environment for the aquatic plants 800. In the soft light of the morning and evening, the shading cover 702 adjusts to a semi-open state, ensuring photosynthetic needs are met while preventing UV damage. In cloudy or rainy weather, the shading cover 702 retracts completely, ensuring the plants receive maximum natural light. This keeps the aquatic plants 800 in optimal growth condition, with lush green leaves and strong, well-developed root systems, significantly improving the overall treatment efficiency and lifespan of the purification system. Meanwhile, through precise light control, the excessive proliferation of algae on the plant surface is effectively prevented, maintaining the activity of the purification interface. In this technical solution, the plant protection component 700 can be disassembled or installed according to the actual situation.

[0022] Furthermore, in a still lake purification system, ensuring that the inlet of the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120 is always located at the lake surface is crucial. The surface water has the highest dissolved oxygen content, making it an ideal source for purification. However, traditional floats are prone to capsizing, rotating, or sinking under the influence of water surface fluctuations, wind direction changes, and water flow, causing the inlet of the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120 to detach from the oxygen-enriched water layer, severely affecting the purification effect. To solve this problem, based on... Figure 6As shown, the independent float assembly 130 includes a disc float 131, a lead center-of-gravity sleeve 132 mounted at the bottom center of the disc float 131, a spiral groove 133 on the outside of the lead center-of-gravity sleeve 132, and drainage grooves 134 evenly spaced on the surface of the disc float 131. First, when the device starts working, the independent float assembly 130 is deployed on the water surface 100. The disc float 131 floats naturally on the water surface 100 due to the buoyancy generated by its specific density and volume. The lead center-of-gravity sleeve 132, due to its large weight, automatically keeps the disc float 131 vertical under the action of gravity, ensuring that the waterline position of the disc float 131 remains stable. Next, in windy and wave conditions, when waves impact the disc float 131, the gravitational torque generated by the lead center-of-gravity sleeve 132 resists the overturning torque, quickly restoring the vertical state through a principle similar to a self-righting toy. Simultaneously, the equally spaced drainage channels 134 on the surface of the disc float 131 begin to function, allowing excess water from the waves to be quickly discharged from the surface of the disc float 131, effectively preventing the disc float 131 from drifting and rotating due to temporary submersion. Subsequently, under the action of water flow, the spiral channel 133 plays an important role in guiding flow and preventing entanglement. When suspended algae, aquatic plants, or other debris are present in the water, these substances, upon contact with the lead center of gravity sleeve 132, are guided to both sides along the trajectory of the spiral channel 133, preventing accumulation and entanglement at the bottom of the disc float 131. The spiral flow channel design also effectively disrupts the formation of eddies, reducing the float's tendency to rotate. Furthermore, under rainy weather conditions, the drainage channels 134 exhibit multiple functions. Rainwater falling onto the surface of the disc float 131 is quickly drained back into the lake through the drainage channels 134, preventing water accumulation on the float surface and altering its buoyancy characteristics. Simultaneously, these channels effectively disrupt the surface tension of the water surface 100, preventing the disc float 131 from being adsorbed onto the water surface 100 and ensuring its sensitivity to water level changes. Then, when the water level changes, the lead center of gravity sleeve 132 ensures the float floats smoothly when the water level rises and maintains a stable draft when the water level falls. This characteristic ensures that the inlet of the connected oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe 120 is always maintained within the optimal depth range, preventing exposure to air due to excessively high water levels and preventing the intake of oxygen-deficient water from the bottom layer due to excessively low water levels. Finally, during long-term operation, the smooth surface of the disc float 131, combined with the guiding effect of the leakage channel 134, makes it difficult for attached organisms to settle and grow on the surface of the disc float 131. Even if a small amount of attached organisms are present, they will be detached through the leakage channel 134 by the water flow and the micro-movements of the disc float 131 itself, maintaining the float's good hydrodynamic characteristics. The independent float assembly 130 is reliably connected to the oxygen-enriched water inlet pipe 120 via a connecting mechanism. The disc float 131 preferably has a diameter of 30-50 cm, is injection-molded from high-density polyethylene, and is internally filled with polyurethane foam to increase buoyancy and safety. The weight of the lead center of gravity sleeve 132 is configured according to the float size, typically accounting for 10%-15% of the overall buoyancy.The pitch of the spiral groove 133 has been optimized by hydrodynamics to ensure effective flow guidance within a common flow velocity range. The width and depth of the leakage groove 134 have been precisely calculated to achieve optimal drainage while ensuring structural strength. Furthermore, the independent float assembly 130 in this solution is not only suitable for the self-elevating purification device of this invention, but can also be widely used in other environmental protection equipment and hydrological monitoring instruments that require stable water surface buoys.

[0023] The wiring diagrams for the electric waterproof guide rod 160, dissolved oxygen sensor, water quality monitoring sensor, water level sensor, and device attitude sensor in this invention are common knowledge in the field. Their working principles are known technologies, and the appropriate models are selected according to actual use. Therefore, the control methods and wiring arrangements for the electric waterproof guide rod 160, dissolved oxygen sensor, water quality monitoring sensor, water level sensor, and device attitude sensor will not be explained in detail.

[0024] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes with aquatic plants, characterized in that, include: Water surface (100); Multiple single rigid main floats (600) are connected to each other via airbag connecting ends (500) at their sides to form a combined main float; Flexible airbags (900) are installed at the bottom of a single rigid main buoy (600). A breathing chamber assembly (140) extends downward from the single rigid main float (600). The breathing chamber assembly (140) has a cone-shaped downward cavity (141) and a plurality of holes (142) are provided on the side wall and bottom of the cavity (141). A guide tube (143) is connected to the side end of the cavity (141), and a connecting flange (180) is installed at the top end of the guide tube (143). Microbial exchange chamber (150), which is in fluid communication with the top of the chamber (141) via a one-way valve assembly; An oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe (120) is provided with one end connected to the top of a guide pipe (143) and the other end extending and terminating in the surface water of the lake. The other end of the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe (120) is provided with an independent float assembly (130) for keeping its inlet floating on the surface. The side wall of the single rigid main float (600) is provided with a guide ring for guiding and constraining the oxygen-enriched water diversion pipe (120). A spiral guide rail assembly (110) is provided at the bottom of the single rigid main float (600). The spiral guide rail assembly (110) has a spiral guide rail (111) and a counterweight (116) slidably connected to the spiral guide rail (111). A PLC controller is used to coordinate the inflation and deflation of the flexible airbag (900) and the raising and lowering of the counterweight (116); The spiral guide rail (111) has a protruding sliding strip (112) on its surface. The outside of the sliding strip (112) is slidably connected to the counterweight (116). The side end of the counterweight (116) is fastened with a wire rope (115). The top surface of the spiral guide rail (111) is provided with a rope limiting plate (114). The side end of the wire rope (115) is wound with a rope winding and releasing drive structure (113). The bottom of the spiral guide rail (111) is provided with a jet buffer chamber (210). The jet buffer chamber (210) is a hollow sealed shell. The top of the jet buffer chamber (210) is fluidly connected to the lower part of the breathing chamber assembly (140) through a connecting guide frame. The bottom of the counterweight (116) is fixedly connected with an impact piston. The impact piston cooperates with the piston chamber (220) fixed inside the jet buffer chamber (210).

2. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: A floating table structure (190) is installed above the single rigid main float (600). A modular planting basket is installed inside the floating table structure (190) for holding aquatic plants. A connecting block (170) is provided at the bottom of the modular planting basket. An electric waterproof guide rod (160) is installed inside the floating table structure (190). The electric waterproof guide rod (160) is electrically connected to the PLC controller. The telescopic end of the electric waterproof guide rod (160) is hinged to the connecting block (170) at the bottom of the planting basket through a universal joint.

3. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The modular planting basket consists of a buoyancy adjustment ring surrounding the upper edge of the modular planting basket and a flexible root holding net disposed inside the modular planting basket. The buoyancy adjustment ring is used to provide inherent positive buoyancy to the modular planting basket, and the flexible root holding net is made of biodegradable material.

4. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the single rigid main float (600) is provided with a plant protection component (700). The plant protection component (700) includes a connector (706) that is fastened to the side of the modular planting basket. The side end of the connector (706) is connected to a connecting rod (705). The bottom end of the connector (706) is connected to a sliding vertical rod (707). The slotted inner wall of the single rigid main float (600) near the floating table structure (190) is provided with a sliding groove (708) for the sliding vertical rod (707) to slide up and down.

5. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the single rigid main float (600) is provided with a rotating joint (703), the outside of which is rotatably connected to a first rod (704), the side end of which is rotatably connected to a second rod (701), the side end of which is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (705), and the side end of which is fastened to a light shield (702).

6. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The independent float assembly (130) includes a disc float (131), a lead center of gravity sleeve (132) is installed at the bottom center end of the disc float (131), a spiral groove (133) is opened on the outside of the lead center of gravity sleeve (132), and a leakage groove (134) is evenly spaced on the surface of the disc float (131).

7. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still water lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston chamber (220) has a water inlet hole (230) on its side wall and a jet hole (240) on its top. The jet hole (240) sprays towards the inner top wall of the jet buffer chamber (210). When the counterweight (116) falls, it drives the impact piston to press down rapidly in the piston chamber (220), which sprays the water in the piston chamber (220) from the jet hole (240) at high speed towards the top wall of the jet buffer chamber (210). The resulting impact pressure wave is transmitted to the bottom of the breathing chamber assembly (140) through the water medium, thereby generating strong turbulence and water flow inside it.

8. The self-lifting water pollution purification device for still lakes used for aquatic plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve assembly is used to allow fluid in the microbial exchange chamber (150) to flow into the chamber (141) in one direction when the whole body sinks, and to allow fluid in the chamber (141) to flow into the microbial exchange chamber (150) in one direction when the whole body floats.

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