Base station antenna

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, and provides a base station antenna, which comprises a radome, a fixing support, a radiation module and an electrically adjustable device, the upper and lower ends of the radiation module are respectively provided with radiation module rotating shafts, the radiation module is rotationally connected with the fixing support through the radiation module rotating shafts, the radiation module and the fixing support are arranged in the interior of the radome, a mounting through hole is formed in the radome, and the electrically adjustable device is mounted at the mounting through hole; the electrically adjustable device comprises an electrically adjustable driving module, at least one planetary gear transmission module and an electrically adjustable transmission joint, the electrically adjustable driving module, the planetary gear transmission module and the electrically adjustable transmission joint are coaxial and are installed in axial stacking, the electrically adjustable transmission joint passes through the mounting through hole and is assembled and connected with the radiation module rotating shaft along the axial direction of the radiation module rotating shaft, and the electrically adjustable device is used for driving the radiation module to rotate relative to the fixing support, so as to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiation module. The application has the advantages of small size, compact structure and the like, and the electrically adjustable device is convenient to disassemble and maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and more particularly to a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, after a base station antenna is installed in its mounting position using a mounting bracket, the horizontal azimuth angle of the base station antenna usually needs to be adjusted by operating the horizontal azimuth adjustment structure on the antenna bracket. This horizontal azimuth angle adjustment of the base station antenna is generally an external mechanical manual adjustment structure, which has certain limitations in operability. Related technologies have proposed base station antennas with built-in electronically adjustable structures for adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle. However, the built-in electronically adjustable structure is inconvenient to disassemble and maintain after installation. Furthermore, because the electronically adjustable structure requires a high transmission ratio to output large torque, the electronically adjustable structures in related technologies usually use worm gear transmission mechanisms, which are large in size, have low transmission efficiency, are prone to wear, and have a short lifespan. In addition, the transmission ratio of the electronically adjustable structure cannot be adjusted according to needs, resulting in poor versatility. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, or at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a base station antenna.

[0004] This application provides a base station antenna, including an antenna cover, a fixed bracket, a radiating module, and an electronically adjustable device. The upper and lower ends of the radiating module are respectively provided with radiating module shafts. The radiating module is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket through the radiating module shafts. The radiating module and the fixed bracket are both located inside the antenna cover. The antenna cover has a mounting through hole, and the electronically adjustable device is installed at the mounting through hole.

[0005] The electronic speed control (ESC) device includes an ESC drive module, at least one planetary gear transmission module, and an ESC transmission connector. The ESC drive module, the planetary gear transmission module, and the ESC transmission connector are coaxially mounted and stacked along the axial direction. The ESC transmission connector passes through the mounting through hole and is assembled and connected to the radiating module shaft along the axial direction of the radiating module shaft. The ESC device is used to drive the radiating module to rotate relative to the fixed bracket to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiating module.

[0006] In some embodiments, the electronically controlled drive module has a drive module output connector, the planetary gear transmission module has a transmission module input interface and a transmission module output connector, the drive module output connector and the transmission module output connector have the same structure and can both be plugged into the transmission module input interface, the electronically controlled transmission connector has a transmission connector input interface, and the transmission connector input interface is plugged into the transmission module output connector.

[0007] In some embodiments, the planetary gear transmission module includes a gear carrier with an internal gear ring, a plurality of planetary gears, a planet carrier, and a sun gear. The sun gear is located inside the internal gear ring. The plurality of planetary gears are all mounted on the planet carrier and are distributed circumferentially between the sun gear and the internal gear ring. The plurality of planetary gears mesh with the sun gear and the internal gear ring to drive the planet carrier to rotate around the central axis of the sun gear. The sun gear is provided with a transmission module input interface, and the planet carrier is provided with a transmission module output connector.

[0008] In some embodiments, the number of planetary gear transmission modules is two, the two planetary gear transmission modules are coaxial and stacked along the axial direction, the sun gear of one of the two planetary gear transmission modules is driven by the electronic speed control drive module, the planet carrier of the one is driven by the sun gear of the other, and the planet carrier of the other is driven by the electronic speed control drive joint.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radome includes a sleeve portion, a first end cap, and a second end cap. The first end cap and the second end cap are respectively disposed on the upper and lower ends of the sleeve portion to form an accommodating cavity. The radiating module and the fixing bracket are both disposed within the accommodating cavity. The second end cap has an installation through hole, and the electronic adjustment device is detachably installed at the installation through hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the ESC drive module is provided with an axially extending mounting guide rail, and the ESC drive module is provided with a first mounting hole post that is offset from the mounting guide rail in the circumferential direction.

[0011] The second end cap is provided with a guide sleeve, the inner circumference of the guide sleeve forms the mounting through hole, the inner wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a guide groove extending along the axial direction, and the guide sleeve is provided with a first fixing hole post that is offset from the guide groove in the circumferential direction.

[0012] The mounting guide rail is inserted into the guide groove to form a circumferential limit, and the electronically controlled drive module is fastened to the second end cover by a first fastener passing through the first mounting hole post and the first fixing hole post.

[0013] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the electronically controlled drive module is provided with a second mounting hole post extending axially, and the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear transmission module is provided with a third mounting hole post extending axially. The planetary gear transmission module is fastened to the electronically controlled drive module by a second fastener passing through the second mounting hole post and the third mounting hole post. The second mounting hole post is used as the mounting guide rail.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ESC drive module includes a motor, a motor housing, a self-locking disc, and a self-locking mechanism;

[0015] The motor is housed in the motor housing, and the output shaft of the motor extends out of the motor housing. The self-locking disc is provided with a limiting hole for the output shaft of the motor to pass through. The motor drives the self-locking disc to rotate synchronously.

[0016] The self-locking disk is provided with a plurality of self-locking slots spaced circumferentially. The self-locking mechanism has a self-locking position for inserting into the self-locking slot and an unlocking position for disengaging from the self-locking slot. When the self-locking mechanism is in the self-locking position, it restricts the rotation of the self-locking disk to restrict the rotation of the output shaft of the motor to achieve self-locking.

[0017] In some embodiments, the ESC drive module further includes a panel and a circuit board, the circuit board being disposed in the motor housing, and the panel being mounted on the end of the motor housing away from the output shaft of the motor;

[0018] The self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking rod, a self-locking latch, and a self-locking spring. One end of the self-locking rod extends out of the panel along its length to form a control end. The self-locking latch is installed at the other end of the self-locking rod along its length. The self-locking latch has a limiting tongue extending away from the panel. The self-locking spring is located in the motor housing and is elastically supported between the self-locking latch and the motor housing. When a pressing force is applied, the self-locking rod compresses the self-locking spring and drives the limiting tongue to extend out of the motor housing and insert into the self-locking slot to achieve self-locking.

[0019] In some embodiments, the self-locking rod is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the circuit board is provided with a limiting groove. When the self-locking rod is pressed, the limiting protrusion crosses the limiting groove. When the self-locking rod is rotated, the limiting protrusion abuts against the surface of the circuit board facing away from the panel under the elastic force of the self-locking spring, so as to limit the self-locking spring from resetting.

[0020] The technical solution provided in this application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The base station antenna provided in this application uses an electronically adjustable device (EED) mounted on the radome to drive the radiating module to rotate relative to a fixed support, thereby adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiating module. The EED includes an EED drive module, at least one planetary gear transmission module, and an EED transmission connector. The EED drive module, planetary gear transmission module, and EED transmission connector are coaxially stacked along the axial direction. The radome has a mounting through-hole, through which the EED transmission connector passes and is assembled with the radiating module's rotating shaft along the axial direction. This allows the EED drive module to drive the radiating module after deceleration and torque increase via at least one planetary gear transmission module. The relative fixed support rotates to achieve the purpose of electrically controlling and adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiation module; the planetary gear transmission has the advantages of small size, compact structure, high transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, and resistance to impact and vibration, effectively solving the problems of large size, low transmission efficiency, easy wear, and short life of the existing worm gear transmission mechanism; in addition, the modules of the electronic control device are stacked along the axial direction, with a small horizontal dimension, and the antenna cover has a mounting through hole. The electronic control transmission joint of the electronic control device passes through the mounting through hole on the antenna cover and is assembled and connected to the radiation module shaft along the axial direction of the radiation module shaft. This layout facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the electronic control device. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the base station antenna provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an exploded view of the base station antenna after the sleeve portion of the radome has been removed.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the electronic speed control device and the second end cover of the antenna radome shown.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The exploded structural diagram of the electronic control device shown is shown.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the transmission principle framework of the ESC device shown.

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the planetary gear transmission module of the ESC device shown.

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the ESC drive module of the ESC device shown.

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the self-locking and unlocking skeleton of the ESC drive module of the ESC device.

[0032] Among them, 1. Electrical control device;

[0033] 11. Electrically adjustable drive module; 111. Panel; 1111. First mounting post; 1112. Fourth mounting post; 112. Circuit board; 1121. Limiting groove; 113. Motor; 1131. Drive module output connector; 114. Motor housing; 1141. Mounting rail; 1142. Second mounting post; 115. Self-locking rod; 1151. Limiting protrusion; 116. Self-locking spring; 1161. Limiting tongue; 117. Self-locking spring; 118. Self-locking disc; 1181. Self-locking groove;

[0034] 12. Planetary gear transmission module; 121. Gear carrier; 1211. Internal gear ring; 1212. Third mounting hole post; 122. Planetary gear; 1221. External gear of planetary gear; 1222. Fixing slot; 123. Planetary carrier; 1231. Fixed shaft; 1232. Transmission module output connector; 124. Sun gear; 1241. Transmission module input interface; 1242. External gear of sun gear;

[0035] 13. Electrically adjustable transmission connector; 1301. Transmission connector input interface;

[0036] 2. Radiation module; 21. Radiation module hinge;

[0037] 3. Fixed bracket;

[0038] 4. Antenna cover; 401. Mounting through hole; 41. Sleeve part; 42. First end cap; 43. Second end cap; 4301. Guide sleeve; 4302. Guide groove; 4303. First fixing hole post. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the solution of this application will be further described below. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0040] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application, but this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; obviously, the embodiments in the specification are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0041] After the base station antenna is installed in the mounting position using the mounting bracket, it is usually necessary to operate the horizontal azimuth adjustment structure on the antenna bracket to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the base station antenna. This horizontal azimuth angle adjustment of the base station antenna is generally an external mechanical manual adjustment structure, which has certain limitations in operability.

[0042] The patent with publication number CN118213758A provides a base station antenna with an external rotation adjustment mechanism. By using an external handle to drive the internal radiation module of the base station antenna to rotate, the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiation module can be adjusted. Compared with the traditional external manual adjustment mounting bracket to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the base station antenna, the operation convenience of this invention is improved, but it still remains at the level of mechanical manual adjustment and is not very convenient.

[0043] Patent CN119812727A discloses a base station antenna with a built-in electrically adjustable structure, including an antenna radome, a support frame, a radiating module, and an electrically adjustable device. The support frame is disposed inside the antenna radome. The radiating module is disposed inside the antenna radome and rotatably connected to the support frame. The electrically adjustable device is disposed inside the antenna radome and connected to the radiating module, and is used to receive the electrically adjustable signal and drive the radiating module to rotate relative to the support frame to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiating module. The core of the electrically adjustable device is that a motor amplifies the motor torque by a certain factor through a worm gear transmission mechanism to drive the radiating module to rotate relative to the support frame.

[0044] However, to achieve a high transmission ratio, the worm gear drive mechanism requires a large number of teeth on the worm wheel, necessitating a large size. This significantly limits the cost and internal layout of the base station antenna. Furthermore, the worm gear drive mechanism suffers from low transmission efficiency, easy wear, and short lifespan, making it unable to meet the horizontal azimuth adjustment requirements of the base station antenna's radiating module. In addition, the built-in ESC structure is located within the radome of the base station antenna and is horizontally positioned, resulting in a large surface area. This makes disassembly and maintenance difficult after installation, causing considerable inconvenience for the later maintenance of the base station antenna.

[0045] Based on this, this application provides a base station antenna whose electronic adjustment device uses a planetary gear transmission module for transmission. The electronic adjustment drive module, planetary gear transmission module, and electronic adjustment transmission connector of the electronic adjustment device are coaxial and stacked along the axial direction. This allows the electronic adjustment drive module to drive the radiation module to rotate relative to the fixed bracket after deceleration and torque increase through at least one planetary gear transmission module, thereby achieving the purpose of electronically controlling the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiation module. The planetary gear transmission has advantages such as small size, compact structure, high transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, and resistance to shock and vibration. Furthermore, the modules of the electronic adjustment device are stacked along the axial direction, resulting in a small horizontal dimension. The antenna cover has a mounting through hole for installing the electronic adjustment device. The electronic adjustment transmission connector of the electronic adjustment device passes through the mounting through hole on the antenna cover and is assembled and connected to the radiation module shaft along the axial direction of the radiation module shaft. This layout facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the electronic adjustment device.

[0046] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a base station antenna, including an antenna cover 4, a fixing bracket 3, a radiating module 2, and an electronically adjustable device 1.

[0047] The upper and lower ends of the radiation module 2 are respectively provided with radiation module shafts 21. The radiation module 2 is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket 3 through the radiation module shafts 21. Both the radiation module 2 and the fixed bracket 3 are located inside the antenna cover 4. The antenna cover 4 is provided with a mounting through hole 401. The electronic adjustment device 1 is installed at the mounting through hole 401.

[0048] The electronically controlled device 1 includes an electronically controlled drive module 11, at least one planetary gear transmission module 12, and an electronically controlled transmission connector 13. The electronically controlled drive module 11, the planetary gear transmission module 12, and the electronically controlled transmission connector 13 are coaxially mounted and stacked along the axial direction. The electronically controlled transmission connector 13 passes through the mounting through hole 401 and is assembled and connected to the radiation module shaft 21 along the axial direction of the radiation module shaft 21. The electronically controlled device 1 is used to drive the radiation module 2 to rotate relative to the fixed bracket 3 to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiation module 2.

[0049] It should be noted that the number of planetary gear transmission modules 12 can be one, or two, three, or more as needed. When there is only one planetary gear transmission module 12, the electronically controlled drive module 11, the planetary gear transmission module 12, and the electronically controlled transmission connector 13 are coaxially mounted and stacked axially. When there are two or more planetary gear transmission modules 12, the electronically controlled drive module 11, multiple planetary gear transmission modules 12, and the electronically controlled transmission connector 13 are coaxially mounted and stacked axially.

[0050] The base station antenna provided in this application embodiment uses an electrically adjustable device 1 mounted on the antenna radome 4 to drive the radiating module 2 to rotate relative to the fixed bracket 3, thereby adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiating module 2. The electrically adjustable device 1 includes an electrically adjustable drive module 11, at least one planetary gear transmission module 12, and an electrically adjustable transmission connector 13. The electrically adjustable drive module 11, the planetary gear transmission module 12, and the electrically adjustable transmission connector 13 are coaxially stacked along the axial direction. The antenna radome 4 has a mounting through hole 401, through which the electrically adjustable transmission connector 13 passes and is assembled and connected to the radiating module shaft 21 along the axial direction of the radiating module shaft 21. This allows the electrically adjustable drive module 11 to reduce speed and increase speed through at least one planetary gear transmission module 12. After twisting, the drive radiation module 2 rotates relative to the fixed bracket 3, achieving the purpose of electronically adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiation module 2; the planetary gear transmission has the advantages of small size, compact structure, high transmission ratio, high transmission efficiency, and resistance to impact and vibration, effectively solving the problems of large size, low transmission efficiency, easy wear, and short life of the existing worm gear transmission mechanism; in addition, the modules of the electronic adjustment device 1 are stacked along the axial direction, with a small horizontal dimension, and the antenna cover 4 is provided with a mounting through hole 401. The electronic adjustment transmission joint 13 of the electronic adjustment device 1 passes through the mounting through hole 401 on the antenna cover 4 and is assembled and connected to the radiation module rotating shaft 21 along the axial direction of the radiation module rotating shaft 21. This layout facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the electronic adjustment device 1.

[0051] In addition, the ESC drive module 11, planetary gear transmission module 12 and ESC transmission joint 13 are modularly designed, coaxial and stacked along the axial direction. This allows for the expansion of the number of planetary gear transmission modules 12 to meet the needs of higher transmission ratios, resulting in good versatility.

[0052] In specific implementation, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the electronic adjustment device 1 can be installed on the radiating module shaft 21 located at the lower end of the radiating module 2, so as to reduce the weight of the upper end of the base station antenna and facilitate the adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiating module 2 using the electronic adjustment device 1.

[0053] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the ESC drive module 11 has a drive module output connector 1131, the planetary gear transmission module 12 has a transmission module input interface 1241 and a transmission module output connector 1232. The drive module output connector 1131 and the transmission module output connector 1232 have the same structure and can both be plugged into the transmission module input interface 1241. The ESC transmission connector 13 has a transmission connector input interface 1301, which is plugged into the transmission module output connector 1232.

[0054] This configuration allows for plug-in connections between the ESC drive module 11 and the planetary gear transmission module 12, between two planetary gear transmission modules 12, and between the planetary gear transmission module 12 and the ESC transmission connector 13, making assembly more convenient. Furthermore, it allows the ESC device 1 of this embodiment to have one, two, or more planetary gear transmission modules 12 installed axially, supporting the expansion installation of the planetary gear transmission modules 12. By connecting several planetary gear transmission modules 12 in series axially, the transmission ratio of the ESC device 1 can be changed and adjusted to meet different power and speed requirements.

[0055] In practical implementation, the drive module output connector 1131 and the transmission module output connector 1232 can be cylindrical structures, while the transmission module input interface 1241 and the transmission connector input interface 1301 can be slotted structures, with the cylindrical structures inserted into the slotted structures. To achieve the purpose of anti-rotation and limiting, the cylindrical structure can be a square column, and the slotted structure can be a square slot or a square hole. Of course, the output connectors and input interfaces can also adopt other forms of plug-in mating structures.

[0056] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 As shown, the planetary gear transmission module 12 includes a gear carrier 121 with an internal gear ring 1211, multiple planetary gears 122, a planet carrier 123, and a sun gear 124. The sun gear 124 is located inside the internal gear ring 1211. The multiple planetary gears 122 are all mounted on the planet carrier 123 and are distributed circumferentially between the sun gear 124 and the internal gear ring 1211. The multiple planetary gears 122 mesh with the sun gear 124 and the internal gear ring 1211 to drive the planet carrier 123 to rotate around the central axis of the sun gear 124. The sun gear 124 is provided with a transmission module input interface 1241, and the planet carrier 123 is provided with a transmission module output connector 1232.

[0057] It should be noted that the operating principle of the planetary gear transmission module 12 is as follows: Any one of the gear carrier 121, planet carrier 123, and sun gear 124 is fixed, and the remaining two are used as input / output interfaces to achieve different transmission ratios. In this embodiment, the planetary gear transmission module 12 has a fixed gear carrier 121. Power is input through the transmission module input interface 1241 of the sun gear 124 and the drive module input connector of the ESC drive module 11. The sun gear 124 is used as the drive gear, and then the sun gear 124 meshes with the planet gear 122, driving the planet gear 122 to rotate around the sun gear 124. The planet gear 122 meshing with the sun gear 124 can rotate on its own axis or revolve around the central axis of the sun gear 124, thereby driving the planet carrier 123, which is connected to multiple planet gears 122, to rotate around the central axis of the sun gear 124. Power is then output through the transmission module output connector 1232 of the planet carrier 123. Thus, the planetary gear transmission module 12 achieves the purpose of speed reduction and torque increase.

[0058] In a specific implementation, the planetary carrier 123 can be located on one side of the gear carrier 121 along the axial direction. The planetary carrier 123 is provided with a fixed shaft 1231 extending axially toward the inner circumference of the gear carrier 121. Multiple planetary gears 122 are respectively provided with fixed slots 1222 for limiting engagement with the fixed shaft 1231. The multiple planetary gears 122 are respectively sleeved and fixed on their corresponding fixed shafts 1231. The gear carrier 121 has an internal gear ring 1211, the planetary gears 122 have external planetary gear teeth 1221, and the sun gear 124 has external sun gear teeth 1242. The external planetary gear teeth 1221 respectively engage with the external sun gear teeth 1242. The internal gear ring 1211 of the gear carrier 122 meshes with the gear 124; the center of the sun gear 124 is provided with a transmission module input interface 1241, which can be a slot structure, suitable for being adapted to the drive module output connector 1131 of the electronically controlled drive module 11; the center of the planetary carrier 123 is provided with a transmission module output connector 1232, which can be a columnar structure, suitable for being adapted to the transmission connector input interface 1301 of the electronically controlled transmission connector 13, and also suitable for being adapted to the transmission module input interface 1241 of the sun gear 124.

[0059] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, there are two planetary gear transmission modules 12. The two planetary gear transmission modules 12 are coaxial and stacked along the axial direction. The sun gear 124 of one of the two planetary gear transmission modules 12 is connected to the electronically controlled drive module 11. The planet carrier 123 of one of the planetary gear transmission modules 12 is connected to the sun gear 124 of the other. The planet carrier 123 of the other is connected to the electronically controlled transmission connector 13.

[0060] In other words, the ESC device 1 in this embodiment can employ a two-stage planetary gear transmission module 12. The output connector 1232 of the upper-stage transmission module can serve as a power input, cooperating with the input interface 1241 of the lower-stage transmission module to drive the second-stage planetary gear transmission module 12, thereby achieving a transmission ratio multiple output. Similarly, by adding third-, fourth-, or even more stages of planetary gear transmission modules 12, different transmission ratios can be achieved.

[0061] It should be understood that the electronic speed adjustment device for the base station antenna provided in this application is a planetary gear transmission electronic speed adjustment device that is small in size, compact in structure, has a high transmission ratio, and is resistant to shock and vibration. The planetary gear transmission module has the characteristics of power splitting (i.e., power can be transmitted by several planetary gears) and coaxiality between the input shaft and the output shaft. Its transmission module makes full use of internal meshing, which makes the external dimensions and mass of the planetary gear transmission module typically only 1 / 2 to 1 / 5 of those of ordinary gear transmissions under the same load conditions. The even distribution of multiple planetary gears to share the load improves the overall load-bearing capacity, allows for a large transmission ratio with a small module, and maintains the advantages of compact structure, small mass, and small volume even at a large transmission ratio. Due to the symmetry of the planetary gear transmission module, the symmetrical distribution of several planetary gears allows the reaction forces acting on the central sun gear and the rotating arm (i.e., the planet carrier) to be balanced, thereby helping to improve transmission efficiency. Planetary gear transmissions operate smoothly and have a strong ability to resist shocks and vibrations. This is mainly due to the fact that multiple identical planetary gears are evenly distributed around the central sun gear, which balances the inertial forces of the planetary gears and the rotating arm.

[0062] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the radome 4 includes a sleeve portion 41, a first end cap 42, and a second end cap 43. The first end cap 42 and the second end cap 43 are respectively installed on the upper and lower ends of the sleeve portion 41 to form an accommodating cavity. The radiating module 2 and the fixing bracket 3 are both disposed within the accommodating cavity. The second end cap 43 (i.e., the lower end cap) has a mounting through hole 401, and the electronic adjustment device 1 is detachably installed at the mounting through hole 401.

[0063] This configuration allows the electronic speed control device 1 to be detachably mounted on the second end cover 43 of the radome 4, and enables the electronic speed control transmission connector 13 of the electronic speed control device 1 to pass through the mounting through hole 401 on the second end cover 43 and be detachably assembled and connected to the radiating module shaft 21 along the axial direction of the radiating module shaft 21. When it is necessary to disassemble and maintain the electronic speed control device 1, it is not necessary to remove the second end cover 43 of the radome 4; simply remove the electronic speed control device 1 from the mounting through hole 401 of the second end cover 43 for convenient maintenance or replacement.

[0064] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 As shown, the ESC drive module 11 has an axially extending mounting guide rail 1141 on its outer peripheral surface, and a first mounting post 1111 offset from the mounting guide rail 1141 in the circumferential direction on the ESC drive module 11. The second end cover 43 has a guide sleeve 4301, the inner circumference of which forms a mounting through hole 401. The inner wall of the guide sleeve 4301 has an axially extending guide groove 4302, and a first fixing post 4303 offset from the guide groove 4302 in the circumferential direction on the guide sleeve 4301. During assembly, the mounting guide rail 1141 is inserted into the guide groove 4302 to form a circumferential limit, and the ESC drive module 11 is fastened to the second end cover 43 by a first fastener passing through the first mounting post 1111 and the first fixing post 4303.

[0065] This configuration allows the ESC device 1 to slide into the second end cover 43 via its mounting rail 1141 and guide groove 4302 during assembly. After the ESC transmission connector 13 and the radiating module shaft 21 are in place, the first fastener passes through the first mounting hole post 1111 and the first fixing hole post 4303 to fix the ESC device 1 onto the second end cover 43 of the radome 4. For disassembly, simply remove the first fastener and pull the ESC device 1 out in the opposite direction of the axial direction of the guide sleeve 4301 for maintenance or replacement. This allows the ESC device 1 in this embodiment to be installed using a plug-in method, supporting complete disassembly and maintenance, and making operation more convenient.

[0066] In a specific implementation, the guide groove 4302 on the second end cover 43 can be a semi-circular guide groove extending axially along the guide sleeve 4301, and the mounting guide rail 1141 on the outer peripheral surface of the electronically adjustable drive module 11 can be a semi-circular guide post extending axially along the electronically adjustable drive module 11. The semi-circular guide post is inserted into the semi-circular guide groove to form a circumferential anti-rotation limit. Specifically, the number of guide grooves 4302 and mounting guide rails 1141 is not limited to one, but can be two, three or more. For example, the number of guide grooves 4302 is two, and the two guide grooves 4302 are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the circumference of the guide sleeve 4301; the number of first fixing hole posts 4303 is two, and the two first fixing hole posts 4303 are spaced apart and opposite to each other along the circumference of the guide sleeve 4301, and the two guide grooves 4302 and the two first fixing hole posts 4303 are alternately arranged along the circumference of the guide sleeve 4301.

[0067] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the ESC drive module 11 is provided with a second mounting hole post 1142 extending axially, and the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear transmission module 12 is provided with a third mounting hole post 1212 extending axially. The planetary gear transmission module 12 is fastened to the ESC drive module 11 by a second fastener passing through the second mounting hole post 1142 and the third mounting hole post 1212. The second mounting hole post 1142 is used as a mounting guide rail 1141, or the second mounting hole post 1142 and the third mounting hole post 1212 can both serve as mounting guide rails 1141.

[0068] This configuration allows for the assembly connection between the planetary gear transmission module 12 and the electronic speed control drive module 11 via the second fastener, resulting in a simple structure and convenient assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, the second mounting hole post 1142 also serves as the mounting guide rail 1141, achieving two different functions and further simplifying the structure of the electronic speed control drive module 11.

[0069] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the ESC drive module 11 includes a motor 113, a motor housing 114, a self-locking disk 118, and a self-locking mechanism. The motor 113 is located in the motor housing 114, and the output shaft of the motor 113 extends out of the motor housing 114. The self-locking disk 118 is provided with a limiting hole through which the output shaft of the motor 113 passes. The motor 113 drives the self-locking disk 118 to rotate synchronously. The self-locking disk 118 is provided with a plurality of self-locking slots 1181 spaced circumferentially. The self-locking mechanism has a self-locking position for inserting into the self-locking slot 1181 and an unlocking position for disengaging from the self-locking slot 1181. When the self-locking mechanism is in the self-locking position, it restricts the rotation of the self-locking disk 118 to restrict the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 113 to achieve self-locking.

[0070] This configuration allows the self-locking mechanism, in cooperation with the self-locking disk 118, to achieve self-locking of the motor 113 during rotation, thereby ensuring that the base station antenna can stably remain in the adjusted position after the horizontal azimuth angle adjustment is completed. By providing multiple self-locking slots 1181 at circumferential intervals on the self-locking disk 118, the self-locking mechanism can be inserted into the corresponding self-locking slot 1181 to achieve self-locking of the motor 113 when the output shaft of the motor 113 drives the self-locking disk 118 to rotate to different positions.

[0071] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the electronically controlled drive module 11 also includes a panel 111 and a circuit board 112. The circuit board 112 is located in the motor housing 114, and the panel 111 is mounted on the end of the motor housing 114 away from the output shaft of the motor 113. The panel 111 can be an AISG integrated panel, where AISG (Antenna Interface Standards Group) is an abbreviation for Antenna Interface Standards Group. After the electronically controlled signal is input, the AISG integrated panel can control the motor 113 to rotate regularly and output power through the circuit board 112.

[0072] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking rod 115, a self-locking latch 116, and a self-locking spring 117. One end of the self-locking rod 115 extends out of the panel 111 along its length to form a control end. The self-locking latch 116 is installed at the other end of the self-locking rod 115 along its length. The self-locking latch 116 has a limiting tongue 1161 extending away from the panel 111. The self-locking spring 117 is located in the motor housing 114 and is elastically supported between the self-locking latch 116 and the motor housing 114. With this configuration, when the self-locking rod 115 is pressed, it compresses the self-locking spring 117, causing the limiting tongue 1161 to extend out of the motor housing 114 and insert into the self-locking groove 1181 to achieve self-locking.

[0073] Continue to refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the self-locking rod 115 has a limiting protrusion 1151, and the circuit board 112 has a limiting groove 1121. When the self-locking rod 115 is pressed, it compresses the self-locking spring 117 and drives the limiting tongue 1161 to extend out of the motor housing 114 and insert into the self-locking groove 1181 to achieve self-locking. At the same time, the limiting protrusion 1151 crosses the limiting groove 1121. When the self-locking rod 115 is rotated, the limiting protrusion 1151 abuts against the surface of the circuit board 112 facing away from the panel 111 under the elastic force of the self-locking spring 117 to limit the return of the self-locking spring 117. This configuration, by limiting the return of the self-locking spring 117 through the abutment between the limiting protrusion 1151 and the circuit board 112, achieves stable self-locking between the motor 113 and the radiation module 2.

[0074] In a specific implementation, the self-locking spring 116 can adopt a bushing structure with one open end. One end of the self-locking rod 115 along its length is inserted into the self-locking spring 116 and can rotate around it. The end of the self-locking spring 116 away from the self-locking rod 115 is provided with a limiting tongue 1161 extending in a direction away from the self-locking rod 115. This limiting tongue 1161 can pass through the motor housing 114 and be inserted into the self-locking groove 1181 of the self-locking disc 118. Of course, it is also feasible to fix the self-locking spring 116 to the self-locking rod 115, but in this solution, the limiting tongue 1161 on the self-locking spring 116 needs to be able to rotate within the self-locking groove 1181 of the self-locking disc 118. A limiting step is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the self-locking spring 116. One end of the self-locking spring 117 abuts against the limiting step, and the other end abuts against the inner wall surface of the motor housing 114. In its natural state, the self-locking spring 117 causes the limiting tongue 1161 of the self-locking spring 116 to be located inside the motor housing 114. In this state, the limiting tongue 1161 of the self-locking spring 116 is not inserted into the self-locking groove 1181 of the self-locking disc 118, so it cannot restrict the rotation of the self-locking disc 118, and thus cannot restrict the rotation of the motor 113. The principle is that the self-locking disc 118 and the output shaft of the motor 113 are limited and fixed together.

[0075] When the control end of the self-locking lever 115 is pressed, the limiting protrusion 1151 on the self-locking lever 115 passes through the limiting groove 1121 on the circuit board 112, thereby driving the self-locking spring 116 to compress the self-locking spring 117, thereby driving the limiting tongue 1161 of the self-locking spring 116 to pass through the motor housing 114 and insert into the limiting groove 1121 of the self-locking disc 118, thereby restricting the rotation of the self-locking disc 118, thereby realizing the self-locking of the motor 113, and also restricting the rotation of the radiation module 2 of the base station antenna. At this time, rotating the control end of the self-locking lever 115 causes the limiting protrusion 1151 on the self-locking lever 115 to be misaligned with the limiting groove 1121 on the circuit board 112, thereby causing the limiting protrusion 1151 to abut against the plate surface of the circuit board 112 facing away from the panel 111 under the elastic force of the self-locking spring 117, thereby restricting the self-locking spring 117 to reset, thereby realizing the stable self-locking of the motor 113 and the radiation module 2 of the base station antenna.

[0076] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4As shown, the outer peripheral surface of the motor housing 114 is provided with a second mounting post 1142 extending axially, and the outer peripheral edge of the panel 111 is provided with a first mounting post 1111 and a fourth mounting post 1112 that are staggered circumferentially. The outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear transmission module 12 is provided with a third mounting post 1212 extending axially. One end of the second mounting post 1142 along the axial direction is fastened to the fourth mounting post 1112, and the other end of the second mounting post 1142 along the axial direction is fastened to the third mounting post 1212. The first mounting post 1111 is used to fasten to the second end cover 43 of the antenna cover 4 of the base station antenna.

[0077] This configuration enables assembly and connection between the motor housing 114 and the panel 111, the ESC drive module 11 and the planetary gear transmission module 12, and the ESC device 1 and the second end cover 43. The structure is reasonable and the assembly operation is convenient.

[0078] Furthermore, it should be understood that the second end cover 43 in the above embodiments of this application can be the lower end cover of the antenna cover 4. The electronic speed control device 1 is installed on the lower end cover and partially exposed outside the lower end cover, so as to facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the electronic speed control device 1. At the same time, it is convenient to perform self-locking and unlocking operations on the motor 113 of the electronic speed control device 1 through the self-locking rod 115 of the electronic speed control device 1.

[0079] Furthermore, it should be noted that, since the ESC drive module 11, planetary gear transmission module 12, and ESC transmission connector 13 of the ESC device 1 in this embodiment are modularly configured, the planetary gear transmission module 12 in this embodiment can not only be installed on the ESC drive module 11 to integrate the ESC device 1 with the transmission module, but the planetary gear transmission module 12 can also be installed as an independent transmission module on the radial module shaft 21 to form a speed-changing shaft.

[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0081] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A base station antenna, characterized by, The device includes an antenna radome, a fixed bracket, a radiating module, and an electronically adjustable device. The radiating module has radiating module shafts at its upper and lower ends, and the radiating module is rotatably connected to the fixed bracket through the radiating module shafts. Both the radiating module and the fixed bracket are located inside the antenna radome. The antenna radome has mounting through holes, and the electronically adjustable device is installed at the mounting through holes. The electronic speed control device includes an electronic speed control drive module, at least one planetary gear transmission module, and an electronic speed control transmission connector. The electronic speed control drive module, the planetary gear transmission module, and the electronic speed control transmission connector are coaxially and stacked along the axial direction. The electronic speed control transmission connector passes through the mounting through hole and is assembled and connected to the radiating module shaft along the axial direction of the radiating module shaft. The electronic speed control device is used to drive the radiating module to rotate relative to the fixed bracket to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle of the radiating module. The electronically controlled drive module has a drive module output connector, the planetary gear transmission module has a transmission module input interface and a transmission module output connector. The drive module output connector and the transmission module output connector have the same structure and can be plugged into the transmission module input interface. The electronically controlled transmission connector has a transmission connector input interface, which is plugged into the transmission module output connector.

2. The base station antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The planetary gear transmission module includes a gear carrier with an internal gear ring, multiple planetary gears, a planet carrier, and a sun gear. The sun gear is located inside the internal gear ring. The multiple planetary gears are all mounted on the planet carrier and are distributed circumferentially between the sun gear and the internal gear ring. The multiple planetary gears mesh with the sun gear and the internal gear ring to drive the planet carrier to rotate around the central axis of the sun gear. The sun gear is provided with a transmission module input interface, and the planet carrier is provided with a transmission module output connector.

3. The base station antenna of Claim 2, wherein, The number of planetary gear transmission modules is two. The two planetary gear transmission modules are coaxial and stacked along the axial direction. The sun gear of one of the two planetary gear transmission modules is connected to the electronic speed control (ESC) drive module. The planet carrier of one of the planetary gear transmission modules is connected to the sun gear of the other. The planet carrier of the other is connected to the ESC drive joint.

4. The base station antenna of Claim 1, wherein, The radome includes a sleeve portion, a first end cap, and a second end cap. The first end cap and the second end cap are respectively disposed on the upper and lower ends of the sleeve portion to form an accommodating cavity. The radiating module and the fixing bracket are both disposed within the accommodating cavity. The second end cap has an installation through hole, and the electronic adjustment device is detachably installed at the installation through hole.

5. The base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the ESC drive module is provided with an axially extending mounting guide rail, and the ESC drive module is provided with a first mounting hole post that is offset from the mounting guide rail in the circumferential direction. The second end cap is provided with a guide sleeve, the inner circumference of the guide sleeve forms the mounting through hole, the inner wall of the guide sleeve is provided with a guide groove extending along the axial direction, and the guide sleeve is provided with a first fixing hole post that is offset from the guide groove in the circumferential direction. The mounting guide rail is inserted into the guide groove to form a circumferential limit, and the electronically controlled drive module is fastened to the second end cover by a first fastener passing through the first mounting hole post and the first fixing hole post.

6. The base station antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the electronically controlled drive module is provided with a second mounting hole post extending axially, and the outer peripheral surface of the planetary gear transmission module is provided with a third mounting hole post extending axially. The planetary gear transmission module is fastened to the electronically controlled drive module by a second fastener passing through the second mounting hole post and the third mounting hole post. The second mounting hole post is used as the mounting guide rail.

7. The base station antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The electronically controlled drive module includes a motor, a motor housing, a self-locking disc, and a self-locking mechanism; The motor is housed in the motor housing, and the output shaft of the motor extends out of the motor housing. The self-locking disc is provided with a limiting hole for the output shaft of the motor to pass through. The motor drives the self-locking disc to rotate synchronously. The self-locking disk is provided with a plurality of self-locking slots spaced circumferentially. The self-locking mechanism has a self-locking position for inserting into the self-locking slot and an unlocking position for disengaging from the self-locking slot. When the self-locking mechanism is in the self-locking position, it restricts the rotation of the self-locking disk to restrict the rotation of the output shaft of the motor to achieve self-locking.

8. The base station antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electronic speed control drive module also includes a panel and a circuit board. The circuit board is disposed in the motor housing, and the panel is mounted on the end of the motor housing away from the output shaft of the motor. The self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking rod, a self-locking latch, and a self-locking spring. One end of the self-locking rod extends out of the panel along its length to form a control end. The self-locking latch is installed at the other end of the self-locking rod along its length. The self-locking latch has a limiting tongue extending away from the panel. The self-locking spring is located in the motor housing and is elastically supported between the self-locking latch and the motor housing. When a pressing force is applied, the self-locking rod compresses the self-locking spring and drives the limiting tongue to extend out of the motor housing and insert into the self-locking slot to achieve self-locking.

9. The base station antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The self-locking rod is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the circuit board is provided with a limiting groove. When the self-locking rod is pressed, the limiting protrusion crosses the limiting groove. When the self-locking rod is rotated, the limiting protrusion abuts against the surface of the circuit board facing away from the panel under the elastic force of the self-locking spring, so as to limit the self-locking spring from returning to its original position.

Images