Loudspeaker and terminal device

Abstract

A kind of loudspeaker and terminal equipment.The loudspeaker includes the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure arranged in a center-edge manner, two magnets are arranged in the first component, the two magnets are arranged close to the two ends of the first component, the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure form a magnetic gap between the two oppositely arranged side walls of the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure;At one end of the first direction, the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure are connected by the second magnetic conductive structure;At the other end of the first direction, the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure are connected by the third magnetic conductive structure;The voice coil of the loudspeaker is arranged in the gap between the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure, and is arranged in the gap between the second magnetic conductive structure and the third magnetic conductive structure.The embodiments of the application can be applied to intelligent vehicle or new energy vehicle, by improving the magnetic circuit system of the loudspeaker, the stress condition of the voice coil under large amplitude can be improved, so that high sound pressure and low distortion can be realized while realizing the miniaturization of the loudspeaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent vehicles, and more specifically, to a speaker and a terminal device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of vehicle technology, vehicles are integrating more and more entertainment functions. Speakers, as acoustic components that convert sound wave signals into sound signals, are crucial components of in-vehicle entertainment. Given the extremely limited space in vehicles, achieving high sound pressure levels and low distortion while maintaining acoustic performance and miniaturizing the speakers has become a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a loudspeaker and a terminal device that, by improving the magnetic circuit system of the loudspeaker, can improve the stress on the voice coil under large amplitude, thereby achieving high sound pressure level and low distortion of the loudspeaker while miniaturizing it.

[0004] In a first aspect, a loudspeaker is provided. The magnetic circuit system of the loudspeaker includes a first component and a first magnetically conductive structure nested therein, one of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure including a portion disposed near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the other of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure including a portion disposed near the center of the magnetic circuit system.

[0005] The first sidewall of the first component and the second sidewall of the first magnetically conductive structure are disposed opposite to each other, and a magnetic gap is formed between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected at their first ends via the second magnetically conductive structure, and at their second ends via the third magnetically conductive structure. The first end and the second end are two ends disposed opposite to each other along a first direction. The first component includes a first magnet and a second magnet, which are respectively disposed close to the oppositely arranged ends of the first component. The voice coil of the loudspeaker is disposed in the gap between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, and between the second magnetically conductive structure and the third magnetically conductive structure.

[0006] In this application, the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure can form a center-edge nested structure, with their two opposing sidewalls forming a magnetic gap for accommodating the voice coil. At a first end in the first direction, the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected via a second magnetically conductive structure; at a second end in the first direction, the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected via a third magnetically conductive structure. Thus, the magnetic gap between the first component and the second component can be closed at the first end by the second magnetically conductive structure and at the second end by the third magnetically conductive structure. Furthermore, the first magnet and the second magnet are respectively arranged close to the opposing ends of the first component.

[0007] This method reduces magnetic leakage in the magnetic circuit system, enabling a more uniform magnetic field distribution within the magnetic gap along the vibration direction of the voice coil. This improves the stress on the voice coil under large amplitude vibrations. Consequently, it allows for the miniaturization of the loudspeaker while achieving the design goals of high sound pressure level and low distortion.

[0008] In some implementations, in the first component, the first magnet may be positioned close to the first end, and the second magnet may be positioned close to the second end. The first component may also include a fourth magnetically conductive structure disposed between the first magnet and the second magnet.

[0009] In some implementations, a first magnet may be disposed at a first end of a fourth magnetically conductive structure, and the fourth magnetically conductive structure may have a first flange at the first end for surrounding at least a portion of the side surfaces of the first magnet. A second magnet may be disposed at a second end of the fourth magnetically conductive structure, and the fourth magnetically conductive structure may have a second flange at the second end for surrounding at least a portion of the side surfaces of the second magnet.

[0010] In this application, in the first component, a first magnet and a second magnet are respectively disposed at the first and second ends of the fourth magnetically conductive structure. Correspondingly, a magnetic gap is formed between the side surface of the fourth magnetically conductive structure and the side surface of the first magnetically conductive structure. By providing flanges at both ends of the fourth magnetically conductive structure, the magnetic field strength distribution within the magnetic gap can be strengthened near these ends (i.e., near the flanges), thereby increasing the electromagnetic driving force experienced by the voice coil under large amplitude. Even if the stiffness of the speaker's vibration system and the stiffness of the air in the rear cavity still exhibit a nonlinear variation trend, this method can improve the electromagnetic force so that the resultant force experienced by the voice coil changes approximately linearly, thereby further reducing the speaker's distortion under large amplitude.

[0011] In some implementations, a first gap may exist between the first sidewall and the second sidewall in a first region close to the voice coil; a second gap may exist between the first sidewall and the second sidewall in a second region far from the voice coil; the first gap may be larger than the second gap.

[0012] Because the magnetic gap is filled with air, and air has a greater magnetic reluctance than the magnetically conductive structure, this application, by setting the gap between the first and second sidewalls, enables the magnetic circuit system to have a larger magnetic reluctance in the region near the static position of the voice coil, and also a larger magnetic reluctance in the region far from the static position of the voice coil. In this way, the magnetic circuit system can have a lower magnetic field strength at the middle position in the first direction within the magnetic gap, and a larger magnetic field strength at the ends in the first direction. Even if the stiffness of the speaker's vibration system and the stiffness of the air in the rear cavity still exhibit a non-linear variation trend, this method can improve the electromagnetic force so that the resultant force on the voice coil changes approximately linearly, thereby further reducing the speaker's distortion at large amplitudes.

[0013] In some implementations, the magnetization directions of the first magnet and the second magnet can be two opposite sub-directions within the first direction.

[0014] In some implementations, the first component may include a third end and a fourth end disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, which may be different from the first direction; in the first component, the first magnet may be disposed close to the third end, and the second magnet may be disposed close to the fourth end; the magnetization directions of the first magnet and the second magnet may be two sub-directions pointing in opposite directions in the second direction.

[0015] In some implementations, the magnetic circuit system includes a first port disposed on a third sidewall; the third sidewall is a sidewall in the first component that is disposed opposite to the first sidewall, and the first sidewall and the third sidewall are connected through the first port; or, the third sidewall is a sidewall in the first magnetically conductive structure that is disposed opposite to the second sidewall, and the second sidewall and the third sidewall are connected through the first port.

[0016] In this application, by placing the port on the side of the magnetic circuit system, the connection structure between the vibration system and the voice coil in the loudspeaker can be connected to the voice coil through the port on this side. Compared with the scheme of placing the port at the end of the magnetic circuit system, this method is beneficial to reduce the overall height of the loudspeaker.

[0017] In some implementations, the third sidewall may be provided with multiple first openings evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0018] In this application, by setting multiple first openings distributed along the circumference, the connection structure between the vibration system and the voice coil in the loudspeaker can be connected to the voice coil at multiple positions in the circumference. This method is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the force on the voice coil and to preventing the voice coil from shaking in the direction perpendicular to the circumference.

[0019] In some implementations, the second magnetically conductive structure may have a second port communicating with the first port, and the third magnetically conductive structure may have a third port communicating with the first port. The first port, the second port, and the third port may form a through slot from the first end to the second end of the magnetic circuit system.

[0020] In this application, by setting a through slot, the overall height of the speaker can be further reduced, which is beneficial to enhance the convective heat dissipation of the magnetic circuit system. It can also increase the magnetic field strength at the magnetic gap while maintaining low magnetic leakage, thereby improving the electromagnetic conversion efficiency of the speaker. Moreover, the presence of the through slot allows the connecting rod in the speaker that passes through the slot and connects to the voice coil to be tilted in the first direction, which is beneficial to achieving a low-strength design for the connecting rod.

[0021] In some implementations, the loudspeaker may further include a first connecting assembly. The first connecting assembly may include a first fixing part for connecting to the loudspeaker's vibration system, a second fixing part for connecting to the voice coil, and a connecting rod connecting the first fixing part and the second fixing part. The loudspeaker's vibration system may include a diaphragm, and the connecting rod may pass through a port in the first assembly or the first magnetically conductive structure.

[0022] In some implementations, the second fixing part includes a first annular structure and a second annular structure; at least one end of the voice coil is disposed in the first annular structure, and the first annular structure is connected to the connecting rod; the side of the voice coil is disposed in the second annular structure.

[0023] In some implementations, the second fixing part may include a third annular structure; the side of the voice coil may be disposed on the third annular structure, and the third annular structure may be connected to the connecting rod.

[0024] In some implementations, the magnetic circuit system may include a first opening disposed on a third sidewall, which may be part of a first component or a first magnetically conductive structure, and a connecting rod may be disposed through the first opening.

[0025] In some implementations, the first magnetic conductive structure can be positioned close to the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the first component can be positioned close to the center of the magnetic circuit system.

[0026] In a second aspect, a magnetic circuit system is provided. This magnetic circuit system may include the magnetic circuit system used in the loudspeaker described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0027] Exemplarily, the magnetic circuit system may include a first component and a first magnetically conductive structure nested within the first component. One of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure may include a portion disposed near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the other of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure may include a portion disposed near the center of the magnetic circuit system. A first sidewall of the first component and a second sidewall of the first magnetically conductive structure may be disposed opposite to each other, and a magnetic gap may be formed between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected at their first ends via a second magnetically conductive structure, and at their second ends via a third magnetically conductive structure. The first end and the second end are two ends disposed opposite to each other along a first direction. The first component may include a first magnet and a second magnet, which may be disposed near the oppositely arranged ends of the first component, respectively. A voice coil for a loudspeaker may be disposed between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, and in the gap between the second magnetically conductive structure and the third magnetically conductive structure.

[0028] For example, in some implementations, in the first component, the first magnet is disposed near the first end and the second magnet is disposed near the second end; the first component also includes a fourth magnetically conductive structure disposed between the first magnet and the second magnet.

[0029] Regarding the magnetic circuit system used in the loudspeaker provided in this application, please refer to the relevant description in the first aspect above, which will not be repeated here.

[0030] Thirdly, a terminal device is provided, which may include the speaker in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or may include the magnetic circuit system in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0031] For example, the magnetic circuit system may include vehicles, robots, drones, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the change in the rear cavity volume of the loudspeaker; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the loudspeaker's vibration system and the equivalent elastic system of the air inside the rear cavity; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit system. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing how several parameters of a loudspeaker change with the amplitude of the voice coil; Figure 6 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of one improvement method for the magnetic circuit system shown; Figure 7 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the magnetic leakage flux of the magnetic circuit system shown. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of one way to improve the vibration system of a loudspeaker; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ports of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is another schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of the magnetic circuit system 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic leakage of the magnetic circuit system 100 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the product of the magnetic field strength and the effective line length of the voice coil in the magnetic circuit system 100 provided in this embodiment of the application; Figure 15 This is another schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 16 This is another schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 17 This is another schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the projected shape of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application in the xy plane; Figure 19 This is another schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the first component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic gap between the first and second sidewalls provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 22 This is another schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the magnet 630 and the magnetic conductive sheet 660 provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field line distribution of the magnetic circuit system 600 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic leakage of the magnetic circuit system 600 provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 26This is a schematic diagram illustrating the performance of a loudspeaker employing a magnetic circuit system 600 in terms of maximum sound pressure level and distortion, provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram showing how the parameters of several loudspeakers provided in the embodiments of this application change with the voice coil amplitude; Figure 28 yes Figure 27 A schematic diagram showing the force on the voice coil in a loudspeaker. Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the first connecting component provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 30 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 31 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 32 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 33 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of a speaker structure provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 35 This is a schematic diagram of the internal temperature distribution of the loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] As a crucial transducer component in automotive audio systems, loudspeakers are pursuing technological advancements in high sound pressure level (SPL), low distortion, and miniaturization. Distortion refers to the phenomenon where a loudspeaker cannot faithfully reproduce an audio signal; distortion level can be used to characterize the degree of deviation between the sound played by the loudspeaker and the original sound. Furthermore, the intensity of the sound emitted by a loudspeaker can be measured using sound pressure level (SPL); a higher SPL indicates a louder sound.

[0035] For loudspeakers, performance indicators such as distortion and sound pressure level are affected by their structure.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The loudspeaker may include a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system, with the magnetic circuit system disposed between the vibration system and the loudspeaker's rear housing. The magnetic circuit system may include components for forming the magnetic circuit, such as magnets and corresponding magnetic guiding structures; the vibration system may include components such as a diaphragm, a spider, and a dust cover. In some implementations, the vibration system may consist only of a diaphragm for generating sound.

[0037] A magnetic circuit system can form a magnetic gap (simply called a magnetic gap or magnetic retraction gap); the voice coil can be placed in the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system and can also be connected to the vibration system through a transmission component. When an audio signal-carrying current passes through the voice coil, the voice coil will vibrate in the magnetic gap, thereby driving the vibration system to vibrate, thus enabling the loudspeaker to emit sound wave signals. Because the voice coil moves in the magnetic gap, this type of loudspeaker can also be called a moving-coil loudspeaker.

[0038] Since the cavity formed by the vibrating system and the rear shell (referred to as the rear cavity) is filled with air, the volume of the rear cavity will change when the voice coil drives the vibrating system to vibrate. For example, in a loudspeaker, the change in the volume of the rear cavity during the vibration of the vibrating system can be described as follows: Figure 2 As shown. (Refer to...) Figure 2 When the vibration system moves upward along the vertical direction shown in the figure, the volume of the rear cavity will increase; when the vibration system moves downward along the vertical direction shown in the figure, the volume of the rear cavity will decrease.

[0039] The stiffness of the vibrating system is denoted as . k ms The stiffness of the air in the rear cavity is denoted as k mb The vibration system of the loudspeaker and the movement of air within the rear cavity can be equivalent to... Figure 3 The motion of the elastic system is shown. (Refer to...) Figure 3 In this elastic system, the stiffnesses are respectively k ms and k mb Two springs are connected in parallel, with one end of each spring fixed and the other end connected to a mass of... m ms The objects are connected. Among them, m ms It can represent the equivalent mass of a vibrating system; the object m ms Driven by F This is related to the electromagnetic force acting on the voice coil; the elongation of the two springs (that is, the elongation of the object) m ms Position), which can be related to the location of the voice coil; object m ms Maximum amplitude X max It is related to the amplitude of the voice coil.

[0040] For example, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit system currently used in loudspeakers.

[0041] The magnetic circuit system contains one magnet. In this system, one portion of the magnetically conductive structure is located at the north pole (N) of the magnet, and another portion is located at the south pole (S). A gap is provided between these two portions of the magnetically conductive structure. Figure 4 As shown in (a) above. The gap between these two magnetically conductive structures can serve as a magnetic gap for setting the voice coil; the distribution of magnetic field lines at the magnetic gap in this magnetic circuit system can be seen as follows. Figure 4 The arrow in (a) is shown.

[0042] Since the voice coil is connected to the vibrating system, when current passes through the voice coil, the voice coil experiences electromagnetic driving force and stiffness changes. k ms and k mb Under the influence of, it will be Figure 4 The voice coil moves vertically; correspondingly, the relative position between the voice coil and the magnetic gap will change. Figure 4 (b) to (d) show three different positions of the voice coil during its movement.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, because the magnetic circuit system has different magnetic induction intensities at different positions within the magnetic gap, even if the voice coil carries the same current, the electromagnetic driving force experienced by the voice coil at different positions will be different.

[0044] by x This indicates the position of the voice coil at a certain moment (i.e., the amplitude of the voice coil's vibration at that moment), where... x A value of 0 indicates that the voice coil is in its natural state. x equal The voice coil can be positioned when it is in the maximum deformation state of the vibrating system (i.e., at its maximum amplitude); the natural state refers to the state of the voice coil when it is not energized. The voice coil's position... x The electromagnetic driving force acting on the location can satisfy the following formula:

[0045] in, B It can represent magnetic flux density; L It can represent the effective line length of the voice coil; I It can represent the current passing through the voice coil; This can be indicated by the position of the voice coil. x At that time, it is the product of the magnetic induction intensity and the effective line length of the moving coil. From formula (1), it can be seen that the electromagnetic driving force on the voice coil is related to its position in the magnetic gap.

[0046] The vibration system is equivalent to a system with a diameter of...d The effective vibration area is S d The maximum amplitude is X max The elastic disc. The pressure exerted by the speaker on the external air can satisfy the following formula:

[0047] in, P It is the maximum pressure exerted on the air by the vibrating system, which is related to the sound pressure level of the sound emitted by the loudspeaker; This can represent the space required for vibration. From formula (2), it can be seen that the lower the frequency, the larger the vibration space required to produce the same sound pressure level (i.e., ...). (product).

[0048] For the speaker's vibration system and the elastic system formed by the air in the rear cavity (i.e. Figure 3 The elastic system shown has a maximum amplitude. The following formula can be satisfied:

[0049] in, k This can represent the stiffness of the elastic system. From formula (3), it can be seen that the stiffness of the elastic system is determined by the stiffness of the vibrating system (i.e.,...). k ms ) and the stiffness of the air in the rear cavity (i.e. k mb It is composed of ) and its amplitude is directly proportional to the electromagnetic driving force F, and inversely proportional to the stiffness of the elastic system.

[0050] by V 0 represents the volume of the posterior cavity in its natural state, with... P If 0 represents the local air pressure, then the stiffness of the air in the rear cavity can satisfy the following formula:

[0051] As can be seen from formula (4), the effective vibration area of ​​the loudspeaker and the position of the voice coil will affect the stiffness of the air in the rear cavity.

[0052] However, for Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown, in particular, exhibits a more pronounced attenuation of the magnetic field strength at locations with larger amplitudes; correspondingly, under large amplitude conditions, It will exhibit a non-linear changing trend, such as Figure 5 As shown in (a) above. Additionally, for Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the image, under large amplitude conditions, the stiffness of the vibrating system exhibits a non-linear changing trend, such as... Figure 5 As shown in (b); moreover, the stiffness of the air in the rear cavity also exhibits a non-linear variation trend, such as Figure 5 As shown in (c) in the figure.

[0053] The speaker uses Figure 4 In the case of the magnetic circuit system shown, although the above three nonlinear trends can be mitigated through appropriate methods, it is still difficult to achieve the technical goals of high sound pressure level, low distortion and miniaturization.

[0054] Some solutions employ methods such as increasing the width of the magnetic gap and decreasing the width of the voice coil to adjust the relative width between the magnetic gap and the voice coil, thereby reducing... BL x The nonlinear changing trend, such as Figure 6 As shown.

[0055] However, on the one hand, under large amplitude conditions, the electroacoustic conversion efficiency is... BL x The linear trend of change cannot be satisfied simultaneously; on the other hand... Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown inevitably suffers from magnetic leakage, which leads to a decrease in electroacoustic conversion efficiency. The following section combines... Figure 7 right Figure 4 The leakage flux of the magnetic circuit system shown is illustrated as an example.

[0056] exist Figure 7 In the middle, assuming that Figure 4 The cylindrical magnetic circuit system is configured in a manner with a radius of approximately 35 millimeters (mm) and a height of approximately 40 mm.

[0057] Figure 7 (a) shows the magnetic field distribution inside and outside the magnetic circuit system. Specifically, Figure 7 (a) shows the simulation results of the surface magnetic flux density at different locations in the magnetic circuit system. The surface magnetic flux density modulus can be used to characterize the distribution of the magnetic field on the surface of an object, and its unit is tesla (T). Figure 7 As shown in (a), although the magnetic circuit system can have a large magnetic field strength at the magnetic gap, the magnetic circuit system also has a large magnetic field strength around the magnetic gap and at the top of the magnetic circuit system (i.e., the magnetic circuit system has a large degree of magnetic leakage in these parts).

[0058] based on Figure 7 The simulation results in (a) are shown in the figure. Figure 7 (b) further statistically analyzed the magnetic circuit system at a position angle of -90 degrees. o ) to 90 o The leakage flux within the specified range. Among them, such as... Figure 7 As shown in (a), the position angle is -90°. o This can represent the bottom of the magnetic circuit system, at a position angle of 90 degrees. o It can represent the top of the magnetic circuit system.

[0059] Furthermore, based on Figure 7 The leakage flux in (a) and (b) is shown below. Figure 7 (c) in the diagram shows that in Figure 4 The diagram shows the distribution of magnetic field lines inside and outside the magnetically conductive structure of the magnetic circuit system.

[0060] Figure 7 The circuit shown in (d) can be understood as follows: Figure 4 The simplified equivalent circuit of the magnetic circuit system is shown. Where F... m φ represents the magnetomotive force of a magnet. m Rm represents the magnetic flux of a magnet. f F represents the magnetic reluctance of a magnet. g The magnetomotive force φ represents the magnetic gap. g Rm represents the magnetic flux through the magnetic gap. g F represents the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic gap. f φ represents the magnetomotive force loss of the system. L Rm represents the magnetic flux corresponding to leakage flux. L This represents the magnetic reluctance corresponding to leakage flux. (From...) Figure 7 As can be seen from the equivalent circuit shown in (d), by reducing the magnetic reluctance Rm of the magnetic gap loop... g This can increase the magnetic flux of the magnetic gap.

[0061] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that, due to Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown has a significant degree of magnetic leakage, which leads to a difference in magnetic flux inside and outside the magnetic gap, thus causing... BL x Under large amplitudes, the magnetic field exhibits nonlinear changes and a decrease in electroacoustic conversion efficiency. Therefore, although adjusting the relative width of the magnetic gap and the voice coil can optimize the magnetic field distribution in the magnetic gap region to some extent, this method lacks a significant effect on improving the leakage magnetic characteristics of the magnetic circuit system, thus limiting its effectiveness in suppressing... BL x Its effect on nonlinear changes is very limited.

[0062] In other solutions, the stiffness of the vibration system is adjusted by optimizing its shape and materials. However, in engineering practice, it is difficult to significantly improve the stiffness k of the vibration system simply by modifying its shape and materials. ms It exhibits a completely linear trend; such as Figure 8 As shown, after improvement, although the stiffness k of the vibration system... msThe rate of change of amplitude has decreased compared to before the improvement, but the stiffness k of the vibration system has decreased. ms The trend remains non-linear. Therefore, even with this method, the speaker will still exhibit distortion under large amplitude conditions.

[0063] In other solutions, increasing the volume of the rear cavity is used to mitigate the nonlinear variation in the stiffness of the air within the rear cavity. However, increasing the volume of the rear cavity leads to an increase in the size of the speaker, which conflicts with the miniaturization design of the speaker.

[0064] Therefore, embodiments of this application provide a magnetic circuit system, a loudspeaker, and a terminal device.

[0065] The magnetic circuit system of the loudspeaker may include a first component and a first magnetically conductive structure nested within the first component. One of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure may include a portion disposed near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the other of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure may include a portion disposed near the center of the magnetic circuit system.

[0066] For example, in one design, the first component may include a portion located near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and correspondingly, the first magnetically conductive structure may include a portion located near the center of the magnetic circuit system. As another example, in another design, the first component may include a portion located near the center of the magnetic circuit system, and correspondingly, the first magnetically conductive structure may include a portion located near the edge of the magnetic circuit system.

[0067] In some embodiments, the shape of the magnetic circuit system can be or approximate a cylindrical, prism, or other cylindrical structure. The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure can be nested in the radial direction of the cylindrical structure; more specifically, in the radial direction of the cylindrical structure, one of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure can be located close to the center of the cylindrical structure, and the other of the two can be located close to the edge of the cylindrical structure.

[0068] The first sidewall of the first component and the second sidewall of the first magnetically conductive structure can be disposed opposite to each other, and a magnetic gap can be formed between the first sidewall and the second sidewall.

[0069] In some embodiments, taking the first magnetically conductive structure as an example, the magnetically conductive structure includes only one sub-component on the side where the magnetic gap is located; in this case, the sidewall (i.e. the second sidewall) used to form the magnetic gap in the first magnetically conductive structure will be formed only by the side of the sub-component.

[0070] In some embodiments, the first component may include multiple sub-components on the side where the magnetic gap is located; in this case, the first sidewall of the first component may be formed by the sides of the multiple sub-components. Similarly, in some implementations, the first magnetically conductive structure may include multiple sub-components on the side where the magnetic gap is located; in this case, the second sidewall of the first magnetically conductive structure may be formed by the sides of the multiple sub-components.

[0071] The first component and the first magnetic structure can be connected at the first end through the second magnetic structure, and the first component and the first magnetic structure can be connected at the second end through the third magnetic structure. The first end and the second end can be two ends arranged opposite to each other along the first direction.

[0072] The first component may include a first magnet and a second magnet, which may be disposed near opposite ends of the first component. The voice coil of the loudspeaker may be disposed in the gap between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, and between the second magnetic guiding structure and the third magnetic guiding structure.

[0073] In some embodiments, a single magnetically conductive structure may be composed of one or more parts; the parts constituting the first magnetically conductive structure, the parts constituting the second magnetically conductive structure, and the parts constituting the third magnetically conductive structure may be different from each other.

[0074] In some other embodiments, a component may include multiple parts, one of which may belong to one of the first to third magnetically conductive structures, and another part may belong to the other of the first to third magnetically conductive structures. For example, one part of a component may belong to the first magnetically conductive structure, another part of the component may belong to the second magnetically conductive structure, and even yet another part of the component may belong to the third magnetically conductive structure.

[0075] The following combination Figure 9 and Figure 10 The magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application will be described exemplarily. Figure 9 and Figure 10 In this case, it is assumed that the magnetic circuit system is approximately cylindrical in shape, with the voice coil arranged around the perimeter.

[0076] For example, Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0077] Figure 9 (a) can be understood as a cross-sectional view of the magnetic circuit system at a certain location, such as a cross-sectional view of the magnetic circuit system at a certain location perpendicular to the direction of the voice coil. Figure 9 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the AA section of the magnetic circuit system under one design configuration; Figure 9(c) shows a schematic diagram of the AA section of the magnetic circuit system under an alternative design.

[0078] Reference Figure 9 In (a), the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are positioned opposite each other with a gap between them; in a first direction, a second magnetically conductive structure is provided at one end of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure, and a third magnetically conductive structure is provided at the other end. The first component, the first magnetically conductive structure, the second magnetically conductive structure, and the third magnetically conductive structure can be arranged to form a receiving space; the voice coil can be disposed in this receiving space.

[0079] Assumption Figure 9 The cross section shown in (a) is perpendicular to the direction of the voice coil's wrapping. Figure 9 The first direction shown in (a) (i.e., the vertical direction in the figure) can be the direction of vibration of the voice coil. When energized, the voice coil will vibrate up and down along this vertical direction, which in turn drives the vibration system of the loudspeaker to vibrate, thereby making the loudspeaker produce sound.

[0080] In one design, the first component can be positioned close to the center of the magnetic circuit system, and the first magnetically conductive structure can be positioned close to the edge of the magnetic circuit system.

[0081] For example, refer to Figure 9 In (b), the first magnetically conductive structure can be arranged around the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the first magnetically conductive component can form a cavity surrounding the center of the magnetic circuit system; the first component can be disposed in this cavity. Figure 9 As shown in (b), in the radial direction of the cylinder, the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure form a center-edge nested structure. The voice coil can be arranged in the magnetic gap between the first magnetically conductive structure and the first component, and is arranged around the first component.

[0082] In another design approach, the first magnetic conductive structure can be positioned close to the center of the magnetic circuit system, and the first component can be arranged close to the edge of the magnetic circuit system.

[0083] For example, refer to Figure 9 In (c), the first component can be arranged around the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and a cavity can be set in its center; the first magnetically conductive structure arranged near the center of the magnetic circuit system will be nested in this cavity. Figure 9 As shown in (c), in the radial direction of the cylinder, the first component and the first magnetic structure form a center-edge nested structure.

[0084] In the above Figure 9In the AA sections shown in (b) and (c), the first magnetically conductive structure and the first component are continuous in the circumferential direction. In the actual three-dimensional structure, the first magnetically conductive structure and the first component may be continuous in the circumferential direction; or, in some implementations, the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure may include multiple parts that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction.

[0085] The above combination Figure 9 The relative positions of the first magnetically conductive structure, the second magnetically conductive structure, the third magnetically conductive structure, and the first component are illustrated by way of example.

[0086] In the above Figure 9 In the cross-section shown in (a), the space containing the voice coil is enclosed and sealed by the first magnetically conductive structure, the second magnetically conductive structure, the third magnetically conductive structure, and the first component. Since the loudspeaker's vibration system is outside the magnetic circuit system, if each cross-section in the voice coil's winding direction is as shown... Figure 9 As shown in (a), the voice coil in the magnetic gap will be difficult to connect to the vibration system outside the magnetic circuit system.

[0087] Exemplarily, the magnetic circuit system may further include a port disposed on the first magnetically conductive structure, the second magnetically conductive structure, the third magnetically conductive structure, or the first component, so that the external space of the magnetic circuit system is connected to the magnetic gap. The connection structure between the speaker's resonant system and the voice coil may be disposed through this port, thereby enabling the resonant system located in the external space of the magnetic circuit system to be connected to the voice coil located in the magnetic gap. The following is combined with... Figure 10 The configuration method of this port is illustrated by example.

[0088] For example, Figure 10 Several arrangements of ports in a magnetic circuit system are shown.

[0089] In some embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown in (a), the magnetic circuit system can have an opening at its top to connect the magnetic gap to the external space of the magnetic circuit system. Assume... Figure 10 The vertical direction in (a) corresponds to Figure 9 The first direction in (a) of the magnetic circuit system, the opening at the top of the magnetic circuit system, can be set in the second magnetic conductive structure of the magnetic circuit system.

[0090] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown in (b), the magnetic circuit system can have an opening on its outer side to connect the magnetic gap to the external space of the magnetic circuit system. Assume... Figure 10 The vertical direction in (b) corresponds to Figure 9 The first direction in (a) of the magnetic circuit system, the port located outside the magnetic circuit system, can be set in the first component or the first magnetic conductive structure of the magnetic circuit system.

[0091] In some other embodiments, such as Figure 10 As shown in (c), the magnetic circuit system can have an opening on its inner side to connect the magnetic gap with the external space of the magnetic circuit system. Assume... Figure 10 The vertical direction in (c) corresponds to Figure 9 The first direction in (a) of the magnetic circuit system, the port located inside the magnetic circuit system, can be set in the first component or the first magnetic conductive structure of the magnetic circuit system.

[0092] for Figure 10 The openings shown in (a) to (c) are through which the connection structure between the vibration system and the voice coil in the loudspeaker can be set. The other end of the opening can be connected to the diaphragm or other components in the vibration system outside the magnetic circuit system, and the other end can be connected to the voice coil in the magnetic gap.

[0093] Compared to Figure 10 (a) in the middle Figure 10 In (b) and (c), the port is located on the side of the magnetic circuit system. The connection structure for connecting the voice coil and the vibration system can be connected to the voice coil at the port on the side of the magnetic circuit system, which helps to reduce the overall height of the loudspeaker.

[0094] Regarding the above Figure 10 The openings shown in (b) and (c) are shorter than the height of the cylinder (i.e., the magnetic circuit system) shown in the figure. In some implementations, the openings located on the side of the magnetic circuit system can extend from the top to the top of the magnetic circuit system and from the bottom to the bottom of the magnetic circuit system, communicating with the opening at the top of the magnetic circuit system to form a through slot extending from the top to the bottom of the magnetic circuit system, such as... Figure 10 As shown in (d) above. In this case, the first component and the first magnetic structure will be divided into multiple parts that are discontinuously arranged in the circumferential direction by these through slots.

[0095] In this embodiment, by setting a through slot, the overall height of the speaker can be further reduced, which is beneficial to enhance the convective heat dissipation of the magnetic circuit system, and can also maintain low magnetic leakage to increase the magnetic field strength at the magnetic gap, thereby improving the electromagnetic conversion efficiency of the speaker. In addition, since the speaker needs to pass through the opening with a connecting rod so that the voice coil can be connected to the vibration system, if a through slot is not used, in order to avoid the connecting rod colliding with the magnetic circuit system under large amplitude, the connecting rod needs to be set as perpendicular as possible to the first direction, which results in the connecting rod needing to have greater strength; while with a through slot, the connecting rod can be tilted in the first direction, so that the connecting rod has lower strength but still meets the usage requirements.

[0096] For example, the magnetization direction of the second magnet has at least a partial component in the direction opposite to the magnetization direction of the first magnet. That is, the magnetization directions of the first magnet and the second magnet have opposite components in at least some straight line. For example, suppose the magnetization direction of the first magnet is in the positive direction of the z-axis; the magnetization direction of the second magnet has at least a partial component in the negative direction of the z-axis.

[0097] In some implementations, the magnetization directions of the first and second magnets can be completely opposite. For example, the magnetization direction of the first magnet is the positive z-axis direction, while the magnetization direction of the second magnet can be the negative z-axis direction.

[0098] The above combination Figure 9 The relative positional relationships between the first component and each magnetically conductive structure are illustrated in the following example. Figure 10 An exemplary description of a port on a magnetic circuit system is provided below. Figures 11 to 28 The magnetic circuit system shown is an example of the magnetic circuit system provided in this application embodiment. Figures 11 to 28 In the magnetic circuit system shown, the first component and the second component are magnetized in opposite directions.

[0099] For example, Figure 11 This is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 11 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic circuit system 100. Figure 11 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the BB cross section of the magnetic circuit system 100.

[0100] Reference Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system 100 may include an upper magnetic cup 110, a lower magnetic cup 120, an upper magnet 130, a lower magnet 140, an upper magnetic sheet 150, and a lower magnetic sheet 160. The upper magnetic cup 110 and the lower magnetic cup 120 may be joined together along the z-axis, forming a receiving space between them; the upper magnet 130, the lower magnet 140, the upper magnetic sheet 150, and the lower magnetic sheet 160 may be disposed in this receiving space.

[0101] The upper magnetic cup 110 may include a side portion 111 and a top portion 112, and the lower magnetic cup 120 may include a side portion 121 and a bottom portion 122. In the radial direction, the side portion 111 of the upper magnetic cup 110 is disposed opposite to the upper magnet 130, and the side portion 121 of the lower magnetic cup 120 is disposed opposite to the lower magnet 140. For the upper magnetic cup 110, its top portion 112 can connect the side portion 111 to the upper magnet 130; for the lower magnetic cup 120, its bottom portion 122 can connect the side portion 121 to the lower magnet 140.

[0102] In the magnetic circuit system 100, the upper and lower magnets (130, 140) are arranged radially close to the center of the magnetic circuit system; that is, the arrangement of the first component and the first magnetic conductive component in the magnetic circuit system is similar to... Figure 9 Similar to (b) in the example.

[0103] The middle portion of the magnetic circuit system 100 in the radial direction may, from top to bottom in the z-axis direction (i.e., the axial direction), consist of: the top 112 of the upper magnetic cup 110, the upper magnet 130, the upper magnetic sheet 150, the lower magnetic sheet 160, the lower magnet 140, and the bottom 122 of the lower magnetic cup 120. The edge portion of the magnetic circuit system 100 in the radial direction may, from top to bottom in the z-axis direction, consist of: the side portion 111 of the upper magnetic cup 110 and the side portion 121 of the lower magnetic cup 120. In the radial direction, the voice coil 101 may be disposed in the gap between the middle portion and the edge portion of the magnetic circuit system 100.

[0104] for Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system 100 shown, in which the magnetically conductive structure formed by the side portion 111 of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 110 and the side portion 121 of the lower magnetically conductive bowl 120 can correspond to the first magnetically conductive structure; the sidewall (i.e., the second sidewall) located near the magnetic gap in this magnetically conductive structure can include the inner surfaces of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 110 and the lower magnetically conductive bowl 120. The magnetically conductive structure formed by the top 112 of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 110 can correspond to the second magnetically conductive structure; the magnetically conductive structure formed by the bottom 122 of the lower magnetically conductive bowl 120 can correspond to the third magnetically conductive structure. The assembly formed by the upper magnet 130, the lower magnet 140, the upper magnetically conductive sheet 150, and the lower magnetically conductive sheet 160 can correspond to the first assembly; in this assembly, the upper magnet 130 and the lower magnet 140 are disposed at both ends of the assembly in the z-direction, and the magnetically conductive structure formed by the magnetically conductive sheets 150 and 160 can be disposed between the upper and lower magnets. The sidewall (i.e., the first sidewall) near the magnetic gap in this component may include the sides of the upper magnet 130, the lower magnet 140, the upper magnetic sheet 150, and the lower magnetic sheet 160.

[0105] In some implementations, the magnetic conductive sheet and magnetic conductive bowl can be provided with cavities, such as... Figure 11 As shown. By incorporating cavities in the magnetic conductive structure, it is beneficial to achieve a lightweight magnetic circuit system.

[0106] In some implementations, the upper magnetic cup 110 can be provided with an opening that connects its inner and outer sides, extending from its top to its bottom; the lower magnetic cup 120 can also be provided with an opening that connects its inner and outer sides, extending from its top to its bottom. When the openings of the upper and lower magnetic cups 110 are connected, they can form a configuration as follows: Figure 10 The through-cut shown in (d) is an example. Figure 11As shown in (a), the magnetic circuit system 100 may have multiple through slots evenly arranged circumferentially. The connection structure between the speaker's vibration system and the voice coil can be arranged through these slots to connect the vibration system and the voice coil.

[0107] In some implementations, the upper magnet 130 and the lower magnet 140 can have opposite magnetization directions. For example, the magnetization directions of the upper and lower magnets can be set along the axial direction, wherein the N pole of the upper magnet 130 can be above the S pole (i.e., its N pole is set towards the top 112 and its S pole is set towards the bottom 122), and the N pole of the lower magnet 140 can be below the S pole (i.e., its N pole is set towards the bottom 122 and its S pole is set towards the top 112). Alternatively, the magnetization directions of the upper and lower magnets can be set along the axial direction, wherein the N pole of the upper magnet 130 can be below the S pole, and the N pole of the lower magnet 140 can be above the S pole.

[0108] The above combination Figure 11 Regarding the structure of the magnetic circuit system 100, the following is in conjunction with... Figure 12 and 13 The magnetic field distribution in the magnetic circuit system 100 is described.

[0109] For example, Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of magnetic field lines in the magnetic circuit system 100 is illustrated. Figure 12 In this context, it is assumed that the magnetization directions of the upper and lower magnets (130, 140) are set in opposite directions along the axial direction, and that the N pole of the upper magnet 130 is located above the S pole in the axial direction.

[0110] Reference Figure 12 The magnetic field lines of the upper magnet 130 can propagate along the magnetic circuit 131 in the magnetic circuit system. More specifically, the magnetic field lines emanating from the N pole of the upper magnet 130 can be transmitted from the top of the upper magnetic cup 110 to the side of the upper magnetic cup 110, and then pass through the voice coil 101 at the magnetic gap, before returning to the S pole of the upper magnet 130 via the upper magnetic sheet 150.

[0111] The magnetic field lines of the lower magnet 140 can propagate along the magnetic circuit 141 in the magnetic circuit system. More specifically, the magnetic field lines emanating from the N pole of the lower magnet 140 can be transmitted from the bottom of the lower magnetic cup 120 to the side of the lower magnetic cup 120, and then pass through the voice coil 101 at the magnetic gap, before returning to the S pole of the lower magnet 140 via the lower magnetic sheet 160.

[0112] For example, Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the magnetic leakage flux in the magnetic circuit system 100 is shown. Figure 13 In the middle, assuming that Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system is configured in a manner with a radius of approximately 30 mm and a height of approximately 50 mm.

[0113] Figure 13 (a) shows the magnetic field distribution inside and outside the magnetic circuit system. Specifically, Figure 13 (a) shows the simulated surface magnetic flux density results at different locations of the magnetic circuit system 100. Figure 7 (a) and Figure 13 In the two simulation examples in (a), equal amounts of magnets were used; the difference between the two is that they respectively used... Figure 4 and Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system shown.

[0114] based on Figure 13 The simulation results in (a) are shown in the figure. Figure 13 (b) further statistically analyzed the magnetic circuit system at a position angle of -90°. o Up to 90 o The leakage flux within the specified range. Among them, such as... Figure 13 As shown in (a), the position angle is -90°. o This can represent the bottom of the magnetic circuit system, at a position angle of 90 degrees. o It can represent the top of the magnetic circuit system.

[0115] Depend on Figure 7 and Figure 13 It can be seen that, compared to Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown, after adopting magnetic circuit system 100, although it has a lower surface magnetic flux density modulus at the magnetic gap, on the one hand, the leakage magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit system will be greatly improved, and on the other hand, the magnetic gap can have a more uniform magnetic field distribution in the axial direction of the magnetic circuit system. Therefore, it is effective in suppressing... BL x It can have a more significant effect on nonlinear changes.

[0116] based on Figure 13 The simulation example in the text, Figure 14 This further demonstrates the simulation example corresponding to BL x The changing trend. (Refer to...) Figure 14 ,and Figure 4 Compared to the magnetic circuit system shown, when using Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system 100 shown, BL x It can maintain a linear trend across a wider range of amplitudes. More specifically, such as Figure 14 As shown, using Figure 11 When the magnetic circuit system shown is 100, BL x The linear range can reach Figure 4 Twice that of the magnetic circuit system shown.

[0117] In addition, Table 1 shows Figure 7 and Figure 13 The results of comparing the performance metrics of the two simulation examples.

[0118] Table 1

[0119] because Figure 11 Compared to the plan Figure 4 The solution greatly improves the magnetic leakage of the magnetic circuit system. With the same magnet, the BL when the voice coil amplitude is 0 can be increased from the original 6.8 newtons per ampere (N / A) to 8.3. Moreover, as shown in Table 1, the amplitude when attenuated to 82% BL0 is increased from the original 6.3 mm to 13 mm, that is, the attenuation of BL is greatly suppressed.

[0120] The above combination Figures 11 to 14 The configuration of the magnetic circuit system 100 and its improvements to performance such as leakage flux are described exemplarily below. Figure 15 This application introduces another structure of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments.

[0121] For example, Figure 15 This is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 15 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic circuit system 200. Figure 15 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the CC section of the magnetic circuit system 200.

[0122] Reference Figure 15 The magnetic circuit system 200 may include a magnetic sheet 210 (also called an upper magnetic sheet 210), a magnetic sheet 220 (also called a lower magnetic sheet 220), an upper magnet 230, a lower magnet 230, a magnetic sheet 250 (also called an intermediate magnetic sheet #1), and a magnetic sheet 260 (also called an intermediate magnetic sheet #2).

[0123] The upper magnetic sheet 210 may include a side portion 211 and a top portion 212, and the lower magnetic sheet 220 may include a side portion 221 and a bottom portion 222. In the radial direction, the side portion 211 of the upper magnetic sheet 210 is disposed opposite to the upper magnet 230, and the side portion 221 of the lower magnetic sheet 220 is disposed opposite to the lower magnet 240. For the upper magnetic sheet 210, its top portion 212 can connect the side portion 211 to the upper magnet 230; for the lower magnetic sheet 220, its bottom portion 222 can connect the side portion 221 to the lower magnet 240.

[0124] and Figure 11The magnetic circuit system 200 differs from the magnetic circuit system 100 in that the upper and lower magnets (230, 240) are arranged radially close to the center of the magnetic circuit system; that is, the arrangement of the first component and the first magnetic conductive component in this magnetic circuit system is different from... Figure 9 Similar to (c) in the example.

[0125] More specifically, the edge portion of the magnetic circuit system in the radial direction may, from top to bottom in the z-axis direction, consist of: a top 212 of the upper magnetic sheet 210, an upper magnet 230, a magnetic sheet 250, a magnetic sheet 260, a lower magnet 240, and a bottom 222 of the lower magnetic sheet 220. The middle portion of the magnetic circuit system in the radial direction may, from top to bottom in the z-axis direction, consist of: a side portion 111 of the upper magnetic sheet 210 and a side portion 221 of the lower magnetic sheet 220. In the radial direction, the voice coil 201 may be disposed in the gap between the middle portion and the edge portion of the magnetic circuit system.

[0126] for Figure 15 The magnetic circuit system shown, the magnetically conductive structure formed by the side portion 211 of the upper magnetically conductive sheet 210 and the side portion 221 of the lower magnetically conductive sheet 220 can correspond to the first magnetically conductive structure; the sidewall (i.e., the second sidewall) near the magnetic gap in this magnetically conductive structure can include the outer surfaces of the upper magnetically conductive sheet 210 and the lower magnetically conductive sheet 220. The magnetically conductive structure formed by the top of the upper magnetically conductive sheet 210 can correspond to the second magnetically conductive structure; the magnetically conductive structure formed by the bottom portion 122 of the lower magnetically conductive sheet 220 can correspond to the third magnetically conductive structure. The assembly formed by the upper magnet 230, the lower magnet 240, and the magnetically conductive sheets 250 and 260 can correspond to the first assembly; in this assembly, the upper magnet 230 and the lower magnet 240 are disposed at both ends of the assembly in the z-direction, and the magnetically conductive structure formed by the magnetically conductive sheets 250 and 260 can be disposed between the upper and lower magnets. The sidewall (i.e., the first sidewall) located near the magnetic gap in this component may include the sides of the upper magnet 230, the lower magnet 240, the magnetic guide plate 250, and the magnetic guide plate 260.

[0127] For example, similar to magnetic circuit system 100, its side may be provided with an opening to allow the magnetic gap to communicate with the external space of the magnetic circuit system. Similar to magnetic circuit system 100, this opening may be provided in the first magnetically conductive structure of magnetic circuit system 200.

[0128] More specifically, such as Figure 15 As shown, similar to the upper magnetic cup 110, the upper magnetic sheet 210 may be provided with an opening that connects its inner and outer sides; similar to the lower magnetic cup 120, the lower magnetic sheet 220 may be provided with an opening that connects its inner and outer sides.

[0129] In some implementations, the openings of the upper magnetic sheet 210 and the lower magnetic sheet 220 can be connected to form a through slot extending from the top to the bottom of the magnetic circuit system, such as... Figure 15 As shown. Furthermore, the magnetic circuit system can have multiple through slots evenly arranged circumferentially to ensure that the voice coil is subjected to uniform force.

[0130] For example, Figure 16 This is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 16 Images (a) and (b) show schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic circuit system 300 under two different design schemes. Figure 16 (c) shows a schematic diagram of the DD cross section of the magnetic circuit system 300.

[0131] Reference Figure 16 The magnetic circuit system 300 may include a magnetic sheet 310 (also called an upper magnetic sheet 310), a magnetic sheet 320 (also called a lower magnetic sheet 320), an upper magnet 330, a lower magnet 330, and a magnetic structure 350 located between the upper and lower magnets.

[0132] Similar to the upper magnetic sheet 210, the upper magnetic sheet 310 may include a side portion 311 and a top portion 312; in the radial direction, the side portion 311 of the upper magnetic sheet 310 is disposed opposite to the upper magnet 330, and the top portion 312 of the upper magnetic sheet 310 can connect the side portion 311 to the upper magnet 330.

[0133] Similar to the lower magnetic sheet 220, the lower magnetic sheet 320 may include a side portion 321 and a bottom portion 322; in the radial direction, the side portion 321 of the lower magnetic sheet 320 is disposed opposite to the lower magnet 340, and the bottom portion 322 of the lower magnetic sheet 320 can connect the side portion 321 to the lower magnet 340.

[0134] and Figure 15 Similar to the magnetic circuit system 200 shown, in the magnetic circuit system 300, the upper and lower magnets (230, 240) are arranged radially close to the center of the magnetic circuit system; that is, the arrangement of the first component and the first magnetic conductive component in this magnetic circuit system is the same as... Figure 9 Similar to (c) in the example.

[0135] More specifically, the edge portion of the magnetic circuit system in the radial direction may, from top to bottom in the z-axis direction, consist of: a top 312 of the upper magnetic sheet 310, an upper magnet 330, a magnetic guiding structure 350, a lower magnet 340, and a bottom 322 of the lower magnetic sheet 320. The middle portion of the magnetic circuit system in the radial direction may, from top to bottom in the z-axis direction, consist of: a side portion 311 of the upper magnetic sheet 310 and a side portion 321 of the lower magnetic sheet 320. In the radial direction, a voice coil 301 may be disposed in the gap between the middle portion and the edge portion of the magnetic circuit system.

[0136] The magnetic circuit system 300 may have an opening on its side to allow the magnetic gap to communicate with the external space of the magnetic circuit system. Figure 15 Unlike the magnetic circuit system 200 shown, this port can be located in the first component of the magnetic circuit system 300.

[0137] In some embodiments, the opening is only provided in the magnetically conductive structure 350 between magnets 330 and 340 in the magnetic circuit system 300; in this case, magnets 330 and 340 will be continuous in the circumferential direction. When the opening of the magnetically conductive structure 350 extends from its top to its bottom, the magnetically conductive structure between magnets 330 and 340 can be divided by these openings into multiple circumferentially discontinuous parts, such as... Figure 16 As shown in (a) of the figure. In one implementation, the magnetic conductive structure 350 may include a plurality of magnetic conductive sheets distributed circumferentially, and gaps may be provided between adjacent magnetic conductive sheets. The opening in the magnetic conductive structure 350 may be formed by the gaps between adjacent magnetic conductive sheets.

[0138] In other embodiments, the opening may be a through slot extending from the top to the bottom of the magnetic circuit system 300; the magnetic circuit system 300 may include a plurality of through slots distributed circumferentially, such as Figure 16 As shown in (b) above. In this case, the magnets (330, 340) are also divided into multiple discontinuous parts in the circumferential direction by these slots. In one implementation, the magnet 330 may include a plurality of magnetic blocks arranged circumferentially on the top of the magnetically conductive structure 350, and gaps are provided between adjacent magnetic blocks to form through slots; in this case, the magnetic blocks located on the top of the magnetically conductive structure 350 may correspond to the first magnet. Similarly, a plurality of magnetic blocks corresponding to the second magnet may be arranged at the bottom of the magnetically conductive structure 350.

[0139] In other embodiments, the magnetically conductive structure 350 may be composed of multiple parts in the axial direction. For example, such as Figure 16As shown in (c), the magnetic conductive structure 350 can be provided with magnetic conductive sheet 351 and magnetic conductive sheet 352 in the z-axis direction from top to bottom; similar to the magnetic circuit system 200, magnetic conductive sheet 351 can correspond to magnetic conductive sheet 250, and magnetic conductive sheet 352 can correspond to magnetic conductive sheet 260.

[0140] In the above Figures 11 to 16 In the illustrated magnetic circuit system, two magnets in the first component are arranged axially at both ends of the first component; the magnetization directions of these two magnets can be opposite and arranged axially. In other implementations, the two magnets in the first component can be arranged axially at both ends of the first component in other directions (e.g., radially). The following... Figure 17 This is an example illustration.

[0141] For example, Figure 17 This is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 17 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic circuit system 400. Figure 17 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the EE cross section of the magnetic circuit system 400.

[0142] Reference Figure 17 The magnetic circuit system 400 may include an upper magnetic guide bowl 410, a lower magnetic guide bowl 420, and magnets 430 and 440. Similar to the magnetic circuit system 100, the upper and lower magnetic guide bowls can be enclosed to form a receiving space, and magnets 430 and 440 can be disposed in this receiving space.

[0143] The upper magnetic cup 410 may include a side portion 411, a top portion 412, and a side portion 413, which are connected via the top portion 412. In the radial direction, the side portion 411 may be located near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the side portion 413 may be located near the center of the magnetic circuit system. Similarly, the lower magnetic cup 420 may include a side portion 421, a bottom portion 422, and a side portion 423, which are connected via the bottom portion 422. In the radial direction, the side portion 421 may be located near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the side portion 423 may be located near the center of the magnetic circuit system.

[0144] Similar to magnetic circuit system 100, in magnetic circuit system 400, the components consisting of magnets 430 and 440 and the magnetic guiding structure between them are arranged radially close to the center of the magnetic circuit system. The magnetic guiding structure consisting of the side portion 411 of the upper magnetic cup 410 and the side portion 421 of the lower magnetic cup 420 can be arranged close to the edge of the magnetic circuit system.

[0145] More specifically, in the cross section EE, in the y-axis direction, the magnetic circuit system can be sequentially provided with: a magnetically conductive structure composed of sides 411 and 413, a magnet 430, a magnetically conductive structure composed of sides 413 and 423, a magnet 440, and a magnetically conductive structure composed of sides 411 and 413.

[0146] for Figure 17 The magnetic circuit system 400 shown has a magnetic structure consisting of the side portion 411 of the upper magnetic cup 410 and the lower magnetic cup 420 413, which can correspond to the first magnetic structure; the top 412 of the upper magnetic cup 410 can correspond to the second magnetic structure; and the bottom 422 of the lower magnetic cup 420 can correspond to the third magnetic structure.

[0147] The assembly consisting of magnet 430, side portion 413 of upper magnetic cup 410, side portion 423 of lower magnetic cup 420, and magnet 440 can correspond to the first assembly; in this assembly, magnets 430 and 440 can be disposed at both ends of the assembly along the y-axis direction. With respect to cross section EE, on the left side of the axis of the magnetic circuit system, the sidewall of this assembly near the magnetic gap can include the side portions 413, magnet 430, and the side surfaces of side portion 423; on the right side of the axis of the magnetic circuit system, the sidewall of this assembly near the magnetic gap can include the side portions 413, magnet 440, and the side surfaces of side portion 423.

[0148] In some implementations, similar to magnetic circuit system 100, magnetic circuit system 400 may include multiple through slots evenly arranged circumferentially, such as... Figure 17 As shown.

[0149] In some implementations, magnets 430 and 440 can have opposite magnetization directions. For example, taking cross section EE as an example, the magnetization directions of magnets 430 and 440 can be set along the y-axis; wherein, the N pole of magnet 430 can be to the left of its S pole, and the N pole of magnet 440 can be to the right of its S pole.

[0150] The above combination Figure 17 The structure of the magnetic circuit system 400 is illustrated by way of example. Regarding the above... Figures 11 to 17 The magnetic circuit systems shown have an external shape approximately cylindrical. Ignoring the through slots and vias in the magnetic conductive structure used for weight reduction, the projection of these magnetic circuit systems onto the xy-plane is approximately circular, as shown below. Figure 18 As shown in (a) of the diagram. In other implementations, the magnetic circuit system can employ other structures. For example, in one design, the magnetic circuit system can adopt an approximate prism structure, whose projection along the axial direction can approximate... Figure 18The rounded rectangle shown in (b) is an example. Alternatively, in another design approach, the magnetic circuit system can adopt an approximately elliptical cylindrical structure, whose projection along the axial direction can be approximated as... Figure 18 The ellipse shown in (c) is an example. In practical implementations, the magnetic circuit system can also adopt other cylindrical structures; for example, its projection along the axial direction can be approximated as... Figure 18 The shape shown in (d) or (e) is shown in the image.

[0151] For example, Figure 19 This is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 19 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic circuit system 500 after being divided by planes 505 and 506 is shown.

[0152] Similar to magnetic circuit system 100, magnetic circuit system 500 may include an upper magnetic cup 510, a lower magnetic cup 520, an upper magnet 530, a lower magnet 540, an upper magnetic sheet 550, and a lower magnetic sheet 560. The arrangement of the upper magnetic cup 510, lower magnetic cup 520, upper magnet 530, lower magnet 540, upper magnetic sheet 550, and lower magnetic sheet 560 in magnetic circuit system 500 can correspond one-to-one with the arrangement of the upper magnetic cup 110, lower magnetic cup 120, upper magnet 130, lower magnet 140, upper magnetic sheet 150, and lower magnetic sheet 160 in magnetic circuit system 100. The difference between magnetic circuit system 500 and magnetic circuit system 100 is that the projection of magnetic circuit system 500 onto the xy plane is approximately... Figure 18 The shape shown in (d) is such that the projection of the magnetic circuit system 100 onto the xy plane is approximately... Figure 18 The shape shown in (a) is shown in the image.

[0153] For example, the first component may further include a fourth magnetically conductive structure disposed between the first magnet and the second magnet. For instance, in the magnetic circuit system 100, the magnetically conductive structure formed by the upper magnetically conductive sheet 150 and the lower magnetically conductive sheet 160 may correspond to the fourth magnetically conductive structure. As another example, in the magnetic circuit system 400, the magnetically conductive structure formed by the side portion 413 of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 410 and the side portion 423 of the lower magnetically conductive bowl 420 may correspond to the fourth magnetically conductive structure.

[0154] In some implementations, a first magnet may be disposed at a first end of a fourth magnetically conductive structure, and a second magnet may be disposed at a second end of the fourth magnetically conductive structure. The fourth magnetically conductive structure may include a first flange portion disposed at the first end surrounding at least a portion of the sidewalls of the first magnet, and may also include a second flange portion disposed at the second end surrounding at least a portion of the sidewalls of the second magnet.

[0155] It should be noted that, in Figures 11 to 18In the magnetic circuit system shown, the z-axis can correspond to the first direction. Although the first magnet and the second magnet are respectively disposed at the first and second ends of the fourth magnetically conductive structure, the first magnet and the second magnet are not embedded in the fourth magnetically conductive structure, and the sides of the first magnet and the second magnet are not surrounded by the fourth magnetically conductive structure. Therefore, the following... Figure 20 The first flange portion and the second flange portion are described by way of example.

[0156] For example, Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the first component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0157] Reference Figure 20 In (a), the fourth magnetically conductive structure may include a main body, a first flange, and a second flange.

[0158] The first flange portion may protrude from the main body of the fourth magnetically conductive structure at the first end and be located on the side where the magnetic gap is located; the main body of the fourth magnetically conductive structure and the first flange portion may form a concave structure at the first end. The first magnet may be located at the first end of the fourth magnetically conductive structure and disposed in the concave structure; a portion of the side of the first magnet near the magnetic gap may be surrounded by the first flange portion.

[0159] Similarly, the second flange may protrude from the main body of the fourth magnetically conductive structure at the second end and be located on the side where the magnetic gap is located; the main body of the fourth magnetically conductive structure and the second flange may form a concave structure at the second end. The second magnet may be disposed at the second end of the fourth magnetically conductive structure and disposed within the concave structure; a portion of the side of the second magnet near the magnetic gap may be surrounded by the second flange.

[0160] Figure 20 The mating structure between the fourth magnetic conductive structure shown in (a) and the flange of the magnet is as follows: Figure 20 As shown in (b). More specifically, as Figure 20 As shown in (b), the side of the flange portion near the magnet can be perpendicular to the main body of the fourth magnetically conductive structure. In some embodiments, this side can be inclined to the main body of the fourth magnetically conductive structure, such as... Figure 20 As shown in (c) above. In specific implementations, this mating structure can also adopt other regular or irregular structures. For example, the mating structure can be as follows: Figure 20 As shown in (d) in the embodiments of this application, the specific ways of the mating structure will not be described one by one.

[0161] In some implementations, a first gap may exist between the first and second sidewalls in a first region near the voice coil; a second gap may exist between the first and second sidewalls in a second region away from the voice coil. The first gap may be larger than the second gap. The following combines... Figure 21 Examples are provided for the first and second regions.

[0162] For example, Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic gap between the first and second sidewalls provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0163] In some embodiments, a uniform gap may be present between the first sidewall and the second sidewall. For example, as... Figure 21 As shown in (a), a magnetic gap can be formed between sidewall #1 and sidewall #2, and a voice coil can be disposed in this magnetic gap; sidewall #1 and sidewall #2 can have a uniform gap in the first direction. Figures 11 to 18 The magnetic circuit system shown, the gap between its first and second sidewalls can be approximately equivalent to... Figure 21 As shown in (a) above.

[0164] In some other embodiments, the first sidewall and the second sidewall may have a larger gap in the region near the voice coil and a smaller gap in the region away from the voice coil when the system is at rest.

[0165] For example, refer to Figure 21 (b) in the middle, and Figure 21 Similar to (a) in the example, a magnetic gap for setting the voice coil can be formed between sidewall #1 and sidewall #2. (Similar to...) Figure 21 The difference between (a) and (a) is that in Figure 21 In (b), along the first direction, the sidewall can be divided into different regions, namely regions #1 to #3; among them, region #1 is closer to the voice coil than regions #2 and #3. Figure 21 As shown in (b), sidewall #2 can be provided with a concave structure, so that sidewall #1 and sidewall #2 have a larger gap in region #1 and a smaller gap in region #2 and region #3.

[0166] Since air has a greater magnetic resistance than magnetically conductive materials, this embodiment of the application can improve the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit system near the voice coil by setting a concave structure in region #1 of sidewall #2.

[0167] In this example, region #1 can correspond to the first region, and regions #2 and #3 can correspond to the second region. It should be noted that the gaps between sidewalls #1 and #2 in region #2 can be the same as or different from the gaps between these two sidewalls in region #3.

[0168] for Figure 21In the example shown in (b), in one design, sidewall #1 can belong to the first component and sidewall #2 can belong to the first magnetic structure; that is, sidewall #1 can be the first sidewall and sidewall #2 can be the second sidewall. In another design, sidewall #1 can belong to the first magnetic structure and sidewall #2 can belong to the first component.

[0169] For example, in Figure 21 Based on scheme (b), a non-magnetically conductive material (such as aluminum or copper) can be filled into the concave region where region #1 of sidewall #2 is located; after filling, the actual form of the magnetic gap can be as follows: Figure 21 As shown in (a) of the diagram.

[0170] Because non-magnetic conductors such as aluminum and copper have significantly higher magnetic reluctance compared to magnetically conductive materials (such as iron and iron-chromium-nickel alloys), this scheme can, from the perspective of adjusting the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit system, be compatible with... Figure 21 The scheme shown in (b) has a similar effect.

[0171] For example, with Figure 21 Unlike (b) in the previous example, both sidewall #1 and sidewall #2 can be provided with concave structures, resulting in a larger gap between sidewall #1 and sidewall #2 in region #1 and a smaller gap between region #2 and region #3. From the perspective of adjusting the magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit system, this scheme can be compared with... Figure 21 The scheme shown in (b) has a similar effect.

[0172] The above combination Figure 21 The first and second regions are described in illustrative terms. The following is a combination of... Figure 22 The first flange portion, the second flange portion, and the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system are presented in the magnetic circuit system by way of example.

[0173] For example, Figure 22 This is another structural schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 11 (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the magnetic circuit system 600 after being divided by planes 605 and 606. Figure 22 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the FF cross section of the magnetic circuit system 600. The magnetic circuit system 600 can be understood as an extension or variation of the magnetic circuit system 100.

[0174] Similar to magnetic circuit system 100, magnetic circuit system 600 may include an upper magnetic guide bowl 610, a lower magnetic guide bowl 620, an upper magnet 630, a lower magnet 640, an upper magnetic guide sheet 650, and a lower magnetic guide sheet 660. The arrangement of the upper magnetic guide bowl 610, lower magnetic guide bowl 620, upper magnet 630, lower magnet 640, upper magnetic guide sheet 650, and lower magnetic guide sheet 660 in magnetic circuit system 600 may correspond one-to-one with the arrangement of the upper magnetic guide bowl 110, lower magnetic guide bowl 120, upper magnet 130, lower magnet 140, upper magnetic guide sheet 150, and lower magnetic guide sheet 160 in magnetic circuit system 100.

[0175] for Figure 22 The magnetic circuit system 600 shown includes a magnetically conductive structure formed by the side portion 611 of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 610 and the side portion 621 of the lower magnetically conductive bowl 620, which can correspond to a first magnetically conductive structure. The sidewall (i.e., the second sidewall) located near the magnetic gap in this magnetically conductive structure can include the inner surfaces of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 610 and the lower magnetically conductive bowl 620. The magnetically conductive structure formed by the top portion 612 of the upper magnetically conductive bowl 610 can correspond to a second magnetically conductive structure; the magnetically conductive structure formed by the bottom portion 622 of the lower magnetically conductive bowl 620 can correspond to a third magnetically conductive structure. The assembly formed by the upper magnet 630, the lower magnet 640, the upper magnetically conductive sheet 650, and the lower magnetically conductive sheet 660 can correspond to a first assembly; the magnetically conductive structure formed by the upper magnetically conductive sheet 650 and the lower magnetically conductive sheet 660 can correspond to a fourth magnetically conductive structure.

[0176] Unlike magnetic circuit system 100, magnetic circuit system 600 employs... Figure 20 The fourth magnetic conductive structure and the magnet are configured in the manner shown in (a), and the following is adopted: Figure 21 The magnetic gap is set in the manner shown in (b) above.

[0177] More specifically, refer to Figure 22 In (b), the upper magnetic sheet 650 may have a flange 651 at its top near the magnetic gap, and the flange 651 and the main body of the upper magnetic sheet 650 may form a concave receiving space; the middle part of the magnet 630 may be embedded in this concave space, and correspondingly, part of its side will be surrounded by the flange 651. Similarly, the lower magnetic sheet 660 may have a flange 661 at its bottom near the magnetic gap, and the flange 661 and the main body of the lower magnetic sheet 660 may form a concave receiving space; the middle part of the magnet 640 may be embedded in this concave space, and correspondingly, its side will be surrounded by the flange 661.

[0178] Additionally, the upper magnetic sheet 650 may have a concave structure 652 on its side, allowing for a larger gap between it and the inner surface of the upper magnetic cup 610 in the region near the voice coil; similarly, the lower magnetic sheet 660 may have a concave structure 662 on its side, allowing for a larger gap between it and the inner surface of the lower magnetic cup 620 in the region near the voice coil. The regions containing the concave structures 652 and 662 may correspond to the first region.

[0179] In actual implementation, Figure 22 The upper and lower magnets shown can be composed of a single part; or they can be composed of multiple parts. For example, as... Figure 23 As shown in (a), the magnet 630 can be composed of magnetic blocks 631 and 632; the magnetic block 632 can have a smaller radial dimension and can be embedded in the concave cavity formed by the flange portion 651; the magnetic block 632 can have a larger radial dimension and can be directly disposed at the top of the flange 651. In this way, it is possible to avoid machining grooves that mate with the flange portion at the corners of the magnet, thereby improving the yield of the magnet.

[0180] Similarly, Figure 22 The upper and lower magnetic conductive sheets shown can be composed of a single component; or, they can be composed of multiple components. For example, as... Figure 23 As shown in (b), the lower magnetic sheet 660 can be composed of a magnetic sheet 663 and an annular magnetic sheet 664. A concave structure 662 can be disposed on the magnetic sheet 663; after the magnetic sheet 663 and the annular magnetic sheet 664 are stacked along the z-axis, the annular magnetic sheet 664 can form the flange portion 661 of the lower magnetic sheet 660.

[0181] For example, Figure 24 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of magnetic field lines in the magnetic circuit system 600 is illustrated. Figure 24 In this context, it is assumed that the magnetization directions of the upper and lower magnets (630, 640) are set in opposite directions along the axial direction, and that the N pole of the upper magnet 630 is located above its S pole in the axial direction.

[0182] Reference Figure 24 For the upper magnet 630, in addition to having a magnetic circuit 635 similar to magnetic circuit 131, it may also have a magnetic circuit 636. In magnetic circuit 636, the magnetic field lines emanating from the N pole of the magnet 630, after being transmitted through the top 612 of the upper magnetic cup 610 to the side portion 611, can be transmitted through the magnetic gap to the flange portion 651 of the upper magnetic sheet 650, and then return to the S pole of the upper magnet 630. In magnetic circuit 636, since the magnetic reluctance near the end is lower than that near the middle (i.e., the position where the voice coil is located in static state), the magnetic field lines passing through the flange portion 651 will have a higher density than the magnetic field lines passing through the middle.

[0183] Similarly, the lower magnet 640, in addition to having a magnetic circuit 645 similar to magnetic circuit 141, may also have a magnetic circuit 646. In magnetic circuit 646, magnetic field lines, after passing through the magnetic gap, can be transmitted to the S pole of the lower magnet 640 via the flange portion 661 of the lower magnetic conductor 660. In magnetic circuit 646, since the magnetic reluctance near the end of the magnetic gap is lower than that near the middle, the magnetic field lines passing through the flange portion 661 will have a higher density than those passing through the middle.

[0184] For example, Figure 25 A schematic diagram of the magnetic leakage flux in the magnetic circuit system 600 is shown. Figure 25 In the middle, assuming that Figure 22 The magnetic circuit system is configured in a manner that has a radius of approximately 30 mm and a height of approximately 50 mm.

[0185] Figure 25 (a) shows the magnetic field distribution inside and outside the magnetic circuit system. Specifically, Figure 25 (a) shows the simulated surface magnetic flux density results at different locations of the magnetic circuit system 100. Figure 13 (a) and Figure 25 The difference between the two simulation examples in (a) is that they respectively adopted... Figure 11 and Figure 22 The magnetic circuit system shown.

[0186] based on Figure 13 (a) and Figure 25 The simulation results in (a) are shown in the figure. Figure 25 (b) further illustrates the gap flux density at different locations in the z-direction for these two simulation examples; Figure 25 (c) further illustrates the corresponding simulation examples for these two examples. BL x The changing trend; Figure 25 (d) further illustrates the distortion of the loudspeakers corresponding to these two simulation examples at the same maximum sound pressure level.

[0187] Depend on Figure 13 and Figure 25 It can be seen that, compared to magnetic circuit system 100, the presence of flanges (651, 652) and concave structures 652 and 662 in magnetic circuit system 600 can improve the magnetic field distribution at the magnetic gap, and can... BL x The curve was adjusted to a smiling curve that curves upwards as the amplitude increases.

[0188] In addition, based on Figure 7 (a) and Figure 25 The simulation results in (a) are shown in the figure. Figure 26The performance of these two simulation examples at maximum sound pressure level and distortion is further demonstrated. Figure 26 As can be seen from (a) and (b) in the text, compared to Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown adopts Figure 22 The magnetic circuit system shown can significantly reduce speaker distortion while maintaining the same maximum sound pressure level. In particular, in the frequency range of 20 to 200 Hz, the maximum distortion of the speaker can be reduced from approximately 90% to approximately 20%. Figure 26 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0189] The above combination Figures 22 to 26 The structure of the magnetic circuit system 600 and its improvement on the performance of the loudspeaker are described exemplarily below. Figure 27 and Figure 28 The stress conditions of the voice coil under different magnetic circuit systems are illustrated by example.

[0190] For example, suppose that Figure 4 , Figure 11 as well as Figure 22 The magnetic circuit systems shown are arranged in the same loudspeaker. The stiffness of the loudspeaker's vibration system exhibits a non-linear variation trend, such as... Figure 27 As shown in (a) of the image; in this loudspeaker, the stiffness of the air in its rear cavity also exhibits a non-linear variation trend, such as... Figure 27 As shown in (b) of the diagram. In the magnetic gaps formed by these three magnetic circuit systems, the voice coil in its natural state (i.e., at amplitude 0) corresponds to... The same; however, for these three magnetic circuit systems, The trends of change with amplitude differ. For example... Figure 27 As shown in (c) in the figure, for Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown, BL x The curve decays as the amplitude increases; for Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system shown, BL x The curve remains essentially unchanged as the amplitude increases; for Figure 22 The magnetic circuit system shown, BL x The curve rises as the amplitude increases.

[0191] Because different magnetic circuit systems have different magnetic field distributions, the forces acting on the voice coil will vary. Let F1 be the reaction force of the vibrating system on the voice coil, F2 be the reaction force of the air in the rear cavity on the voice coil, and F3 be the electromagnetic driving force on the voice coil. The resultant force on the voice coil will be a function of forces F1, F2, and F3. Let F0 be the actual value of this resultant force, and F0' be the ideal value.

[0192] Furthermore, Figure 28 The diagram illustrates the forces acting on the voice coil in a loudspeaker using three different magnetic circuit systems. Since the magnetic circuit system only affects the distribution of the magnetic field and does not affect the stiffness of the vibrating system or the stiffness of the air inside the rear cavity; therefore, as... Figure 28 As shown in (a) to (c), the magnetic circuit system only affects the trend of the electromagnetic driving force F3 on the voice coil, and does not affect the reaction force F1 of the vibration system on the voice coil or the reaction force F2 of the air in the rear cavity on the voice coil.

[0193] Depend on Figure 28 It can be seen that, compared to Figure 4 The magnetic circuit system shown, although employing Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system shown can make the electromagnetic driving force on the voice coil change linearly. However, when the stiffness of the vibration system and the air in the rear cavity both show a nonlinear trend, there is still a difference between the actual value F0 and the ideal value F0' of the resultant force on the voice coil, especially under large amplitude conditions.

[0194] Compared to Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system shown adopts Figure 22 The magnetic circuit system shown can compensate for the nonlinear trend of system stiffness through magnetic field distribution; even if the stiffness of the vibration system and the air in the rear cavity both show a nonlinear trend, the actual value F0 of the resultant force on the voice coil can still match the ideal value F0', thereby further reducing the distortion of the loudspeaker.

[0195] The above combination Figures 9 to 28 The magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application has been described by way of example. The following describes the connection structure in a loudspeaker for connecting the voice coil and the vibration system.

[0196] In some implementations, the loudspeaker may further include a first connecting assembly. This first connecting assembly may include: a first fixing part for connection to the loudspeaker's vibration system, a second fixing part for connection to the loudspeaker's vibration system, and a connecting rod connecting the first fixing part and the second fixing part. The connecting rod may pass through a port in the magnetic circuit system.

[0197] In some embodiments, the second fixing part may include a first annular structure and a second annular structure; at least one end of the voice coil may be disposed in the first annular structure; a connecting rod disposed through the port of the magnetic circuit system may be connected to the second annular structure, and the side of the voice coil may be disposed in the second annular structure.

[0198] In some other embodiments, the second fixing part may include a third annular structure; a connecting rod disposed through the port of the magnetic circuit system may be connected to the third annular structure, and the side of the voice coil may be disposed in the third annular structure.

[0199] It should be noted that the first, second, and third ring structures can be circular; or they can be other regular or irregular ring shapes, for example, their shapes can be approximately […]. Figure 18 The shapes shown in (b) to (e) are shown in the diagram.

[0200] The following combination Figures 29 to 33 The first connecting component is described exemplarily.

[0201] For example, Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of the first connecting component provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 29 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting component 701. Figure 29 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the connecting assembly in the GG section. Figure 29 (c) shows a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the connecting component 701 and the magnetic circuit system 100.

[0202] Reference Figure 29 The connecting component 701 may include a skeleton 710 and a skeleton 720.

[0203] The frame 710 may include an annular structure 711, an annular structure 712, and connecting rods 713 connecting the annular structures 711 and 712. The frame 710 may include a plurality of connecting rods 713 evenly arranged along its circumference to improve the uniformity of force on the voice coil. The annular structure 711 may be located above the annular structure 712 and can be used to connect to a vibration system.

[0204] The skeleton 720 is annular and may include an end portion 721 and a side portion 722. In the radial direction, its end portion 721 may protrude outward from its side portion 722; as... Figure 29 As shown, the end portion 721 can have a larger outer diameter than the side portion 722.

[0205] exist Figure 29 In the illustrated scheme, the end 721 of the frame 720 is located above its side 722, and the end 721 can be bent and pressed against the inner side of the connecting rod 713 to improve the strength of the entire connecting assembly. The voice coil 101 can be located below the annular structure 712, and its top end can be fixed to the annular structure 712; the side of the voice coil 101 can be located on the outer side of the frame 720.

[0206] For example, Figure 30 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 30 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting component 702. Figure 30(b) shows a schematic diagram of the connecting assembly in section HH. Figure 30 (c) shows a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the connecting component 702 and the magnetic circuit system 100.

[0207] Similar to connecting component 701, connecting component 702 may also include skeleton 710 and skeleton 720, such as Figure 30 As shown.

[0208] and Figure 29 The difference between the proposed scheme and the one shown is that, in Figure 30 In the illustrated scheme, the end 721 of the frame 720 is located below the side 722. The voice coil 101 can be located above the annular structure 712, and its bottom end can be fixed to the annular structure 712; the side of the voice coil 101 can be located on the outer surface of the frame 720.

[0209] exist Figure 29 and Figure 30 In the embodiments, the annular structure 712 may correspond to the first annular structure, and the skeleton 720 may correspond to the second annular structure. The annular structure 711 in the skeleton 710 may correspond to the first fixing part of the connecting component 701, and the part formed by the annular structure 712 and the skeleton 720 may correspond to the second fixing part of the component 701.

[0210] exist Figure 29 In the illustrated scheme, fixing the top of the voice coil 101 to the annular structure 712 of the frame 710 allows for a smaller size and weight of the frame 710, which is beneficial for improving the speaker's sensitivity. Figure 30 In the illustrated scheme, fixing the bottom of the voice coil 101 to the annular structure 712 of the frame 710 requires a larger volume and weight for the frame 710. Although this will lead to a decrease in speaker sensitivity, the frames 710 and 720 can enclose the voice coil, which helps to improve the strength of the fixation and improve reliability.

[0211] For example, Figure 31 This is another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component provided in the embodiments of this application. Wherein, Figure 31 Image (a) shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting component 703. Figure 31 (b) shows a schematic diagram of the connecting assembly in section II. Figure 31 (c) shows a schematic diagram of the relative positional relationship between the connecting component 703 and the magnetic circuit system 100.

[0212] Reference Figure 31 The connecting component 703 may include a skeleton 760 and a skeleton 770.

[0213] The frame 760 may include an annular structure 761 and a connecting rod 763 connected to and extending downward from the annular structure 761. With respect to frames 710 and 760, the annular structure 761 may correspond to the annular structure 711, and the connecting rod 763 may correspond to the connecting rod 713. That is, compared to frame 710, frame 760 eliminates the annular structure 712 located below it.

[0214] The connecting rod 713 may be provided with a concave structure such as a slot, and the end of the frame 770 may be provided with a convex structure that matches the concave structure, so that the frame 770 and the connecting rod 713 are fixedly connected.

[0215] exist Figure 31 In the illustrated scheme, the side of the voice coil 101 can be fixed around the frame 770, and the top of the frame 770 can be directly fixed to the connecting rod 713. In other implementations, the side of the voice coil 101 can be fixed around the frame 770, and the bottom of the frame 770 can be directly fixed to the connecting rod 713.

[0216] for example, Figure 32 The three-dimensional structure of the connecting component 704 and its schematic diagram at the JJ section are shown. Figure 32 As shown, although the connecting component 704 also uses the skeleton 760 and skeleton 770, it is different from... Figure 31 The difference in the shown scheme is that the connecting rod of the skeleton 770 is not connected to the top of the skeleton 770, but to the bottom of the skeleton 770.

[0217] In the above Figure 31 and Figure 32 In one embodiment, the ring-shaped skeleton 770 may correspond to the third ring structure.

[0218] The above combination Figures 29 to 32 The structure of the first connecting component has been illustrated by an example. In a specific implementation, the structure of the first connecting component may differ from... Figures 29 to 32 There are differences.

[0219] for example, Figure 33 Another structural schematic diagram of the first connecting component is shown. For example... Figure 33 As shown, the outer side of the voice coil 101 can be wrapped by the connecting component 705, and both ends of the voice coil 101 can be fixed to the connecting component 705. This method can further improve the fixing strength of the voice coil and improve the reliability of the loudspeaker. When setting the first connecting component between the loudspeaker's vibration system and the voice coil, the structure of the first connecting component can be flexibly set based on the requirements of the loudspeaker's space, power, and acoustic performance.

[0220] The above combination Figures 9 to 28The magnetic circuit system provided in the embodiments of this application has been described by way of example, and also in conjunction with Figures 29 to 33 An exemplary description is provided of the first connection assembly between the loudspeaker's vibration system and the voice coil. The following is combined with... Figure 34 The overall structure of the loudspeaker provided in the embodiments of this application is described exemplarily.

[0221] For example, Figure 34 This is a schematic diagram of a speaker structure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 34 Image (a) shows an exploded view of the speaker. Figure 34 (b) shows a schematic top view of the speaker. Figure 34 (c) shows a schematic diagram of the loudspeaker in section KK.

[0222] Reference Figure 34 The loudspeaker can be sequentially configured along the z-axis with: a dust cover 901, a diaphragm 902, a spider 903, a connecting assembly 705, a support frame 904, a magnetic circuit system 100, a rear shell 905, and bolts 906. The diaphragm 902 can be positioned above the connecting assembly 705. The spider 903 can support the connecting assembly 705 via the support frame 904. The lower end of the connecting assembly 705 can extend into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system 100 through a through slot.

[0223] exist Figure 34 The loudspeaker shown employs a magnetic circuit system. Figure 11 The magnetic circuit system 100 shown above, the speaker's vibration system is through Figure 33 The connecting component 705 shown is connected to the voice coil. In other implementations, the loudspeaker may employ... Figures 15 to 28 Any of the magnetic circuit systems shown can be used. Figures 29 to 32 Any of the connecting components connects the voice coil to the speaker's vibration system. Specific examples of the speaker's structure will not be provided here.

[0224] Furthermore, Figure 35 A schematic diagram of the temperature field distribution inside the loudspeaker is shown. Among them, Figure 35 Images (a) and (b) show the conditions at an ambient temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. o C) And with a speaker power of 70 watts, traditional speakers and Figure 34 The simulation results of the internal temperature distribution of the loudspeaker are shown.

[0225] For traditional loudspeakers, due to the poor heat dissipation of their magnetic circuit system, the temperature near the voice coil can reach up to 208 GHz during operation. o C, such as Figure 35 As shown in (a) of the diagram. And for...Figure 34 The speaker shown features a through-slot in its magnetic circuit system, which improves the convective heat dissipation efficiency of the magnetic circuit system, reducing the maximum temperature near the voice coil to 139°C. o C, such as Figure 35 As shown in (b) of the diagram.

[0226] In this embodiment of the application, by reducing the maximum temperature of the magnetic circuit system during operation, the reliability of the system can be improved and the risk of speaker failure can be reduced.

[0227] The above combination Figures 9 to 35 The speaker provided in the embodiments of this application is described by way of example.

[0228] This application also provides a magnetic circuit system. For example, such as... Figures 9 to 28 Any type of magnetic circuit system.

[0229] This application also provides a terminal device. For example, the terminal device may be a drone, a robot, or a vehicle.

[0230] The term "vehicle" in this application refers to vehicles in a broad sense, including transportation vehicles (such as commercial vehicles, passenger cars, motorcycles, flying cars, trains, etc.), industrial vehicles (such as forklifts, trailers, tractors, etc.), engineering vehicles (such as excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.), amusement vehicles, toy vehicles, etc. For example, vehicles in this application may include pure electric vehicles (pure electric vehicle / battery electric vehicle, pure EV / battery EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), range-extended electric vehicles (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), or new energy vehicles (NEV), etc.

[0231] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0233] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0234] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0235] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that, The magnetic circuit system of the loudspeaker includes a first component and a first magnetic conductive structure nested therewith. One of the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure includes a portion disposed near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the other of the first component and the first magnetic conductive structure includes a portion disposed near the center of the magnetic circuit system. The first sidewall of the first component and the second sidewall of the first magnetically conductive structure are disposed opposite to each other, and a magnetic gap is formed between the first sidewall and the second sidewall; The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected at the first end through the second magnetically conductive structure, so that the magnetic gap is closed at the first end by the second magnetically conductive structure. The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected at the second end by a third magnetically conductive structure, so that the magnetic gap at the second end is closed by the third magnetically conductive structure, wherein the first end and the second end are two ends arranged opposite to each other along the first direction; The first component includes a first magnet and a second magnet, which are respectively disposed close to the two opposite ends of the first component; The voice coil of the loudspeaker is disposed in the gap between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, and is disposed between the second magnetic conductive structure and the third magnetic conductive structure.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first component, the first magnet is disposed near the first end, and the second magnet is disposed near the second end; The first component further includes a fourth magnetically conductive structure disposed between the first magnet and the second magnet.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first magnet is disposed at the first end of the fourth magnetically conductive structure, and the fourth magnetically conductive structure is provided at the first end with a first flange portion for surrounding at least a portion of the side surface of the first magnet; The second magnet is disposed at the second end of the fourth magnetically conductive structure, and the fourth magnetically conductive structure is provided at the second end with a second flange portion for surrounding at least a portion of the side surface of the second magnet.

4. The loudspeaker according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, In a first region near the voice coil, there is a first gap between the first sidewall and the second sidewall; In a second region away from the voice coil, there is a second gap between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, the first gap being larger than the second gap.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The magnetization directions of the first magnet and the second magnet are two sub-directions pointing in opposite directions from the first direction.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first component includes a third end and a fourth end disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction; In the first component, the first magnet is disposed near the third end, and the second magnet is disposed near the fourth end; The magnetization directions of the first magnet and the second magnet are two opposite sub-directions in the second direction.

7. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The magnetic circuit system includes a first opening disposed on the third sidewall; The third sidewall is a sidewall in the first component that is disposed opposite to the first sidewall, and the first sidewall and the third sidewall are connected through the first opening; or... The third sidewall is the sidewall in the first magnetically conductive structure that is opposite to the second sidewall, and the second sidewall and the third sidewall are connected through the first port.

8. The loudspeaker according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third sidewall is provided with a plurality of first openings evenly distributed along the circumference.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second magnetically conductive structure is provided with a second port communicating with the first port, and the third magnetically conductive structure is provided with a third port communicating with the first port; The first port, the second port, and the third port constitute a through groove from the first end to the second end of the magnetic circuit system.

10. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The speaker also includes a first connection component; The first connecting assembly includes a first fixing part for connecting to the vibration system of the loudspeaker, a second fixing part for connecting to the voice coil, and a connecting rod connecting the first fixing part and the second fixing part; The speaker's vibration system includes a vibrating plate, and the connecting rod passes through the opening of the first component or the first magnetic structure.

11. The loudspeaker according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second fixing part includes a first annular structure and a second annular structure; At least one end of the voice coil is disposed in the first annular structure, and the first annular structure is connected to the connecting rod; The side portion of the voice coil is disposed in the second annular structure.

12. The loudspeaker according to claim 11, characterized in that, The second fixing part includes a third annular structure; The side portion of the voice coil is disposed on the third annular structure, and the third annular structure is connected to the connecting rod.

13. The loudspeaker according to claim 10, characterized in that, The magnetic circuit system includes a first opening disposed on a third sidewall, the third sidewall being part of the first component or the first magnetic conductive structure, and the connecting rod passing through the first opening.

14. The loudspeaker according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first magnetically conductive structure is disposed near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the first component is disposed near the center of the magnetic circuit system.

15. A magnetic circuit system, characterized in that, The magnetic circuit system includes a first component and a first magnetically conductive structure nested therewith. One of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure includes a portion disposed near the edge of the magnetic circuit system, and the other of the first component and the first magnetically conductive structure includes a portion disposed near the center of the magnetic circuit system. The first sidewall of the first component and the second sidewall of the first magnetically conductive structure are disposed opposite to each other, and a magnetic gap is formed between the first sidewall and the second sidewall; The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected at the first end through the second magnetically conductive structure, so that the magnetic gap is closed at the first end by the second magnetically conductive structure. The first component and the first magnetically conductive structure are connected at the second end by a third magnetically conductive structure, so that the magnetic gap at the second end is closed by the third magnetically conductive structure, wherein the first end and the second end are two ends arranged opposite to each other along the first direction; The first component includes a first magnet and a second magnet, which are respectively disposed close to the two opposite ends of the first component; The voice coil is disposed in the gap between the first sidewall and the second sidewall, and between the second magnetic conductive structure and the third magnetic conductive structure.

16. A terminal device, characterized in that, It includes a loudspeaker as described in any one of claims 1 to 14, or a magnetic circuit system as described in claim 15.

17. The terminal device according to claim 16, characterized in that, The terminal equipment includes robots, drones, or vehicles.

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