Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of solar cells. The main purpose is to change the extension direction of the leakage path and prolong the creepage distance. The main technical scheme of the application is as follows: the photovoltaic module comprises a frame, a photovoltaic laminated module and a creepage structure; the photovoltaic laminated module is arranged in the frame, the photovoltaic laminated module comprises a cell piece matrix, and a creepage area is formed between the cell piece matrix and the frame; the creepage structure is arranged in the creepage area, the creepage structure comprises a plurality of first isolation belts and a plurality of second isolation belts, the plurality of first isolation belts and the plurality of second isolation belts are arranged in a vertical direction, and the adjacent first isolation belts and the adjacent second isolation belts are alternately inserted, so that the extension direction of the leakage path is changed, the leakage path in the creepage area passes through the plurality of first isolation belts and the plurality of second isolation belts, and the creepage distance is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of solar cell technology, specifically relating to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] In photovoltaic (PV) module assembly, to prevent short circuits caused by direct contact between the frame and the cell array, a gap of a specific width is typically designed between the cell array and the frame; this area is called the creepage zone. The length of the creepage distance directly affects the insulation performance of the PV module and its overall lifespan. With the increasing prevalence of gigawatt-scale PV power plants globally, these large-scale power plants place higher demands on the operating voltage of PV systems to meet their high-power, high-efficiency power generation needs. This indirectly presents more stringent challenges to the design standards of the creepage distance in the creepage zone.

[0003] However, in traditional photovoltaic module designs, the creepage zone is often a blank area, lacking any structure to optimize leakage paths. In this case, the leakage path within the creepage zone is basically a straight line or a gentle curve. Limited by the physical width of the creepage zone itself, the straight or gentle curve leakage path results in a short actual creepage distance, making it difficult to meet the safety requirements for creepage distance in the high-voltage systems of large photovoltaic power plants. This can easily lead to insulation failure during module operation, resulting in short circuits, system tripping, and other faults. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a photovoltaic module, the main purpose of which is to change the extension direction of the leakage path and extend the creepage distance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application mainly provides the following technical solutions: This application provides a photovoltaic module, including: frame; A photovoltaic laminated module is disposed within the frame, the photovoltaic laminated module includes a cell matrix, and a creepage area is formed between the cell matrix and the frame; A creepage structure is provided within the creepage zone. The creepage structure includes multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips. The multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips are staggered in a vertical direction, and adjacent first isolation strips and second isolation strips are alternately inserted into each other to change the extension direction of the leakage path, so that the leakage path in the creepage zone bypasses the multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips, thereby extending the creepage distance.

[0006] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip perpendicular to its own extension direction is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip perpendicular to its own extension direction.

[0007] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip perpendicular to its extension direction is rectangular, and the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip perpendicular to its extension direction is also rectangular.

[0008] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip perpendicular to its extension direction is triangular, and the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip perpendicular to its extension direction is also triangular, and the tips of the cross-sections of the first isolation strip and the second isolation strip both face the creepage area.

[0009] Optionally, the width of the first isolation strip is the same as the width of the second isolation strip, and the thickness of the first isolation strip is the same as the thickness of the second isolation strip; the width of both the first isolation strip and the second isolation strip does not exceed 5mm, and the thickness of both the first isolation strip and the second isolation strip does not exceed 2mm.

[0010] Optionally, in the creepage structure, the plurality of first isolation strips and the plurality of second isolation strips are arranged in groups of three adjacent to each other, and the number of cycles in such groups conforms to the formula: N = (QX) / 2T; In the formula, N is the number of cycles of the group, Q is the creepage distance that the photovoltaic module needs to reach in the creepage zone under the target operating voltage, X is the spacing distance between the cell matrix and the frame, and T is the thickness of the first isolation strip or the second isolation strip.

[0011] Optionally, the frame is provided with a groove structure, and the photovoltaic laminate module is snapped into the groove structure of the frame.

[0012] Optionally, a sealant is used to fill the space between the photovoltaic laminate and the frame.

[0013] Optionally, the photovoltaic laminated module further includes a first encapsulant layer and a second encapsulant layer, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the cell matrix.

[0014] Optionally, the photovoltaic laminated module further includes a front panel and a back panel, the front panel being disposed on the side of the first encapsulant layer away from the cell matrix, and the back panel being disposed on the side of the second encapsulant layer away from the cell matrix.

[0015] By employing the above technical solution, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: The photovoltaic module provided in this application, by setting a creepage structure including multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips in the creepage area formed between the cell matrix and the frame, can change the extension direction of the leakage path in the creepage area by using the design of multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips staggered in the vertical direction and adjacent isolation strips alternately inserted to force the leakage path to bypass multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips, significantly extending the creepage distance. Based on this, it can not only meet the stringent safety requirements of the high voltage system of gigawatt-level large photovoltaic power plants for creepage distance, and avoid the insulation failure problem caused by the short creepage distance due to the blank creepage area design of traditional systems, but also improve the insulation performance of the module, reduce the impact of environmental factors such as humidity and pollutant accumulation on insulation performance, reduce the probability of short circuits, system tripping and other faults, thereby enhancing the operational reliability of the photovoltaic system, extending the service life of the module, and ensuring the long-term safe and stable power generation of the photovoltaic system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an optional embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the creepage structure of an optional embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the creepage structure of another optional embodiment of this application.

[0017] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows: 1. Frame; 11. Groove structure; 2. Photovoltaic laminate module; 21. Cell matrix; 22. First encapsulant layer; 23. Second encapsulant layer; 24. Front panel; 25. Back panel; 3. Creepage structure; 31. First isolation strip; 32. Second isolation strip; 4. Sealant. Detailed Implementation

[0018] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0019] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] The preferred embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] See also Figures 1 to 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, a photovoltaic module is provided, including a frame 1, a photovoltaic laminate 2, and a creepage structure 3. The photovoltaic laminate 2 is disposed within the frame 1 and includes a cell matrix 21, with a creepage area formed between the cell matrix 21 and the frame 1. The creepage structure 3 is disposed within the creepage area and includes multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32. The multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32 are staggered in the vertical direction, and adjacent first isolation strips 31 and second isolation strips 32 are alternately inserted to change the extension direction of the leakage path, so that the leakage path in the creepage area bypasses the multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32, thereby extending the creepage distance.

[0023] The photovoltaic module provided in the embodiments of this application, by setting a creepage structure 3 including multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32 in the creepage area formed between the cell matrix 21 and the frame 1, can change the extension direction of the leakage path in the creepage area by using the design of multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32 staggered in the vertical direction and adjacent isolation strips alternately inserted to force the leakage path to bypass multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32, significantly extending the creepage distance. Based on this, it can not only meet the stringent safety requirements of the high voltage system of gigawatt-level large photovoltaic power plants for creepage distance, and avoid the insulation failure problem caused by the short creepage distance due to the blank creepage area design of traditional creepage area, but also improve the insulation performance of the module, reduce the impact of environmental factors such as humidity and pollutant accumulation on insulation performance, reduce the probability of short circuits, system tripping and other faults, thereby enhancing the operational reliability of the photovoltaic system, extending the service life of the module, and ensuring the long-term safe and stable power generation of the photovoltaic system.

[0024] Among them, the frame 1 is the frame of the photovoltaic module, which can be made of aluminum alloy. It is used to fix and protect the internal photovoltaic laminate module 2, and at the same time facilitate the installation of the photovoltaic laminate module 2, such as fixing the photovoltaic laminate module 2 to the bracket.

[0025] Among them, the photovoltaic laminate module 2 is the core of the photovoltaic module for power generation. It includes a cell array 21 to convert light energy into electrical energy.

[0026] Specifically, in the photovoltaic module assembly, the photovoltaic laminate 2 is installed in the frame 1, and the frame 1 wraps around the edge of the photovoltaic laminate 2 to form an integral structure.

[0027] In this photovoltaic laminate module 2, the cell matrix 21 inside carries electrical energy, while the frame 1 is usually grounded or connected to other metal components, and the two are at different potentials. Between the outermost side of the cell matrix 21 and the inner side of the frame 1, there is an annular edge gap region, which is the creepage area where current can easily leak along the insulating surface.

[0028] The creepage area includes a creepage structure 3. The creepage structure 3 is not a single component, but a combination of multiple first insulating strips 31 and multiple second insulating strips 32. It should be noted that, due to the high ambient temperature during the fabrication of the photovoltaic laminate module 2, the first and second insulating strips 31 and 32 are made of high-temperature insulating materials to prevent them from melting during the process. In this embodiment, the first insulating strips 31 and 32 are preferably Teflon tapes. It is understood that when Teflon tapes are used as the first and second insulating strips 31 and 32, their application can be achieved through a preset shape cutting and positioning method: First, according to the size of the creepage area and the layout requirements of the first and second insulating strips 31 and 32 being perpendicularly staggered and alternately inserted, the Teflon tapes are cut into the required strips, ensuring that the length and width of each strip of Teflon tape fit the space of the creepage area; then, the cut Teflon tapes are pasted one by one onto the insulating surface within the creepage area, fixed according to the designed positional relationship, ultimately forming a complete creepage structure 3.

[0029] Specifically, the insulating surface within the creepage zone is divided into an upper insulating surface and a lower insulating surface. The upper insulating surface corresponds to the lower surface of the insulating layer above the cell matrix 21 in the photovoltaic laminate module 2, and the lower insulating surface corresponds to the upper surface of the insulating layer below the cell matrix 21. In practical applications, multiple first insulating strips 31 are equally spaced on the upper insulating surface, and multiple second insulating strips 32 are equally spaced on the lower insulating surface. These are not simply arranged side-by-side or stacked, but rather interleaved and nested in adjacent areas. That is, parts of the structure of the first insulating strip 31 are inserted into the gaps between the second insulating strips 32, and parts of the structure of the second insulating strip 32 are also inserted into the gaps between the first insulating strips 31. This interleaved layout forms a more complex structure to extend the creepage path. It should be noted that... (See also...) Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, by setting a creepage structure 3 including multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32 in the creepage area formed between the cell matrix 21 and the frame 1, the design of multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32 being staggered in the vertical direction and adjacent isolation strips being alternately inserted can change the straight or gentle curved leakage path into a tortuous and complex path with multiple turns, thereby extending the creepage distance, improving the insulation performance of the photovoltaic module, and reducing the probability of failures such as insulation failure caused by leakage current.

[0030] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip 31 perpendicular to its own extension direction is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip 32 perpendicular to its own extension direction.

[0031] In this embodiment, by setting the cross-sectional shapes of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 to be consistent, on the one hand, it can ensure that when the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 are staggered and alternately inserted in the vertical direction within the creepage area, their structural adaptability is stronger, and the preset staggered nesting layout can be accurately realized. This avoids the problem that some areas cannot be effectively interlocked due to differences in cross-sectional shape, ensuring that the leakage path can stably extend along the preset trajectory that passes through multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32, ensuring the reliability and consistency of the creepage distance extension effect. On the other hand, it is convenient for the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 to be manufactured using the same processing technology, reducing the production, procurement and management costs of isolation strips of different specifications. At the same time, when assembling and pasting on site, there is no need to distinguish the cross-sectional adaptation relationship of the two isolation strips, simplifying the operation process, reducing assembly errors, improving the assembly efficiency and overall structural stability of the creepage structure 3, and thus ensuring the stable performance of the photovoltaic module's insulation performance.

[0032] In the above embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip 31 perpendicular to its own extension direction is rectangular, and the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip 32 perpendicular to its own extension direction is also rectangular.

[0033] Here, by setting the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 to be rectangular, on the one hand, the rectangular cross-section has regular corners and straight sides, which allows the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 to be arranged at equal intervals on the upper and lower surfaces of the creepage zone insulation. The staggered nesting of adjacent first isolation strips 31 and second isolation strips 32 is more precise and controllable, avoiding problems such as uneven interlacing gaps and shortcuts in the leakage path caused by irregular cross-sectional shapes. This stably constrains the leakage path to a complex path with multiple turns along the edges of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 of the rectangular cross-section, reliably ensuring the extension of the creepage distance. On the other hand, the rectangular cross-section is one of the easiest shapes to achieve in industrial processing. For materials such as Teflon tape, cutting into rectangles does not require complex molds and processes, which can significantly reduce processing costs and difficulties. At the same time, the rectangular structure is easier to position during bonding and assembly, and is less likely to cause assembly misalignment due to shape deviation. This can further improve the assembly efficiency and stability of the creepage structure 3, ultimately ensuring the stable performance of the photovoltaic module insulation and better adapting to the safety requirements of the high-voltage system of gigawatt-level photovoltaic power plants.

[0034] In addition, the first isolation zone 31 and the second isolation zone 32 can also be configured as follows: See Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip 31 perpendicular to its own extension direction is triangular, and the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip 32 perpendicular to its own extension direction is also triangular, and the tips of the cross-sections of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 both face the creepage area.

[0035] Here, by setting the cross-sectional shape of both the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 perpendicular to their extension direction as triangles, with the apexes of both sections facing the creepage zone, on the one hand, the apexes of the triangular cross-sections facing the creepage zone can form more prominent structural protrusions within the creepage zone. When leakage current flows along the insulation surface, the protruding apexes can more significantly change the extension direction of the leakage path, forcing the leakage path to make more frequent turns around the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 of the triangular cross-section, further increasing the tortuosity of the path. Compared with rectangular cross-sections, this can more efficiently extend the actual creepage distance, thereby better improving the insulation performance of photovoltaic modules and better adapting to the stringent insulation safety requirements of gigawatt-level photovoltaic power station high-voltage systems; on the other hand, the triangular cross-section of the first isolation strip 31... While meeting the requirement of extended creepage distance, the structure of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 makes it easier to achieve deep interlocking and nesting of adjacent first isolation strips 31 and second isolation strips 32. The design with the tip facing the creepage area can avoid the interpenetration obstruction between the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 due to the cross-sectional shape, ensuring that the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 can be accurately inserted into the gap of each other when they are staggered in the vertical direction, ensuring the stability of the creepage structure 3 layout. Moreover, the triangular cross-section Teflon tape and other materials still have high convenience in cutting and processing, which can be achieved without complex processes. It takes into account both performance improvement and ease of processing and assembly, ultimately helping photovoltaic modules to maintain reliable insulation performance in complex environments such as humidity and pollutant accumulation, reducing the occurrence of faults such as short circuits and system tripping.

[0036] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the width of the first isolation strip 31 is the same as the width of the second isolation strip 32, and the thickness of the first isolation strip 31 is the same as the thickness of the second isolation strip 32; the width of both the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 does not exceed 5mm, and the thickness of both the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 does not exceed 2mm.

[0037] In this embodiment, by setting the width and thickness of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 to be the same, with the width not exceeding 5mm and the thickness not exceeding 2mm, the consistent design of width and thickness ensures that when the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 are inserted perpendicularly and alternately within the creepage zone, they are highly compatible in structural dimensions. This avoids the problem of uneven spacing between adjacent isolation strips and local shortcuts in the leakage path caused by size differences, ensuring that the leakage path can stably bypass each isolation strip to form a tortuous path, further improving the reliability and consistency of the creepage distance extension effect. At the same time, the size consistency also facilitates the use of unified cutting molds and processing parameters for the two types of isolation strips, reducing the complexity of the production process and material management costs. During assembly and pasting, there is no need to distinguish the size compatibility relationship, reducing operational errors. The design improves the assembly efficiency of the creepage structure 3. On the other hand, the size limit of no more than 5mm in width and no more than 2mm in thickness can effectively control the space occupied by the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 in the creepage area while ensuring the insulation performance and structural strength of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32. This avoids the problem of the actual usable gap in the creepage area being reduced due to the excessive size of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32, which affects the overall assembly compactness of the photovoltaic module. This adapts to the limited edge space requirements of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, the thinner and narrower size design can reduce the amount of materials such as Teflon tape, controlling material costs while ensuring improved insulation performance. Ultimately, it achieves a balance between the insulation performance, structural compactness and cost economy of the photovoltaic module, better meeting the application requirements of the high-voltage system of gigawatt-level photovoltaic power plants.

[0038] The width of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 can be 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, or 5mm, etc.

[0039] The thickness of the first isolation strip 31 and the second isolation strip 32 can be 1 mm or 2 mm, etc.

[0040] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in the creepage structure 3, multiple first isolation strips 31 and multiple second isolation strips 32 are arranged in groups of three adjacent to each other, and the number of cycles in this group conforms to the formula: N = (QX) / 2T; In the formula, N is the number of cycles of the group, Q is the creepage distance required for the photovoltaic module to reach the creepage zone under the target operating voltage, X is the spacing between the cell matrix 21 and the frame 1, and T is the thickness of the first isolation strip 31 or the second isolation strip 32.

[0041] In this embodiment, by specifying the arrangement of multiple first isolation strips 31 and second isolation strips 32 in groups of three adjacent to each other, and providing the formula for calculating the number of cycles per group N=(QX) / 2T, the number of cycles per isolation strip group in the creepage structure 3 can be accurately determined based on the creepage distance Q required by the photovoltaic module under the target operating voltage, the spacing X between the cell matrix 21 and the frame 1, and the isolation strip thickness T. This achieves quantitative design and precise control of the creepage distance. Based on this, it ensures that the creepage distance strictly meets the safety requirements under the target operating voltage, avoiding the problems of insufficient creepage distance due to insufficient number of isolation strips or space waste and increased cost due to excessive number of isolation strips. It also improves the scientificity and operability of the creepage structure 3 design, enabling the photovoltaic module to flexibly adapt to photovoltaic systems of different voltage levels, further ensuring the reliability of the module's insulation performance and the economy of the structural design.

[0042] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, a groove structure 11 is provided on the frame 1, and the photovoltaic laminate module 2 is snapped into the groove structure 11 of the frame 1.

[0043] In this embodiment, the groove structure 11 provides precise positioning and a stable assembly space for the photovoltaic laminate module 2. The snap-fit ​​method allows for rapid initial fixing of the photovoltaic laminate module 2 to the frame 1, simplifying the assembly process compared to traditional bolt connections. This reduces the risk of mechanical damage to the edges of the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and ensures the stability of the photovoltaic laminate module 2 within the frame 1, preventing displacement due to vibration, temperature changes, or other factors during long-term use. Simultaneously, the groove structure 11 provides some shielding and protection for the connection gap between the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and the frame 1, reducing the direct intrusion of external dust, moisture, and other contaminants into the creepage area, lowering the rate of contaminant accumulation in the creepage area, and indirectly helping to maintain the insulation performance of the creepage structure 3. Furthermore, the groove structure 11 enhances the overall structural strength of the photovoltaic module, making the support of the frame 1 for the photovoltaic laminate module 2 more uniform, improving the photovoltaic module's ability to resist external impacts, and ensuring long-term stable operation of the module.

[0044] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, sealant 4 is filled between the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and the frame 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, by filling the gap between the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and the frame 1 with sealant 4, a reliable sealing barrier is first formed in the connection gap between the two, effectively preventing pollutants such as water vapor, dust, and corrosive gases from the external environment from entering the creepage area. This avoids the adhesion and accumulation of pollutants in the creepage area, which would reduce the insulation performance of the creepage structure 3 and reduce the risk of increased leakage current and insulation failure caused by pollutants. This provides a good environmental guarantee for the creepage structure 3 to stably play its role in extending the creepage distance. Secondly, the sealant 4 has a certain bonding strength, which can further enhance the connection stability between the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and the frame 1. Combined with the positioning function of the groove structure 11 of the frame 1, it can... It effectively resists the relative displacement of the module and frame 1 caused by factors such as vibration and temperature changes, ensuring the stability of the creepage area space size and creepage structure 3 layout, and avoiding the disruption of the preset extension trajectory of the leakage path due to module displacement; at the same time, the sealant 4 can also buffer the mechanical stress between the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and the frame 1, reduce the interface stress generated during temperature cycling due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of the two materials, reduce the risk of edge cracking of the photovoltaic laminate module 2 and deformation of the frame 1, thereby improving the overall structural durability and environmental aging resistance of the photovoltaic module, ensuring that the module is in a safe and stable power generation state for a long time, and better adapting to the stringent requirements of long-term outdoor operation of gigawatt-level photovoltaic power plants.

[0046] Among them, sealant 4 can be silicone or the like.

[0047] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic laminated module 2 also includes a first encapsulant layer 22 and a second encapsulant layer 23, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the cell matrix 21.

[0048] In this embodiment, as the direct encapsulation layer of the cell matrix 21, the first encapsulating layer 22 and the second encapsulating layer 23 can isolate the cell matrix 21 from the external environment, effectively blocking the intrusion of pollutants such as moisture and dust, and preventing the cells from becoming damp or contaminated, which could lead to a decrease or failure in power generation performance. At the same time, they can buffer the direct impact of external mechanical shocks on the cells, reducing the risk of microcracks or breakage caused by vibration and collision, and ensuring the stability of the structure and power generation function of the cell matrix 21. Meanwhile, through the adhesive properties of the first encapsulating layer 22 and the second encapsulating layer 23, the cell matrix 21 can be firmly bonded to the other structural layers of the photovoltaic laminate module 2 into a whole, improving the structural integrity and anti-peeling ability of the photovoltaic laminate module 2, and preventing delamination between layers during long-term outdoor use.

[0049] The first adhesive film layer 22 and the second adhesive film layer 23 can be made of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive film layer or polyolefin elastomer adhesive film layer.

[0050] In some possible implementations disclosed in this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic laminate module 2 also includes a front panel 24 and a back panel 25. The front panel 24 is disposed on the side of the first encapsulant layer 22 away from the cell matrix 21, and the back panel 25 is disposed on the side of the second encapsulant layer 23 away from the cell matrix 21.

[0051] In this embodiment, the front panel 24 serves as the front protective layer of the photovoltaic module. It ensures high light transmittance to guarantee efficient light energy reception by the cell matrix 21 while resisting external environmental erosion such as outdoor ultraviolet radiation, wind and rain, and sand and dust abrasion, preventing direct exposure and damage to the internal structure. The back panel 25 serves as the back protective layer, further blocking the intrusion of water vapor, oxygen, and corrosive substances. Together with the front panel 24, they form a comprehensive physical and environmental barrier, effectively protecting the cell matrix 21 and the encapsulant layer, slowing down the aging of the module, and ensuring long-term stable power generation performance. Furthermore, both the front panel 24 and the back panel 25 possess a certain structural strength. Their combined use enhances the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the photovoltaic laminate module 2, preventing bending and cracking due to external forces or temperature changes during transportation, installation, and long-term use. They also help fix the internal layers, preventing interlayer displacement or delamination, further improving the structural stability and lifespan of the photovoltaic module, ensuring its long-term adaptability to the harsh outdoor operating environment of gigawatt-level photovoltaic power plants.

[0052] The front panel 24 can be made of glass, preferably ultra-white tempered glass.

[0053] The back panel 25 can be made of polyvinyl fluoride composite board or polyolefin composite board.

[0054] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.

[0055] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: frame; A photovoltaic laminated module is disposed within the frame, the photovoltaic laminated module includes a cell matrix, and a creepage area is formed between the cell matrix and the frame; A creepage structure is provided within the creepage zone. The creepage structure includes multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips. The multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips are staggered in the vertical direction, and adjacent first isolation strips and second isolation strips are alternately inserted into each other to change the extension direction of the leakage path, so that the leakage path in the creepage zone bypasses the multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips, thereby extending the creepage distance.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the first isolation strip perpendicular to its own extension direction is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the second isolation strip perpendicular to its own extension direction.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first isolation strip has a rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to its extension direction, and the second isolation strip also has a rectangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to its extension direction.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first isolation strip has a triangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to its extension direction, and the second isolation strip also has a triangular cross-sectional shape perpendicular to its extension direction, with the tips of the first isolation strip and the second isolation strip both facing the creepage area.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the first isolation strip is the same as the width of the second isolation strip, and the thickness of the first isolation strip is the same as the thickness of the second isolation strip; the width of both the first isolation strip and the second isolation strip does not exceed 5mm, and the thickness of both the first isolation strip and the second isolation strip does not exceed 2mm.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the creepage structure, multiple first isolation strips and multiple second isolation strips are arranged in groups of three adjacent to each other, and the number of cycles in each group conforms to the formula: N = (QX) / 2T; In the formula, N is the number of cycles of the group, Q is the creepage distance that the photovoltaic module needs to reach in the creepage zone under the target operating voltage, X is the spacing distance between the cell matrix and the frame, and T is the thickness of the first isolation strip or the second isolation strip.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame has a groove structure, and the photovoltaic laminate module is snapped into the groove structure of the frame.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic laminate is filled with sealant between itself and the frame.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic laminated module further includes a first encapsulant layer and a second encapsulant layer, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the cell matrix.

10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The photovoltaic laminated module further includes a front panel and a back panel. The front panel is disposed on the side of the first encapsulant layer away from the cell matrix, and the back panel is disposed on the side of the second encapsulant layer away from the cell matrix.

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