Four-quadrant direct-current linear adjustable power supply device and working method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of power supply circuit technology, specifically relating to a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device and its operating method. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device includes: a linear amplifier circuit, a positive power supply selection circuit, a positive power supply adjustment circuit, a negative power supply selection circuit, a negative power supply adjustment circuit, and an output stage circuit. The input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit; or the input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through the negative power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit. This invention can obtain adjustable input positive and negative voltages, and the linear amplifier circuit, in conjunction with the output stage circuit, can achieve linearly continuously adjustable output within a range of ±210V, exhibiting wide range, high precision, and four-quadrant operation capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power supply circuit technology, and particularly relates to a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] A four-quadrant DC power supply can operate in four quadrants, providing energy to the load or absorbing energy from the load.

[0003] Currently, there are two common ways to implement four-quadrant power supplies: one is to use three-terminal power devices such as bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) as voltage regulators to build a linear regulation circuit. However, this is prone to problems such as insufficient linearity, complex control, and limited driving capability when outputting over a wide range, resulting in insufficient stability and accuracy of the circuit. The other is to use operational amplifiers as the core voltage regulator components. However, due to the limitations of their power supply voltage and the characteristics of the devices themselves, it is difficult to achieve linear output over a high voltage range, thus limiting the application scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device and its operating method to solve the technical problem that existing four-quadrant power supplies cannot be compatible with high voltage and wide-range linear output.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in this background section is only for understanding the background technology of the present application concept, and therefore, the above description is not considered to constitute prior art information. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This disclosure provides at least one four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device and its operating method.

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device, comprising: a linear amplifier circuit, a positive power supply selection circuit, a positive power supply adjustment circuit, a negative power supply selection circuit, a negative power supply adjustment circuit, and an output stage circuit; wherein the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive power supply adjustment circuit, and the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative power supply adjustment circuit; the linear amplifier circuit, the positive power supply adjustment circuit, and the negative power supply adjustment circuit are respectively electrically connected to the output stage circuit; the input terminal of the linear amplifier circuit is adapted to acquire an input signal, the input terminal of the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to a positive voltage supply terminal, the input terminal of the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to a negative voltage supply terminal, and the output terminal of the output stage circuit is electrically connected to a load; the input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit, or the input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through the negative power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit.

[0008] In one optional embodiment, the input terminal of the positive power selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive high voltage power supply terminal and the positive low voltage power supply terminal; the positive power selection circuit is provided with a positive high-low voltage switching circuit, and the positive high-low voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the output stage circuit; when the positive high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is higher than a first positive voltage threshold, the positive high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the positive high voltage power supply terminal for power supply; when the positive high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is lower than the first positive voltage threshold, the positive high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the positive low voltage power supply terminal for power supply.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, the input terminal of the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative high voltage power supply terminal and the negative low voltage power supply terminal; the negative power supply selection circuit is provided with a negative high-low voltage switching circuit, and the negative high-low voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the output stage circuit; when the negative high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is higher than a first negative voltage threshold, the negative high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the negative high voltage power supply terminal for power supply; when the negative high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is lower than the first negative voltage threshold, the negative high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the negative low voltage power supply terminal for power supply.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the output terminal and ground terminal of the output stage circuit are used as high-side and low-side terminals to connect to the load, respectively; when the load is a resistive load, the load is in the first quadrant or third quadrant power supply mode; when the load is a current source and its positive and negative terminals are electrically connected to the high-side and low-side terminals, respectively, the load is in the second quadrant power supply mode; when the load is a current source and its negative and positive terminals are electrically connected to the high-side and low-side terminals, respectively, the load is in the fourth quadrant power supply mode.

[0011] In one alternative implementation, the first quadrant corresponds to positive voltage and positive current, the second quadrant corresponds to negative voltage and positive current, the third quadrant corresponds to negative voltage and negative current, and the fourth quadrant corresponds to positive voltage and negative current.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the positive power supply adjustment circuit includes: a plurality of N-channel power MOSFETs; each of the N-channel power MOSFETs is electrically connected in sequence to adjust the output voltage of the positive power supply selection circuit to the output stage circuit.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, the negative power supply adjustment circuit includes: a plurality of P-channel power MOSFETs; each of the P-channel power MOSFETs is electrically connected in sequence to adjust the output voltage of the negative power supply selection circuit to the output stage circuit.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the linear amplifier circuit includes: a first operational amplifier, an input resistor network, and a feedback resistor network; the input resistor network is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier to obtain an input signal; the feedback resistor network is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier to obtain a feedback signal at the output terminal of the output stage circuit; the first operational amplifier linearly amplifies the input signal to output it to the output stage circuit.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, the output stage circuit includes: a voltage follower drive unit, a floating power supply network, and a Darlington drive unit; the voltage follower drive unit is electrically connected to a first operational amplifier; the voltage follower drive unit, the floating power supply network, and the Darlington drive unit are sequentially electrically connected; the voltage follower drive unit is adapted to provide base drive to the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the negative power supply adjustment circuit, and the floating power supply network is adapted to adjust the output voltage so that the output voltage is output in a push-pull manner through the Darlington drive unit.

[0016] Secondly, this disclosure also provides a method for operating a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described above, comprising: amplifying an input signal through a linear amplifier circuit to an output stage circuit, so that a positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through a positive power supply adjustment circuit and an output stage circuit; or amplifying an input signal through a linear amplifier circuit to an output stage circuit, so that a negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through a negative power supply adjustment circuit and an output stage circuit.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are that it can obtain an adjustable positive input voltage by cooperating with a positive power supply selection circuit and a positive power supply adjustment circuit, and can obtain an adjustable negative input voltage by cooperating with a negative power supply selection circuit and a negative power supply adjustment circuit. At the same time, the linear amplifier circuit, in conjunction with the output stage circuit, can achieve a linear and continuously adjustable output within a range of ±210V, and has a wide range, high precision and four-quadrant operation capability.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic block diagram of a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device provided in this disclosure embodiment;

[0022] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a positive power supply selection circuit and a positive power supply adjustment circuit provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a negative power supply selection circuit and a negative power supply adjustment circuit provided in the embodiments of this disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a linear amplifier circuit and an output stage circuit provided for embodiments of this disclosure.

[0025] In the picture:

[0026] UA1, the first operational amplifier. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific exemplary configurations only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular articles “a,” “an,” and “the” may also be intended to include plural forms unless otherwise clearly stated herein. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are inclusive and thus specify the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein should not be construed as requiring them to be performed in the specific order discussed or shown, unless specifically identified as such. Additional or alternative steps may be employed.

[0029] As used herein, the phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” “in some embodiments,” etc., generally refer to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase can be included in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. Therefore, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic can be included in more than one embodiment of this disclosure, such that these phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. As used herein, the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., are used to “serve as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation, aspect, or design described herein as “example” or “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or superior to other implementations, aspects, or designs. Rather, the use of the terms “example,” “exemplary,” etc., is intended to present concepts in a specific manner.

[0030] Research has shown that four-quadrant DC power supplies can operate in all four quadrants, providing energy to or absorbing energy from the load. Currently, there are two common implementation methods for four-quadrant power supplies: one uses three-terminal power devices such as bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) as voltage regulators to build a linear regulation circuit. However, this method is prone to problems such as insufficient linearity, complex control, and limited drive capability when outputting over a wide range, resulting in deficiencies in circuit stability and accuracy. The other method uses operational amplifiers as the core voltage regulator component, but due to limitations in power supply voltage and the characteristics of the devices themselves, it is difficult to achieve linear output over a high voltage range, thus restricting application scenarios.

[0031] Based on the above research, this disclosure provides a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device and its operating method, which can obtain adjustable input positive voltage and input negative voltage. At the same time, the linear amplifier circuit, together with the output stage circuit, can achieve linear and continuously adjustable output within a range of ±210V, and has wide range, high precision and four-quadrant operation capability.

[0032] The shortcomings of the above solutions are the result of the inventor's practical experience and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed in this disclosure below should be considered as the inventor's contribution to this disclosure.

[0033] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, at least one embodiment provides a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device, comprising: a linear amplifier circuit, a positive power supply selection circuit, a positive power supply adjustment circuit, a negative power supply selection circuit, a negative power supply adjustment circuit, and an output stage circuit; wherein the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive power supply adjustment circuit, and the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative power supply adjustment circuit; the linear amplifier circuit, the positive power supply adjustment circuit, and the negative power supply adjustment circuit are respectively electrically connected to the output stage circuit; the input terminal of the linear amplifier circuit is adapted to acquire an input signal, the input terminal of the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to a positive voltage supply terminal, the input terminal of the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to a negative voltage supply terminal, and the output terminal of the output stage circuit is electrically connected to a load; the input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit, or the input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through the negative power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit.

[0036] In at least one embodiment, an adjustable positive input voltage can be obtained by cooperating with a positive power supply selection circuit and a positive power supply adjustment circuit, and an adjustable negative input voltage can be obtained by cooperating with a negative power supply selection circuit and a negative power supply adjustment circuit. At the same time, the linear amplifier circuit, in conjunction with the output stage circuit, can achieve a linearly continuously adjustable output within a range of ±210V, and has wide range, high precision and four-quadrant operation capability.

[0037] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The input terminal of the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive high voltage power supply terminal and the positive low voltage power supply terminal; the positive power supply selection circuit is provided with a positive high low voltage switching circuit, and the positive high low voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the output stage circuit; when the positive high low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is higher than the first positive voltage threshold, the positive high low voltage switching circuit switches to the positive high voltage power supply terminal for power supply; when the positive high low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is lower than the first positive voltage threshold, the positive high low voltage switching circuit switches to the positive low voltage power supply terminal for power supply.

[0038] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 The positive high voltage power supply terminal is +240V, and the positive low voltage power supply terminal is +40V, serving as the positive power input.

[0039] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2The circuit consists of a floating ground terminal F, a floating ground power supply terminal +20VF, diodes D4 and D6, resistors R7 and R10, and a +40V power supply terminal, forming a positive high / low voltage switching loop. When the output voltage is higher than the +20V threshold, the voltage of +20VF to ground is higher than 40V, diode D4 conducts, diode D6 is cut off, and transistor Q3 conducts, automatically switching to the +240V power supply terminal. When the output voltage is lower than the +20V threshold, the potential of +20VF is lower than +40V, diode D4 is cut off, diode D6 conducts, and transistor Q3 is cut off, switching to the +40V power supply terminal. This switching process relies entirely on the circuit voltage characteristics and requires no external control signal, thus ensuring the automation and real-time nature of power switching. Finally, the gate of the MOSFET Q6 is driven by the floating ground power supply terminal +12VF, and its source forms the floating ground positive power supply output terminal +PVF, serving as the positive power supply terminal for the output stage circuit.

[0040] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The input terminal of the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative high voltage power supply terminal and the negative low voltage power supply terminal; the negative power supply selection circuit is provided with a negative high-low voltage switching circuit, and the negative high-low voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the output stage circuit; when the negative high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is higher than the first negative voltage threshold, the negative high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the negative high voltage power supply terminal for power supply; when the negative high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is lower than the first negative voltage threshold, the negative high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the negative low voltage power supply terminal for power supply.

[0041] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 The negative high voltage power supply terminal is -240V, and the negative low voltage power supply terminal is -40V, serving as the negative power input.

[0042] Specifically, the negative power supply selection circuit and the negative power supply adjustment circuit adopt a symmetrical structure. The main difference is that the power MOSFET uses a P-channel device, and the Darlington drive circuit uses a PNP transistor. The remaining resistor, capacitor, and diode networks are the same as those in the positive power supply selection circuit and the positive power supply adjustment circuit. Through the same automatic switching and voltage regulation, the source of the MOSFET Q16 outputs a floating negative power supply terminal –NVF (whose gate is connected to the floating power supply terminal –12VF), which serves as the negative power supply terminal for the output stage circuit.

[0043] Specifically, through a linear amplifier circuit, a positive power supply selection circuit, a positive power supply adjustment circuit, a negative power supply selection circuit, a negative power supply adjustment circuit, and an output stage circuit, the input voltage is linearly amplified and applied to the positive and negative power supply adjustment circuits to achieve precise regulation of voltage and current. Furthermore, through positive high-low voltage switching circuits and negative high-low voltage switching circuits, the voltage is switched in real time between positive high-low voltage and negative high-low voltage based on the output voltage, achieving high-efficiency output in the low voltage range and stable power supply in the high voltage range. Ultimately, a linearly continuously adjustable output within the ±210V range is achieved, featuring wide range, high precision, and four-quadrant operation capability.

[0044] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The output terminal and ground terminal of the output stage circuit are used as high-side and low-side terminals to connect the load, respectively. When the load is a resistive load, the load is in the first quadrant or third quadrant power supply mode. When the load is a current source and its positive and negative terminals are electrically connected to the high-side and low-side terminals, respectively, the load is in the second quadrant power supply mode. When the load is a current source and its negative and positive terminals are electrically connected to the high-side and low-side terminals, respectively, the load is in the fourth quadrant power supply mode.

[0045] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 When the high-side and low-side are connected to a resistive load R N At this time, the circuit operates in the first and third quadrants; in the first quadrant, the current flows from the positive terminal of the internal power supply U1, through the positive power supply adjustment circuit, the output stage circuit, and the resistive load R. N The current flows back to the negative terminal of U1; in the third quadrant, the current flows from the positive terminal of the internal power supply U2 through the resistive load R. N The current flows from the positive terminal of the internal power supply U2 through the external current source I1, the output stage circuit, and the negative power supply adjustment circuit back to the negative terminal of U2. When the high-side and low-side are connected to the external current source I1, the circuit operates in the second quadrant, and the current flows from the positive terminal of the internal power supply U2 through the external current source I1, the output stage circuit, and the negative power supply adjustment circuit back to the negative terminal of U2. When the high-side and low-side are connected to the external current source I2, the circuit operates in the fourth quadrant, and the current flows from the positive terminal of the internal power supply U1 through the positive power supply adjustment circuit, the output stage circuit, and the negative power supply adjustment circuit back to the negative terminal of U2.

[0046] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The first quadrant corresponds to positive voltage and positive current, the second quadrant corresponds to negative voltage and positive current, the third quadrant corresponds to negative voltage and negative current, and the fourth quadrant corresponds to positive voltage and negative current.

[0047] Specifically, when the circuit operates in the first and third quadrants, it provides energy to the external load; when the circuit operates in the second and fourth quadrants, it absorbs energy from the external load.

[0048] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The positive power supply adjustment circuit includes: a plurality of N-channel power MOSFETs; each of the N-channel power MOSFETs is electrically connected in sequence to adjust the output voltage of the positive power supply selection circuit to the output stage circuit.

[0049] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 N-channel power MOSFETs Q1, Q2, Q5, and Q6 are used as voltage regulators. Resistors R1, R2, R4, R5, R11, R12, R14, and R15, along with capacitors C1, C2, C4, and C5, form a voltage divider and filter network to provide the drive voltage and suppress ripple. Diodes D1 to D8 and resistors R3, R6 to R10, R13, and R16 are used for protection against overvoltage, reverse current, and transient shocks. NPN transistors Q3 and Q4 form a Darlington drive circuit, with resistor R9 connected in series between the base and emitter of NPN transistor Q4 to limit the current, which is constrained to no more than (0.7V / R9)A.

[0050] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 The negative power supply adjustment circuit includes: a plurality of P-channel power MOSFETs; each of the P-channel power MOSFETs is electrically connected in sequence to adjust the output voltage of the negative power supply selection circuit to the output stage circuit.

[0051] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The linear amplifier circuit includes: a first operational amplifier UA1, an input resistor network, and a feedback resistor network; the input resistor network is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier UA1 to obtain an input signal; the feedback resistor network is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier UA1 to obtain a feedback signal at the output terminal of the output stage circuit; the first operational amplifier UA1 linearly amplifies the input signal to output it to the output stage circuit.

[0052] Specifically, the linear amplifier circuit consists of an input resistor network R1 and a feedback resistor network R F The system is configured such that resistors RA1 and RA2 are connected in series to form the input resistor network R1, and resistors RB1 to RB6 are connected in series to form the feedback resistor network R. F Based on the virtual short and virtual open characteristics of the first operational amplifier UA1, the input terminal potential V relative to ground can be established. IN The output stage circuit output voltage relative to ground V OUT The balance relationship. Under balanced conditions, the potential at the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier UA1 is related to the output terminal V of the output stage circuit. OUT They are equal, therefore: Output potential to ground VOUT With respect to ground potential V at the input terminal IN Linear relationship between them: Where K is the linear magnification factor.

[0053] In at least one embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The output stage circuit includes: a voltage follower drive unit, a floating power supply network, and a Darlington drive unit; the voltage follower drive unit is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier UA1; the voltage follower drive unit, the floating power supply network, and the Darlington drive unit are electrically connected in sequence; the voltage follower drive unit is adapted to provide base drive to the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the negative power supply adjustment circuit, and the floating power supply network is adapted to adjust the output voltage so that the output voltage is output in a push-pull manner through the Darlington drive unit.

[0054] Specifically, the output terminal V of the output stage circuit OUT The clamping protection, consisting of diodes D11 and D12 and resistor R20, ensures that the circuit output has a ground potential V. OUT It is consistent with the ground potential of floating ground F.

[0055] Specifically, the first operational amplifier UA1 also constitutes a voltage follower drive unit, causing V OUT =V Q (Q-point potential to ground) and provides base drive to NPN transistor Q7 and PNP transistor Q10. Resistor R19 is used to adjust the base-emitter crossover voltage of NPN transistor Q7 and PNP transistor Q10, thereby improving the conduction characteristics.

[0056] Specifically, the floating power supply network is as follows: the positive power supply terminal +PVF of the output stage circuit is at a potential V to ground. P After passing through resistor R17, Zener diode VR1, and diode D9, it is connected to point Q; the negative power supply terminal -NVF of the output stage circuit has a potential V relative to ground. N The circuit is connected to point Q after passing through resistor R25, Zener diode VR2, and diode D16. VR1 and VR2 are Zener diodes of the same type, and D10 and D13 are diodes of the same type. With R17 = R25, V... VR1 =V VR2 V VD9 =V VD16 V R17 =I PQ ×R 17 V R25 =I QN ×R 25 ;I PQ For the current flowing through R17, I QN Let I be the current flowing through both ends of R25, and we have: PQ =IQN Furthermore, the voltage relationships between points P and N and the voltage at point Q are as follows: U PQ =V P -V Q =V R9 +V VR2 +V D10 ;U NQ =V N -V Q =-V R14 -V VR3 -V D13 We can obtain: V P -V OUT =V OUT -V N Points P and N, together with Zener diodes VR1 and VR2, diodes D9 and D16, and resistors R17 and R25, form a high-precision floating power supply network to stabilize the output voltage V. OUT .

[0057] Specifically, NPN transistors Q7 and Q8 form one Darlington drive, while PNP transistors Q10 and Q9 form another Darlington drive. These two Darlington drives are symmetrically arranged to form a push-pull output structure, enhancing current drive capability. Furthermore, current limiting design restricts the output current to ±1. n Within the range, its expression is: The linear amplifier circuit and the output stage circuit form a closed balanced loop, achieving a stable output V under balanced conditions. OUT It also has four-quadrant output capability, which can provide precise voltage and current drive to the load.

[0058] Based on the same technical concept, at least one embodiment also provides a method of operating a four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described above, which includes: an input signal being amplified by a linear amplifier circuit to an output stage circuit, so that a positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through a positive power supply adjustment circuit and an output stage circuit; or an input signal being amplified by a linear amplifier circuit to an output stage circuit, so that a negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through a negative power supply adjustment circuit and an output stage circuit.

[0059] In summary, this invention can obtain an adjustable positive input voltage by combining a positive power supply selection circuit and a positive power supply adjustment circuit, and can obtain an adjustable negative input voltage by combining a negative power supply selection circuit and a negative power supply adjustment circuit. At the same time, the linear amplifier circuit combined with the output stage circuit can achieve a linear and continuously adjustable output within a range of ±210V, and has wide range, high precision and four-quadrant operation capability.

[0060] The disclosures and other solutions, examples, embodiments, modules, and functional operations described in this document can be implemented in digital electronic circuits, or computer software, firmware, or hardware, including the structures disclosed in this document and their structural equivalents, or combinations thereof. The disclosures and other embodiments can be implemented as one or more computer program products, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a tangible and non-volatile computer-readable medium for execution by a data processing apparatus or for controlling the operation of the data processing apparatus. The computer-readable medium can be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a storage device, a material composition that influences machine-readable propagated signals, or one or more of these. The terms "data processing unit" or "data processing apparatus" include all means, devices, and machines for processing data, including, for example, programmable processors, computers, or multiprocessors or computer groups. In addition to hardware, the apparatus may also include code that creates an execution environment for a computer program, such as code constituting processor firmware, a protocol stack, a database management system, an operating system, or combinations thereof. The propagated signals are artificially generated signals, such as machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signals, which are generated to encode information for transmission to a suitable receiver device.

[0061] Computer programs (also known as programs, software, software applications, scripts, or code) can be written in any programming language (including compiled or interpreted languages) and can be deployed in any form, including as standalone programs or as modules, components, subroutines, or other units suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program does not necessarily correspond to a file in a file system. A program can be stored in a portion of a file that holds other programs or data (e.g., one or more scripts stored in a markup language document), in a single file dedicated to that program, or in multiple coordinating files (e.g., a file storing one or more modules, subroutines, or portions of code). Computer programs can be deployed and executed on one or more computers located at a single site or distributed across multiple sites interconnected by a communication network.

[0062] The processing and logic flows described in this document can be executed by one or more programmable processors that execute one or more computer programs to perform functions by manipulating input data and generating outputs. The processing and logic flows can also be executed by special-purpose logic circuitry, and the devices can be implemented as special-purpose logic circuitry, such as FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) or ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits).

[0063] For example, processors suitable for executing computer programs include general-purpose and special-purpose microprocessors, as well as any one or more of any type of digital computer. Typically, the processor receives instructions and data from read-only memory or random access memory, or both. The basic components of a computer are a processor that executes instructions and one or more storage devices that store the instructions and data. Typically, a computer will also include one or more mass storage devices for storing data, such as magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks, or operatively coupled to receive data from or transfer data to mass storage devices, or both. However, a computer does not necessarily have such devices. Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media, and memory devices, including, for example, semiconductor memory devices such as erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and flash memory devices; magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks or removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and optical disc read-only memory (CD ROM) and digital versatile optical disc read-only memory (DVD-ROM). The processor and memory may be supplemented by dedicated logic circuitry or incorporated into dedicated logic circuitry.

[0064] While this patent document contains numerous details, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of any invention or claim, but rather as a description of features of specific embodiments of a particular invention. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various functions described in the context of a single embodiment may also be implemented individually in multiple embodiments, or in any suitable sub-combination. Furthermore, although the foregoing features may be described as functioning in certain combinations, or even initially claimed to be so, in certain circumstances, one or more features from a combination of claims may be removed from the combination, and a combination of claims may refer to a sub-combination or a variation of a sub-combination.

[0065] Similarly, although the operations are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as requiring the specific order or sequence shown to perform such operations, or all the described operations, in order to obtain the desired result. Furthermore, the separation of various system components in the embodiments of this patent document should not be construed as requiring such separation in all embodiments.

[0066] Only some implementations and examples are described; other implementations, enhancements, and variations can be made based on the content described and illustrated in this patent document.

[0067] When no intermediate component exists other than a line, trace, or other medium between the first and second components, the first component is directly coupled to the second component. When an intermediate component other than a line, trace, or other medium exists between the first and second components, the first component is indirectly coupled to the second component. The term "coupling" and its variations include direct coupling and indirect coupling. Unless otherwise stated, the term "about" is used to mean a range including upper and lower 10% of the value.

[0068] While several embodiments are provided in this disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. The present examples are intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive and are not limited to the details given. For example, various elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or certain features may be omitted or not implemented.

[0069] In the several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of apparatus, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than those marked in the drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram and / or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or action, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0070] Furthermore, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, the discrete or individual technologies, systems, subsystems, and methods described and illustrated in the various embodiments may be combined or integrated with other systems, modules, technologies, or methods. Other items shown or discussed as coupled may be directly connected or indirectly coupled or communicated via some interface, device, or intermediate component in an electrical, mechanical, or other manner. Those skilled in the art can identify other examples of changes, substitutions, and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device, characterized in that, include: Linear amplifier circuit, positive power supply selection circuit, positive power supply adjustment circuit, negative power supply selection circuit, negative power supply adjustment circuit, and output stage circuit; in The positive power selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive power adjustment circuit, and the negative power selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative power adjustment circuit. The linear amplifier circuit, the positive power supply adjustment circuit, and the negative power supply adjustment circuit are electrically connected to the output stage circuit, respectively. The input terminal of the linear amplifier circuit is adapted to acquire the input signal, the input terminal of the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive voltage power supply terminal, the input terminal of the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative voltage power supply terminal, and the output terminal of the output stage circuit is electrically connected to the load. The input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit, or The input signal is amplified by the linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through the negative power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit. The output terminal and ground terminal of the output stage circuit are used as high-side and low-side respectively to connect the load. When the load is a resistive load, the load is in the first quadrant or third quadrant power supply mode; When the load is a current source and its positive and negative terminals are electrically connected to the high and low ends respectively, the load is in the second quadrant power supply mode. When the load is a current source and its negative and positive terminals are electrically connected to the high and low ends respectively, the load is in the fourth quadrant power supply mode.

2. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal of the positive power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the positive high voltage power supply terminal and the positive low voltage power supply terminal. The positive power supply selection circuit is provided with a positive high-low voltage switching circuit, and the positive high-low voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the output stage circuit. When the positive high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is higher than the first positive voltage threshold, the positive high-low voltage switching circuit switches the positive high voltage power supply terminal to supply power. When the positive high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is lower than the first positive voltage threshold, the positive high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the positive low voltage power supply terminal for power supply.

3. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminal of the negative power supply selection circuit is electrically connected to the negative high voltage power supply terminal and the negative low voltage power supply terminal. The negative power supply selection circuit is provided with a negative high-low voltage switching circuit, and the negative high-low voltage switching circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the output stage circuit. When the negative high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is higher than the first negative voltage threshold, the negative high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the negative high voltage power supply terminal for power supply. When the negative high-low voltage switching circuit detects that the output voltage is lower than the first negative voltage threshold, the negative high-low voltage switching circuit switches to the negative low voltage power supply terminal for power supply.

4. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first quadrant corresponds to positive voltage and positive current, the second quadrant corresponds to negative voltage and positive current, the third quadrant corresponds to negative voltage and negative current, and the fourth quadrant corresponds to positive voltage and negative current.

5. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positive power supply adjustment circuit includes: a plurality of N-channel power MOSFETs; Each of the N-channel power MOSFETs is electrically connected in sequence to adjust the output voltage of the positive power selection circuit to the output stage circuit.

6. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative power supply adjustment circuit includes: a plurality of P-channel power MOSFETs; Each of the P-channel power MOSFETs is electrically connected in sequence to adjust the output voltage of the output stage circuit by the negative power supply selection circuit.

7. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linear amplifier circuit includes: a first operational amplifier, an input resistor network, and a feedback resistor network; The input resistor network is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier to obtain the input signal; The feedback resistor network is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier to obtain the feedback signal at the output terminal of the output stage circuit; The first operational amplifier linearly amplifies the input signal and outputs it to the output stage circuit.

8. The four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The output stage circuit includes: a voltage follower drive unit, a floating power supply network, and a Darlington drive unit; The voltage follower drive unit is electrically connected to the first operational amplifier; The voltage follower drive unit, the floating power supply network, and the Darlington drive unit are electrically connected in sequence. The voltage follower drive unit is adapted to provide base drive to the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the negative power supply adjustment circuit, and the floating power supply network is adapted to adjust the output voltage so that the output voltage is output in a push-pull manner through the Darlington drive unit.

9. A method of operating the four-quadrant DC linear adjustable power supply device as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The input signal is amplified by a linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the positive power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable positive voltage to the load through the positive power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit. The input signal is amplified by a linear amplifier circuit to the output stage circuit, so that the negative power supply selection circuit outputs a corresponding adjustable negative voltage to the load through the negative power supply adjustment circuit and the output stage circuit.

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