Dynamic pressure equalization hermetic cable assembly based on fluid coupling

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cable assembly technology, specifically to a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling. The assembly comprises, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an insulation layer, an annular support layer, a sheathing layer, a pressure guiding layer, and an outer sheath. The pressure guiding layer includes, from the inside out, an inner annular cavity, a sealing ring, and an outer annular cavity. Multiple sets of internal elastic diaphragms are evenly distributed circumferentially within the inner annular cavity to equally divide its internal space into multiple inner chambers. A flow channel is provided within the sealing ring. This invention's pressure guiding layer divides the annular cavity into pressure coupling units with a 90° phase difference through the inner / outer elastic diaphragms. Utilizing the dynamic migration characteristics of incompressible fluids, it achieves stress vector conversion between the compression and tension surfaces during bending—the compression surface chamber is driven by compressive force to flow the fluid to the corresponding long-diameter chamber, forming a self-balancing cycle of "short-diameter stress absorption – long-diameter elastic extension."

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable assembly technology, specifically to a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling. Background Technology

[0002] In modern electronic equipment and communication systems, coaxial cables are core components for transmitting high-frequency signals, and their transmission performance is crucial to system stability. The current transmission performance of coaxial cables is highly dependent on the coaxiality of the inner and outer conductors. However, in practical applications, cables inevitably need to be bent, installed, or subjected to long-term dynamic bending environments. In these situations, the outer tensile surface and the inner compressive surface of the cable will undergo elliptical deformation due to uneven stress distribution, causing the conductor layer to deviate from the central reference axis, resulting in eccentricity. Traditional coaxial cables typically rely solely on the insulation layer or simple support structure to maintain their shape, lacking effective pressure balance and deformation guidance mechanisms. On the one hand, when the cable bends, the external pressure cannot be symmetrically offset, easily causing conductor layer eccentricity, which in turn leads to increased signal transmission loss and a higher standing wave ratio. On the other hand, conventional materials lack stability under high temperature or high frequency environments. For example, ordinary insulating materials have a high dielectric constant, which exacerbates signal attenuation, and traditional support structures struggle to maintain mechanical balance under long-term bending conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the problems in the prior art by providing a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0004] The fluid-coupled dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly includes, from the inside out, a conductor layer, an insulation layer, an annular support layer, a wrapping layer, a pressure guiding layer, and an outer sheath.

[0005] The pressure guiding layer includes an inner annular cavity, a sealing ring, and an outer annular cavity arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside.

[0006] Multiple sets of internal elastic diaphragms are evenly distributed circumferentially within the inner ring cavity to divide the internal space of the inner ring cavity into multiple inner chambers.

[0007] The sealing ring has a flow channel inside;

[0008] Multiple sets of external elastic diaphragms are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the outer annular cavity to divide the internal space of the outer annular cavity into multiple outer chambers.

[0009] Both the inner and outer chambers are filled with incompressible fluid, and fluid exchange between the bent surface and the neutral axis region is achieved through flow channels.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, both the inner chamber and the outer chamber are provided in an even number, wherein two mutually symmetrical inner chambers / outer chambers form a group, and each group of inner chambers has a corresponding group of outer chambers, and the two have a 90° phase difference, so that the inner chambers and outer chambers at the compression surface form pressure coupling with the inner chambers and outer chambers of the neutral axis.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the inner elastic diaphragm and the outer elastic diaphragm correspond one-to-one in the radial path.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, both the inner elastic diaphragm and the outer elastic diaphragm are in a pre-stretched state.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, both the sealing ring and the wrapping layer are made of silicone rubber.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the conductor layer is formed by twisting together multiple sets of conductors.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the insulating layer is a polyimide film wrapped around the conductor layer.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the annular support layer includes an even number of circumferentially arranged support ribs, which surround the outer surface of the insulation layer to form an annular support.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] In this application, the pressure guiding layer divides the annular cavity into pressure coupling units with a 90° phase difference through inner / outer elastic diaphragms. Utilizing the dynamic migration characteristics of incompressible fluids, stress vector conversion between the compression and tension surfaces is achieved during bending. The fluid in the compression chamber is driven by the compressive force to flow to the corresponding long-diameter chamber, forming a self-balancing cycle of "short-diameter stress absorption - long-diameter elastic extension". This ensures that the conductor layer is always subjected to uniform radial pressure during deformation, maintaining strict concentricity.

[0019] The annular support layer adopts a centrally symmetrical design with an even number of circumferential support ribs. When the cable bends and undergoes elliptical deformation, the symmetrically distributed support ribs counteract the uneven external pressure through radial reaction force, constructing a rigid mechanical support matrix. This structurally constrains the conductor layer to be positioned along the central reference axis, eliminating the risk of axial displacement caused by bending. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling under normal conditions is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling under bending conditions is shown.

[0022] Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA;

[0023] Figure 4 It shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at point BB;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the flow channel structure is shown;

[0025] Figure 6 The diagram shows the volume changes of the inner and outer chambers under bending conditions.

[0026] Figure descriptions: 100, Conductor layer; 200, Insulating layer; 300, Annular support layer; 310, Support rib; 400, Encasing layer; 500, Pressure guiding layer; 510, Inner annular cavity; 511, Inner elastic diaphragm; 512, Inner chamber; 520, Sealing ring; 521, Flow channel; 530, Outer annular cavity; 531, Outer elastic diaphragm; 532, Outer chamber; 600, Outer sheath. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling under normal conditions is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling under bending conditions is shown. Figure 3 It shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section at point AA; Figure 4 It shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at point BB; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal elastic diaphragm 511 is shown; Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the volume changes of the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532 under bent conditions is shown.

[0029] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the cable assembly used is a coaxial cable structure, and the current transmission effect of its internal conductor is affected by the coaxiality. Based on this, this embodiment provides a coaxial irregularly shaped positioning and installation airtight cable assembly.

[0030] It should also be noted that, see Figure 2 In the diagram, along the bending direction of the cable, the surface whose inner length is compressed is called the compression surface, i.e., E1; the surface whose outer length is stretched is called the stretching surface, i.e., E2; and the surface whose length does not change during the bending process is called the neutral axis, i.e., C.

[0031] The fluid-coupled dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly includes, from the inside out, a conductor layer 100, an insulation layer 200, an annular support layer 300, a sheathing layer 400, a pressure guiding layer 500, and an outer sheath 600, wherein:

[0032] The conductor layer 100 is made of multiple strands of conductors. The specific conductor material is not limited and can be any metal that can carry current.

[0033] The insulating layer 200 is wrapped around the conductor layer 100, and the specific material is polyimide film. The polyimide film has excellent high temperature resistance and can be used for a long time in an environment of 260℃. It also has a low dielectric constant, which effectively reduces signal transmission loss.

[0034] The annular support layer 300 includes an even number of circumferentially arranged support ribs 310, which surround the outer surface of the insulation layer 200 to form an annular support. The support ribs 310 are made of ABS engineering plastic and are the same length as the conductor layer 100 in the axial direction. The even number of support ribs 310 means that each support rib 310 has another set of support ribs 310 that are symmetrical about the center of the axis. When the cable bends and causes the outer layer to become elliptical, the two support ribs 310 arranged symmetrically about the axis counteract the uneven pressure of the outer deformation layer through symmetrical radial reaction force, forming support against the external pressure, forcing the conductor layer 100 and the insulation layer 200 to remain in the central reference axis position, so as to prevent the conductor layer 100 from being eccentric during the bending process.

[0035] For example, Figure 3 The annular support layer 300 includes six sets of support ribs 310, each set of support ribs 310 having an included angle of 60°, and numbered ①②③④⑤⑥ along any circumferential direction; where ①④, ②⑤, and ③⑥ correspond to each other. When the cable is bent and ②⑤ is squeezed, ②⑤ are both subjected to radial pressure, which can be offset by the symmetrical design to keep the conductor layer 100 in place; the same applies to ①④ and ③⑥ when they are under pressure.

[0036] The wrapping layer 400 is wrapped around the annular support layer 300 so that multiple sets of support ribs 310 are enclosed to form a whole, ensuring the integrity of the annular support layer 300, and causing two adjacent support ribs 310 to resist each other and interfere with each other, which is beneficial to resisting and absorbing external pressure. The wrapping layer 400 allows radial deformation and is made of silicone rubber.

[0037] The outer sheath 600 is spaced outside the wrapping layer 400, and the pressure guiding layer 500 is spaced in the gap between the wrapping layer 400 and the outer sheath 600, which is used to guide the compression surface and the tension surface toward the neutral axis when the cable is bent.

[0038] The pressure guiding layer 500 includes an inner annular cavity 510, a sealing ring 520, and an outer annular cavity 530 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The sealing ring 520 is spaced between the wrapping layer 400 and the outer sheath 600. The gap between the sealing ring 520 and the wrapping layer 400 forms the inner annular cavity 510, and the gap between the sealing ring 520 and the outer sheath 600 forms the outer annular cavity 530. The arrangement of the outer annular cavity 530 and the inner annular cavity 510 provides space to allow the bending surface of the cable to deform when bent, so that the outer sheath 600 can change radial distance relative to the wrapping layer 400 after the cable is bent.

[0039] Multiple sets of internal elastic diaphragms 511 are evenly distributed around the inner ring cavity 510 in the circumferential direction. The internal elastic diaphragms 511 are connected between the wrapping layer 400 and the sealing ring 520 to divide the internal space of the inner ring cavity 510 into multiple inner chambers 512.

[0040] Multiple sets of external elastic diaphragms 531 are evenly distributed circumferentially inside the outer ring cavity 530. The external elastic diaphragms 531 are connected between the outer sheath 600 and the sealing ring 520 to divide the internal space of the outer ring cavity 530 into multiple outer chambers 532.

[0041] The inner elastic diaphragm 511 and the outer elastic diaphragm 531 correspond one-to-one in the radial path, and both the inner elastic diaphragm 511 and the outer elastic diaphragm 531 are in a pre-stretched state. Here, correspondence refers to both quantity and position. That is, the outer elastic diaphragm 531 is set on the extension line of the radial path of the inner elastic diaphragm 511. In this way, the inner cavity 512 and the outer cavity 532 also correspond one-to-one in the radial direction. The inner elastic diaphragm 511 and the outer elastic diaphragm 531 are both in a preset stretched state. That is, the outer elastic diaphragm 531 and the inner elastic diaphragm 511 both apply a radial tensile force to the sealing ring 520, and the two tensile forces are in opposite directions to cancel each other out, ensuring that the sealing ring 520 is subjected to uniform force in the circumferential direction and can maintain concentricity with the conductor layer 100.

[0042] Both the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532 are filled with a fluid medium that is incompressible, such as water or oil. The intermolecular forces are strong and the volume does not change with pressure, so it can fill both the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532. The pressure between the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532 is the same.

[0043] It should be noted that the fluid medium can be directly present in the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532, or it can be indirectly present in the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532 through the capsule. The choice can be made according to actual needs to prevent fluid medium leakage under special conditions.

[0044] Both the inner chamber 512 and the outer chamber 532 are provided in even numbers. Two mutually symmetrical inner chambers 512 / outer chambers 532 form a group. Each group of inner chambers 512 has a corresponding pair of outer chambers 532, and the two have a 90° phase difference. Here, "corresponding" refers to being centrally symmetrical, with the center of symmetry being the reference axis. (See...) Figure 5 .

[0045] The sealing ring 520 is made of silicone rubber. A flow channel 521 is provided inside the sealing ring 520. Two sets of opposing inner chambers 512 and outer chambers 532 are connected through the flow channel 521. That is, the fluid medium can flow between the inner chamber 512 and its corresponding outer chamber 532 through the flow channel 521. Whenever the volume of the inner chamber 512 / outer chamber 532 changes, the corresponding outer chamber 532 / inner chamber 512 changes accordingly.

[0046] Stress relief mechanism during bending: During actual bending, the stress concentration on both the tension and compression surfaces applies pressure towards the neutral axis. At this time, the reserved space in the inner annular cavity 510 and the outer annular cavity 530 allows both the tension and compression surfaces to move towards the neutral axis, reducing the distance between them and forming a shorter diameter. Simultaneously, the compression and tension surfaces compress and deform the opposing inner and outer chambers 512 and 532 along the same radial path, driving the fluid medium to flow through the flow channel 521 into the opposing outer and inner chambers 532, which are 90° out of phase, forcing them to extend radially and form a longer diameter. In other words, the fluid medium flows towards the long axis during the bending process to absorb the squeezing force of the short axis on the center, and guides the compression surface and tension surface toward the neutral axis to achieve stress release. It should be emphasized that since the inner chamber 512 and outer chamber 532 on the short axis are connected to the inner chamber 512 and outer chamber 532 on the long axis, the pressure is the same. That is to say, the pressure applied to the inner side of the long axis and the short axis is the same. This overcomes the problem of the conductor cross-section being elliptical and not deformable in the traditional method, which leads to uneven radial pressure and conductor eccentricity. It achieves the technical effect of ellipticalizing the cable bending surface to release the stress on the compression surface and tension surface while maintaining the concentricity of the conductor.

[0047] Verification is as follows:

[0048] During bending, the tensile and compressive surfaces of the outer sheath deform symmetrically about the neutral axis, conforming to the bending formula in mechanics of materials. ;

[0049] in, Where is the bending radius, Distance to the neutral axis; Bending radius When fixed, Positively correlated with bending stress, this embodiment reduces... This method reduces bending stress.

[0050] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it.

Claims

1. A dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling, characterized in that, It includes, from the inside out, a conductor layer (100), an insulation layer (200), an annular support layer (300), a wrapping layer (400), a pressure guiding layer (500), and an outer sheath (600). The pressure guiding layer (500) includes an inner annular cavity (510), a sealing ring (520) and an outer annular cavity (530) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. Multiple sets of internal elastic diaphragms (511) are evenly distributed around the inner ring cavity (510) to divide the internal space of the inner ring cavity (510) into multiple inner chambers (512). A flow channel (521) is provided inside the sealing ring (520); Multiple sets of external elastic diaphragms (531) are evenly distributed around the circumference of the outer annular cavity (530) to divide the internal space of the outer annular cavity (530) into multiple external chambers (532). Both the inner chamber (512) and the outer chamber (532) are filled with incompressible fluid, and fluid exchange between the bent surface and the neutral axis region is achieved through the flow channel (521); The inner chamber (512) and the outer chamber (532) are connected by a flow channel (521).

2. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner chamber (512) and outer chamber (532) are provided in even numbers. Two mutually symmetrical inner chambers (512) / outer chambers (532) form a group. Each group of inner chambers (512) has a corresponding group of outer chambers (532) with a 90° phase difference between them, so that the inner chambers (512) and outer chambers (532) at the compression surface form pressure coupling with the inner chambers (512) and outer chambers (532) of the neutral axis.

3. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner elastic diaphragm (511) and the outer elastic diaphragm (531) correspond one-to-one in the radial path.

4. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both the inner elastic diaphragm (511) and the outer elastic diaphragm (531) are in a pre-stretched state.

5. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conductor layer (100) is composed of multiple strands of conductors twisted together.

6. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 5, characterized in that: The insulating layer (200) is a polyimide film wrapped around the conductor layer (100).

7. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular support layer (300) includes an even number of circumferentially arranged support ribs (310), which surround the outer surface of the insulating layer (200) to form an annular support.

8. The dynamic pressure-balanced airtight cable assembly based on fluid coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the sealing ring (520) and the wrapping layer (400) are made of silicone rubber.

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