A method, system, device, product, and medium for constructing an ablation protection zone

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of construction methods of ablation protection zone, system, equipment, product and medium, the method includes: obtaining the tomographic image set of prostate target area, tomographic image set includes the first cross-sectional image including bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image including verumontanum;According to the first cross-sectional image, determine the first boundary profile corresponding to bladder neck, and the first boundary profile covers internal urethral sphincter;According to the second cross-sectional image, determine the second boundary profile corresponding to verumontanum, and the second boundary profile covers verumontanum;According to the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile, determine the ablation protection zone in prostate target area, solve the problem that the definition of functional structure depends on subjective judgment of clinical experience, realize the quantitative protection standard from bladder neck-prostate urethra-verumontanum functional anatomy axis, effectively control the risk of transurethral ablation operation induced urinary function injury and sexual function injury.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical image processing technology, and in particular to a method, system, device, product, and medium for constructing an ablation protection zone. Background Technology

[0002] Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urinary system disease among middle-aged and elderly men. Its main pathological manifestation is the proliferation of the prostatic stroma and glandular tissue. The proliferating tissue compresses the urethra, causing bladder outlet obstruction, which ultimately leads to lower urinary tract symptoms such as difficulty urinating, urinary frequency, and urgency. Transurethral ablation is widely used in clinical practice due to its advantages of minimal trauma and rapid recovery.

[0003] During transurethral ablation, the area contains anatomical structures closely related to urination and sexual function, such as the bladder neck sphincter, seminal colliculus, ejaculatory duct, and neurovascular bundle. The ablation energy can easily damage these functional structures, thereby inducing complications such as sexual dysfunction and urination disorders.

[0004] During ablation procedures, the definition and avoidance of the aforementioned functional structures mainly rely on the subjective judgment of the operator's clinical experience. There is a lack of precise guidance and quantitative protection standards for these functional structures, making it difficult to effectively control the incidence of such functional damage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, system, device, product, and medium for constructing an ablation protection zone to address the problem of subjective judgment relying on clinical experience in defining functional structures. It enables precise localization of anatomical structures related to urination and sexual function, thereby controlling the incidence of functional damage induced by transurethral ablation procedures.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for constructing an ablation protection zone is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquire a set of tomographic images of the prostate target area, the set of tomographic images including a first cross-sectional image containing the bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image containing the verumontanum;

[0008] Based on the first cross-sectional image, the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined, and the first boundary contour covers the internal urethral sphincter.

[0009] Based on the second cross-sectional image, the second boundary contour corresponding to the verumontanum is determined, and the second boundary contour covers the verumontanum.

[0010] The ablation protection zone in the prostate target area is determined based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0011] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a system for constructing an ablation protection zone is provided, the system comprising:

[0012] A tomographic image set acquisition module is used to acquire a tomographic image set of the prostate target area, the tomographic image set including a first cross-sectional image containing the bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image containing the verumontanum.

[0013] The first boundary contour determination module is used to determine the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image, wherein the first boundary contour covers the internal urethral sphincter.

[0014] The second boundary contour determination module is used to determine the second boundary contour corresponding to the manubrium based on the second cross-sectional image, wherein the second boundary contour covers the manubrium.

[0015] The ablation protection zone determination module is used to determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0016] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0017] At least one processor; and

[0018] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0019] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method for constructing the ablation protected area according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, the computer instructions being configured to cause a processor to execute and implement the method for constructing an ablation protection zone as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for constructing an ablation protection zone as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The technical solution of this embodiment determines the first boundary contour covering the internal urethral sphincter based on the first cross-sectional image including the bladder neck, and determines the second boundary contour covering the verumontanum based on the second cross-sectional image including the verumontanum. Based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour, the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area is determined. This solves the problem of the definition of functional structures relying on subjective judgment based on clinical experience, realizes the quantitative protection standard of the functional anatomical axis from the bladder neck-prostatic urethra-verumontanum, and effectively controls the risk of urinary function and sexual function damage induced by transurethral ablation operation.

[0023] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a prostate anatomical structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first boundary point provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first boundary profile provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a second boundary point provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating another method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a system for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to constructing an ablation protection zone within the prostate target area. The method can be executed by an ablation protection zone construction system, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software and can be configured in a terminal device. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0038] S110. Obtain a set of tomographic images of the prostate target area.

[0039] In this embodiment, the tomographic image set includes a first cross-sectional image containing the bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image containing the verumontanum.

[0040] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the anatomical structure of the prostate gland according to an embodiment of the present invention. The bladder neck, as the beginning of the prostatic urethra, is surrounded by the internal urethral sphincter. The contraction and relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter directly control the opening and closing of the bladder neck, achieving precise control of the urination process and making it a core structure for regulating urination function. The verumontanum, located in the middle and lower segment of the prostatic urethra, is a key anatomical structure where the ejaculatory ducts converge and open into the urethra, playing a crucial role in ejaculatory function and sensitivity regulation.

[0041] Using the bladder neck as the upper boundary of the ablation protection zone can prevent the ablation energy from spreading upwards and damaging the bladder tissue. At the same time, the relative positional relationship between the bladder neck and the verumontanum is used to determine the longitudinal distribution of anatomical structures related to urination function in the prostate target area.

[0042] In one optional embodiment, the cross-sectional images in the tomographic image set are all pre-acquired before the ablation operation, or the cross-sectional images in the tomographic image set are all pre-acquired during the ablation operation, or some cross-sectional images are pre-acquired before the ablation operation and other cross-sectional images are pre-acquired during the ablation operation.

[0043] In one specific embodiment, if the image quality of a cross-sectional image of a certain transverse section pre-acquired in the tomographic image set is poor, then a cross-sectional image of the transverse section acquired in real time during the ablation operation is used to replace it; or, if the image quality of a cross-sectional image of the transverse section acquired in real time in the tomographic image set is poor, then a cross-sectional image of the transverse section pre-acquired before the ablation operation is used to replace it.

[0044] The advantage of this setup is that the ablation protection zone supports both static modeling of pre-acquired high-resolution cross-sectional images and real-time modeling of dynamically changing cross-sectional images acquired in real time. It also supports precise correction of real-time modeling using pre-acquired cross-sectional images and dynamic adjustment of static modeling using real-time cross-sectional images. This achieves precise quantification of the entire process of ablation protection zone from static planning to dynamic guidance, improves the modeling accuracy of the ablation protection zone, and further ensures the safety and effectiveness of ablation operations.

[0045] For example, cross-sectional images can be acquired by cross-sectional scanning using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), or by continuously segmenting a three-dimensional volume image of the prostate target area with a preset layer thickness along the vertical direction of the urethral axis, but are not limited to the examples given above.

[0046] Due to factors such as ultrasound probe compression, tissue fluid reflection, intestinal gas interference, or individual anatomical variations, tomographic image sets are prone to phenomena such as blurred edges, discontinuous contours, or reduced signal-to-noise ratio. To ensure the accuracy of boundary contour recognition, in an optional embodiment, tomographic image sets of the prostate target area are obtained, including: image optimization of the original image set of the prostate target area to obtain a tomographic image set.

[0047] Taking TRUS image sequences as an example, an adaptive image optimization strategy is employed to optimize the original image set. Specifically, high-attenuation salient regions in the TRUS images are identified using the echo attenuation coefficient. Gradient-weighted edge enhancement filters are then used to process these regions, enhancing the boundary gradient features of glands and cavities to overcome edge blurring caused by signal attenuation. Distorted image frames in the TRUS image sequence are detected using morphological difference thresholding. An elastic interpolation algorithm based on morphological reconstruction of adjacent normal frames is then invoked to accurately repair distorted regions, ensuring the spatial continuity of the ablation zone. Weak signal regions in the TRUS images are identified through signal intensity threshold comparison. A prior model of prostate anatomy is used for mask registration to constrain the localization range of feature points, avoiding feature point offsets caused by weak signals and reducing spatial drift errors in the ablation zone.

[0048] The image optimization process described above improves the robustness of the ablation protection zone, and is particularly suitable for prostate target areas with unclear anatomical structures or significant structural variations.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the first cross-sectional image is obtained by: obtaining a first cross-sectional image sequence obtained by performing continuous cross-sectional scans on the bladder neck, and using the cross-sectional image in the first cross-sectional image sequence corresponding to the first cross-sectional layer number as the first cross-sectional image.

[0050] In another alternative embodiment, the first cross-sectional image is updated as follows: in response to structural morphological variations in the prostate target region, the first cross-sectional layer number is corrected according to the layer number offset to obtain a corrected cross-sectional layer number, and the cross-sectional image in the first cross-sectional image sequence corresponding to the corrected cross-sectional layer number is used as the first cross-sectional image.

[0051] For example, structural morphological variations include, but are not limited to, prostatic hyperplasia, bladder neck compression deformation, or downward displacement of the urethral orifice. The downward displacement of the urethral orifice can be determined by identifying whether there is a slit-like channel in the cross-sectional image corresponding to the first cross-sectional layer number, but is not limited to the examples given above.

[0052] Specifically, whether there are structural and morphological variations in the prostate target area can be determined based on images pre-acquired before the ablation procedure, or based on images acquired in real time during the ablation procedure. The images can be cross-sectional or sagittal images, and there are no restrictions on the imaging equipment, imaging location, or scanning method corresponding to the images.

[0053] The layer offset is used to adjust the original first cross-sectional image upwards. For example, the layer offset can be predefined, such as 1 or 2 layers, or it can be determined based on the degree of variation in the structural morphology of the prostate target region; the greater the variation, the larger the layer offset. For instance, assuming the first cross-sectional layer number is represented as i=0, the original first cross-sectional image is the i=0th layer cross-sectional image in the first cross-sectional image sequence. If the layer offset is 1 layer, the first cross-sectional image in the tomographic image set is the i=-1th layer cross-sectional image in the first cross-sectional image sequence.

[0054] The advantage of this setup is that it breaks through the rigid positioning constraint of a fixed number of transverse slices, accurately anchors the actual transverse slice of the bladder neck, adapts to individual differences in the positional deviation of the bladder neck, and the first transverse image supports accurate correction of static image data and dynamic adjustment of real-time image data. The accurate positioning of the bladder neck ensures the comprehensiveness and overall robustness of the ablation protection zone, thereby further reducing the risk of inducing urinary function damage.

[0055] In one optional embodiment, the number of the second cross-sectional images is one. Accordingly, the second cross-sectional image is obtained by: obtaining a sequence of second cross-sectional images obtained by continuous cross-sectional scanning of the verumontanum, and taking the cross-sectional image in the second cross-sectional image sequence that corresponds to the second cross-sectional layer number as the second cross-sectional image; wherein, the second cross-sectional layer number is the number of cross-sectional layers corresponding to the intermediate structure or tail structure of the verumontanum.

[0056] For example, the number of the second transverse layer can be determined based on the total number of transverse layers corresponding to the second transverse image sequence. For instance, assuming the total number of transverse layers is 11, the number of the second transverse layer can be the 5th-6th layer or the 10th-11th layer. There is no limitation on the selection method of the number of the second transverse layer here.

[0057] Specifically, when the number of the second transverse section is the same as the number of transverse sections corresponding to the middle structure of the sarcoma, the second transverse section image represents a larger sarcoma tissue area, thus ensuring the lateral protection range for the sarcoma within the ablation protection zone. When the number of the second transverse section is the same as the number of transverse sections corresponding to the tail structure of the sarcoma, the second transverse section image represents a more distant sarcoma tissue area, thus ensuring the longitudinal protection range for the sarcoma within the ablation protection zone.

[0058] S120. Determine the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first boundary contour covers the internal urethral sphincter.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image includes: performing multi-scale template matching between the first cross-sectional image and a circular anatomical prior template of the internal urethral sphincter to obtain the first boundary contour.

[0061] In another optional embodiment, determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image includes: performing dual-threshold segmentation on the first cross-sectional image based on the grayscale distribution characteristics of the anatomical structure to obtain the first boundary contour. Here, the fluid within the bladder cavity and the internal urethral sphincter are distinguishable in terms of pixel representations such as intensity, color, and texture. For example, after normalizing the first cross-sectional image, the segmentation threshold or segmentation boundary is adaptively determined based on image statistical features, and the pixels or contour of the internal urethral sphincter are extracted by combining anatomical priors and morphological continuity constraints.

[0062] S130. Determine the second boundary contour corresponding to Jingfu based on the second cross-sectional image.

[0063] In this embodiment, the second boundary contour covers the manubrium.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the verumontanum based on the second cross-sectional image includes: constructing a feature filtering operator to determine the verumontanum segmentation region by utilizing the difference in grayscale distribution between the verumontanum and the surrounding urethral mucosa; constructing a feature filtering operator to determine the ejaculatory duct segmentation region by utilizing the local concave texture features of the ejaculatory duct; and connecting the verumontanum segmentation region with the two ejaculatory duct segmentation regions by utilizing morphological dilation operations to obtain the second boundary contour.

[0065] S140. Determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0066] Specifically, the ablation protection zone is a three-dimensional continuous protection model within the prostate target area, avoiding the problem of protection zone discontinuity caused by the dispersion of functional structures and segmented modeling.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, determining the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour includes: filling the contour gap between two adjacent second boundary contours using an interpolation fitting algorithm to obtain a verumontanum protection zone; aligning the first boundary contour and the verumontanum protection zone axially with the urethral functional axis as a reference; constructing the edge surfaces of the first boundary contour and the verumontanum protection zone using a surface reconstruction algorithm; removing spatial overlap and repairing contour gaps to obtain the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area.

[0068] The technical solution of this embodiment determines the first boundary contour covering the internal urethral sphincter based on the first cross-sectional image including the bladder neck, and determines the second boundary contour covering the verumontanum based on the second cross-sectional image including the verumontanum. Based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour, the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area is determined. This solves the problem of the definition of functional structures relying on subjective judgment based on clinical experience, realizes the quantitative protection standard of the functional anatomical axis from the bladder neck-prostatic urethra-verumontanum, and effectively controls the risk of urinary function and sexual function damage induced by transurethral ablation operation.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment further refines the step of "determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image" in the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image includes: determining the urethral orifice contour line based on the first cross-sectional image, and obtaining a first protection mode for the bladder neck in the prostate target area; under the first protection mode, determining two first boundary points based on the urethral orifice contour line, and determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the two first boundary points. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes:

[0070] S210. Obtain a set of tomographic images of the prostate target area.

[0071] S210 in this embodiment is the same as that in the above embodiment. Figure 1 The S110 shown is the same or similar, and will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0072] S220. Based on the first cross-sectional image, determine the outline of the urethral opening and obtain the first protection mode of the bladder neck in the prostate target area.

[0073] Taking TRUS images as an example, the urethral region in TRUS images is identified based on the grayscale differences and anatomical features of the images. Specifically, urine in the bladder presents as a low grayscale or anechoic signal in TRUS images, while the urethral orifice and surrounding sphincter tissue present as a medium to high grayscale signal. Using an adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm, the medium to high grayscale urethral regions are selected from the TRUS images, and the inner edge contour of the urethral orifice in the urethral region is extracted, i.e., the urethral orifice contour line.

[0074] Specifically, the first protection mode can be determined based on the recognition results of images pre-acquired before the ablation operation, or based on the recognition results of images acquired in real time during the ablation operation, or based on the selection operation of the first protection mode received during the ablation operation. Here, there are no restrictions on the imaging device, imaging site, and scanning method corresponding to the image.

[0075] For example, the image recognition results can be whether the urethral region is clearly visible, whether the center point of the bladder neck is stably identified, and whether there are structural and morphological variations in the internal urethral sphincter, etc., but are not limited to the given examples.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first protection mode is a radiation protection mode or an enclosing protection mode. The radiation protection mode represents a radially expanding conical cross-sectional region, and the enclosing protection mode represents a radially expanding rectangular region.

[0077] S230. In the first protection mode, two first boundary points are determined based on the urethral opening contour line, and the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined based on the two first boundary points.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the step of determining two first boundary points based on the urethral opening contour line and determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the two first boundary points in the first protection mode includes: in response to the first protection mode being a radiation protection mode, determining the center point of the bladder neck based on the urethral opening contour line and constructing a clock coordinate system based on the center point of the bladder neck; taking the contour points on the urethral opening contour line that correspond to the two points in the clock coordinate system as the two first boundary points; extending from the center point of the bladder neck to the two first boundary points to obtain the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck, wherein the first boundary contour is composed of two radial boundary rays.

[0079] Specifically, the geometric center point corresponding to the outline of the urethral opening is taken as the center point of the bladder neck. Using this bladder neck center point as the origin, a clockwork coordinate system conforming to clinical positioning standards is established. In this embodiment, the 12 o'clock position of the clockwork coordinate system points ventrally, and correspondingly, the 6 o'clock position points dorsally. Other points are then divided sequentially in a clockwise direction to complete the construction of the entire clockwork coordinate system.

[0080] In this embodiment, the two points are symmetrically distributed within the back half of the clock coordinate system. In an optional embodiment, the two points are the 5° and 7° positions. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a first boundary point provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 4 The dashed line in the figure represents the outline of the urethral opening, and the two dots on the dashed line represent the outline points on the urethral opening corresponding to the 5° and 7° positions, respectively, which are the two first boundary points.

[0081] In this embodiment, the first boundary contour covers the posterolateral aspect of the internal urethral sphincter. The posterolateral aspect of the internal urethral sphincter is densely covered with muscle fiber bundles of the internal urethral sphincter, which is the core area for urination pressure regulation and urinary control reflex. Damage to this area will significantly increase the risk of inducing urinary incontinence.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the two points are updated in the following manner: in response to structural morphological variations in the internal urethral sphincter, the two points are updated according to the point expansion amount.

[0083] For example, structural variations of the internal urethral sphincter include, but are not limited to, muscle fibers extending radially into the surrounding tissues, asymmetrical rotation, twisting and deformation of muscle fibers, and the center point of the internal urethral sphincter deviating from the center point of the bladder neck, etc.

[0084] Specifically, whether there are structural and morphological variations in the internal urethral sphincter can be determined based on images pre-acquired before the ablation procedure, or based on images acquired in real time during the ablation procedure. Here, no restrictions are placed on the imaging equipment, imaging site, or scanning method corresponding to the image.

[0085] Specifically, the point expansion amount is used to increase the first contour angle formed by the two radial boundary rays. For example, the point expansion amount can be predefined, such as 0.5 points or 1 point, or it can be determined based on the degree of variation in the structural morphology of the internal urethral sphincter; the greater the variation, the larger the point expansion amount. For instance, assuming the two points are 5° and 7°, and the point expansion amount is 1 point, then the updated two points will be 4° and 8°, respectively.

[0086] The advantage of this setup is that it adapts to individual differences in the structural morphology of the internal urethral sphincter, avoiding the problem of insufficient coverage of the protected area caused by structural morphology variations. Furthermore, the first boundary point supports accurate correction of static image data and dynamic adjustment of real-time image data, improving the recognition accuracy and generalization ability of the first boundary contour, thereby further ensuring the safety of the ablation operation.

[0087] In another optional embodiment, the step of determining two first boundary points based on the urethral opening contour line and determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the two first boundary points in the first protection mode includes: in response to the first protection mode being an enclosing protection mode, taking the two contour points that are furthest apart along the direction perpendicular to the dorsal orientation of the urethral opening contour line as two first boundary points; taking the line connecting the two first boundary points as a first starting boundary line, obtaining two first end-side rays extending dorsally from the two first boundary points as starting points; and determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first starting boundary line and the two first end-side rays.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first boundary contour covers the entire internal urethral sphincter.

[0089] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first boundary profile provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, Figure 5 Subgraph (5-1) in the diagram represents the first boundary profile under radiation protection mode. and The diagram shows two radial boundary rays. Sub-figure (5-2) shows the first boundary profile under the enclosed protection mode. The line AB represents the first starting boundary line, and the center point of the first starting boundary line is taken as the center point of the bladder neck. Lines a and b represent two first-end side rays.

[0090] The advantage of setting the first protection mode is that it avoids insufficient or excessive coverage of the first boundary contour. The first protection mode supports accurate correction of static image data and dynamic adjustment of real-time image data. Compared with the single protection logic, it significantly improves the accuracy of guiding and avoiding anatomical structures related to urination function in the ablation protection zone, and further reduces the risk of inducing urination function damage.

[0091] S240. Determine the second boundary contour corresponding to the fine mound based on the second cross-sectional image.

[0092] S250. Determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0093] S240-S250 in this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiment. Figure 1 The S130-S140 shown are the same or similar, and will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0094] The technical solution of this embodiment, by planning the first boundary contour of the bladder neck using feature points, solves the problem that pixel-level contour division is easily affected by image quality. It reduces positioning interference caused by image noise, boundary blurring, and image artifacts. This not only makes it more adaptable to first cross-sectional images of varying quality but also significantly reduces the computational complexity of the first boundary contour, thus reducing the computational power required by the device. Furthermore, compared to pixel-level contour division, feature point extraction can respond more quickly and accurately to morphological variations in anatomical structures, shortening the update time of the ablation protection zone. This meets the multiple technical requirements for real-time performance, accuracy, and stability of the ablation protection zone during ablation operations, further reducing the risk of urinary dysfunction.

[0095] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating another method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment further refines the step of "determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the ablation zone based on the second cross-sectional image" in the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the ablation zone based on the second cross-sectional image includes: determining the ablation zone contour line based on the second cross-sectional image; determining the dome center point and two second boundary points based on the ablation zone contour line; and determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the ablation zone based on the dome center point and the two second boundary points. Figure 6 As shown, the method includes:

[0096] S310. Obtain a set of tomographic images of the prostate target area.

[0097] S320. Based on the first cross-sectional image, determine the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck.

[0098] S310-S320 in this embodiment are the same as those in the above embodiments. Figure 1 The S110-S120 shown are the same as or similar to those in the above embodiments. Figure 3 The S210-S230 shown are the same or similar, and will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0099] S330. Based on the second cross-sectional image, determine the contour line of the dome, and based on the contour line of the dome, determine the center point of the dome and two second boundary points.

[0100] The verumontanum is a longitudinal ridge-like protrusion on the posterior wall of the prostatic urethra, covered with urethral mucosal epithelium. Its apex protrudes into the urethral lumen, presenting a dome-shaped shape, and is the transition area between prostatic tissue and urethral mucosal tissue.

[0101] Taking TRUS images as an example, the verumontanum region in TRUS images is identified based on grayscale differences and anatomical morphological features. Specifically, the verumontanum presents a medium-to-high grayscale signal in TRUS images, while the surrounding urethral mucosa and prostate parenchyma present a medium-to-low grayscale signal, with a significant grayscale boundary between the two. The verumontanum also has a typical protruding anatomical morphology, located at the midline of the posterior urethral wall. By combining an adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm with morphological constraints, the medium-to-high grayscale verumontanum region is accurately selected from the TRUS images. Then, an edge detection algorithm is used to extract the outer contour of this region, i.e., the verumontanum contour line.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, determining the dome center point and two second boundary points based on the manubrium outline includes: taking the apex of the manubrium outline facing upward along the ventral side as the dome center point, and taking the two outline points of the manubrium outline that are furthest apart along a direction perpendicular to the ventral side as the two second boundary points.

[0103] In another optional embodiment, determining the dome center point and two second boundary points based on the verumontanum contour line includes: determining the morphological variation features of the prostate target area based on the second cross-sectional image, and obtaining the boundary expansion data corresponding to the morphological variation features; taking the vertex of the verumontanum contour line along the ventral direction as the reference center point, and taking the two contour points of the verumontanum contour line that are farthest apart along the direction perpendicular to the ventral direction as two reference boundary points; and shifting the reference center point and the two reference boundary points outward based on the boundary expansion data to obtain the dome center point and the two second boundary points.

[0104] Specifically, the reference center point is the highest point of the dome structure represented by the outline of the dome, and its vertical coordinate represents the maximum degree of protrusion of the dome structure.

[0105] In this embodiment, the morphological variation feature is either regular or irregular in shape. In the boundary extension data corresponding to the regular shape, the lateral boundary extension parameters of the two reference boundary points are the same, while in the boundary extension data corresponding to the irregular shape, the lateral boundary extension parameters of the two reference boundary points are different.

[0106] Specifically, the morphological variation characteristics can be determined based on images pre-acquired before the ablation operation, or based on images acquired in real time during the ablation operation. Here, no restrictions are placed on the imaging device, imaging site, or scanning method corresponding to the image.

[0107] For example, morphological variation features are used to characterize information such as the positional displacement of the verumontanum and the morphological information of the prostate gland, but are not limited to the given examples. For instance, assuming that the verumontanum is displaced or the prostate gland has an irregular shape, the morphological variation feature of the prostate target area would be irregular shape.

[0108] The boundary expansion data includes at least two lateral expansion parameters corresponding to the reference boundary points. The lateral expansion parameters are the distance the reference boundary point on the left moves to the left or the distance the reference boundary point on the right moves to the right.

[0109] In another alternative embodiment, the boundary extension data also includes a longitudinal extension parameter corresponding to the reference center point, which is the distance the reference center point moves ventrally.

[0110] For example, the two lateral expansion parameters corresponding to the morphological regularity are both 1mm or 2mm, and the longitudinal expansion parameter is 1mm or 2mm. The boundary expansion data corresponding to the morphological irregularity can be predefined or determined according to the degree of morphological variation and / or the direction of morphological variation. For example, the higher the degree of morphological variation, the larger the parameter value of the boundary expansion data. When the fossa is biased to the left, the lateral expansion parameter of the reference boundary point on the left is smaller than the lateral expansion parameter of the reference boundary point on the right.

[0111] In one alternative embodiment, the parameter value of the boundary extension data corresponding to irregular shape is greater than the parameter value of the boundary extension data corresponding to regular shape.

[0112] The advantage of identifying morphological variation features is that it avoids insufficient or excessive protection of the verumontanum caused by a single parameter value, adapts to individual differences in the structural morphology of the prostate target area, and the asymmetry of the second boundary point supports accurate correction of static image data and dynamic adjustment of real-time image data. Furthermore, setting larger parameter values ​​for the irregular prostate target area can effectively reduce the contour positioning error caused by the irregularity of the shape.

[0113] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, obtaining the boundary expansion data corresponding to the morphological variation feature includes: obtaining preset expansion data corresponding to the morphological variation feature; in response to the presence of structural abnormalities in the verumontanum of the prostate target area, updating the preset expansion data according to the expansion margin data to obtain the boundary expansion data.

[0114] Specifically, whether there are structural abnormalities in the verumontanum can be determined based on images pre-acquired before the ablation procedure, or based on images acquired in real time during the ablation procedure. Here, no restrictions are placed on the imaging equipment, imaging location, or scanning method corresponding to the image.

[0115] For example, structural anomalies are used to characterize the boundary information and local morphological information of the verumontanum, but are not limited to the given examples. For instance, if the boundaries of the verumontanum are unclear or abnormal structures such as nodules, cysts, and calcifications are present, it indicates that there is a structural anomaly in the verumontanum.

[0116] The expansion margin data is used to assign a larger expansion amount to the two reference boundary points and / or the reference center point. The expansion margin data includes the lateral margin value corresponding to the two reference boundary points and / or the longitudinal margin value corresponding to the reference center point. For example, assuming a lateral margin of 1mm and a longitudinal margin of 2mm, based on the preset expansion data, the two reference boundary points are each moved outward by 1mm to increase the width of the second boundary profile, while the reference center point is moved upward and ventrally by 2mm to increase the height of the second boundary profile.

[0117] The advantage of this setup is that it avoids the problem of incomplete coverage of the second boundary contour caused by boundary occlusion and grayscale interference due to structural anomalies in the vertex, adapts to individual differences in vertex structures with anomalies, and improves the positioning accuracy of the vertex. At the same time, the expansion of the second boundary points supports accurate correction of static image data and dynamic adjustment of real-time image data, improving the recognition accuracy and generalization ability of the second boundary contour, and further reducing the risk of damaging the vertex.

[0118] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the center point and second boundary point of a dome according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 In each sub-figure, the solid line represents the outline of the dome, "L" represents the left side, "R" represents the right side, the dot on the upper edge curve of the dome outline represents the reference center point, the triangle above the reference center point represents the center point of the dome, the dots on the left and right sides of the dome outline represent two reference boundary points, and the triangle next to the reference boundary point represents the second boundary point.

[0119] like Figure 7 As shown, subfigure (7-1) shows the dome center point corresponding to the regular shape and the two symmetrically distributed second boundary points. Subfigure (7-2) shows the dome center point corresponding to the irregular shape and the two asymmetrically distributed second boundary points. Specifically, the longitudinal expansion parameter corresponding to the dome center point in subfigure (7-2) is greater than the longitudinal expansion parameter corresponding to the dome center point in subfigure (7-1). The lateral expansion parameter of the second boundary point on the left is smaller than the lateral expansion parameter of the second boundary point on the right. Subfigure (7-3) shows a further expansion based on subfigure (7-1), resulting in a dome center point and two symmetrically distributed second boundary points. Compared to subfigure (7-1), the longitudinal expansion parameter corresponding to the dome center point and the lateral expansion parameter corresponding to the two second boundary points are both larger.

[0120] S340. Determine the second boundary profile corresponding to the dome based on the dome center point and the two second boundary points.

[0121] In an optional embodiment, determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the verumontanum based on the dome center point and the two boundary points includes: obtaining a second protection mode of the verumontanum in the prostate target area; and determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the verumontanum based on the dome center point and the two boundary points under the second protection mode.

[0122] Specifically, the second protection mode can be determined based on the recognition results of images pre-acquired before the ablation operation, or based on the recognition results of images acquired in real time during the ablation operation, or based on the selection operation of the second protection mode received during the ablation operation. Here, there are no restrictions on the imaging device, imaging site, and scanning method corresponding to the image.

[0123] For example, the recognition results of the image can be whether the verumontanum region is clearly visible, whether the ejaculatory duct region is clearly visible, whether the two ejaculatory ducts are symmetrical, and whether there are abnormal structures in the verumontanum, but are not limited to the given example.

[0124] In this embodiment, the second protection mode is either an envelope protection mode or an extended domain protection mode, wherein the protection range under the envelope protection mode is smaller than the protection range under the extended domain protection mode. Specifically, the envelope protection mode represents a radially extending rectangular region independently defined for each transverse section, while the extended domain protection mode represents a radially extending maximum rectangular region uniformly defined for all transverse sections.

[0125] In an optional embodiment, determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the manubrium based on the dome center point and the two boundary points in the second protection mode includes: in response to the envelope protection mode, constructing a contour feature point set based on the dome center point and the two second boundary points, and determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the manubrium based on the contour feature point set.

[0126] In another optional embodiment, determining the second boundary profile corresponding to the manubrium based on the dome center point and two boundary points in the second protection mode includes: in response to the extended domain protection mode, obtaining the farthest dome center point from at least two dome center points, and obtaining the maximum second contour width from at least two second contour widths; constructing a contour feature point set based on the farthest dome center point and the two second boundary points corresponding to the maximum second contour width; and determining the second boundary profile corresponding to the manubrium based on the contour feature point set.

[0127] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound based on the contour feature point set includes: determining a second starting boundary line passing through the center point of the dome in the contour feature point set based on the line connecting two second boundary points in the contour feature point set; obtaining two second end-side rays extending towards the back side with the two endpoints of the second starting boundary line as the starting points; and determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound based on the second starting boundary line and the two second end-side rays.

[0128] In the envelope protection mode, the second boundary contour in each second cross-sectional image precisely covers the densely distributed area of ​​the verumontanum and nerve endings in the cross-section. Damage to these anatomical structures can significantly increase the risk of complications such as retrograde ejaculation, ejaculatory pain, and hematospermia.

[0129] In the extended protection mode, the farthest dome center point represents the dome center point corresponding to the largest ordinate representing the height of the dome structure among multiple dome center points, and the second boundary contours corresponding to multiple second cross-sectional images are the same.

[0130] The advantage of setting a second protection mode is that it avoids insufficient or excessive coverage of the second boundary contour. Furthermore, the second protection mode supports accurate correction of static image data and dynamic adjustment of real-time image data. Compared with a single protection logic, it significantly improves the accuracy of guiding and avoiding anatomical structures related to sexual function in the ablation protection zone, further reducing the risk of inducing sexual function damage.

[0131] S350. Determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0132] S360 in this embodiment is the same as in the above embodiment. Figure 1 The S140 shown is the same or similar, and will not be described again in this embodiment.

[0133] The technical solution in this embodiment addresses the issue of pixel-level contour segmentation being susceptible to image quality issues by using feature point planning to refine the second boundary contour. It reduces positioning interference caused by image noise, boundary blurring, and image artifacts. This not only provides greater adaptability to second cross-sectional images of varying quality but also significantly reduces the computational complexity of the second boundary contour, minimizing equipment computational overhead. Furthermore, compared to pixel-level contour segmentation, feature point extraction responds more quickly and accurately to morphological variations and structural anomalies in anatomical structures, shortening the update time of the ablation protection zone. This meets the multiple technical requirements for real-time performance, accuracy, and stability of the ablation protection zone during ablation procedures, further reducing the risk of sexual dysfunction.

[0134] Figure 8The flowchart of another method for constructing an ablation protection area provided by an embodiment of the present invention further refines the step of "determining the ablation protection area in the prostate target area according to the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour" in the above embodiment. In this embodiment, the step of determining the ablation protection area in the prostate target area according to the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour includes: obtaining a protection area modeling paradigm corresponding to the prostate target area; and determining the ablation protection area in the prostate target area according to the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour under the protection area modeling paradigm. As Figure 8 shown, the method includes:

[0135] S410. Obtain a set of tomographic images of the prostate target area.

[0136] S420. Determine a first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck according to the first cross-sectional image.

[0137] S410 - S420 in this embodiment are the same or similar to S110 - S120 shown in the above embodiment, Figure 1 or are the same or similar to S210 - S230 shown in the above embodiment. This embodiment will not be elaborated here. Figure 3

[0138] S430. Determine a second boundary contour corresponding to the verumontanum according to the second cross-sectional image.

[0139] S430 in this embodiment is the same or similar to S130 shown in the above embodiment, Figure 1 or is the same or similar to S330 - S340 shown in the above embodiment. This embodiment will not be elaborated here. Figure 6

[0140] For example, obtain a sequence of cross-sectional images in the urethral axis direction through a TRUS device or an MRI device, and the layer spacing is preferably 1 mm. Among them, the i = 0 layer cross-sectional image is the first cross-sectional image, which is the cross-sectional image in the sequence of cross-sectional images where the prostate urethra first shows channel characteristics. represents the center point of the bladder neck, and the i = j layer cross-sectional image is the second cross-sectional image, corresponding to the continuous cross-sections between the first layer and the last layer of the verumontanum. Among them, , the first layer of the verumontanum represents the cross-section corresponding to the second cross-sectional image closest to the cross-section of the first cross-sectional image, and the last layer of the verumontanum represents the cross-section corresponding to the second cross-sectional image farthest from the cross-section of the first cross-sectional image. Identify the dome structure of the verumontanum in each second cross-sectional image and extract the dome center point .

[0141] ​​S440. Obtain the protected area modeling paradigm corresponding to the prostate target area.

[0142] Specifically, the protected area modeling paradigm can be determined based on the recognition results of images pre-collected before the ablation operation, or based on the recognition results of images collected in real time during the ablation operation, or based on the selection operation of the protected area modeling paradigm received during the ablation operation. Here, there are no restrictions on the imaging device, imaging location, and scanning method corresponding to the image.

[0143] For example, the recognition results of the image can be whether the structure and morphology of the prostate target area are regular, whether the two ejaculatory ducts are symmetrical, whether there are abnormal structures in the verumontanum, whether the verumontanum region is continuous, etc., but are not limited to the given example.

[0144] In this embodiment, the protected area modeling paradigm is either a transitional modeling paradigm or an integrated modeling paradigm. The transitional modeling paradigm represents a segmented boundary contour transition completed within a continuous transverse section from the bladder neck to the end of the verumontanum, while the integrated modeling paradigm represents a unified boundary contour transition completed within a continuous transverse section from the bladder neck to the end of the verumontanum.

[0145] S450. Under the protected area modeling paradigm, the ablation protected area in the prostate target area is determined based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0146] In an optional embodiment, determining the ablation protection zone in the prostate target region based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour under the protection zone modeling paradigm includes: in response to the protection zone modeling paradigm being a transitional modeling paradigm, determining the urethral protection zone from the bladder neck to the first layer of the seminal vesicle based on the first boundary contour and the second boundary contour corresponding to the first layer of the seminal vesicle, modeling the seminal vesicle protection zone based on at least one second boundary contour, and using the continuous region formed by the urethral protection zone and the seminal vesicle protection zone as the ablation protection zone in the prostate target region.

[0147] Taking the above example, the urethral protection zone indicates... The transition zone, Jingfu Nature Reserve stated The transition segment. Specifically, the center point of the bladder neck corresponding to the first boundary contour. Starting from the center point of the dome corresponding to the first floor of Jingfu As the endpoint, the longitudinal path of the urethra corresponding to the urethral protection zone is determined by an interpolation fitting algorithm, and the first contour parameters corresponding to the first boundary contour are... Starting from this point, the second contour parameters corresponding to the first layer of Jingfu will be used. As the endpoint, the protective profile parameters corresponding to the protective transverse layer between the bladder neck and the first layer of the verumontanum are determined by an interpolation fitting algorithm.

[0148] In one specific embodiment, when the first protection mode is a radiation protection mode, the contour parameter is the contour angle. When the first protection mode is the enclosing protection mode, the contour parameter is the contour width.

[0149] In this embodiment, interpolation fitting is performed based on the original contour parameters within the continuous transverse sections from the bladder neck to the first layer of the verumontanum, while the second boundary contour within the continuous transverse sections corresponding to the verumontanum remains unchanged. Specifically, in the urethral protection zone, under the first protection mode, the protection boundary contour in each protection transverse section is determined based on the protection center point and protection contour parameters obtained through interpolation fitting. In the verumontanum protection zone, the protection boundary contour in each protection transverse section is the second boundary contour corresponding to that protection transverse section.

[0150] In another alternative embodiment, determining the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile under the protection zone modeling paradigm includes: in response to the protection zone modeling paradigm being an integral modeling paradigm, obtaining the farthest dome center point from at least two dome center points, and determining the ablation protection zone from the bladder neck to the end of the verumontanum based on the first boundary profile and the farthest dome center point.

[0151] Specifically, the center point of the bladder neck corresponding to the first boundary contour. As the starting point, the farthest dome center point As the endpoint, the overall longitudinal path from the bladder neck to the terminal layer of the verumontanum is determined using an interpolation fitting algorithm. When the first protection mode is the radiation protection mode, the first contour angle corresponding to the first boundary contour is... As a starting point, As the endpoint, the protection profile angle corresponding to the protective transverse layer between the bladder neck and the terminal layer of the verumontanum is determined by an interpolation fitting algorithm. When the first protection mode is the enclosing protection mode, the first profile width corresponding to the first boundary profile is... Starting from the maximum second contour width As the endpoint, the protective profile width corresponding to the protective transverse layer between the bladder neck and the end layer of the verumontanum is determined by an interpolation fitting algorithm.

[0152] In this embodiment, interpolation fitting is performed based on the maximum contour parameter within a continuous transverse section from the bladder neck to the end of the verumontanum. Specifically, multiple second boundary contours are merged into the overall interpolation fitting construction. In the ablation protection zone, under the first protection mode, the protection boundary contour in the protection transverse section is determined based on the protection center point and protection contour parameters obtained through interpolation fitting for each protection transverse section.

[0153] Based on the above embodiments, the interpolation fitting algorithm for the longitudinal path of the urethra or the overall longitudinal path can be, for example, a linear interpolation algorithm, a cubic spline interpolation algorithm, or a polynomial fitting algorithm, but is not limited to the given examples. For instance, in the ablation protection zone, the first... The protection center point of the protective transverse layer Satisfy the following formula:

[0154]

[0155] in, This indicates the number of transverse layers corresponding to the first or last layer of Jingfu. ,when hour, ,when hour, .

[0156] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the ablation protection zone satisfies the following formula:

[0157] ;

[0158] Wherein, when the first protection mode is the radiation protection mode, The first contour angle represents the first boundary contour. and They represent the first The first protected transverse layer and the first The protection profile angles corresponding to each protected transverse layer, when the first protection mode is the encirclement protection mode. The first contour width represents the first boundary contour. and They represent the first The first protected transverse layer and the first The protection profile widths corresponding to each protected transverse layer , This indicates the number of transverse layers corresponding to the first or last layer of the Jingfu. When hour, ,when hour, .

[0159] in, This represents the interpolation index, used to adjust the expansion rate of the ablation protection zone.

[0160] To further improve the adaptability to different prostate morphologies and functional states, by adjusting... Values ​​are used to construct an ablation protection zone that conforms to the individual differences in the prostate target area. In this embodiment, The value is determined based on at least one of the following: morphological characteristics of the prostate target area, abnormal indicators of the verumontanum, and the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS).

[0161] In one specific embodiment, for prostate target areas with a volume <30mL, regular shape, relatively straight urethral functional axis, and IPSS ≤7, k=1.0, achieving linear expansion of the ablation protection zone without prior expansion; for prostate target areas with a volume of 30mL-50mL, slight target area displacement, and IPSS ≤19, k=1.2-1.5, considering that increased prostate volume and anatomical displacement may lead to an increase in the required protection contour parameters of the verumontanum segment, expansion can be appropriately advanced to avoid insufficient protection contour parameters of the ablation protection zone in the verumontanum; for prostate target areas with a volume >50mL, significantly enlarged verumontanum, obvious median lobe hyperplasia, or IPSS ≥20, k=1.8-2.5, considering anatomical... For prostate target areas with more significant structural deformation and increased risk of thermal exposure to functional structures adjacent to the verumontanum and ejaculatory ducts, earlier deployment is required to form a more adequate ablation protection zone. For prostate target areas with moderate target area displacement, descending lobe atrophy, or verumontanum stenosis, k=0.5-0.8, considering that the protection contour parameters may be small in the verumontanum segment and excessive redundancy may sacrifice the ablation range, deployment can be delayed to reduce the coverage redundancy of the ablation protection zone. For prostate target areas with abnormal structures such as calcifications or nodules in the verumontanum or urethra, local anatomical discontinuities, and high thermal sensitivity, k=2.0-2.8, the ablation protection zone needs to be widened earlier to avoid functional structural damage caused by ablation energy focusing at abnormal structures, and manual confirmation can be combined to avoid excessive expansion of the protection boundary.

[0162] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the selection criteria for the value of k, and are not intended to limit it.

[0163] The technical solution in this embodiment effectively avoids the problem of incomplete ablation caused by overprotection by setting a transitional modeling paradigm. It has the accuracy of adapting to local structures and is particularly suitable for prostate target areas with clear anatomical structures and well-defined ablation regions. The transitional modeling paradigm can balance the dual technical goals of precise protection and thorough ablation. By setting an integrated modeling paradigm, it can provide higher protection redundancy when imaging is unstable or the confidence of structural recognition is low, reducing the risk of accidental damage to critical anatomical structures due to insufficient protection. It is particularly suitable for prostate target areas with unclear anatomical structures, poor imaging quality, or high thermal sensitivity, achieving a safety net for ablation. Compared with a single protection logic, the complementary application of the two modeling paradigms significantly improves the accuracy of the guiding and avoidance functional structures in the ablation protection zone, achieving a dynamic balance between the safety and effectiveness of the ablation operation.

[0164] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the method further includes: obtaining the projection transformation matrix corresponding to the ablation protection zone and the ablation navigation system; determining the ablation protection area of ​​the ablation protection zone in the ablation navigation image according to the projection transformation matrix, and marking and displaying the ablation protection area in the ablation navigation image.

[0165] The projection transformation matrix represents the transformation information between the three-dimensional coordinate system of the ablation protection zone and the two-dimensional coordinate system of the ablation navigation system. Taking the TRUS system as an example, the spatial mapping information of the ablation protection zone on the scanning plane of the ablation navigation image is determined based on the real-time spatial pose of the TRUS probe. Then, based on the projection transformation matrix and the spatial mapping information, the ablation protection area in the ablation navigation image is determined.

[0166] For example, the content displayed in the annotation includes, but is not limited to, the image content in the ablation navigation image covered by the ablation protection area, the boundary information and identification information of the ablation protection area, etc. For example, the identification information can be text or symbols, and the annotation form includes, but is not limited to, high contrast, preset color and boundary lines, etc.

[0167] Specifically, the probe pose of the ablation protection zone is linked to the ablation navigation system in real time and is updated in real time as the probe pose changes, thereby adapting to changes in the navigation perspective during the ablation operation and effectively improving the guidance efficiency of the ablation protection zone during the ablation operation.

[0168] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the method further includes: determining an extended buffer zone based on the ablation protection zone and the extended buffer data; determining the buffer protection area of ​​the extended buffer zone in the ablation navigation image based on the projection transformation matrix; and marking and displaying the buffer protection area in the ablation navigation image.

[0169] In this embodiment, the extended buffer zone includes at least one of a head buffer zone, a tail buffer zone, and a transverse buffer zone corresponding to the verumontanum. The labeling level of the ablation protection area is higher than that of the buffer protection area. The extended buffer data is a set of parameters defining the extended buffer zone surrounding the ablation protection area.

[0170] To address situations where the ablation device tip may mistakenly enter the verumontanum protection zone due to factors such as registration errors in real-time images, uncertainties in ablation boundaries, and minor jitter at the end of the navigation probe, a lateral margin of 2mm–3mm is added to both sides of the protection contour width within the verumontanum tissue and its adjacent continuous layers (e.g., i=j±1), forming a lateral buffer zone. In one specific embodiment, in the ablation navigation image, the lateral buffer zone within the buffer protection area can be obtained by extending the ablation protection area outward by 2mm–3mm.

[0171] Taking TRUS images as an example, the lateral margin of 2mm–3mm is based on the following: (1) TRUS images may have a shift error of 1mm–2mm under conditions of body position change or rectal probe compression; (2) The thermal diffusion effect of different energy sources in the tissue has an impact on the surrounding tissue within a range of about 1.5mm–2.5mm; (3) During the ablation operation, there may be an uncontrollable end swing of 1mm–2mm at the tip of the ablation instrument. Based on the above, in order to minimize the risk of damage to the verumontanum tissue and nerve structures, a lateral margin of 2mm–3mm is preferred.

[0172] The cephalic buffer zone refers to the extension of 1–3 transverse layers along the bladder neck towards the bladder (i < 0) from the cross-section at i = 0. The caudal buffer zone refers to the extension of 1–3 transverse layers from the i = 0th transverse layer. Based on the cross-section of the layer, along the verumontanum towards the external sphincter ( Extend the cross-section by 1-3 layers to create bidirectional protection redundancy. For example, the extended cross-section thickness is 1 mm, which can provide a total of up to 3 mm of longitudinal buffer, especially suitable for improving tolerance to registration errors, end jitter and thermal effects uncertainties, and enhancing tolerance to thermal diffusion and redundant protection of critical functional structures.

[0173] In one specific embodiment, in the head buffer zone, the protective boundary profile in the extended transverse section is the same as the protective boundary profile in the i=0 transverse section, or along the bladder neck towards the bladder, the protective boundary profiles in multiple extended transverse sections increase layer by layer based on the protective boundary profile in the i=0 transverse section, according to the shape of the lower edge of the bladder.

[0174] The advantage of setting a cephalic buffer band is that the transition zone between the bladder neck and the upper border of the internal urethral sphincter still contains important sphincter fiber bundles, detrusor muscle terminals, and sympathetic nerve endings. If the ablation energy ascends and breaches the upper boundary of the ablation protection zone, it may induce complications such as detrusor muscle dysfunction or storage instability. Furthermore, the identification of the bladder neck in TRUS images may have a registration error of ±1 layer; the cephalic buffer band can significantly improve the retention rate of urinary incontinence and the safety margin for ablation energy diffusion.

[0175] In one specific embodiment, within the tail-end buffer zone, the protective boundary profile in the extended transverse section is consistent with the first... The protective boundary profiles in the transverse sections are identical, or along the verumontanum towards the external sphincter; the protective boundary profiles in multiple extended transverse sections are in the... Based on the protective boundary outline in the transverse section, the layers are gradually enlarged according to the course of the prostate tip.

[0176] The advantage of setting a caudal buffer band is that, in some individuals, the ejaculatory duct ends have a tail-oriented distribution, and the identification of the verumontanum in TRUS images is easily affected by factors such as verumontanum migration and image blurring, resulting in a ±1-layer inter-layer deviation. Furthermore, the extended area below the verumontanum may also cover the upper segment of the membranous urethra. The caudal buffer band can reduce the risk of accidental injury to the upper edge of the external urethral sphincter, helping to enhance the protection of anatomical structures such as the ejaculatory pathway, nerve endings, and mucosal openings, effectively improving the preservation rate of ejaculatory function and the safety of the ablation procedure.

[0177] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, in response to receiving an adjustment operation for the ablation protection area, the ablation protection area is updated according to the adjustment parameters corresponding to the adjustment operation; and / or, in response to the ablation navigation image indicating a structural abrupt change, information is output to indicate that there is a guiding risk in the ablation protection area.

[0178] The adjustment operation refers to the adjustment action input through the interactive interface provided by the ablation navigation system. The adjustment parameters are a quantitative description of the adjustment operation. For example, the updated content includes, but is not limited to, the boundary range, center position, or geometric shape of the ablation protection zone. For instance, when there is a deviation between the protection boundary of the ablation protection zone and the area covered by the actual anatomical structure, the adjustment operation can be a drag operation or a zoom operation; when there is a change in body position, the adjustment operation can be a translation operation; and when the functional structure undergoes an angular shift, the adjustment operation can be a rotation operation.

[0179] For example, structural mutations include, but are not limited to, changes in the morphology of the prostate target area from regular to irregular, discontinuity interruption, heat exposure risk indicators exceeding the threshold, shifts in the functional axis of the urethra exceeding the threshold range, and displacements of the verumontanum in the registered coordinate system exceeding the threshold (e.g., ≥1 mm), etc. The output forms of the prompting information include, but are not limited to, text prompts, sound prompts, or visual prompts.

[0180] The benefits of setting up an update and notification mechanism for the ablation protection zone are that factors such as changes in body position, bladder fullness, and local pressure on the prostate can easily cause boundary shifts in functional structures. The ablation protection zone supports manual updates, breaking through the limitations of modeling rules and ensuring that it always accurately covers key anatomical structures such as the bladder neck, seminal colliculus, and ejaculatory ducts. This improves the flexibility and fault tolerance in adapting to anatomical changes and enhances its guiding stability for ablation operations. Furthermore, when a structural mutation is detected, the ablation protection zone supports triggering automatic reconstruction or remodeling, reducing the risk of accidental damage to key anatomical structures due to protection zone failure and improving the safety of ablation operations in scenarios of structural mutation.

[0181] Based on the above embodiments, the method may optionally further include: obtaining the minimum distance between the tip position of the ablation device tip and the ablation protection area; if the minimum distance is within the response range, outputting an energy attenuation command to the ablation device according to the minimum distance; if the minimum distance is less than the lower limit distance of the response range, outputting an ablation termination command to the ablation device.

[0182] For example, the tip of the ablation device can be a radiofrequency electrode tip, a laser fiber, or a microwave ablation needle. Specifically, the tip position of the ablation device is tracked in real time in a three-dimensional coordinate system, and this tip position is mapped to the TRUS image coordinate system in real time. The distances from this tip position to all boundary points of the ablation protection area are calculated, and the minimum distance is extracted.

[0183] In this embodiment, the outer region of the ablation protection area is divided into a safe zone, a warning zone, and a danger zone. The safe zone represents the area outside the upper limit of the response range, the warning zone represents the area within the response range, and the danger zone represents the area within the lower limit of the response range. For example, the response range is [0.5mm, 2mm], but it is not limited to the given example.

[0184] Specifically, the energy decay rate indicated by the energy decay command is positively correlated with the minimum distance. That is, the smaller the minimum distance, the higher the energy decay rate, which reduces the risk of damage to normal anatomical structures within the warning zone while ensuring the ablation effect.

[0185] For example, the ablation energy indicated by the ablation termination command can be 0 or reduced to a safe sustaining energy (e.g., only retaining the minimum output of the indicator light energy) to reduce the risk of damage to functional structures within the ablation protection area.

[0186] Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the method further includes: outputting warning risk information in response to a minimum distance being within the response range, and outputting alarm risk information in response to a minimum distance being less than the lower limit of the response range, wherein the risk level of the warning risk information is lower than the risk level of the alarm risk information. Exemplary forms of information output include, but are not limited to, indicator lights, speakers, and text.

[0187] The advantage of this setup is that it maps fuzzy instructions to traceable and reproducible quantitative parameters, providing objective data support for ablation operations. Automatically triggered information output and control instructions can reduce the delay of manual judgment, reduce operational differences between different operators, improve the consistency and standardization of ablation operations, and thus ensure the safety and effectiveness of ablation operations.

[0188] The following are embodiments of the ablation protection zone construction system provided by the present invention. This system and the ablation protection zone construction method described above belong to the same inventive concept. For details not described in detail in the embodiments of the ablation protection zone construction system, please refer to the content of the ablation protection zone construction method in the above embodiments.

[0189] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a system for constructing an ablation protection zone according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 As shown, the system includes: a fault image set acquisition module 510, a first boundary contour determination module 520, a second boundary contour determination module 530, and an ablation protection zone determination module 540.

[0190] The tomographic image set acquisition module 510 is used to acquire a tomographic image set of the prostate target area, wherein the tomographic image set includes a first cross-sectional image containing the bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image containing the verumontanum.

[0191] The first boundary contour determination module 520 is used to determine the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image, wherein the first boundary contour covers the internal urethral sphincter.

[0192] The second boundary contour determination module 530 is used to determine the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound based on the second cross-sectional image, wherein the second boundary contour covers the mound.

[0193] The ablation protection zone determination module 540 is used to determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

[0194] The technical solution of this embodiment determines the first boundary contour covering the internal urethral sphincter based on the first cross-sectional image including the bladder neck, and determines the second boundary contour covering the verumontanum based on the second cross-sectional image including the verumontanum. Based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour, the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area is determined. This solves the problem of the definition of functional structures relying on subjective judgment based on clinical experience, realizes the quantitative protection standard of the functional anatomical axis from the bladder neck-prostatic urethra-verumontanum, and effectively controls the risk of urinary function and sexual function damage induced by transurethral ablation operation.

[0195] In an optional embodiment, the first boundary contour determination module 520 includes:

[0196] The first protection mode acquisition unit is used to determine the outline of the urethral opening based on the first cross-sectional image, and to acquire the first protection mode of the bladder neck in the prostate target area.

[0197] The first boundary contour determination unit is used to determine two first boundary points based on the urethral orifice contour line in the first protection mode, and to determine the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the two first boundary points.

[0198] In one optional embodiment, the first boundary contour determining unit is specifically used for:

[0199] In response to the first protection mode being radiation protection mode, the center point of the bladder neck is determined based on the outline of the urethral opening, and a clock coordinate system is constructed based on the center point of the bladder neck, with the 12 o'clock position of the clock coordinate system pointing to the ventral side.

[0200] The contour points corresponding to two points on the urethral opening contour line and two points in the clock coordinate system are respectively taken as two first boundary points, and the two points are symmetrically distributed in the back half of the clock coordinate system.

[0201] Starting from the center point of the bladder neck, the first boundary contours corresponding to the bladder neck are obtained by extending to the two first boundary points respectively. The first boundary contours are composed of two radial boundary rays.

[0202] In an optional embodiment, the first boundary contour determining unit is further configured to:

[0203] In response to the first protection mode being the surrounding protection mode, the two contour points that are furthest apart along the direction perpendicular to the dorsal side of the urethral opening contour line are taken as the two first boundary points.

[0204] Take the line connecting the two first boundary points as the first starting boundary line, and obtain two first end rays extending towards the back side from the two first boundary points as the starting points;

[0205] The first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined based on the first starting boundary line and the two first end side rays.

[0206] In an optional embodiment, the second boundary contour determination module 530 includes:

[0207] The second boundary point determination unit is used to determine the contour line of the dome based on the second cross-sectional image, and to determine the center point of the dome and two second boundary points based on the contour line of the dome.

[0208] The second boundary contour determination unit is used to determine the second boundary contour corresponding to the dome based on the dome center point and two second boundary points.

[0209] In an optional embodiment, the second boundary point determination unit includes:

[0210] The boundary extension data acquisition subunit is used to determine the morphological variation features of the prostate target area based on the second cross-sectional image, and acquire the boundary extension data corresponding to the morphological variation features.

[0211] The reference boundary point determination subunit is used to take the vertex of the colliculus contour line along the ventral direction as the reference center point, and the two contour points of the colliculus contour line that are farthest apart along the direction perpendicular to the ventral direction as two reference boundary points.

[0212] The second boundary point determination subunit is used to move the reference center point and the two reference boundary points outward according to the boundary expansion data to obtain the dome center point and two second boundary points.

[0213] The morphological variation feature is either regular or irregular in shape. In the boundary extension data corresponding to the regular shape, the lateral extension parameters of the two reference boundary points are the same, while in the boundary extension data corresponding to the irregular shape, the lateral boundary extension parameters of the two reference boundary points are different.

[0214] In one optional embodiment, the boundary extension data acquisition subunit is specifically used for:

[0215] Obtain the preset extended data corresponding to the morphological variation features;

[0216] In response to the presence of structural abnormalities in the verumontanum of the prostate target area, the preset expansion data is updated based on the expansion margin data to obtain boundary expansion data.

[0217] In an optional embodiment, the second boundary contour determination unit includes:

[0218] The second protection mode acquisition subunit is used to acquire the second protection mode of the seminal colliculus in the prostate target area;

[0219] The second boundary profile determination subunit is used to determine the second boundary profile corresponding to the mound based on the dome center point and two second boundary points in the second protection mode.

[0220] The second protection mode is either an envelope protection mode or an extended domain protection mode, wherein the protection range under the envelope protection mode is smaller than the protection range under the extended domain protection mode.

[0221] In one alternative embodiment, the second boundary profile determines the sub-unit, specifically for:

[0222] In response to the envelope protection mode, a set of contour feature points is constructed based on the dome center point and two second boundary points, and the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound is determined based on the set of contour feature points.

[0223] In response to the extended protection mode, the farthest dome center point is obtained from at least two dome center points, and the maximum second contour width is obtained from at least two second contour widths. A contour feature point set is constructed based on the two second boundary points corresponding to the farthest dome center point and the maximum second contour width. The second boundary contour corresponding to the fine mound is determined based on the contour feature point set.

[0224] In one alternative embodiment, the second boundary profile determines the sub-unit, specifically for:

[0225] Based on the line connecting the two second boundary points in the contour feature point set, determine the second starting boundary line passing through the dome center point in the contour feature point set;

[0226] Obtain two second-end side rays extending toward the back side, with the two endpoints of the second initial boundary line as the starting points;

[0227] The second boundary profile corresponding to the burrow is determined based on the second starting boundary line and the two second end side rays.

[0228] In an optional embodiment, the ablation protection zone determination module 540 includes:

[0229] The protected area modeling paradigm acquisition unit is used to acquire the protected area modeling paradigm corresponding to the prostate target area;

[0230] An ablation protection zone determination unit is used to determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile under the protection zone modeling paradigm.

[0231] In one optional embodiment, the ablation protection zone determination unit is specifically used for:

[0232] In response to the fact that the protected area modeling paradigm is a transitional modeling paradigm, the urethral protected area from the bladder neck to the first layer of the verumontanum is determined based on the first boundary contour and the second boundary contour corresponding to the first layer of the verumontanum. The verumontanum protected area is obtained by modeling based on at least one second boundary contour. The continuous area formed by the urethral protected area and the verumontanum protected area is taken as the ablation protected area in the prostate target area.

[0233] In response to the integrated modeling paradigm of the protected area, the farthest dome center point is obtained from at least two dome center points, and the ablation protected area from the bladder neck to the end of the verumontanum is determined based on the first boundary profile and the farthest dome center point.

[0234] In an optional embodiment, the ablation protection zone satisfies the following formula:

[0235] ;

[0236] Wherein, when the first protection mode is the radiation protection mode, The first contour angle represents the first boundary contour. and They represent the first The first protected transverse layer and the first The protection profile angles corresponding to each protected transverse layer, when the first protection mode is the encirclement protection mode. The first contour width represents the first boundary contour. and They represent the first The first protected transverse layer and the first The protection profile widths corresponding to each protected transverse layer , This indicates the number of transverse layers corresponding to the first or last layer of Jingfu. This represents the interpolation index, used to adjust the expansion rate of the ablation protection zone. The value is determined based on at least one of the morphological characteristics of the prostate target area, abnormal indicators of the verumontanum, and the International Prostate Symptom Score.

[0237] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes:

[0238] The ablation protection area labeling module is used to obtain the projection transformation matrix corresponding to the ablation protection area and the ablation navigation system;

[0239] Based on the projection transformation matrix, the ablation protection area in the ablation navigation image is determined, and the ablation protection area is marked and displayed in the ablation navigation image.

[0240] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes:

[0241] The buffer protection area marking module is used to determine the extended buffer zone based on the ablation protection area and the extended buffer data;

[0242] Based on the projection transformation matrix, the buffer protection area of ​​the extended buffer band in the ablation navigation image is determined, and the buffer protection area is marked and displayed in the ablation navigation image;

[0243] The extended buffer zone includes at least one of a head buffer zone, a tail buffer zone, and a transverse buffer zone corresponding to the verumontanum, and the labeling level of the ablation protection area is higher than that of the buffer protection area.

[0244] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes:

[0245] The ablation protection zone update module is used to update the ablation protection zone according to the adjustment parameters corresponding to the adjustment operation in response to receiving an adjustment operation for the ablation protection zone;

[0246] And / or,

[0247] The prompt information output module is used to respond to the structural abrupt change indicated by the ablation navigation image and output information to indicate that there is a guiding risk in the ablation protection zone.

[0248] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes:

[0249] The instruction output module is used to obtain the minimum distance between the tip position of the ablation instrument tip and the ablation protection area;

[0250] If the minimum distance is within the response range, an energy attenuation command is output to the ablation device based on the minimum distance;

[0251] If the minimum distance is less than the lower limit of the response range, an ablation termination command is output to the ablation device.

[0252] The ablation protection zone construction system provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the ablation protection zone construction method provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules for executing the method, thus having the corresponding beneficial effects.

[0253] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided according to one embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device 10 is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workbenches, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0254] like Figure 10As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor 11. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded from storage unit 18 into the RAM 13. The RAM 13 can also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0255] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information or data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0256] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, digital signal processors (DSPs), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the method for constructing an ablation protection zone provided in the above embodiments.

[0257] In some embodiments, the method for constructing an ablation protection zone provided in the above embodiments can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the method for constructing an ablation protection zone described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to perform the method for constructing an ablation protection zone by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0258] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication unit 19, or installed from storage unit 18, or installed from ROM 12. When the computer program is executed by processor 11, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0259] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in the following systems or combinations thereof: digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard parts (ASSPs), system-on-chips (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0260] Computer programs used to implement the method for constructing the ablation protection zone of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be implemented. The computer programs can be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, as a standalone software package partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0261] In the context of this application, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium can be, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable storage medium. Examples of machine-readable storage media include, based on an electrical connection of at least one wire, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0262] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a terminal device having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a cathode-ray tube (CRT) or liquid crystal display (LCD) monitor); and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the terminal device. Other types of devices can also provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0263] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or middleware components (e.g., application servers), or frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0264] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system. It addresses the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and Virtual Private Server (VPS) services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0265] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0266] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an ablation protection zone, characterized in that, include: Acquire a set of tomographic images of the prostate target area, the set of tomographic images including a first cross-sectional image containing the bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image containing the verumontanum; Based on the first cross-sectional image, the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined, and the first boundary contour covers the internal urethral sphincter. Based on the second cross-sectional image, the second boundary contour corresponding to the verumontanum is determined, and the second boundary contour covers the verumontanum. The ablation protection zone in the prostate target area is determined based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile. The ablation protection zone is a three-dimensional continuous protection model within the prostate target area, used to guide and avoid anatomical structures related to urination and sexual function distributed within the ablation operation area via the urethra. The anatomical structures related to urination include the internal urethral sphincter, and the anatomical structures related to sexual function include the verumontanum.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image includes: Based on the first cross-sectional image, the outline of the urethral orifice is determined, and the first protection mode of the bladder neck in the prostate target area is obtained. In the first protection mode, two first boundary points are determined based on the urethral opening contour, and the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined based on the two first boundary points.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the first protection mode, based on the urethral orifice contour line, two first boundary points are determined, and based on the two first boundary points, the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined, including: In response to the first protection mode being radiation protection mode, the center point of the bladder neck is determined based on the outline of the urethral opening, and a clock coordinate system is constructed based on the center point of the bladder neck, with the 12 o'clock position of the clock coordinate system pointing to the ventral side. The contour points corresponding to two points on the urethral opening contour line and two points in the clock coordinate system are respectively taken as two first boundary points, and the two points are symmetrically distributed in the back half of the clock coordinate system. Starting from the center point of the bladder neck, the first boundary contours corresponding to the bladder neck are obtained by extending to the two first boundary points respectively. The first boundary contours are composed of two radial boundary rays.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the first protection mode, determining two first boundary points based on the urethral orifice contour line, and determining the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the two first boundary points, further includes: In response to the first protection mode being the surrounding protection mode, the two contour points that are furthest apart along the direction perpendicular to the dorsal side of the urethral opening contour line are taken as the two first boundary points. Take the line connecting the two first boundary points as the first starting boundary line, and obtain two first end rays extending towards the back side from the two first boundary points as the starting points; The first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck is determined based on the first starting boundary line and the two first end side rays.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the acupoint based on the second cross-sectional image includes: Based on the second cross-sectional image, the contour line of the burial mound is determined, and based on the contour line of the burial mound, the center point of the dome and two second boundary points are determined. Based on the dome center point and the two second boundary points, the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound is determined.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the center point of the dome and two second boundary points based on the contour line of the dome includes: Based on the second cross-sectional image, the morphological variation features of the prostate target area are determined, and the boundary expansion data corresponding to the morphological variation features are obtained. The vertex of the protuberance contour line along the ventral direction is taken as the reference center point, and the two contour points of the protuberance contour line that are farthest apart along the direction perpendicular to the ventral direction are taken as the two reference boundary points. Based on the boundary expansion data, the reference center point and the two reference boundary points are respectively moved outward to obtain the dome center point and two second boundary points; The morphological variation feature is either regular or irregular in shape. In the boundary extension data corresponding to the regular shape, the lateral extension parameters of the two reference boundary points are the same, while in the boundary extension data corresponding to the irregular shape, the lateral boundary extension parameters of the two reference boundary points are different.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the boundary expansion data corresponding to the morphological variation features includes: Obtain the preset extended data corresponding to the morphological variation features; In response to the presence of structural abnormalities in the verumontanum of the prostate target area, the preset expansion data is updated based on the expansion margin data to obtain boundary expansion data.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step of determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the manubrium based on the dome center point and the two second boundary points includes: Obtain the second protection mode of the seminal colliculus in the prostate target area; In the second protection mode, the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound is determined based on the dome center point and the two second boundary points; The second protection mode is either an envelope protection mode or an extended domain protection mode, wherein the protection range under the envelope protection mode is smaller than the protection range under the extended domain protection mode.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the second protection mode, determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the manubrium based on the dome center point and two second boundary points includes: In response to the envelope protection mode, a set of contour feature points is constructed based on the dome center point and two second boundary points, and the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound is determined based on the set of contour feature points. In response to the extended protection mode, the farthest dome center point is obtained from at least two dome center points, and the maximum second contour width is obtained from at least two second contour widths. A contour feature point set is constructed based on the two second boundary points corresponding to the farthest dome center point and the maximum second contour width. The second boundary contour corresponding to the fine mound is determined based on the contour feature point set.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the second boundary contour corresponding to the mound based on the contour feature point set includes: Based on the line connecting the two second boundary points in the contour feature point set, determine the second starting boundary line passing through the dome center point in the contour feature point set; Obtain two second-end side rays extending toward the back side, with the two endpoints of the second initial boundary line as the starting points; The second boundary profile corresponding to the burrow is determined based on the second starting boundary line and the two second end side rays.

11. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Determining the ablation protection zone within the prostate target area based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour includes: Obtain the protected area modeling paradigm corresponding to the prostate target region; Under the protected area modeling paradigm, the ablation protected area in the prostate target region is determined based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Under the protected area modeling paradigm, determining the ablation protected area in the prostate target region based on the first boundary contour and at least one second boundary contour includes: In response to the fact that the protected area modeling paradigm is a transitional modeling paradigm, the urethral protected area from the bladder neck to the first layer of the verumontanum is determined based on the first boundary contour and the second boundary contour corresponding to the first layer of the verumontanum. The verumontanum protected area is obtained by modeling based on at least one second boundary contour. The continuous area formed by the urethral protected area and the verumontanum protected area is taken as the ablation protected area in the prostate target area. In response to the integrated modeling paradigm of the protected area, the farthest dome center point is obtained from at least two dome center points, and the ablation protected area from the bladder neck to the end of the verumontanum is determined based on the first boundary profile and the farthest dome center point.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The ablation protection zone satisfies the following formula: ； Wherein, when the first protection mode is the radiation protection mode, The first contour angle represents the first boundary contour. and They represent the first The first protected transverse layer and the first The protection profile angles corresponding to each protected transverse layer, when the first protection mode is the encirclement protection mode. The first contour width represents the first boundary contour. and They represent the first The first protected transverse layer and the first The protection profile widths corresponding to each protected transverse layer , This indicates the number of transverse layers corresponding to the first or last layer of Jingfu. This represents the interpolation index, used to adjust the expansion rate of the ablation protection zone. For real numbers greater than 0, The value is determined based on at least one of the morphological characteristics of the prostate target area, abnormal indicators of the verumontanum, and the International Prostate Symptom Score.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the projection transformation matrix corresponding to the ablation protection zone and the ablation navigation system; Based on the projection transformation matrix, the ablation protection area in the ablation navigation image is determined, and the ablation protection area is marked and displayed in the ablation navigation image.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the ablation protection zone and extended buffer zone data, the extended buffer zone is determined; Based on the projection transformation matrix, the buffer protection area of ​​the extended buffer band in the ablation navigation image is determined, and the buffer protection area is marked and displayed in the ablation navigation image; The extended buffer zone includes at least one of a head buffer zone, a tail buffer zone, and a transverse buffer zone corresponding to the verumontanum, and the labeling level of the ablation protection area is higher than that of the buffer protection area.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: In response to receiving an adjustment operation for the ablation protection area, the ablation protection area is updated according to the adjustment parameters corresponding to the adjustment operation; And / or, In response to a structural abrupt change indicated by the ablation navigation image, information is output to indicate a guiding risk in the ablation protection zone.

17. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the minimum distance between the tip position of the ablation device and the ablation protection area; If the minimum distance is within the response range, an energy attenuation command is output to the ablation device based on the minimum distance; If the minimum distance is less than the lower limit of the response range, an ablation termination command is output to the ablation device.

18. A system for constructing an ablation protection zone, characterized in that, include: A tomographic image set acquisition module is used to acquire a tomographic image set of the prostate target area, the tomographic image set including a first cross-sectional image containing the bladder neck and at least one second cross-sectional image containing the verumontanum. The first boundary contour determination module is used to determine the first boundary contour corresponding to the bladder neck based on the first cross-sectional image, wherein the first boundary contour covers the internal urethral sphincter. The second boundary contour determination module is used to determine the second boundary contour corresponding to the manubrium based on the second cross-sectional image, wherein the second boundary contour covers the manubrium. An ablation protection zone determination module is used to determine the ablation protection zone in the prostate target area based on the first boundary profile and at least one second boundary profile. The ablation protection zone is a three-dimensional continuous protection model within the prostate target area, used to guide and avoid anatomical structures related to urination function and sexual function distributed within the ablation area transurethral. The anatomical structures related to urination function include at least the internal urethral sphincter, and the anatomical structures related to sexual function include at least the verumontanum.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, which enables the at least one processor to perform the method for constructing the ablation protected area according to any one of claims 1-17.

20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method for constructing the ablation protected area according to any one of claims 1-17.

21. A computer program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for constructing an ablation protection zone according to any one of claims 1-17.

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