A 6g-based power grid communication method, device and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on 6G power grid communication method, equipment and system, belong to wireless communication and smart grid technical field.The method includes: through the perception of power grid service flow, it is accurately mapped to protection control, acquisition monitoring, mobile inspection etc. Special network slice;Ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliable transmission are realized by using terahertz and intelligent metasurface technology in air interface;Computing tasks are dynamically offloaded to optimal edge nodes by computing power routing to realize local rapid decision-making;Real-time perception and intelligent linkage of power grid facility state are realized by using 6G sensing and computing integrated capability;And endogenous security mechanism such as physical layer security and block chain is introduced to ensure communication security.The corresponding equipment and system are used to realize the method.The application solves the problem that existing power grid communication technology cannot meet the demand of new power system in massive connection, ultra-low latency, ultra-high reliability, intelligent endogenous and other aspects, and provides a solid information infrastructure for building future intelligent power grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the intersection of wireless communication and smart grid technologies, and in particular to a power grid communication method, corresponding terminal equipment, network equipment and system based on sixth-generation mobile communication technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening of the energy revolution, the power grid is evolving towards a new type of power system dominated by new energy sources. This system is characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy integration, a high proportion of power electronic equipment application, diversified loads, and a high degree of digitalization and intelligence. This places unprecedentedly stringent requirements on the power grid's communication system: 1) Massive connectivity: The number of terminals that need to be connected has surged, extending from traditional power plants and substations to massive distributed photovoltaic, wind power, energy storage units, electric vehicle charging piles, smart homes and sensors, with a connection density of up to millions per square kilometer.

[0003] 2) Extremely low latency: For critical power grid services such as differential protection and precise load control, the end-to-end communication latency requirement is less than 1 millisecond, or even sub-millisecond.

[0004] 3) Ultra-high reliability: The communication reliability requirement for protection and control services is 99.9999% or higher. Any interruption may lead to catastrophic consequences.

[0005] 4) Huge bandwidth: Power grid panoramic perception (such as 4K / 8K video backhaul from inspection drones and distributed phasor measurement of lines) requires peak rates of up to tens of Gbps.

[0006] 5) Deeply integrated computing and sensing capabilities: The future power grid will not only need communication, but also edge computing capabilities for localized intelligent decision-making, and use communication signals for environmental sensing (such as icing of transmission lines and detection of foreign object intrusion).

[0007] Existing power grid communication technologies, such as fiber optic communication, power line carrier, and 4G / 5G public or private networks, cannot simultaneously meet all the above requirements. Although fiber optic communication offers high bandwidth and reliability, it suffers from high deployment costs, long deployment cycles, and poor flexibility, making it difficult to cover all distribution-side nodes. 4G / 5G technology has bottlenecks in terms of connection count, latency, and uplink bandwidth, and cannot support the extreme future service demands of the power grid.

[0008] The sixth-generation mobile communication technology is a new generation of communication technology oriented towards 2030 and beyond. Its key performance indicators have been improved by orders of magnitude compared to 5G, and it introduces a new paradigm of integrated communication, sensing, and computing. However, how to deeply integrate the technical characteristics of 6G with the special business needs of the power grid, and design a complete and feasible communication method, equipment, and system to solve the communication bottlenecks faced by the new power system, is a technical problem that the industry urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a 6G-based power grid communication method, device and system, which aims to achieve massive connectivity, extremely low latency, ultra-high reliability, ultra-large bandwidth and intelligent endogenous capabilities in power grid communication, so as to meet the communication needs of new power systems in various complex scenarios.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a 6G-based power grid communication method, applied to a communication system including a 6G terminal, a 6G access network, and a 6G core network, wherein the 6G terminal is deployed in the power generation, transmission, transformation, distribution, or consumption links of the power grid, and the method includes: Step 01: Service Awareness and Slice Matching. The service awareness module on the 6G terminal or network side performs deep packet inspection and feature analysis on the power grid service flow to identify the service type and its quality of service requirements; based on the service type, it maps it to a preset 6G network slice instance optimized for the specific power grid service. The network slice includes at least: Protection and control slice: Provides end-to-end communication guarantee with latency <1ms and reliability >99.9999% for relay protection and safety and stability control services, using pre-configured dedicated resources, scheduling-free transmission and ultra-high redundancy coding.

[0011] Data acquisition and monitoring slices: Provides large-scale connectivity and medium-to-low speed communication guarantees for smart meter data acquisition and substation monitoring data upload, supporting non-orthogonal multiple access and deep coverage.

[0012] Mobile inspection slice: Provides communication assurance for inspection drones and robots with ultra-high bandwidth (>10Gbps) and continuous low-altitude coverage, and supports integrated sensing and communication functions.

[0013] Emergency communication slicing: When power grid failures or natural disasters cause local communication disruptions, temporary networks can be quickly built using drones or ground mobile base stations to provide dynamic and self-organizing communication capabilities.

[0014] Step 02: Enhanced Air Interface Transmission. In the protection control slice, an enhanced air interface transmission scheme based on the terahertz band and intelligent metasurfaces is adopted; specifically including: By configuring intelligent metasurfaces on base stations and power terminals, one or more high-gain, low-interference line-of-sight transmission paths can be constructed for critical protection and control service flows through intelligent regulation of electromagnetic waves.

[0015] A hybrid coding scheme based on the concatenation of polar codes and low-density parity-check codes is adopted, and optimization is made for the short packet characteristics of power grid control commands to improve the decoding success rate and reliability under extremely low signal-to-noise ratio.

[0016] An AI-based channel prediction and resource reservation mechanism is adopted to predict short-term changes in channel quality and pre-allocate wireless resources before service data arrives, thus avoiding latency caused by dynamic scheduling.

[0017] Step 03: Computing Power Routing and Edge Collaboration. For power grid services requiring rapid local decision-making, the computing power routing module of the 6G core network dynamically selects the optimal edge node for processing based on service latency requirements, terminal location, and the load status of edge computing nodes. Specifically, this includes: In the differential protection service for power distribution lines, the calculation tasks are routed to the edge server near the terminals at both ends of the line to perform current differential calculation and fault judgment. The processing results directly generate protection action commands on the edge side without needing to be transmitted back to the cloud master station.

[0018] Multiple edge servers are connected to form an edge computing cluster via high-bandwidth, low-latency links in a 6G network, sharing data and computing resources to collaboratively handle power grid monitoring and optimization control tasks distributed over a wide area.

[0019] Step 04: Integrated Application of Sensing, Communication, and Computing. Utilizing 6G signals for power grid facility status and environmental sensing, and coordinating with communication and computing functions. Specifically, this includes: 6G terminals or base stations deployed on power transmission towers transmit integrated sensing signals. By analyzing the echo signals reflected by targets (such as conductors, insulators, and surrounding trees), artificial intelligence algorithms are used to extract features, enabling real-time perception of power transmission line sag, temperature, ice thickness, and foreign object intrusion.

[0020] The sensing results are transmitted and calculated on the same 6G network as the power grid business flow. When an anomaly is detected (such as increased conductor galloping), a high-definition video inspection slice is automatically triggered, and nearby drones are dispatched to conduct close-range verification. The video stream is then transmitted back via the mobile inspection slice.

[0021] Step 05: Intrinsic Security and Trust Enhancement. Introduce intrinsic security mechanisms throughout the entire communication process; specifically including: The root key is generated by leveraging the non-clonable physical layer feature of 6G terminals and network devices to establish a physical layer security foundation for each communication session.

[0022] Based on blockchain technology, a distributed identity management and authentication system is built within the 6G core network to perform lightweight, tamper-proof identity authentication and access control for a massive number of power terminals.

[0023] By using AI-powered anomaly detection in network traffic, we can identify network attacks targeting the power grid, such as fake data injection and denial-of-service attacks, in real time, and then dynamically isolate and defend against them.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention provides a 6G terminal device for implementing the above method, deployed in a power grid, comprising: Power grid business interface module: used to connect power equipment and collect or receive power business data.

[0025] 6G communication module: It integrates a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency unit, supports terahertz communication and intelligent metasurface-assisted communication, and is used for wireless communication with the 6G access network.

[0026] Service awareness and slice selection module: This module performs feature analysis on the data received from the power grid service interface module and selects the corresponding 6G network slice for access and data transmission based on the analysis results.

[0027] Local computing and storage module: It has certain computing and storage capabilities and is used to perform lightweight edge computing tasks or cache data.

[0028] Integrated sensing module: Optional module used to transmit and receive integrated sensing signals to realize the perception of local environment or device status.

[0029] Thirdly, the present invention provides a 6G network device, including a 6G access network device and a 6G core network device, wherein: The 6G access network equipment includes a base station and an intelligent metasurface unit; the base station is equipped with an AI channel predictor and a resource pre-allocator for performing the air interface enhanced transmission; the intelligent metasurface unit is deployed in key areas of the power grid and is controlled by the base station for reconstructing the wireless propagation environment.

[0030] The 6G core network equipment includes: Network slice management function: responsible for the creation, maintenance, resource allocation and lifecycle management of various power grid slices.

[0031] Computing power routing function: It integrates a computing power resource discovery and routing strategy engine to route computing tasks to the optimal edge nodes according to the needs of power grid business.

[0032] Integrated control function for communication, sensing and computing: used to coordinate the joint scheduling of communication, sensing and computing resources, process sensing information from terminals and trigger corresponding service flows.

[0033] Endogenous security engine: It integrates physical layer key generation, blockchain authentication and AI intrusion detection functions to provide comprehensive security protection for power grid communication.

[0034] Fourthly, the present invention provides a 6G-based power grid communication system, comprising: The aforementioned multiple 6G terminal devices.

[0035] The 6G network equipment described above.

[0036] One or more power business master stations / cloud centers.

[0037] Multiple edge computing nodes distributed throughout the power grid.

[0038] The system, through the methods described above, forms an intelligent power grid information infrastructure that integrates communication, sensing, computing, and security.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: 1) Extreme performance guarantee: Through business awareness and precise slicing, terahertz and intelligent metasurface enhanced air interface technology, it provides sub-millisecond latency and seven nines ultra-high reliability for the most demanding protection and control services of the power grid, solving the pain points that existing technologies cannot meet.

[0040] 2) Maximize resource efficiency: Network slicing enables "one network for multiple uses", providing logically isolated virtual private networks for differentiated power grid services on a single physical 6G network, which ensures performance and improves the utilization of spectrum and network resources.

[0041] 3) Intelligence and autonomy: By introducing computing power routing and integrated communication and sensing, the power grid communication system has local intelligent decision-making and proactive environmental perception capabilities, realizing the transformation from "passive communication" to "proactive service" and improving the power grid's situational awareness and self-healing capabilities.

[0042] 4) Solid foundation of security and trust: Through inherent security mechanisms such as physical layer security and blockchain authentication, a comprehensive trust system from hardware to application layer has been built to effectively resist advanced persistent threats to critical power infrastructure.

[0043] 5) High flexibility and scalability: The system architecture is open and easy to integrate with new power grid services and 6G technologies. The introduction of emergency communication slicing greatly enhances the communication resilience of the power grid under extreme conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of a 6G-based power grid communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2This is a flowchart of a 6G-based power grid communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a 6G terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of a 6G network device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Example 1

[0049] refer to Figure 1 This illustrates the overall architecture of a 6G-based power grid communication system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system 100 includes: Massive 6G terminal devices 101: Deployed on wind turbines, photovoltaic inverters, substation circuit breakers, power distribution automation terminals, smart meters, electric vehicle charging piles, inspection drones, and other equipment.

[0050] 6G Access Network 102: Composed of macro base stations, micro base stations, and a large number of intelligent metasurface units deployed on transmission towers and substation walls, it achieves seamless coverage of the entire power grid.

[0051] 6G Core Network 103: Deployed in regional data centers, it includes network slicing management functions, computing power routing functions, integrated control functions of communication, sensing and computing, and an inherent security engine.

[0052] Edge computing node 104: Deployed in provincial and regional dispatch centers, important substations, or aggregation points to provide localized computing capabilities.

[0053] Power Business Main Station / Cloud Center 105: Responsible for network-wide monitoring, analysis, and optimization.

[0054] refer to Figure 2 The execution flow of this method in a specific differential protection scenario for a power distribution line is as follows: 1) S101: Business awareness and slice matching.

[0055] The 6G terminal equipment 101 (integrated in the distribution terminal unit) deployed at both ends of the power distribution line (points A and B) collects current transformer data from the line. The service awareness module within the terminal identifies this as a "differential protection" service, which has extremely low latency and ultra-high reliability requirements. Subsequently, the terminal requests access to the "protection control slice" pre-created for it through the initial access process.

[0056] 2) S102: Enhanced air interface transmission.

[0057] The intelligent metasurface integrated on base station 1022 and terminal 101 is activated. Through beamforming technology, a strong line-of-sight link is built for the protection data stream between points A and B, effectively avoiding obstruction and interference caused by buildings, etc.

[0058] The terminal encapsulates the collected current sample values ​​into short data packets and encodes them using hybrid channel coding (such as Polar+LDPC) optimized for service protection.

[0059] The AI ​​channel predictor on the base station side predicts that the channel quality will be stable within the next 1ms based on historical channel state information, and therefore pre-allocates uplink licensed resources to the two terminals. Once the data is ready, the terminals do not need to send scheduling requests and can directly use the pre-allocated resources for "scheduling-free" transmission, which greatly reduces air interface latency.

[0060] 3) S103: Computing power routing and edge collaboration.

[0061] After the protection data packets from terminals A and B are transmitted to the base station via the 6G air interface, they are sent into the 6G core network 103. Based on the extremely low processing latency (e.g., <10ms) required by the differential protection service and combined with the geographical location information of terminals A and B, the computing power routing function determines that routing the computing task to an edge computing node located in a nearby substation is the optimal choice.

[0062] Therefore, the current data from terminals A and B are synchronously sent to the edge node. This node runs a differential protection algorithm, which calculates the vector difference between the currents at both ends in real time. When a fault is detected within the zone, the edge node immediately generates a trip command and sends it directly to the circuit breaker terminals at both ends of the line via the 6G network, completing fault isolation. The end-to-end latency of the entire process is strictly controlled within 1ms (communication) + 1ms (calculation) = 2ms, fully meeting the protection requirements. Traditional solutions, on the other hand, require data to be transmitted back to the master station 105, resulting in latency far exceeding the requirements.

[0063] 4) S104: Integrated application of induction and computing.

[0064] 6G base stations deployed in the same area periodically transmit integrated sensing signals. These signals illuminate the power distribution lines and generate echoes. The base stations receive and analyze the echoes, and through AI algorithms, they can detect minute vibrations in the lines (potentially caused by fault arcing).

[0065] When abnormal vibration is detected, the integrated sensing and computing control function will associate this event with the differential protection service. It may not interfere with the ongoing protection action, but it will trigger a "refined inspection" task, dispatching a nearby inspection drone to the suspected fault point, using its onboard high-definition camera to take pictures for confirmation, and transmitting the video stream back through "mobile inspection slices" to provide maintenance personnel with intuitive on-site information.

[0066] 5) S105: Enhanced intrinsic security and trust.

[0067] Throughout the communication process, the terminal and base station utilize the reciprocity of the wireless channel to generate a shared physical layer key for encrypting and protecting data. Simultaneously, when the terminal accesses the network, its identity credentials (such as device serial number and digital certificate) have been verified by a blockchain-based authentication center, ensuring the legitimacy of the accessing device. The network-side's inherent security engine continuously monitors traffic within the protected slice to prevent the injection of any abnormal data packets. Example 2

[0068] refer to Figure 3 This illustrates the structure of a 6G terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the device can be a communication and computing unit integrated into an inspection drone, comprising: Power grid business interface module: connects the drone's flight control system and camera, and receives flight status data and high-definition video streams.

[0069] 6G communication module: Supports terahertz frequency band, provides ultra-large bandwidth, and is used for uploading 8K video streams.

[0070] Business Awareness and Slice Selection Module: Identifies video stream services and automatically selects the "Mobile Inspection Slice" to access.

[0071] Local computing and storage module: It can perform preliminary AI analysis on video streams, such as identifying insulator damage, and only upload alarm information and key images to reduce network load.

[0072] Integrated sensor module: Enables drones not only to communicate, but also to use 6G signals to sense their relative position to power lines, achieving autonomous obstacle avoidance and precise hovering inspection.

[0073] refer to Figure 4 This illustrates the functional modules of a 6G network device according to an embodiment of the present invention, particularly a 6G core network device. It includes: Network slice management function: responsible for creating and managing multiple slices for the power grid.

[0074] Computing power routing function: Based on the needs of power grid business, dynamically decide to allocate computing tasks to edge node 104 or cloud center 105.

[0075] Integrated control function of communication, sensing and computing: Receives sensing information from base stations and terminals, and schedules communication and computing resources accordingly.

[0076] Intrinsic security engine: Provides comprehensive security protection from the physical layer to the application layer.

[0077] In summary, the complete 6G-based power grid communication solution provided by this invention can effectively address the communication challenges faced by new power systems, such as massive connectivity, extremely low latency, and ultra-high reliability, and endow the power grid with inherent sensing, computing, and security capabilities, thus possessing extremely high practical value and broad application prospects.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 6G-based power grid communication method, applied to a communication system including a 6G terminal, a 6G access network, and a 6G core network, characterized in that, The method includes: Service awareness and slice matching steps: The service awareness function module on the 6G terminal or network side performs deep packet inspection and feature analysis on the power grid service flow to identify the service type and its quality of service requirements; identify the service type and map it to a preset 6G network slice instance optimized for power grid services; Enhanced air interface transmission steps: In low-latency power grid service slices, an enhanced air interface transmission scheme based on the terahertz band and intelligent metasurfaces is adopted. Computing power routing and edge collaboration steps: For power grid services that require local decision-making, the computing power routing function of the 6G core network dynamically selects edge nodes for processing based on service latency requirements, terminal location, and load status of edge computing nodes; In the computing power routing and edge collaboration step, the computing task of the power distribution line differential protection service is routed to the edge server near the terminals at both ends of the line to perform current differential calculation and fault judgment. The processing result directly generates protection action instructions on the edge side without needing to be transmitted back to the cloud main station. Multiple edge servers are connected to form an edge computing cluster through the high bandwidth and low latency links of the 6G network, sharing data and computing resources, and collaboratively processing power grid monitoring and optimization control tasks distributed over a wide area. The steps of the integrated application of sensing, computing, and communication are as follows: use 6G signals to sense the status of power grid facilities and the environment, and transmit and calculate the sensing results and power grid business flows in the same 6G network; The steps for the integrated application of induction and computing specifically include: 6G terminals or base stations deployed on power transmission towers transmit integrated sensing signals. By analyzing the echo signals reflected from targets, they can achieve real-time perception of power transmission line sag, temperature, ice thickness, and foreign object intrusion. The perception results are transmitted and calculated in the same 6G network as the power grid business flow. When an anomaly is detected, a high-definition video inspection slice is automatically triggered, and nearby drones are dispatched for close-range verification.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network slicing examples include: Protection and control slice: Provides end-to-end communication guarantee with latency <1ms and reliability >99.9999% for relay protection and safety and stability control services, using pre-configured dedicated resources, scheduling-free transmission and ultra-high redundancy coding; Data acquisition and monitoring slices: Provides large-scale connectivity and medium-to-low speed communication guarantees for smart meter data acquisition and substation monitoring data upload, supporting non-orthogonal multiple access and deep coverage; Mobile inspection slicing: Provides communication assurance for inspection drones and robots with ultra-high bandwidth >10Gbps and continuous low-altitude coverage, and supports integrated sensing and communication functions; Emergency communication slicing: When power grid failures or natural disasters cause local communication disruptions, temporary networks can be quickly built using drones or ground mobile base stations to provide dynamic and self-organizing communication capabilities.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The air interface enhanced transmission steps specifically include: Configuring intelligent metasurfaces on base stations and power terminals to construct one or more high-gain, low-interference line-of-sight transmission paths for service flows; A hybrid coding scheme based on the concatenation of polar codes and low-density parity-check codes is adopted, and optimization is performed to address the short packet characteristics of power grid control commands. An AI-based channel prediction and resource reservation mechanism is adopted to pre-allocate wireless resources before service data arrives.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes intrinsic security and trust enhancement steps, specifically including: Root keys are generated by utilizing the non-clonable physical layer features of 6G terminals and network devices to establish a physical layer security foundation for each communication session. Based on blockchain technology, a distributed identity management and authentication system is built to perform lightweight, tamper-proof identity authentication and access control on a massive number of power terminals; By using AI-powered anomaly detection in network traffic, we can identify and defend against network attacks in real time.

5. A 6G terminal device, used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-4, deployed in a power grid, characterized in that, include: The power grid business interface module is used to connect power equipment and collect or receive power business data. The 6G communication module integrates a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency unit, and is used for wireless communication with the 6G access network. The service awareness and slice selection module is used to perform feature analysis on the data received from the power grid service interface module, and select the corresponding 6G network slice for access and data transmission based on the analysis results.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The local computing and storage module is used to perform lightweight edge computing tasks or cache data; The integrated sensing module is used to transmit and receive integrated sensing signals to realize the perception of the local environment or equipment status.

7. A 6G network device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, This includes 6G access network equipment and 6G core network equipment; The 6G access network equipment includes a base station and a smart metasurface unit; the base station is equipped with an AI channel predictor and a resource pre-allocator; The intelligent metasurface unit is deployed in a designated area of ​​the power grid, controlled by the base station, and used to reconstruct the wireless propagation environment; the 6G core network equipment includes: The network slice management function is responsible for the creation, maintenance, and resource allocation of various power grid slices; The computing power routing function is used to route computing tasks to the optimal edge nodes according to the needs of power grid operations; The integrated control function of communication, sensing, and computing is used to coordinate the joint scheduling of communication, sensing, and computing resources.

8. A 6G-based power grid communication system, operating by the method described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Multiple 6G terminal devices as described in claim 5 or 6; The 6G network device as described in claim 7; One or more power business master stations / cloud centers; Multiple edge computing nodes distributed throughout the power grid.

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