Charging method of power battery box, power battery box, device, equipment and system

Abstract

The application provides a charging method, a power battery box, a device, equipment and a system. The power battery box is charged by collecting level signals of a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface; a target charging program is determined from a preset charging program according to the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, the preset charging program including an independent charging program, a battery swap station charging program and an on-board charging program; and a battery management unit and a water cooling unit are woken up according to the target charging program to complete a charging process of the power battery box, so that the independent charging capability and multi-mode compatibility of the power battery box are realized, and the charging convenience of the power battery box is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery charging technology, and in particular to a charging method, power battery box, device, equipment and system for a power battery box. Background Technology

[0002] In scenarios such as warehousing and logistics, and port terminals, power battery boxes, as the core power modules of stackers (such as electric forklifts, AGVs and other logistics equipment), are widely used in industrial scenarios such as warehousing and logistics, factory production lines, and port operations. Their charging needs are highly dependent on efficient and flexible charging solutions.

[0003] In existing technologies, charging of power battery boxes mainly relies on battery swapping stations or battery swapping vehicles; for example, power is supplied to the power battery box through a fixed battery swapping base, or a mobile battery swapping vehicle carrying power supply equipment is used to supply power to the power battery box.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned charging process, which involves a fixed battery swapping base and power supply system, has significant limitations in practical applications and reduces the convenience of charging the power battery box. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a charging method, power battery box, device, equipment, and system for a power battery box, in order to solve the problems of high complexity, high cost, and poor flexibility of the charging system for power battery boxes in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a charging method for a power battery box, wherein the power battery box is provided with a battery management unit and a water-cooled unit, and the battery management unit is provided with a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface, the method comprising:

[0007] Collect the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface;

[0008] Based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, a target charging program is determined from the preset charging programs. The preset charging programs include an independent charging program, a battery swapping station charging program, and an on-board charging program.

[0009] According to the target charging program, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are activated to complete the charging process of the power battery box.

[0010] Further, based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, the target charging program is determined from the preset charging program, including:

[0011] Based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, determine the high-level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface;

[0012] When the high-level signal indicates that neither the first mode detection interface nor the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, then the independent charging program is determined as the target charging program from the preset charging program;

[0013] When the high-level signal indicates that the first mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, and the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, then the battery swapping station charging program is determined to be the target charging program from the preset charging program;

[0014] When the high-level signal indicates that the first mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal and the second mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, the on-board charging program is determined to be the target charging program from the preset charging program.

[0015] Further, according to the target charging program, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are activated to complete the charging process of the power battery pack, including:

[0016] According to the target charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained;

[0017] In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are woken up to obtain the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit;

[0018] The charging process of the power battery box is completed based on the target battery management unit, the target water-cooled unit, and the charging interaction signal.

[0019] Further, based on the target charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained, including:

[0020] When the target charging program is an independent charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained according to the plug-in signal related to the connection with the charging pile.

[0021] When the target charging program is a battery swapping station charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained based on the power signal provided by the battery swapping station through the battery swapping base connector.

[0022] When the target charging program is an on-board charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained based on the power signal provided by the vehicle host through the on-board base connector.

[0023] Further, in response to the wake-up signals of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are woken up to obtain the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit, including:

[0024] In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit, the charging process of the battery management unit is completed through the first path;

[0025] In response to the wake-up signal of the water-cooled unit, the charging process of the water-cooled unit is completed through the second path;

[0026] Based on the charging process of the battery management unit and the charging process of the water-cooled unit, the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit are obtained.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a power battery box, comprising:

[0028] Box;

[0029] The battery management unit and the water-cooling unit are both housed within the enclosure.

[0030] The battery management unit is equipped with a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface;

[0031] An external device connection unit is disposed on the housing.

[0032] Furthermore, the external device connection unit is connected to the battery swapping station and the vehicle's main electrical unit;

[0033] When the external device connection unit is electrically connected to the battery swapping station, the external device connection unit is used to receive the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery swapping station;

[0034] When the external device connection unit is electrically connected to the vehicle host, the external device connection unit is used to receive the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the vehicle host.

[0035] Thirdly, this application provides a charging device for a power battery box, comprising:

[0036] The level signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface;

[0037] The charging program determination module is used to determine a target charging program from preset charging programs based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface. The preset charging programs include independent charging programs, battery swapping station charging programs, and on-board charging programs.

[0038] The charging module is used to wake up the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit according to the target charging program, and complete the charging process of the power battery box.

[0039] Fourthly, this application provides a charging device for a power battery box, including: a memory and a processor;

[0040] The memory stores computer-executed instructions;

[0041] The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0042] Fifthly, this application provides a charging system for a power battery box, including a computer program and a power battery box, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any of the first aspects;

[0043] The power battery box is as described in any of the second aspects.

[0044] This application provides a charging method, power battery box, device, equipment, and system for a power battery box. The method involves acquiring the level signals from a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface; determining a target charging program from a preset charging program based on the level signals from the first and second mode detection interfaces. The preset charging programs include an independent charging program, a battery swapping station charging program, and an on-board charging program; and activating the battery management unit and water-cooled unit according to the target charging program to complete the charging process of the power battery box. This achieves independent charging capability and multi-mode compatibility for the power battery box, improving the charging convenience of the power battery box. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the charging method for the power battery box provided in this application.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the power battery box provided in this application;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the charging system for the power battery box provided in this application;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the charging device for the power battery box provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the charging equipment for the power battery box provided in this application.

[0051] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0053] This application applies to charging scenarios for the power battery boxes of forklifts (such as counterbalance forklifts and reach trucks), and is particularly suitable for dynamic operating environments such as warehousing and logistics, and port terminals that require frequent battery swapping and short-term energy replenishment. In these application scenarios, the forklift power battery boxes need to be charged via charging piles, battery swapping stations, or vehicle-mounted systems. However, traditional solutions rely on fixed equipment (such as battery swapping station bases) or redundant hardware (such as built-in 24V batteries), resulting in high system complexity and cost. This solution combines hardware wake-up signals with software logic, enabling the power battery box to be charged independently via charging piles or vehicle-mounted systems, while also being compatible with battery swapping station charging modes. It eliminates the need for manual parameter switching and adapts to flexible deployment requirements across multiple scenarios.

[0054] In existing technologies, charging of power battery boxes relies on battery swapping stations or battery swapping carts, which presents the following problems: 1) The battery swapping base has a complex mechanical structure and requires a fixed site, resulting in high equipment costs and poor flexibility; 2) The built-in 24V battery occupies internal space in the battery box, increasing equipment weight and maintenance complexity; 3) Different charging modes require manual switching of hardware interfaces, resulting in poor compatibility. For example, in warehousing scenarios, forklifts need to frequently replace battery boxes, but traditional battery swapping stations require fixed space, and the built-in battery design limits the compact layout of the battery box. In addition, the risk of reverse power supply (such as conflict between the charging pile power supply and the BMS circuit loop) may lead to charging failure or equipment damage, further increasing system complexity.

[0055] Based on the aforementioned technical problems, the core technical concept of this application lies in achieving independent charging capability for the power battery pack through the collaborative design of hardware logic and software control, while ensuring compatibility with multiple charging modes (such as on-board charging, battery swapping station charging, and ground charging). This technical concept eliminates the mechanical dependence on traditional battery swapping stations or external bases, directly activating the BMS (Battery Management System) and water-cooled unit using the 24V power supply of the charging pile. Combined with diode protection components and optimized BMS control logic, automatic identification and switching of charging modes are achieved. This solution eliminates the need for a built-in 24V battery, solving the problems of high complexity, high cost, and poor flexibility in existing charging systems through hardware signal detection (such as charging port voltage pin signals) and software program logic linkage.

[0056] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the charging method for the power battery box provided in this application. Figure 1 As shown, the power battery box proposed in this embodiment of the application is equipped with a battery management unit and a water-cooling unit, and the battery management unit is equipped with a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface.

[0058] The battery management unit (BMU) is an electronic control unit used to manage battery charging and discharging, temperature control, and safety protection. For example, the BMU determines the charging mode by detecting the voltage pin signal at the charging port.

[0059] A water-cooled unit is a device that uses circulating coolant to cool the power battery pack. For example, a water-cooled unit starts up after the battery management unit is activated, maintaining the battery temperature within a safe range.

[0060] The specific method is as follows:

[0061] S101. Acquire the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface.

[0062] In this step, the battery pack connects to the external environment via a battery swapping tray connector at its bottom. When the battery pack is placed in different physical locations, external devices send pattern recognition signals to the battery management unit through specific pins of the connector.

[0063] For example, when the power battery box is placed on the independent charging tray of the battery swapping station, no external device sends a 24V signal to it through the base connector. Therefore, neither the first mode detection interface nor the second mode detection interface detects the target high-level signal (24V), meaning both are either low-level or floating.

[0064] When the battery pack is picked up by the battery swapping equipment at the swapping station and is ready to be charged, the station's control system sends a continuous 24V target high-level signal to the second mode detection interface of the battery management unit through the first base connector. At this time, the first mode detection interface has no signal.

[0065] When the battery pack is installed on the vehicle's (such as a forklift's) onboard battery swapping base, the vehicle's main controller sends a continuous 24V target high-level signal to the first mode detection interface of the battery management unit via the first base connector. At this time, the second mode detection interface has no signal.

[0066] In this step, the battery management unit is powered on or periodically executed to collect the voltage levels of these two key interfaces, providing raw data for subsequent mode determination.

[0067] This application achieves digital perception of complex external charging scenarios by acquiring voltage levels through two simple hardware interfaces. This method boasts extremely low hardware cost, high reliability, and avoids complex communication protocol parsing or manual settings, laying the foundation for fully automated pattern recognition.

[0068] S102. Determine the target charging program from the preset charging program based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface.

[0069] Among them, the preset charging program refers to the complete control logic software package that is pre-written and stored in the battery management unit for different charging scenarios, including independent charging programs, battery swapping station charging programs and on-board charging programs.

[0070] The independent charging program is used for charging the power battery pack when it is detached from the vehicle and on the charging rack; the battery swapping station charging program is used for charging the power battery pack under the control of the battery swapping station equipment; and the on-board charging program is used for charging the power battery pack while it is in the vehicle.

[0071] The target charging program refers to the specific charging program that needs to be loaded and executed based on the currently acquired level signal. It is important to note that different charging programs differ in their wake-up timing, fault diagnosis logic, communication protocols with external devices (charging piles / battery swapping stations / vehicles), and interaction processes.

[0072] In this step, the specific implementation method is as follows:

[0073] Based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, determine the high-level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface;

[0074] When a high-level signal indicates that neither the first mode detection interface nor the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal (taking 24V as an example in this embodiment), the logic determines that the power battery box is in an "independent charging" environment. Therefore, the independent charging program is selected from the preset charging programs as the target charging program for this charging process.

[0075] When the acquired high-level signal indicates that the first-mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, but the second-mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, the logic determines that the power battery box is being controlled by the battery swapping station equipment. Therefore, the battery swapping station charging program is selected as the target charging program from the preset target program.

[0076] When the acquired high-level signal indicates that the first-mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, and the second-mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, the logic determines that the power battery pack has been installed on the vehicle. Therefore, the on-board charging program is selected as the target charging program from the preset target programs.

[0077] This application transforms hardware level signals into explicit software execution paths. Through an extremely simple and unambiguous two-input logic judgment, it achieves precise differentiation and adaptive switching between three complex scenarios, ensuring that all subsequent control actions strictly match the current physical environment and fundamentally eliminating the risk of program misuse.

[0078] S103. Based on the target charging program, obtain the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit.

[0079] The wake-up signal is a trigger signal used to switch the battery management unit or water-cooled unit from a low-power sleep state to a full-function working state, such as a specific voltage pulse or level.

[0080] The charging interaction signal refers to the plug-in detection signal, which is used to notify the battery management unit that "the charging gun is physically connected". It is a necessary condition for starting the communication process with the charging pile.

[0081] This step specifically includes:

[0082] When the target charging program is an independent charging program, the power battery pack is in an "orphan" state, and its wake-up depends entirely on the connection action of the charging gun. Therefore, the wake-up signal of the battery management unit, the wake-up signal of the water-cooled unit, and the charging interaction signal all originate from the "plug-in signal related to the connection with the charging pile." The plug-in signal refers to the raw signal that characterizes the connection status of the charging gun, which is collected from a specific pin of the charging gun interface (such as the international DC charging port) of the power battery pack. Specifically, the plug-in signal serves as the main source, generating the above three signals through three parallel diode branches.

[0083] When the target charging program is a battery swapping station charging program, the wake-up signal for the power battery pack should be initiated by the battery swapping station. Therefore, the wake-up signals for the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are both obtained from the power signal provided by the battery swapping station through the battery swapping tray connector, while the charging interaction signal still originates from the charging gun insertion signal. Here, the power signal refers to the power source used to generate the wake-up signal.

[0084] When the target charging program is an on-board charging program, the power battery pack becomes part of the vehicle, and its wake-up should be controlled by the vehicle's main unit. Therefore, the wake-up signals for the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are both derived from the power signal provided by the vehicle's main unit through the on-board chassis connector. Similarly, the charging interaction signal (plug detection signal) originates solely from the plug signal of the charging gun.

[0085] This application implements scenario-adaptive signal routing. Under different charging modes, it intelligently selects the most reasonable and reliable signal source. Especially in non-independent charging mode, it transfers the wake-up control of the battery management unit and water-cooled unit to the battery swapping station or vehicle host, avoiding accidental wake-ups caused by mis-triggering of the charging gun signal, and improving the coordination and safety of the entire energy replenishment system.

[0086] S104. In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, wake up the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit to obtain the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit.

[0087] This step specifically includes:

[0088] In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit, the charging process of the battery management unit is completed through the first path; at the same time, in response to the wake-up signal of the water-cooled unit, the charging process of the water-cooled unit is completed through the second path; based on the charging process of the battery management unit and the charging process of the water-cooled unit, the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit are obtained.

[0089] Specifically, regardless of whether the wake-up signal of the battery management unit comes from the plug-in signal branch or an external device (swapping station or vehicle), when it reaches the wake-up hardware pin of the battery management unit, the hardware power management module of the battery management unit is triggered. The microcontroller of the battery management unit powers on and starts up, loads the operating system, runs the self-test program, and initializes the sensors and communication modules (such as the CAN bus), thereby completing the charging process preparation of the battery management unit and transforming it into a target battery management unit that can be charged and controlled.

[0090] Furthermore, the wake-up signal for the water-cooled unit, regardless of whether it originates from the charging port signal branch or an external device (battery swapping station or vehicle), will be sent to the water-cooled unit's controller. Upon wake-up, the water-cooled unit activates components such as the water pump and fan, preparing for thermal management based on battery temperature. This completes the charging process preparation for the water-cooled unit, transforming it into a working target water-cooled unit.

[0091] On the other hand, the wake-up process for both the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit can occur in parallel. Once both are ready, i.e., the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit are obtained, the power battery pack has the basic conditions for safe charging.

[0092] This application process ensures that all critical sub-units (control core battery management unit and thermal management core water-cooled unit) are in place before charging energy flows. This on-demand, multi-path wake-up mechanism is more energy-efficient than the traditional all-inclusive power-on method and clarifies the responsible start-up source for each sub-unit, facilitating the diagnosis and troubleshooting of the power battery pack.

[0093] S105. Based on the target battery management unit, the target water-cooled unit, and the charging interaction signals, complete the charging process of the power battery box.

[0094] The charging process refers to the complete energy transfer and control process from the moment the charging pile is connected to the battery pack until the battery is fully charged. It includes standard steps such as insulation detection, handshake, parameter configuration, charging stages (constant current / constant voltage), and charging completion. The entire process is coordinated and controlled by the battery management unit and the charging pile through a communication protocol (such as GB / T 27930), while the water-cooled unit is responsible for maintaining the battery temperature within a safe range.

[0095] For example, after being woken up, the target battery management unit continuously monitors charging interaction signals (plug-in detection signals). Once a valid plug-in detection signal is detected (i.e., the charging gun is connected), the battery management unit establishes a connection with the charging pile via a communication link such as the CAN bus. Subsequently, the battery management unit executes its target charging program (standalone, battery swapping station, or vehicle-mounted program). This program guides the battery management unit to perform necessary additional interactions with the corresponding external devices (for example, in battery swapping station charging mode, it may need to send a "ready" signal to the battery swapping station equipment; in vehicle-mounted charging mode, it may need to report the battery status to the vehicle's main unit).

[0096] After completing all pre-processing interactions and checks, the battery management unit (BMU) and the charging station enter the standard charging handshake and parameter configuration phase. Once an agreement is reached, the BMU closes the main relay, and the charging station begins outputting electrical energy to charge the battery.

[0097] In addition, throughout the charging process, the target water-cooled unit dynamically adjusts the cooling intensity based on the battery temperature information sent by the battery management unit to ensure that the battery operates within the optimal temperature window. When the battery in the power battery pack reaches full charge or receives a stop command, the battery management unit controls the end of charging, disconnects the relay, and notifies the relevant equipment, completing the entire charging process.

[0098] This application ensures that, in any identified scenario, the charging process is executed in the most efficient, safest, and scenario-specific manner. The entire solution achieves seamless automation from "physical placement of the battery box" to "automatic completion of charging," significantly improving user experience and operational efficiency.

[0099] This application embodiment automatically and unambiguously distinguishes between three scenarios—independent charging, battery swapping station charging, and on-board charging—by detecting the level combination of two mode recognition interfaces on the battery management unit, and intelligently switches the corresponding charging control program and signal routing path accordingly. This method solves the technical problems in existing technologies where power battery boxes rely on manual configuration or a single signal for charging mode switching in multiple scenarios, lack adaptive environmental recognition, resulting in poor versatility, low automation, and the risk of false wake-ups. It achieves hardware-level automatic identification and full-process adaptive control of charging modes, significantly improving the intelligence level, deployment flexibility, and operational reliability of the battery management unit.

[0100] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the power battery box provided in this application. Figure 2As shown, the power battery box 20 is a physical entity integrating intelligent control and thermal management functions, and its structural design closely serves the aforementioned "charging method for the power battery box". This power battery box is not only an energy storage unit, but also an intelligent terminal with environmental perception, decision-making, and execution capabilities. Its core structure is broken down as follows, including:

[0101] The housing 201 is the physical outer shell and supporting frame of the power battery box, providing mechanical protection, environmental sealing (waterproof and dustproof) and structural strength for all internal components to meet safety requirements under operating conditions such as vehicle driving and battery swapping.

[0102] The battery management unit 202 and the water-cooled unit 203 are included. The battery management unit, acting as the "brain" and core controller of the power battery box 20, is fixed inside the box 201. Its core feature is the integration of a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface. These two mode detection interfaces are key hardware sensors for achieving automatic scene recognition in this invention. The battery management unit continuously acquires external level signals through these two mode detection interfaces and has built-in software and hardware circuitry to execute all logical judgments, program switching, and charging process control of the aforementioned methods S101 to S105.

[0103] The water-cooled unit 203, serving as the "temperature control unit" of the power battery box 20, is also fixed inside the box 201. It consists of a compressor, water pump, radiator, piping, etc., and is responsible for cooling or heating the battery module according to the instructions of the battery management unit during charging and discharging, ensuring that the battery always operates within a safe and efficient temperature range.

[0104] External device connection unit 204 is the "central hub" or "port set" for electrical connection and signal interaction between the power battery box 20 and external devices. It is physically located on the surface of the box 201 (usually the bottom or side) to facilitate quick plug-in and plug-out connection.

[0105] Specifically, the external device connection unit is not a single interface, but an integrated connector cluster, containing at least the following three key interfaces: (1) Battery swapping tray connector: used for mechanical locking and electrical connection with the charging tray or battery swapping equipment of the battery swapping station. Through specific pins of this connector, the battery swapping station can send charging interaction signals and wake-up signals to the battery management unit of the power battery box 20. (2) Vehicle-mounted tray connector: used for mechanical locking and electrical connection with the battery base on the vehicle (such as a forklift). Through specific pins of this connector, the vehicle host can send charging interaction signals and wake-up signals to the battery management unit of the power battery box 20. (3) Charging gun interface: a standardized charging interface (such as a national standard DC charging port) used to connect the charging gun. The gun insertion signal it provides is the source of the gun insertion detection signal and all wake-up signals in the independent charging mode.

[0106] For example, when the power battery box 20 is placed in different scenarios (independent bracket, battery swapping equipment, vehicle base) through the external device connection unit 204, the corresponding external device (or no device) will send or not send a 24V level signal to the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface of the battery management unit 202 inside the box 201 through different physical pins.

[0107] When the battery management unit 202 detects the combination of the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, it instantly completes the scenario determination and activates the corresponding charging program (standalone, battery swapping station, vehicle-mounted). Then, according to the determined program, the battery management unit 202 logically "allows" the corresponding wake-up path to take effect. The wake-up signal either comes from the battery swapping station or vehicle host signal transmitted by the external device connection unit 204, or is generated by its internal circuitry from the plug-in signal of the charging gun interface, thereby waking up itself and the water-cooled unit 203.

[0108] Finally, the awakened battery management unit 202 works in conjunction with the water-cooled unit 203 to communicate with the charging pile through the charging gun interface in the external device connection unit 204, and completes safe charging under the protection of thermal management.

[0109] The power battery box structure provided in this embodiment achieves hardware embodiment of a multi-scenario charging control method by coordinating a battery management unit with a dual-mode detection interface, a water-cooling unit, and an integrated external device connection unit within a unified box. This structure makes the power battery box an independent intelligent terminal with autonomous environmental perception, intelligent decision-making, and execution capabilities. Without relying on external configuration or manual intervention, it can seamlessly and automatically switch and adapt between three scenarios: independent charging at battery swapping stations, charging of battery swapping equipment, and on-board charging. This significantly improves the versatility, deployment efficiency, and overall system reliability and automation level of the power battery box in complex battery swapping operation networks.

[0110] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the charging system for the power battery box provided in this application. Figure 3 As shown, the power battery pack uses the level states of two dedicated hardware pins (PIN14 and PIN24) as a "scene selection switch" to dynamically reconstruct the source paths of all subsequent wake-up and detection signals. The entire hardware structure can be viewed as a configurable signal routing network.

[0111] For example, when the current charging mode of the power battery box is independent charging, the power battery box is placed on the independent charging rack of the battery swapping station.

[0112] Specifically, the battery swapping tray connector at the bottom of the power battery box connects to the charging bracket, but the bracket does not provide any 24V wake-up / mode signal. That is, pins PIN14 and PIN24 are either floating or at a low level. At this time, the charging gun is inserted into the charging gun interface of the power battery box.

[0113] The steps in this charging mode include: (1) The battery management unit is powered on or periodically checks PIN14 and PIN24. Both are detected as having no 24V signal. At this time, the internal logic of the battery management unit is immediately locked into an independent charging program. (2) When the charging gun is inserted, pin 2 (CC2) of the charging gun interface generates a gun insertion signal (818 / 828). This signal becomes the sole source of all subsequent actions in this mode. (3) Generate a gun insertion detection signal: The gun insertion signal (818 / 828) is transmitted to the first diode, generating an 830 signal and sending it to pin 19 of the battery management unit. The battery management unit confirms a valid charging gun connection based on this. (4) Wake up the battery management unit: The gun insertion signal (818 / 828) is transmitted to the second diode, generating a 527 signal. This 527 signal is sent directly to the wake-up pin of the battery management unit as a hardware wake-up signal. At this time, the battery management unit is woken up from sleep mode. (5) Wake up the water-cooled unit: Send the insertion signal (818 / 828) to the third diode to generate the 526 signal, and send the signal to the wake-up pin of the water-cooled unit controller. At this time, the water-cooled unit starts. (6) Execute the charging process: Under the independent charging program control, the battery management unit shakes hands and configures parameters with the charging pile through the charging communication line (CAN bus), and controls the main contactor to engage to start charging. The water-cooled unit works according to the instructions of the battery management unit.

[0114] In independent charging mode, the charging system of the power battery pack follows a simple "plug and play" logic. The plug-in signal simultaneously performs three major tasks: "information transmission," "wake-up of the battery management unit," and "wake-up of the water-cooled unit." These functions are distributed through three separate paths via diode isolation.

[0115] When the current charging mode of the power battery box is the battery swapping station charging mode, the power battery box is placed on the battery swapping equipment (robotic arm / transfer trolley) of the battery swapping station. The battery swapping base connector at the bottom of the power battery box is tightly connected and locked with the connector of the battery swapping equipment. At this time, the charging gun is inserted into the charging gun interface of the battery box (which may be automatically plugged and unplugged by the battery swapping equipment).

[0116] The steps in this charging mode include: (1) The battery swapping device sends a continuous 24V high-level signal to the PIN24 pin of the battery management unit through pin 3 of the bottom connector 1. There is no signal on pin 14. The battery management unit detects (PIN14=no, PIN24=yes) and immediately switches to the charging program of the battery swapping station. The 24V signal itself is also a mode switching command. (2) The battery swapping station control system actively provides wake-up power through hardware connection at appropriate times (such as after the battery is in place). For example, it outputs a 527 signal through pin 1 of the bottom connector 2 of the battery swapping device to directly wake up the battery management unit; and outputs a 526 signal through pin 1 of the bottom connector 1 of the battery swapping device to directly wake up the water-cooled unit. It should be noted that this step is before or independent of the gun insertion action, which reflects the active control of the battery swapping station over the charging process. (3) Gun insertion detection: After the charging gun is inserted, the gun insertion signal (818 / 828) is sent to diode 3 to generate an 830 signal, and the signal is sent to pin 19 of the battery management unit. (4) Execute the charging process: The battery management unit runs the battery swapping station charging program, which may include additional communication with the battery swapping station controller (such as reporting battery ID and readiness status). Subsequently, the battery management unit interacts with the charging pile and charges.

[0117] In this mode, pattern recognition, battery management unit, and water-cooled unit wake-up are all initiated proactively by the battery swapping station. The role of the plug-in signal is "downgraded" to a simple connection status feedback, enabling coordinated operation among multiple levels of equipment (battery swapping station, battery management unit, charging pile).

[0118] When the current charging mode of the power battery box is on-board charging mode, the power battery box is installed on the battery compartment / battery swapping base of the vehicle (such as a forklift). The on-board base connector at the bottom of the power battery box fully mates and locks with the connector* on the vehicle base, making the power battery box part of the vehicle's high-voltage system. During charging, the charging gun is inserted into the charging interface of the vehicle or the battery box.

[0119] The steps in this charging mode include: (1) The vehicle host sends a continuous 24V high-level signal to pin PIN14 of the battery management unit through pin 4 of the vehicle undercarriage connector. There is no signal at pin PIN24. When the battery management unit detects the above-mentioned level signal (PIN14=present, PIN24=absent), it immediately switches to the vehicle charging program. (2) When the driver or vehicle system decides to charge, the vehicle host actively controls: outputs a 527 signal through the vehicle undercarriage connector to wake up the battery management unit; outputs a 526 signal through the vehicle undercarriage connector to wake up the water-cooled unit. This step reflects the vehicle's management of the on-board components (battery box). (3) Gun insertion detection: After the charging gun is inserted, the insertion signal (818 / 828) generates an 830 signal through diode 3 and sends it to pin 19 of the battery management unit. Similarly, this signal is only used for confirmation. (4) Execution of charging process: The battery management unit runs the on-board charging program. This program needs to maintain communication with the vehicle host, report the battery status, and receive charging instructions. As a sub-node of the vehicle, the battery management unit interacts with the charging pile to complete the charging process with the permission or cooperation of the vehicle host. The charging process may be affected by the vehicle's energy management strategy.

[0120] In this charging mode, the power battery pack functions as a subsystem of the vehicle. The vehicle's main unit is the highest controller, responsible for mode setting and wake-up. Within the framework of the onboard program, the battery management unit serves both the vehicle's main unit and the charging station, achieving coordination among the vehicle, battery, and charging station.

[0121] The hardware structure provided in this application integrates pattern recognition pins (PIN14 / PIN24), a configurable signal routing network (diode path), and multi-source external connectors (charging port, battery swapping tray) into one unit, achieving hardware-level automatic identification and intelligent signal source switching in charging scenarios. This ensures that the wake-up rights of the battery management unit and water-cooled unit are correctly assigned to different scenarios (charging pile, station, vehicle), avoiding signal conflicts and false wake-ups. Furthermore, with extremely high reliability and zero manual intervention cost, it significantly improves the versatility, deployment efficiency, and intelligent level of system collaboration of the power battery pack in complex battery swapping operation networks.

[0122] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the charging device for the power battery box provided in this application. Figure 4 As shown, the charging device 40 for the power battery box provided in this embodiment includes:

[0123] The level signal acquisition unit 401 is used to acquire the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface;

[0124] The charging program determination module 402 is used to determine the target charging program from the preset charging programs based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface. The preset charging programs include an independent charging program, a battery swapping station charging program, and an on-board charging program.

[0125] The charging module 403 is used to wake up the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit according to the target charging program to complete the charging process of the power battery box.

[0126] In one possible implementation, the charging procedure determination module 402 is further specifically used for:

[0127] Based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, determine the high-level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface;

[0128] When the high-level signal indicates that neither the first mode detection interface nor the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, the independent charging program is determined as the target charging program from the preset charging program.

[0129] When a high-level signal indicates that the first mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, and the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, the battery swapping station charging program is determined to be the target charging program from the preset charging program.

[0130] When a high-level signal indicates that the first mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, and the second mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, the on-board charging program is determined as the target charging program from the preset charging program.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the charging module 403 is further specifically used for:

[0132] Based on the target charging program, the wake-up signals and charging interaction signals of the battery management unit and water-cooled unit are obtained;

[0133] In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are woken up, and the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit are obtained;

[0134] The charging process of the power battery box is completed based on the target battery management unit, the target water-cooled unit, and the charging interaction signals.

[0135] In one possible implementation, the charging module 403 is further specifically used for:

[0136] When the target charging program is an independent charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and water-cooled unit are obtained based on the plug-in signal related to the connection with the charging pile.

[0137] When the target charging program is the battery swapping station charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained based on the power signal provided by the battery swapping station through the battery swapping base connector.

[0138] When the target charging program is the on-board charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and water cooling unit are obtained based on the power signal provided by the vehicle host through the on-board base connector.

[0139] In one possible implementation, the charging module 403 is further specifically used for:

[0140] In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit, the charging process of the battery management unit is completed through the first path;

[0141] In response to the wake-up signal of the water-cooled unit, the charging process of the water-cooled unit is completed through the second path;

[0142] Based on the charging process of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit are obtained.

[0143] The charging device for the power battery box provided in this embodiment can execute the method provided in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described in detail here.

[0144] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the charging equipment for the power battery box provided in this application. Figure 5 As shown, the charging device 50 for the power battery box provided in this embodiment includes at least one processor 501 and a memory 502. Optionally, the device 50 further includes a communication component 503. The processor 501, memory 502, and communication component 503 are connected via a bus 504.

[0145] In a specific implementation, at least one processor 501 executes computer execution instructions stored in memory 502, causing at least one processor 501 to perform the above-described method.

[0146] The specific implementation process of processor 501 can be found in the above method embodiments, and its implementation principle and technical effect are similar. It will not be repeated here.

[0147] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0148] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) and may also include non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device.

[0149] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0150] This application also provides a charging system for a power battery box, including a computer program and a power battery box, wherein the computer program implements the above-described method when executed by a processor.

[0151] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0152] Finally, it should be noted that other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein, and is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of charging a power battery pack, characterized in that, The power battery box is equipped with a battery management unit and a water-cooled unit. The battery management unit is equipped with a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface. The method includes: Collect the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface; Based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface, a target charging program is determined from the preset charging programs. The preset charging programs include an independent charging program, a battery swapping station charging program, and an on-board charging program, specifically: Determine the high-level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface; When the high-level signal indicates that neither the first mode detection interface nor the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, then the independent charging program is determined as the target charging program from the preset charging program; When the high-level signal indicates that the first mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, and the second mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal, then the battery swapping station charging program is determined to be the target charging program from the preset charging program; When the high-level signal indicates that the first mode detection interface has detected the target high-level signal and the second mode detection interface has not detected the target high-level signal, the on-board charging program is determined to be the target charging program from the preset charging program. According to the target charging program, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are activated to complete the charging process of the power battery box.

2. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized by, According to the target charging program, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are activated to complete the charging process of the power battery box, including: According to the target charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained; In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are woken up to obtain the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit; The charging process of the power battery box is completed based on the target battery management unit, the target water-cooled unit, and the charging interaction signal.

3. The charging method according to claim 2, characterized by, According to the target charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained, including: When the target charging program is an independent charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained according to the plug-in signal related to the connection with the charging pile. When the target charging program is a battery swapping station charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained based on the power signal provided by the battery swapping station through the battery swapping base connector. When the target charging program is an on-board charging program, the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are obtained based on the power signal provided by the vehicle host through the on-board base connector.

4. The charging method according to claim 2, characterized by, In response to the wake-up signals of the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit, the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit are woken up to obtain the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit, including: In response to the wake-up signal of the battery management unit, the charging process of the battery management unit is completed through the first path; In response to the wake-up signal of the water-cooled unit, the charging process of the water-cooled unit is completed through the second path; Based on the charging process of the battery management unit and the charging process of the water-cooled unit, the target battery management unit and the target water-cooled unit are obtained.

5. A power battery pack based on the charging method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, include: Box; The battery management unit and the water-cooling unit are both housed within the enclosure. The battery management unit is equipped with a first mode detection interface and a second mode detection interface; An external device connection unit is disposed on the housing.

6. The power battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The external device connection unit is connected to the battery swapping station and the vehicle's main electrical unit. When the external device connection unit is electrically connected to the battery swapping station, the external device connection unit is used to receive the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the battery swapping station; When the external device connection unit is electrically connected to the vehicle host, the external device connection unit is used to receive the wake-up signal and charging interaction signal of the vehicle host.

7. A charging device based on the power battery box according to any one of claims 5-6, characterized in that, include: The level signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface; The charging program determination module is used to determine a target charging program from preset charging programs based on the level signals of the first mode detection interface and the second mode detection interface. The preset charging programs include independent charging programs, battery swapping station charging programs, and on-board charging programs. The charging module is used to wake up the battery management unit and the water-cooled unit according to the target charging program, and complete the charging process of the power battery box.

8. A charging device for a power battery box, characterized in that, include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executed instructions; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. A charging system for a power battery box, characterized in that, Includes a computer program and a power battery box, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-4; The power battery box is as described in any one of claims 5-6.

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