A method for well condition transparency based on smart plunger

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on intelligent plunger gas well state transparent method, comprising: one, the wellhead blowout preventer of gas gathering tree is reformed, signal receiving antenna is arranged outside the metal closed cavity of blowout preventer main body, for receiving plunger in the gas well state data in production whole process;Two: according to the detection signal of motion sensor, and in combination with the frequency of high frequency crystal oscillator module inside intelligent plunger, plunger motion state in gas well state parameter is calculated;Three: based on the detection signal of pressure sensor, pressure gradient in gas well state parameter is calculated;Four: based on the detection signal of temperature sensor, temperature gradient in gas well state parameter is calculated;Five: according to the calculation result of step two to four, liquid level in gas well state parameter is calculated;Six: according to the calculation result of step five in the well depth in early drilling process, liquid accumulation depth in gas well state parameter is calculated.The present application improves the interaction ability of signal and improves the analysis level of gas well state parameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates, and in particular, to a method for making the status of a gas well transparent based on a smart plunger. Background Technology

[0002] With the accelerated transformation of the global energy structure, the importance of natural gas as a clean energy source is becoming increasingly prominent. However, gas wells in the later stages of development generally face problems such as wellbore fluid accumulation, decreased production capacity, and low management efficiency. Traditional manual management methods suffer from drawbacks such as delayed parameter adjustments, high labor intensity, and high costs. Therefore, plunger-based drainage and gas production enhancement systems have gradually become a means of increasing natural gas well production. For traditional plunger-based gas lift processes, due to the inability to monitor information such as the plunger's movement state, pressure gradient changes, temperature gradient changes, fluid level position, and fluid depth within the gas well, the internal state of the gas well remains unknown and opaque. A fixed production mode can only be established by setting fixed well opening and closing information. However, as the production process continues, gas well production parameters change continuously, rendering the fixed production mode inapplicable. Manually readjusting the gas well production mode significantly increases the workload of personnel, and the uncertainty of manual parameter analysis standards leads to inconsistencies in the final production mode adjustment standards, making it impossible to unify various technical aspects of the gas well production process. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a gas well status transparency technology that can fully record, transmit, and analyze the internal status parameters of the gas well, providing information on the internal plunger movement status, pressure gradient, temperature gradient, liquid level, and liquid depth. This would provide a data analysis basis for staff to monitor and adjust the gas well production system, thereby achieving dynamic and intelligent management of the gas well.

[0003] The process of making gas well status transparent is mainly limited by the following aspects: (1) Poor signal interaction capability: Due to the mechanical structure requirements of gas wells, the intelligent plunger works in a metal shielded cavity, making it difficult to achieve real-time interaction of key parameters such as formation pressure and fluid distribution in the gas well, thus failing to provide a data basis for the realization of gas well status transparency.

[0004] (2) Low level of gas well status parameter analysis: Existing technology can only record two types of gas well data: pressure and temperature. It cannot record, calculate and analyze transparent gas well status parameters such as plunger movement status, pressure gradient, temperature gradient, liquid level, and liquid depth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a method for making gas well status transparent based on intelligent plungers.

[0006] The above-mentioned objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for making gas well status transparent based on a smart plunger, wherein the smart plunger integrates a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a motion sensor, which are used to detect the temperature of the smart plunger itself, the pressure it experiences, and the acceleration of its own motion, respectively. The control system inside the smart plunger integrates a high-efficiency computing module, which is used to calculate the motion state of the plunger, the pressure gradient in the gas well status parameters, the liquid level height in the gas well status parameters, and the liquid depth in the gas well status parameters. The method for making the gas well status transparent includes the following steps: Step 1: Modify the blowout preventer at the gas production tree wellhead and install a signal receiving antenna outside the metal sealed cavity of the blowout preventer body to wirelessly receive gas well status data of the plunger throughout the entire production process. Step 2: Based on the detection signal from the motion sensor and the frequency of the high-frequency crystal oscillator module inside the intelligent plunger, the plunger motion state in the gas well state parameters is calculated by the efficient calculation module. Step 3: Based on the detection signal from the pressure sensor, the pressure gradient in the gas well state parameters is calculated by the high-efficiency calculation module. The pressure gradient is divided into the pressure gradient based on the movement time interval and the pressure gradient based on the movement distance. Step 4: Based on the detection signal from the temperature sensor, calculate the temperature gradient in the gas well state parameters using a high-efficiency calculation module; Step 5: Based on the calculation results from Steps 2 to 4, calculate the liquid level in the gas well state parameters; Step Six: Based on the well depth obtained during the previous drilling process and the calculation results in Step Five, calculate the liquid accumulation depth in the gas well status parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, in step one, an extension tube is installed on the outer wall of the blowout preventer body. The extension tube is connected to the inner cavity of the blowout preventer body. An antenna mounting sleeve is fitted onto the extension tube. Multiple mounting holes are set along the circumference on the antenna mounting sleeve. A hollow structure is adopted on the tube wall of the extension tube corresponding to the position of each mounting hole. A data receiving module is fixedly installed at each mounting hole position, which serves as a signal receiving antenna.

[0008] Furthermore, in step two, the frequency of the high-frequency crystal oscillator module is set to... F Therefore, the time interval between the measurement and recording of gas well status information by the intelligent plunger during the entire production process is a fixed value, which is: Internal motion sensor in the first i The acceleration at time t is Throughout the entire production process, n The set of accelerations of the individual plungers is: In thei velocity at time t With distance of movement They are respectively: when hour, , ; Throughout the entire production process, n The set of the velocity and distance traveled by each plunger is: .

[0009] Furthermore, in step three, the pressure gradient based on the motion time interval is... The pressure gradient with respect to the distance traveled is ;in, For the wellhead oil pressure of the gas well, the step described in step two... i Pressure changes over time intervals The internal pressure of the gas well is described in step two. i Pressure changes within a movement distance interval; This indicates the degree of energy recovery in a gas well; a higher value indicates a faster energy recovery rate and more abundant formation energy. It indicates the change in pressure gradient inside the gas well, which can be used to determine the location and depth of internal slug flow, liquid level, and liquid level. Based on the wellhead gas production tree oil pressure gauge at the first i Oil pressure collected at all times The obtained number i Each element is specifically represented as: Based on the internal pressure sensor of the smart plunger, in the... i The internal pressure of the gas well obtained from the distance of movement The obtained number i Each element is specifically represented as: The first of the differences in movement distance i Each element can be specifically represented as: .

[0010] Moreover, in step four, the first i If the temperature value collected at any time is Then the temperature gradient For the following set, the firsti One element: .

[0011] Furthermore, in step five, the liquid level consists of the gas medium above the liquid surface and the liquid medium below the liquid surface, and the abrupt change in the medium at the liquid surface manifests as a pressure gradient within the gas well. abrupt changes and temperature gradients Changes; if The mutation time is , The change begins at the time when The time when the change ends is The time corresponding to the liquid level during the piston's movement is... for: The next calculation is as follows: Then in step two, the set With sets Find the corresponding number The elements are respectively and ,gather The first in The elements are The corresponding liquid level height for: .

[0012] Furthermore, in step six, the well depth in the drilling data during the initial drilling process is set to... The depth of liquid accumulation in the gas well for: .

[0013] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention, by setting a signal receiving antenna on the outside of the blowout preventer body and integrating a temperature sensor, pressure sensor and motion sensor inside the plunger, and the signal receiving antenna communicating wirelessly with the control unit inside the plunger, breaks through the limitation of the intelligent plunger working in a metal shielded cavity, realizes real-time interaction of key parameters such as formation pressure and fluid distribution in the gas well, and improves the signal interaction capability.

[0014] 2. This invention enables the calculation, analysis, and recording of transparent parameters of gas well status, such as plunger motion state, pressure gradient, temperature gradient, liquid level, and liquid depth, thereby improving the level of gas well status parameter analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modification of the main body of the blowout preventer of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The structure of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] For a method to make gas well status transparent based on smart plungers, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The invention is that the intelligent plunger integrates a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a motion sensor, which are used to detect the temperature of the intelligent plunger itself, the pressure it experiences, and the acceleration of its own movement, respectively. The control system inside the intelligent plunger integrates a high-efficiency computing module, which is used to calculate the plunger's motion state, the pressure gradient in the gas well state parameters, the liquid level height in the gas well state parameters, and the liquid depth in the gas well state parameters. The method for making the gas well status transparent includes the following steps: Step 1: Modify the blowout preventer (BOP) at the gas production tree wellhead. An extension pipe 2 is installed on the outer wall of the BOP body 1, communicating with the inner cavity of the BOP body. An antenna mounting sleeve 3 is fitted onto the extension pipe. Multiple mounting holes are provided circumferentially on the antenna mounting sleeve. A perforated structure is used on the wall of the extension pipe corresponding to each mounting hole. A data receiving module 4 is fixedly installed at each mounting hole, acting as a signal receiving antenna. This ensures the signal receiving antenna is located outside the metal-sealed cavity of the BOP body, used to receive gas well status data during the entire production process, achieving transparency of the gas well status. The BOP modification results are shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown.

[0018] Step Two: Record the plunger motion status in the gas well status parameters. The intelligent plunger contains a high-frequency crystal oscillator module and a high-precision motion sensor. Set the frequency of the high-frequency crystal oscillator module to [value missing]. F Therefore, the time interval between the measurement and recording of gas well status information by the intelligent plunger during the entire production process is a fixed value, which is: Internal motion sensor in the first i The acceleration at time t is Throughout the entire production process, n The set of accelerations of the individual plungers is: In the i velocity at time t With distance of movement They are respectively: when hour, , .

[0019] Throughout the entire production process, n The set of the velocity and distance traveled by each plunger is: .

[0020] Step 3: Calculate the pressure gradient in the gas well state parameters. The pressure gradient is divided into pressure gradient based on the time interval of motion. Pressure gradient with distance of movement .in, For the wellhead oil pressure of the gas well, the step described in step two... i Pressure changes over time intervals The internal pressure of the gas well is described in step two. i Pressure changes within a movement distance interval. This indicates the degree of energy recovery in a gas well; a higher value indicates a faster energy recovery rate and more abundant formation energy. It indicates the change in pressure gradient inside the gas well, and can be used to determine the location and depth of internal slug flow, liquid level, and liquid level. Based on the wellhead gas production tree oil pressure gauge at the first i Oil pressure collected at all times The obtained number i Each element is specifically represented as: Based on the internal pressure sensor of the smart plunger, in the... i The internal pressure of the gas well obtained from the distance of movement The obtained number i Each element is specifically represented as: The first of the differences in movement distance i Each element can be specifically represented as: Ultimately, the method described in this step can be used to obtain an indicator of the degree of energy recovery in the gas well. It can determine the internal slug flow, the position of the accumulated liquid level, and the depth of the accumulated liquid level. .

[0021] Step 4: Calculate the temperature gradient in the gas well condition parameters. The internal temperature gradient of a gas well is only related to the geology and formation depth of the well. Due to the different states of the gas and liquid media inside the gas well, a temperature gradient change will occur at the gas-liquid interface, but the temperature change process is a non-abrupt quantity. Therefore, the temperature gradient is a redundant discriminant for determining the position of the plug flow and the liquid level in the gas well. The temperature measurement results in the gas well condition are mainly based on the internal temperature sensor of the intelligent plunger. i If the temperature value collected at any time is Then the temperature gradient For the following set, the first i One element: .

[0022] Step 5: Calculate the liquid level in the gas well condition parameters. The liquid level consists of the gas medium above the surface and the liquid medium below the surface. The abrupt change in the medium at the liquid level manifests as the pressure gradient within the gas well. abrupt changes and temperature gradients The change. If The mutation time is , The change begins at the time when The time when the change ends is The time corresponding to the liquid level during the piston's movement is... for: The next calculation is as follows: Then in step two, the set With sets Find the corresponding number The elements are respectively and ,gather The first in The elements are The corresponding liquid level height for: Step Six: Calculate the fluid accumulation depth in the gas well condition parameters. During the initial drilling process, if the well depth in the drilling data is... As described in step five above, the height of the accumulated liquid level is The depth of liquid accumulation in the gas well for: .

[0023] Although embodiments and drawings of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will understand that various substitutions, variations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiments and drawings.

Claims

1. A method for making gas well status transparent based on a smart plunger, characterized in that: The intelligent plunger integrates a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a motion sensor, which are used to detect the temperature of the intelligent plunger itself, the pressure it experiences, and the acceleration of its own movement, respectively. The control system inside the intelligent plunger integrates a high-efficiency computing module, which is used to calculate the plunger's motion state, the pressure gradient in the gas well status parameters, the liquid level height in the gas well status parameters, and the liquid depth in the gas well status parameters. The method for making the gas well status transparent includes the following steps: Step 1: Modify the blowout preventer at the gas production tree wellhead and install a signal receiving antenna outside the metal sealed cavity of the blowout preventer body to wirelessly receive gas well status data of the plunger throughout the entire production process. Step 2: Based on the detection signal from the motion sensor and the frequency of the high-frequency crystal oscillator module inside the intelligent plunger, the plunger motion state in the gas well state parameters is calculated by the efficient calculation module. Step 3: Based on the detection signal from the pressure sensor, the pressure gradient in the gas well state parameters is calculated by the high-efficiency calculation module. The pressure gradient is divided into the pressure gradient based on the movement time interval and the pressure gradient based on the movement distance. Step 4: Based on the detection signal from the temperature sensor, calculate the temperature gradient in the gas well state parameters using a high-efficiency calculation module; Step 5: Based on the calculation results from Steps 2 to 4, calculate the liquid level in the gas well state parameters; Step Six: Based on the well depth obtained during the previous drilling process and the calculation results in Step Five, calculate the liquid accumulation depth in the gas well status parameters; In step two, the frequency of the high-frequency crystal oscillator module is set to... F Therefore, the time interval between the measurement and recording of gas well status information by the intelligent plunger during the entire production process is a fixed value, which is: ； Internal motion sensor in the first i The acceleration at time t is Throughout the entire production process, n The set of accelerations of the individual plungers is: ； In the i velocity at time t With distance of movement They are respectively: ； ； when hour, , ; Throughout the entire production process, n The set of the velocity and distance traveled by each plunger is: ； ； In step three, the pressure gradient based on the motion time interval is: The pressure gradient with respect to the distance traveled is ;in, The pressure change at the wellhead oil pressure during the i-th time interval described in step two. The internal pressure of the gas well is the pressure change within the i-th movement distance interval described in step two; In step four, the first i If the temperature value collected at any time is Then the temperature gradient For the following set, the first i One element: ； In step five, the liquid level consists of the gas medium above the liquid surface and the liquid medium below the liquid surface. The abrupt change in the medium at the liquid surface manifests as a pressure gradient within the gas well. abrupt changes and temperature gradients Changes; if The mutation time is , The change begins at the time when The time when the change ends is The time corresponding to the liquid level during the piston's movement is... for: ； The next calculation is as follows: ； Then in step two, the set With sets Find the corresponding number The elements are respectively and ,gather The first in The elements are The corresponding liquid level height for: 。 2. The method for making gas well status transparent based on intelligent plungers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, An extension tube is installed on the outer wall of the blowout preventer body, and the extension tube is connected to the inner cavity of the blowout preventer body. An antenna mounting sleeve is fitted onto the extension tube, and multiple mounting holes are set on the antenna mounting sleeve along the circumference. The tube wall of the extension tube has a hollow structure corresponding to the position of each mounting hole. A data receiving module is fixedly installed at each mounting hole position, which serves as a signal receiving antenna.

3. The method for making gas well status transparent based on intelligent plungers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, This indicates the degree of energy recovery in a gas well; a higher value indicates a faster energy recovery rate and more abundant formation energy. It indicates the change in pressure gradient inside the gas well, which can be used to determine the location and depth of internal slug flow, liquid level, and liquid level. Based on the wellhead gas production tree oil pressure gauge at the first i Oil pressure collected at all times The obtained number i Each element is specifically represented as: ； Based on the internal pressure sensor of the smart plunger, in the... i The internal pressure of the gas well obtained from the distance of movement The obtained number i Each element is specifically represented as: ； The first of the differences in movement distance i Each element can be specifically represented as: 。 4. The method for making gas well status transparent based on intelligent plungers according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, During the initial drilling process, the well depth in the drilling data is set as follows: The depth of liquid accumulation in the gas well for: 。

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