Ship orc waste heat power generation system and ship

Abstract

The application provides a ship ORC waste heat power generation system and a ship. The ship ORC waste heat power generation system comprises a generator, a first evaporator, a second evaporator, a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve and a control device. The generator comprises a first impeller and a second impeller. The first evaporator is connected to the first impeller through a first pipeline and connected to the second impeller through a second pipeline, and the first evaporator is used to connect a high-temperature heat source of the ship. The second evaporator is used to connect a low-temperature heat source of the ship, and the second evaporator is connected to the first evaporator. The first regulating valve is arranged on the first pipeline. The second regulating valve is arranged on the second pipeline. The control device is electrically connected to the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve respectively, and the control device is configured to control the opening degree of the first regulating valve and the opening degree of the second regulating valve according to the current heat source type of the ship. The ship ORC waste heat power generation system according to the application has good power generation efficiency under different heat source types.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates generally to the technical field of ship waste heat power generation, and more specifically to a ship ORC waste heat power generation system and a ship. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global demand for energy conservation and emission reduction, the shipbuilding industry is also increasing its need for green technologies. Ships generate a significant amount of waste heat during operation, including low-grade heat sources such as cylinder liner water (80-95℃) and air cooler cooling water (50-60℃), as well as high-grade heat sources such as excess steam (150-160℃). Typically, this waste heat is lost through heat exchange in the central cooler without being utilized. Waste heat power generation technology based on the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a common method for utilizing waste heat.

[0003] In ORC waste heat power generation systems, the design of the expander impeller is affected by the heat source temperature. When the heat source temperature is high, the pressure before expansion is high; therefore, designing the impeller according to this expansion pressure will achieve optimal aerodynamic efficiency. Conversely, when the heat source temperature is low, the pressure before expansion decreases, and the impeller needs to be designed according to the low-pressure expansion pressure to achieve optimal aerodynamic efficiency. Compared to the marine environment, the heat source temperature in land-based power plants and steel mills is relatively stable, so there is no switching between high-temperature and low-temperature heat sources. However, ships are affected by factors such as the navigation area and season, and the supply of high-grade heat sources (such as steam) is usually unstable. Therefore, there is a need to switch between low-temperature and high-temperature heat sources, resulting in unstable pressure at the front end of the expander impeller and affecting power generation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The summary section introduces a series of simplified concepts, which will be further explained in detail in the detailed description section. This summary section is not intended to limit the key and essential technical features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to determine the scope of protection of the claimed technical solution.

[0005] To at least partially solve the above problems, a first aspect of this application provides a marine ORC waste heat power generation system, the marine ORC waste heat power generation system comprising:

[0006] A generator, comprising a first impeller and a second impeller, wherein the temperature range for which the first impeller is applicable to power generation is at least partially higher than the temperature range for which the second impeller is applicable to power generation.

[0007] The first evaporator is connected to the first impeller via a first pipe and to the second impeller via a second pipe. The first evaporator is used to connect to the high-temperature heat source of the ship.

[0008] A second evaporator is connected to a low-temperature heat source of the ship, and the second evaporator is connected to the first evaporator;

[0009] A first regulating valve is disposed in the first pipeline;

[0010] A second regulating valve, wherein the second regulating valve is disposed in the second pipeline; and

[0011] A control device is electrically connected to the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve, respectively, and the control device is configured to control the opening degree of the first regulating valve and the opening degree of the second regulating valve according to the current heat source type of the ship.

[0012] According to the marine ORC waste heat power generation system of the first aspect of this application, the control device adjusts the opening of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve according to the type of heat source of the ship, thereby adjusting the ratio of working fluid delivered to the first impeller and the second impeller respectively, so that the first impeller and the second impeller of the generator operate within the corresponding suitable power generation operating temperature range, thereby enabling the marine ORC waste heat power generation system to have good power generation efficiency under different heat source types.

[0013] Optionally, the shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system further includes a detection device, which includes a first sensing mechanism and a second sensing mechanism. The first sensing mechanism is disposed between the high-temperature heat source and the first evaporator, and the second sensing mechanism is disposed between the low-temperature heat source and the second evaporator. Both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism are electrically connected to the control device.

[0014] Optionally, the first sensing mechanism includes a first pressure sensor and a first flow meter. The first pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the medium delivered by the high-temperature heat source to the first evaporator, and the first flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the medium delivered by the high-temperature heat source to the first evaporator.

[0015] The second sensing mechanism includes a second pressure sensor and a second flow meter. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the medium delivered by the low-temperature heat source to the second evaporator, and the second flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the medium delivered by the low-temperature heat source to the second evaporator.

[0016] Optionally, the ship's ORC waste heat power generation system further includes a working fluid pump and a condenser, the condenser being connected to the first impeller and the second impeller, and the working fluid pump being connected to the condenser and the second evaporator respectively.

[0017] Optionally, the control device is configured as follows:

[0018] When the second sensing mechanism detects a medium while the first sensing mechanism does not detect a medium, the control device controls the second regulating valve to open;

[0019] When both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism detect the medium, the control device controls the first regulating valve to open.

[0020] Optionally, the control device is configured such that when the second sensing mechanism detects a medium while the first sensing mechanism does not detect a medium, the control device controls the opening degree of the second regulating valve to be greater than the opening degree of the first regulating valve.

[0021] Optionally, the control device is configured such that when both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism detect the medium, the control device controls the opening degree of the first regulating valve to be greater than the opening degree of the second regulating valve.

[0022] Optionally, the control device is configured such that when the second sensing mechanism detects a medium while the first sensing mechanism does not detect a medium, the control device controls the opening ratio of the second regulating valve to the opening ratio of the first regulating valve to be 4:1.

[0023] Optionally, the control device is configured such that when both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism detect the medium, the control device controls the opening ratio of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve to be 4:1.

[0024] A second aspect of this application provides a vessel including the aforementioned vessel ORC waste heat power generation system.

[0025] The ship according to the second aspect of this application has a ship ORC waste heat power generation system that can make full use of heat sources with multiple temperature ranges within the ship, resulting in high power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The following drawings, illustrating embodiments of this application, are incorporated herein by reference and are used to understand this application. The drawings illustrate embodiments of this application and their descriptions, serving to explain the principles of this application. In the drawings,

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0029] 100: Generator; 101: First impeller

[0030] 102: Second impeller; 110: First evaporator

[0031] 120: Second evaporator; 111: High-temperature heat source inlet regulating valve

[0032] 121: Low-temperature heat source inlet regulating valve; 130: First regulating valve

[0033] 140: Second regulating valve; 150: Condenser

[0034] 160: Working fluid pump; 170: First pipeline

[0035] 180: Second pipeline D1: High-temperature heat source medium

[0036] D2: Low-temperature heat source medium; D3: Cooling medium

[0037] D4: Power generation medium Detailed Implementation

[0038] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of this application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of this application may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described to avoid confusion with embodiments of this application.

[0039] In this document, ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” used in this application are merely identifiers and do not have any other meaning, such as a specific order. Moreover, for example, the term “first component” does not imply the existence of a “second component”, and the term “second component” does not imply the existence of a “first component”.

[0040] In this article, terms such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate the relative positional relationship between related parts, rather than to define the absolute position of these related parts.

[0041] In this document, terms such as “equal” and “same” are not strict mathematical and / or geometric limitations, but also include errors that are understandable to those skilled in the art and permissible in manufacturing or use.

[0042] Unless otherwise stated, the numerical ranges in this document include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also the subranges contained therein.

[0043] Figure 1 A marine ORC waste heat power generation system according to this application is shown. The marine ORC waste heat power generation system includes a generator 100, a first evaporator 110, a second evaporator 120, a first regulating valve 130, a second regulating valve 140, and a control device (not shown in the figure).

[0044] The generator 100 includes a first impeller 101 and a second impeller 102. The operating temperature range for the first impeller 101 is at least partially higher than that for the second impeller 102. A first evaporator 110 is connected to the first impeller 101 via a first conduit 170 and to the second impeller 102 via a second conduit 180. The first evaporator 110 is used to connect to a high-temperature heat source of the ship. A second evaporator 120 is used to connect to a low-temperature heat source of the ship and is connected to the first evaporator 110.

[0045] A first regulating valve 130 is located in a first pipeline 170. A second regulating valve 140 is located in a second pipeline 180. A control device is electrically connected to the first regulating valve 130 and the second regulating valve 140 respectively. The control device is configured to control the opening degree of the first regulating valve 130 and the second regulating valve 140 according to the current heat source type of the ship.

[0046] According to the ship ORC waste heat power generation system of this application, the control device adjusts the opening of the first regulating valve 130 and the second regulating valve 140 according to the heat source type of the ship, thereby adjusting the ratio of working fluid delivered to the first impeller 101 and the second impeller 102 respectively, so that the first impeller 101 and the second impeller 102 of the generator 100 operate within the corresponding suitable power generation operating temperature range, thereby enabling the ship ORC waste heat power generation system to have good power generation efficiency under different heat source types.

[0047] Optionally, within the ship's ORC waste heat power generation system, heat is transferred through the power generation medium D4, which expands and performs work on either the first impeller 101 or the second impeller 102, causing them to rotate and thus converting thermal energy into mechanical energy. The generator 100 contains a rotor, with the first impeller 101 and the second impeller 102 coaxially positioned between them. When either the first impeller 101 or the second impeller 102 rotates, it drives the rotor to rotate, thereby cutting magnetic field lines within the generator 100 to generate electricity and converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0048] Optionally, the first impeller 101 is designed for high-temperature power generation, while the second impeller 102 is designed for low-temperature power generation. Because the input conditions (temperature and expansion pressure of the input power generation medium) are different, the diameters and blade shapes of the first impeller 101 and the second impeller 102 are different, resulting in different impeller profiles and flow channels. Furthermore, the expansion volutes at both ends of the generator 100 for mounting the first impeller 101 and the second impeller 102 need to be designed separately based on the impeller and flow channel to ensure good power generation efficiency of the generator 100.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature range for the power generation operation of the first impeller 101 is 120-150°C, and the expansion pressure range is 15-30 bar. Alternatively, the temperature range for the power generation operation of the first impeller 101 can be 75-90°C, and the expansion pressure range can be 6-9 bar.

[0050] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The ship's ORC waste heat power generation system also includes a working fluid pump 160 and a condenser 150. The condenser 150 is connected to the first impeller 101 and the second impeller 102. The cooling medium D3 introduced into the condenser 150 exchanges heat with the power generation working fluid D4 entering the condenser 150, thereby condensing the gaseous power generation working fluid D4 from the first impeller 101 or the second impeller 102 into a liquid state. The working fluid pump 160 is connected to both the condenser 150 and the second evaporator 120. When the working fluid pump 160 is started, the power generation working fluid D4 at the location of the condenser 150 enters the second evaporator 120 through the working fluid pump 160, realizing the circulation of the power generation working fluid D4 within the ship's ORC waste heat power generation system.

[0051] Optionally, the first evaporator 110 is connected to a high-temperature heat source via a pipeline and is equipped with a high-temperature heat source inlet regulating valve 111. The medium generated by the high-temperature heat source (e.g., steam, hereinafter referred to as high-temperature heat source medium D1) is transmitted to the first evaporator 110 via the pipeline, thereby exchanging heat with the power generation working fluid D4 passing through the first evaporator 110, allowing the power generation working fluid D4 to absorb the heat from the high-temperature heat source medium D1. Similarly, the second evaporator 120 is connected to a low-temperature heat source via a pipeline and is equipped with a low-temperature heat source inlet regulating valve 121. The medium generated by the low-temperature heat source (e.g., steam, hereinafter referred to as low-temperature heat source medium D2) is transmitted to the second evaporator 120 via the pipeline, thereby exchanging heat with the power generation working fluid D4 passing through the second evaporator 120, allowing the power generation working fluid D4 to absorb the heat from the low-temperature heat source medium D2.

[0052] To determine the type of heat source occurring during ship operation, the ship's ORC waste heat power generation system also includes a detection device. The detection device includes a first sensing mechanism and a second sensing mechanism. The first sensing mechanism is used in the pipeline between the high-temperature heat source and the first evaporator 110 to detect whether a high-temperature heat source medium D1 is transferred to the first evaporator 110. The second sensing mechanism is used in the pipeline between the low-temperature heat source and the second evaporator 120 to detect whether a low-temperature heat source medium D2 is transferred to the second evaporator 120. Both the first and second sensing mechanisms are electrically connected to a control device, allowing the control device to control the opening degree of the first regulating valve 130 and the second regulating valve 140 according to the type of heat source on the ship.

[0053] Optionally, the first sensing mechanism includes a first pressure sensor and a first flow meter. The first pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the high-temperature heat source medium D1 delivered from the high-temperature heat source to the first evaporator 110, and the first flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the high-temperature heat source medium D1 delivered from the high-temperature heat source to the first evaporator 110. Both the first pressure sensor and the first flow meter are electrically connected to a control device, so that the control device can determine the condition of the high-temperature heat source based on the pressure and flow rate of the high-temperature heat source medium D1 in the pipeline between the high-temperature heat source and the first evaporator 110.

[0054] Similarly, the second sensing mechanism includes a second pressure sensor and a second flow meter. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the low-temperature heat source medium D2 supplied from the low-temperature heat source to the second evaporator 120, and the second flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the low-temperature heat source medium D2 supplied from the low-temperature heat source to the second evaporator 120. Both the second pressure sensor and the second flow meter are electrically connected to the control device, so that the control device can determine the status of the low-temperature heat source based on the pressure and flow rate of the low-temperature heat source medium D2 in the pipeline between the low-temperature heat source and the second evaporator 120.

[0055] Specifically, how the control device controls the first regulating valve 130 and the second regulating valve 140.

[0056] The control device is configured as follows:

[0057] When the second sensor detects the medium while the first sensor does not, that is, when the ship only has a low-temperature heat source, the control device controls the second regulating valve 140 to open, so that the power generation medium D4 heated by the second evaporator 120 can enter the second impeller 102. At this time, the generator 100 is suitable for power generation under the condition of low-temperature heat source.

[0058] When both the first and second sensors detect the medium, that is, when the ship has both a high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source, the control device controls the first regulating valve 130 to open, so that the power generation medium D4 heated by the second evaporator 120 and the first evaporator 110 can enter the first impeller 101. At this time, the generator 100 is suitable for power generation under the condition of high-temperature heat source.

[0059] Specifically, when the second sensing mechanism detects a medium while the first sensing mechanism does not, that is, when the ship only has a low-temperature heat source, the control device controls the opening of the second regulating valve 140 to be greater than the opening of the first regulating valve 130, so that the power generation medium D4 entering the second impeller 102 is more than the power generation medium D4 entering the first impeller 101, making the generator 100 more suitable for power generation conditions of low-temperature heat sources.

[0060] Furthermore, the control device is configured such that when the second sensing mechanism detects the medium while the first sensing mechanism does not detect the medium, the control device controls the opening ratio of the second regulating valve 140 to the opening ratio of the first regulating valve 130 to be 4:1, so that most of the power generation medium D4 does work on the second impeller 102, thereby enabling the generator 100 to have good power generation efficiency.

[0061] Specifically, when both the first and second sensing mechanisms detect the medium, that is, when the ship has both a high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source, the control device controls the opening of the first regulating valve 130 to be greater than the opening of the second regulating valve 140, so that the amount of power generation medium D4 entering the first impeller 101 is greater than the amount of power generation medium D4 entering the second impeller 102, making the generator 100 more suitable for power generation conditions with high-temperature heat sources.

[0062] Furthermore, the control device is configured such that when both the first and second sensing mechanisms detect the medium, the control device controls the opening ratio of the first regulating valve 130 and the second regulating valve 140 to be 4:1, so that most of the power generation medium D4 does work on the first impeller 101, thereby enabling the generator 100 to have good power generation efficiency.

[0063] In general, when the detection device detects that the ship has only a low-temperature heat source, the opening of the first regulating valve 130 decreases, the opening of the second regulating valve 140 increases, and the working fluid pump 160 operates at low frequency. At this time, the power generation working fluid D4 is pressurized by the working fluid pump 160 and first passes through the second evaporator 120 to exchange heat with the low-temperature heat source until it reaches a saturated gaseous state. After passing through the first evaporator 110 (without heat exchange), most of the power generation working fluid D4 enters the second impeller 102 through the second regulating valve 140 to expand and do work. A small portion of the power generation working fluid D4 enters the first impeller 101 through the first regulating valve 130 to expand and do work. After expansion, the power generation working fluid D4 enters the condenser 150 to exchange heat with the cooling water and then condenses, before re-entering the working fluid pump 160 for circulation.

[0064] When the detection device detects both a high-temperature heat source and a low-temperature heat source on the ship, the opening of the first regulating valve 130 is increased, and the opening of the second regulating valve 140 is decreased. The working fluid pump 160 operates at high frequency. The power generation working fluid D4, after being pressurized by the working fluid pump 160, first passes through the second evaporator 120 to exchange heat with the low-temperature heat source. At this time, the second evaporator 120 only serves to preheat the power generation working fluid D4, and the power generation working fluid D4 does not undergo a phase change. The preheated power generation working fluid D4 enters the first evaporator 110 to exchange heat with the high-temperature heat source until it reaches a high-pressure saturated gaseous state. Subsequently, most of the power generation working fluid D4 enters the first impeller 101 through the first regulating valve 130 to expand and do work, while a small portion of the working fluid enters the second impeller 102 through the second regulating valve 140 to expand and do work. The expanded power generation working fluid D4 enters the condenser 150 to exchange heat with the cooling water and then condenses, before re-entering the working fluid pump 160 for circulation.

[0065] This application also provides a vessel including the aforementioned ship ORC waste heat power generation system. The vessel according to this application, equipped with the ship ORC waste heat power generation system, can fully utilize heat sources within the vessel across multiple temperature ranges, resulting in high power generation efficiency.

[0066] Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Terms such as “setup” appearing herein can refer to either a component being directly attached to another component or a component being attached to another component via an intermediary. A feature described in one embodiment herein may be applied, alone or in combination with other features, to another embodiment, unless that feature is not applicable in that other embodiment or is otherwise stated.

[0067] This application has been described through the above embodiments; however, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit this application to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that many more variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of this application, and all such variations and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

Claims

1. A shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system, characterized in that, The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system includes: A generator, comprising a first impeller and a second impeller, wherein the temperature range for which the first impeller is applicable to power generation is at least partially higher than the temperature range for which the second impeller is applicable to power generation. The first evaporator is connected to the first impeller via a first pipe and to the second impeller via a second pipe. The first evaporator is used to connect to the high-temperature heat source of the ship. A second evaporator is connected to a low-temperature heat source of the ship, and the second evaporator is connected to the first evaporator; A first regulating valve is disposed in the first pipeline; A second regulating valve, wherein the second regulating valve is disposed in the second pipeline; and A control device, electrically connected to both the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve, is configured to control the opening degree of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve according to the current heat source type of the ship. The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system further includes a detection device, which comprises a first sensing mechanism and a second sensing mechanism. The first sensing mechanism is disposed between the high-temperature heat source and the first evaporator, and the second sensing mechanism is disposed between the low-temperature heat source and the second evaporator. Both the first and second sensing mechanisms are electrically connected to the control device. The control device is configured as follows: When the second sensing mechanism detects a medium while the first sensing mechanism does not detect a medium, the control device controls the second regulating valve to open, and controls the opening degree of the second regulating valve to be greater than the opening degree of the first regulating valve. When both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism detect the medium, the control device controls the first regulating valve to open.

2. The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sensing mechanism includes a first pressure sensor and a first flow meter. The first pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the medium delivered by the high-temperature heat source to the first evaporator, and the first flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the medium delivered by the high-temperature heat source to the first evaporator. The second sensing mechanism includes a second pressure sensor and a second flow meter. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of the medium delivered by the low-temperature heat source to the second evaporator, and the second flow meter is used to detect the flow rate of the medium delivered by the low-temperature heat source to the second evaporator.

3. The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ship's ORC waste heat power generation system also includes a working fluid pump and a condenser. The condenser is connected to the first impeller and the second impeller, and the working fluid pump is connected to the condenser and the second evaporator, respectively.

4. The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control device is configured such that when both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism detect the medium, the control device controls the opening degree of the first regulating valve to be greater than the opening degree of the second regulating valve.

5. The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control device is configured such that when the second sensing mechanism detects a medium while the first sensing mechanism does not detect a medium, the control device controls the opening ratio of the second regulating valve to the opening ratio of the first regulating valve to be 4:

1.

6. The shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control device is configured such that when both the first sensing mechanism and the second sensing mechanism detect the medium, the control device controls the opening ratio of the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve to be 4:

1.

7. A ship, characterized in that, Includes a shipboard ORC waste heat power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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