A wet farmland ecological barrier zone and a construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an ecological barrier zone for moist cultivated land and its construction method, belonging to the field of integrated crop farming technology. The method includes the following steps: constructing a flood control dam: setting up a flood control dam along the low-lying side of the moist cultivated land boundary; constructing a ditch system: digging drainage ditches on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam, setting water-collecting and storage ditches along the high-lying side of the moist cultivated land boundary, and setting up ecological purification ditches within the moist cultivated land. The drainage ditches, water-collecting and storage ditches, and ecological purification ditches are interconnected, and plants are planted within the ecological purification ditches to form ecological habitats; constructing a biological control system: constructing a biological control zone within the moist cultivated land, and setting up beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities within the biological control zone. This can create stable hydrological conditions, abundant habitat resources, and strong biological control capabilities, achieving a comprehensive effect of protecting the land, stabilizing yields, increasing yields, and improving quality. It is mainly suitable for moist cultivated land that is prone to floods, experiences significant drought fluctuations, and faces high pest and disease pressure, especially paddy fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated cropping technology, and in particular to an ecological barrier belt for moist farmland and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In a broad sense, an ecological barrier refers to a region's ecosystem structure, function, and processes being largely unaffected by external environmental damage and threats. It is a multi-layered and orderly stable pattern that shields and protects the ecological environment of surrounding areas, forming a complex system for maintaining regional and external ecological security and sustainable development. Traditionally, the construction of ecological barriers requires large areas of natural ecosystems; however, this is difficult to implement due to limitations imposed by existing land types and ownership.

[0003] The marginal plots surrounding paddy fields, due to their small size and unique geographical location, are often easily overlooked or not included in the protection scope of the ecological barrier. Although these plots are not strictly within the protection red line, if they are given more attention in actual management and are rationally developed or utilized, the overall protection effect of arable land can be significantly improved.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a system that can build an ecological barrier to leverage its multiple ecosystem functions, such as regulating hydrology, purifying water quality, sequestering carbon and reducing emissions, and supporting biodiversity for agriculture. This system is of great practical importance and ecological and economic value for promoting water conservation and emission reduction in paddy fields and improving soil health. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide an ecological barrier belt for moist farmland and a method for its construction. By setting up flood control dams, water collection and drainage ditches, water storage ditches and ecological purification ditches around and in key parts of moist farmland plots, and combining beneficial insect attraction and pest trapping measures, stable hydrological conditions, abundant habitat resources and strong biological control capabilities are formed, thereby achieving a comprehensive effect of protecting farmland, stabilizing production, increasing production and improving quality.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention discloses a method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in humid arable land, comprising the following steps: Construct flood control dams: Construct flood control dams with drainage outlets and overflow sections along the low-lying side of the boundary of moist farmland; Constructing a ditch system: dig water collection and drainage ditches on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam, set up water intake and storage ditches on the high-lying side of the wet farmland, and set up ecological purification ditches in the wet farmland. The water collection and drainage ditches, the water intake and storage ditches, and the ecological purification ditches are interconnected. Plants are planted in the ecological purification ditches to form ecological habitats. Construct a biological control system: Construct a biological control zone in the moist cultivated land, and set up beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities in the biological control zone.

[0007] Preferably, the ecological purification ditches are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the moist farmland.

[0008] Preferably, the flood control dam is constructed using natural materials modified with low carbon.

[0009] Preferably, beneficial agricultural vegetation is planted in layers on the flood control dam to form a combined forest, shrub, and grass vegetation belt with staggered flowering periods.

[0010] Preferably, the beneficial vegetation on the flood control dam and the plants in the ecological purification ditch are selected from native species.

[0011] Preferably, a base pad filler is laid in the water collection and drainage ditch.

[0012] Preferably, filter media is laid on the base packing.

[0013] Preferably, the filter media is a combination of crushed stone and charcoal.

[0014] Preferably, the water collection and drainage ditch establishes a siltation area and provides a dredging channel for the siltation area to regularly remove silt and maintain smooth water flow.

[0015] Preferably, the depth and / or width of the water collection and drainage ditch is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch.

[0016] Preferably, the plants in the ecological purification ditch are emergent plants.

[0017] Preferably, the pest trapping facility includes nectar-producing plants, host plants, natural enemy habitats, and / or physical trapping devices.

[0018] Preferably, the physical trapping device includes a sticky board, an insect-attracting lamp, and / or a trapping box.

[0019] Preferably, the design and configuration of the flood control dam, the water collection and drainage ditch, the water intake and storage ditch, the ecological purification ditch, the combined forest, shrub and grass vegetation belt, and the beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities are customized and parameterized according to the regional hydrological, soil and climate conditions.

[0020] Preferably, the hydrological parameters include obtaining multi-year precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and irrigation and drainage capacity data to simulate infiltration and drainage requirements under the maximum rainstorm scenario, in order to determine the height of the flood control dam and the capacity of the drainage outlet; the soil evaluation parameters include soil porosity, permeability, and water content, to determine the treatment method of the flood control dam and the materials of the ditch; the species selection list includes prioritizing local resident plants, flowering period, moisture and flood tolerance, root depth, and potential role in water purification.

[0021] Preferably, the flood control dam, the water collection and drainage ditch, the ecological purification ditch, and the biological control area are equipped with an operation and maintenance management and monitoring system.

[0022] Preferably, the data source is a comprehensive assessment of the microclimate of humid cultivated land, the occurrence of pests and diseases, and the yield and quality indicators, and the assessment results are used to iteratively optimize the structure, species and maintenance frequency of the ecological barrier zone.

[0023] This invention also discloses an ecological barrier zone for humid farmland, comprising a flood control dam, a ditch system, and a biological control system. The flood control dam is located at the boundary of the low-lying side of the humid farmland and has a drainage outlet and an overflow section. The ditch system includes a water collection and drainage ditch, a water intake and storage ditch, and an ecological purification ditch. The water collection and drainage ditch is located on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam, the water intake and storage ditch is located on the high-lying side of the humid farmland, and the ecological purification ditch is located within the humid farmland. The water collection and drainage ditch, the water intake and storage ditch, and the ecological purification ditch are interconnected, and plants are planted within the ecological purification ditch to form an ecological habitat. The biological control system includes a biological control zone located within the humid farmland, in which beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities are installed.

[0024] Preferably, the flood control dam is planted with layers of beneficial agricultural vegetation to form a combined forest, shrub, and grass vegetation belt.

[0025] Preferably, the depth and / or width of the water collection and drainage ditch is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch.

[0026] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: In this invention, by setting up flood control dams, drainage ditches, water storage ditches, and ecological purification ditches around and at key locations in moist farmland, and combining beneficial insect attraction and pest trapping measures, stable hydrological conditions, abundant habitat resources, and strong biological control capabilities are formed. This combines hydrological regulation with ecological regulation to form a comprehensive "mechanical + biological" control system. Compared with traditional single dike and irrigation systems, this significantly improves the stability of field yield and the overall quality of rice, thereby achieving a comprehensive effect of protecting the field, stabilizing yield, increasing yield, and improving quality. It is mainly applicable to moist farmland, especially paddy fields, which are prone to floods, have significant drought fluctuations, and face high pest and disease pressure.

[0027] Other technical solutions of the present invention have achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art: 1. By staggering flowering periods and using layered vegetation and multi-point trapping networks, continuous biological control can be achieved, reducing dependence on chemical pesticides. It emphasizes the layered combination of forests, shrubs and grasses, staggered flowering periods and ecological functional zoning management, and has the characteristics of low investment, high maintainability and good scalability.

[0028] 2. Prioritize the use of native species to reduce ecological risks and management costs, and enhance regional adaptability and promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained by analyzing these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological barrier belt for moist farmland in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the ecological barrier zone of moist farmland at the flood control dam in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist farmland according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of the attached diagram labels: 1. Moistened farmland; 2. Flood control dam; 3. Water collection and drainage ditch; 4. Water collection and storage ditch; 5. Ecological purification ditch; 6. Biological control zone; 7. Flood control buffer zone. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments analyzed and obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ecological barrier belt for moist farmland and a method for its construction, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By setting up flood control dams, water collection and drainage ditches, water storage ditches and ecological purification ditches around and in key parts of moist farmland plots, and combining beneficial insect attraction and pest trapping measures, stable hydrological conditions, abundant habitat resources and strong biological control capabilities are formed, thereby achieving a comprehensive effect of protecting farmland, stabilizing production, increasing production and improving quality.

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] The main applicable targets of this humid farmland ecological barrier zone and its construction method are: humid farmland that is prone to floods, has significant drought fluctuations, and is under high pressure from pests and diseases, especially paddy fields.

[0036] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land, including the following steps: Construct flood control dams: Construct flood control dams 2 with drainage outlets and overflow sections along the low-lying side of the boundary of the wet farmland 1 (e.g., paddy fields) to cope with extreme weather, prevent floods, discharge floodwaters and store water, and prevent the wet farmland 1 from being damaged by floods and water resources from being lost. Constructing a ditch system: Drainage ditches 3 are dug on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam 2. Water collection and storage ditches 4 are set up on the high-altitude side of the wet farmland 1. Ecological purification ditches 5 are set up within the wet farmland 1. Drainage ditches 3, water collection and storage ditches 4 and ecological purification ditches 5 are interconnected. Plants are planted in the ecological purification ditches 5 to form ecological habitats. The ecological purification ditches 5 have the functions of retaining water, purifying water bodies and providing ecological habitats. The drainage ditches 3, water collection and storage ditches 4 and ecological purification ditches 5 are used to store water in the event of frequent floods and to provide water sources in the event of drought fluctuations. Constructing a biological control system: A biological control zone 6 is established within moist farmland 1. This zone 6 is equipped with beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities to attract beneficial insects and eliminate pests, thereby reducing pest and disease pressure. Both the beneficial insect attraction and pest trapping facilities are directional; the beneficial insect attraction facilities will only attract beneficial insects, not pests, while the pest trapping facilities will only trap pests, not beneficial insects. The location of the biological control zone 6 can be determined as needed, either as a single area or across multiple areas to achieve multi-point control and form a control network.

[0037] By constructing ecological barriers for humid farmland, we can leverage its multiple ecosystem functions, such as regulating water resources, purifying water quality, sequestering carbon and reducing emissions, and supporting biodiversity for farmers. This approach has significant practical needs and ecological and economic value in promoting water conservation and emission reduction in humid farmland and improving soil health. It aims to protect, stabilize, increase production, and improve the quality of humid farmland through ecological means.

[0038] In one embodiment, the ecological purification ditches 5 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the moist farmland 1.

[0039] In one embodiment, the flood control dam 2 is constructed using natural materials, which are then modified with low-carbon materials.

[0040] In one implementation, beneficial agricultural vegetation is planted in layers on the flood control dam 2 to form a combined forest-shrub-grass vegetation belt, with staggered flowering periods. Native species are prioritized to enhance biodiversity, natural enemy habitats, and resource supply. The staggered flowering strategy provides a continuous supply of flowers across species and levels, extending the duration of resource availability and improving the diversity and stability of pest natural enemies.

[0041] In one embodiment, a flood buffer zone 7 is set up at the low-lying area of ​​the wet farmland 1 and the drainage ditch 3 inside the flood control dam 2. Flood control plants, such as water chestnuts, are planted in the flood buffer zone 7.

[0042] In one embodiment, a base packing material is laid inside the water collection and drainage ditch 3 to ensure rapid water collection and drainage. The base packing material is, for example, a layer of crushed stone.

[0043] In one embodiment, filter media is laid on the base packing of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 to prevent silt from entering the ecological purification ditch 5.

[0044] In one embodiment, the filter media is a combination of crushed stone and charcoal.

[0045] In one embodiment, the water collection and drainage ditch 3 establishes a siltation zone and sets up a dredging channel for the siltation zone to regularly remove silt and maintain smooth water flow.

[0046] In one embodiment, the depth and / or width of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch 5, so that the water storage capacity of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch 5. When winter comes, the fish inhabiting the ecological purification ditch 5 can be driven into the water collection and drainage ditch 3 to overwinter. Of course, the width, depth, and slope of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 must meet the regional hydrological conditions.

[0047] In one embodiment, the water collection and drainage ditch 3 is maintained by zone management to achieve rapid water collection and drainage and control the entry of sediment into the ecological purification ditch 5.

[0048] In one embodiment, emergent plants are selected for the ecological purification ditch 5. Preferred species are native emergent plants with well-developed root systems and the ability to adapt to water level changes, such as reeds, cattails, rushes, and / or other water-tolerant species that purify water and provide habitat. Specific varieties, planting densities, and water level management can be optimized through actual field trials.

[0049] In one embodiment, the pest trapping facility includes nectar-producing plants, host plants, natural enemy habitats, and / or physical trapping devices. These implementations can be dynamically adjusted by monitoring performance (effectiveness).

[0050] In one embodiment, the physical trapping device includes a sticky board, an insect-attracting lamp, and / or a trapping box.

[0051] In one embodiment, the design and configuration of the flood control dam 2, water collection and drainage ditch 3, water intake and storage ditch 4, ecological purification ditch 5, forest-shrub-grass combination vegetation belt, as well as beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities are customized and parameterized based on regional hydrological, soil and climate conditions.

[0052] In one embodiment, the hydrological parameters include acquiring multi-year precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and irrigation and drainage capacity data to simulate infiltration and drainage requirements under the maximum rainfall scenario, in order to determine the height of the flood control dam 2 and the capacity of the drainage outlet; the soil evaluation parameters include soil porosity, permeability, and water content to determine the treatment method of the flood control dam 2 and the ditch materials; the species selection list includes prioritizing local resident plants, flowering period, moisture and flood tolerance, root depth, and potential role in water purification.

[0053] In one embodiment, the flood control dam 2, the water collection and drainage ditch 3, the ecological purification ditch 5, the biological control zone 6, and the combined forest, shrub and grass vegetation belt are equipped with an operation and maintenance management and monitoring system.

[0054] In one implementation, a comprehensive assessment of indicators such as microclimate of humid cultivated land, occurrence of pests and diseases, yield and quality is conducted, and the assessment results are used to iteratively optimize the structure, species and maintenance frequency of the ecological barrier zone.

[0055] In one embodiment, taking moist cultivated land 1 as a paddy field as an example, a specific experimental example is provided: Applicable to: paddy fields that are prone to flooding, experience significant drought fluctuations, and face high levels of pest and disease pressure; Implementation scale: 500-2000 mu of farmland will be used as pilot units, and the program will be gradually expanded to a larger scale. I. On-site assessment and preparation before implementation: ① Hydrological assessment: Obtain data on precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and irrigation and drainage capacity over the past five years, simulate infiltration and drainage requirements under the maximum rainstorm scenario, and determine the height of flood control dam 2 and the capacity of drainage outlet; before implementation, obtain parameters or input values ​​that can be directly used for the design of water collection and drainage ditch 3, water intake and storage ditch 4 and ecological purification ditch 5 through hydrological assessment and soil evaluation.

[0056] Input element one: Hydrological elements include precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff, evapotranspiration coefficient, runoff coefficient, catchment area, peak flood discharge, design peak flood, and annual runoff.

[0057] Soil factors: permeability / hydraulic conductivity, water storage coefficient, water holding capacity, void ratio, soil water retention capacity, and groundwater level, etc.

[0058] Climate elements: annual precipitation distribution, seasonal peaks, and evaporation distribution.

[0059] Design objectives: drainage capacity, wetland preservation of ecological ditches, water storage capacity of water storage ditches, overflow / discharge standards, water quality requirements, infiltration and evapotranspiration balance, etc.

[0060] Input element two: 3. Water collection and drainage ditch: interception capacity, ditch slope, ditch bottom width / depth, ditch material, permeability, drainage capacity, flow time, overflow outlet location and capacity, etc.

[0061] Ecological purification ditch 5: net water storage capacity, effective water storage depth, vegetation zone width, slope, ditch cross-sectional area, hydraulic curve (HQ) relationship, evaporation loss, infiltration and evapotranspiration balance.

[0062] Water intake and storage ditch 4: Design of water storage capacity, outlet setting, overflow height, water intake efficiency, water storage period and water release strategy, as well as water quality treatment requirements, etc.

[0063] ② Soil evaluation: Soil porosity, permeability, water content and other indicators to determine the treatment method of flood control dam 2 and the materials of each ditch; ③ Species selection list: Prioritize local resident plants, flowering period, moisture and waterlogging tolerance, root depth, and potential role in water purification; II. Specific Implementation Steps and Parameter Design ① Construct two flood control dams; Dike height and cross-section design: Based on the intensity of the rainstorm and the height of the field, the top of the flood control dam 2 is 50cm to 80cm higher than the field surface, the top width is 120cm to 180cm, and the cross-section is rectangular or trapezoidal, with a natural slope to allow rainwater infiltration, in order to cope with extreme rainstorms. Embankment materials and construction: Local renewable materials (such as rammed soil, gravel, herbaceous plant slope protection strips, etc.) are preferred. If necessary, foundation compaction and drainage outlets are set up to prevent seepage and take into account low-carbon treatment. Drainage outlets and overflow sections: Drainage outlets and overflow sections are set near the ends of the field ridges to ensure steady flood discharge when the water level is too high. The diameter and spacing of the drainage outlets are determined according to the field area and topography. Ecological barrier vegetation zone: layered forest, shrub, and grass, with staggered flowering periods; Layered design: tree layer (height ≥ 4m~6m), shrub layer (1m~3m), herb layer (0.3m~1m), forming a multi-layered structure; Plant list and staggered flowering periods: Select local species to cover different flowering periods in spring, summer, autumn and winter to ensure a continuous supply of nectar and availability of natural enemy habitats; Cultivation methods: Trees and shrubs are transplanted in plug trays or as seedlings, while herbs are sown in strips or cultivated as creeping plants to avoid excessive competition; ② Construct a ditch system: Construct water collection and drainage ditches 3; Ditch width, depth and slope: Ditch width 1.2m~2.5m, ditch depth 0.6m~1.2m, longitudinal slope 3‰~6‰, horizontal layered drainage to ensure rapid water collection and drainage; Filtration and cushioning materials: Lay 1 to 2 layers of crushed stone (particle size range 2mm~64mm) at the bottom of the ditch, and cover it with charcoal or biological filter media as a silt filtration layer to prevent silt from entering the ecological ditch. Zoning Management and Maintenance: The water collection and drainage ditch is divided into several sections, with siltation areas and dredging channels set up. Silt and sand are regularly removed to keep the water flow smoothly. Operation and Management: Different drainage priorities and maintenance frequencies are set for the rainy season and the dry season to ensure that water collection and drainage can be achieved at different water levels. In extreme cases, diesel engines are used for pumping water. Construct ecological purification ditches 5; Plant selection: Prioritize local varieties, such as water chestnut, reed, cattail, rush and other plants that can purify water and are resistant to waterlogging. If necessary, introduce a small number of adaptable and tolerant species. Planting density and layout: plant spacing 25cm~40cm, row spacing 60cm~80cm, forming a continuous strip ecological canal. The root system is well developed to enhance water retention and water fixation. Plant density is usually more dense in the south and more sparse in the north. Water level management: Set different water levels according to the season and field water level to ensure that plant roots have different proportions of water immersion time in order to achieve purification and habitat functions. Maintenance points: Regularly prune dead and old plants, monitor water quality, and assess the vegetation coverage and biodiversity of the ecological canal; ③ Construct a biological control system: The biological control zone is divided into six sections to ensure a reasonable spatial distribution of nectar sources, host plants, and natural enemy habitats, thereby enhancing the ecosystem service effect. Layout of beneficial insect attraction and pest trapping facilities: nectar source plant groups and host plant groups are set up along the vegetation belt, and trapping facilities such as sticky boards, insect-attracting lamps and trapping boxes are arranged to form a biological control network. Monitoring and control: Establish observation points and data recording tables, regularly collect statistics on pest occurrence, natural enemy density and the effectiveness of trapping facilities, and dynamically adjust the density and location of traps; Non-target species conservation: design protected areas, reduce disturbance to pollinating insects and natural enemies, and regularly assess the impact on non-target species; III. Monitoring and Evaluation Microclimate monitoring: Temperature, humidity, wind speed, light intensity, etc. are monitored comparatively inside and outside the barrier zone to assess their impact on the field microclimate; Crop yield and quality monitoring: Measurement of indicators such as yield per unit area, grain moisture content, head rice rate, and rice quality grade; Pests and diseases and chemical inputs: Changes in the frequency of pest and disease outbreaks, the amount of chemical pesticides used, and their costs; Biodiversity and water quality: plant species and coverage, natural enemy diversity, infiltration / effluent water quality indicators.

[0064] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides an ecological barrier zone for moist farmland, which can be constructed using the method described in Embodiment 1. The ecological barrier zone for moist farmland includes a flood control dam 2, a ditch system, and a biological control system. The flood control dam 2 is located at the boundary of the low-lying side of the moist farmland 1 (e.g., a paddy field), and has a drainage outlet and an overflow section. The ditch system includes a water collection and drainage ditch 3, a water intake and storage ditch 4, and an ecological purification ditch 5. The water collection and drainage ditch 3 is located on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam 2. The water intake and storage ditch 4 is located on the high-lying side of the moist farmland 1. The ecological purification ditch 5 is located within the moist farmland 1, and the water collection and drainage ditch 3, the water intake and storage ditch 4, and the ecological purification ditch 5 are interconnected. Plants are planted within the ecological purification ditch 5 to form an ecological habitat. The biological control system includes a biological control zone 6 located within the moist farmland 1, which is equipped with beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities.

[0065] In one embodiment, the ecological purification ditches 5 are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the moist farmland 1.

[0066] In one embodiment, the flood control dam 2 is constructed using natural materials, which are then modified with low-carbon materials.

[0067] In one implementation, beneficial agricultural vegetation is planted in layers on the flood control dam 2 to form a combined forest-shrub-grass vegetation belt with staggered flowering periods. Native species are prioritized to enhance biodiversity, natural enemy habitats, and resource supply. The staggered flowering strategy provides a continuous supply of flowers across species and levels, extending the duration of resource availability and improving the diversity and stability of natural enemies of pests.

[0068] In one embodiment, a flood buffer zone 7 is set up at the low-lying area of ​​the wet farmland 1 and the drainage ditch 3 inside the flood control dam 2. Flood control plants, such as water chestnuts, are planted in the flood buffer zone 7.

[0069] In one embodiment, a base packing material is laid inside the water collection and drainage ditch 3 to ensure rapid water collection and drainage. The base packing material is, for example, a layer of crushed stone.

[0070] In one embodiment, filter media is laid on the base packing of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 to prevent silt from entering the ecological purification ditch 5.

[0071] In one embodiment, the filter media is a combination of crushed stone and charcoal.

[0072] In one embodiment, a siltation area is provided on the water collection and drainage ditch 3, and a siltation channel is provided in the siltation area.

[0073] In one embodiment, the depth and / or width of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch 5, so that the water storage capacity of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch 5. When winter comes, the fish inhabiting the ecological purification ditch 5 can be driven into the water collection and drainage ditch 3 to overwinter. Of course, the width, depth, and slope of the water collection and drainage ditch 3 must meet the regional hydrological conditions.

[0074] In one embodiment, emergent plants are selected for the ecological purification ditch 5. Preferred species are native emergent plants with well-developed root systems and the ability to adapt to water level changes, such as reeds, cattails, rushes, and / or other water-tolerant species that purify water and provide habitat. Specific varieties, planting densities, and water level management can be optimized through actual field trials.

[0075] In one embodiment, the pest trapping facility includes nectar-producing plants, host plants, natural enemy habitats, and / or physical trapping devices. These implementations can be dynamically controlled by monitoring performance.

[0076] In one embodiment, the physical trapping device includes a sticky board, an insect-attracting lamp, and / or a trapping box.

[0077] In one embodiment, the design and configuration of the flood control dam 2, water collection and drainage ditch 3, water intake and storage ditch 4, ecological purification ditch 5, forest-shrub-grass combination vegetation belt, as well as beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities are customized and parameterized based on regional hydrological, soil and climate conditions.

[0078] In one embodiment, a specific experimental example (illustrative) is provided: Experiment A: Implemented in a flood-prone area, covering a field of 1000 mu. The dike height was set at 70 cm above the average ground level. The drainage ditch 3 was 1.8 m wide and 0.9 m deep. The emergent plants in the ecological purification ditch 5 consisted of reeds, cattails, and rushes, each accounting for 33%, with the herbaceous layer covering the entire year with staggered flowering periods. Honey source plants were arranged to form two parallel strips. Sticky traps and insect-attracting lamps were deployed at a density of 600 units per kilometer. Ten monitoring points were set up, and data was recorded periodically.

[0079] Experimental Example B: In a low-lying plain area, a forest-shrub-grass belt composed of local tree species was used. The trees were 4m to 6m tall, the shrubs were 2m to 3m tall, the herbaceous layer was of moderate density, and the flowering period was staggered to cover the winter and spring seasons. Disease and pest monitoring points were set at the edge of the area, and the trapping facilities were mainly sticky boards and insect-attracting lamps.

[0080] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Construct flood control dams: Construct flood control dams with drainage outlets and overflow sections along the low-lying side of the boundary of moist farmland; Constructing a ditch system: Water collection and drainage ditches are dug on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam. Water-collecting and storage ditches are constructed at the boundary of the higher-lying side of the humid farmland. Ecological purification ditches are constructed within the humid farmland. The water collection and drainage ditches, water-collecting and storage ditches, and ecological purification ditches are interconnected. Plants are planted within the ecological purification ditches to form ecological habitats. Base packing is laid within the water collection and drainage ditches to ensure rapid water collection and drainage. Filter packing is laid on the base packing to prevent sediment from entering the ecological purification ditches. The depth and / or width of the water collection and drainage ditches are greater than that of the ecological purification ditches, so that the water storage capacity of the water collection and drainage ditches is greater than that of the ecological purification ditches, allowing fish inhabiting the ecological purification ditches to be driven into the water collection and drainage ditches for overwintering when winter arrives. Construct a biological control system: Construct a biological control zone in the moist cultivated land, and set up beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities in the biological control zone.

2. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in humid arable land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecological purification ditches are arranged at intervals along the horizontal and vertical directions of the moist farmland; the flood control dam is constructed using natural materials modified with low carbon.

3. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the flood control dam, beneficial agricultural vegetation is planted in layers to form a combined forest, shrub and grass vegetation belt with staggered flowering periods; the beneficial agricultural vegetation on the flood control dam and the plants in the ecological purification ditch are selected from native species.

4. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The filter media consists of a combination of crushed stone and charcoal.

5. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collection and drainage ditch is designed to create a siltation zone, and a dredging channel is set up for the siltation zone to regularly remove silt and maintain smooth water flow.

6. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to claim 1, characterized in that, Emergent plants were selected for the ecological purification ditch.

7. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pest trapping facility includes nectar-producing plants, host plants, natural enemy habitats, and / or physical trapping devices; physical trapping devices include sticky boards, insect-attracting lamps, and / or trapping boxes.

8. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to claim 3, characterized in that, The design and configuration of the flood control dam, the water collection and drainage ditch, the water intake and storage ditch, the ecological purification ditch, the combined forest, shrub and grass vegetation belt, and the beneficial insect attraction and pest trapping facilities are customized and parameterized based on regional hydrological, soil, and climatic conditions. Hydrological parameters include obtaining multi-year precipitation, evaporation, runoff, and irrigation and drainage capacity data, simulating infiltration and drainage requirements under the maximum rainstorm scenario, to determine the height of the flood control dam and the capacity of the drainage outlet. Soil evaluation parameters include soil porosity, permeability, and water content to determine the treatment method of the flood control dam and the ditch materials. The species selection list includes prioritizing local resident plants, considering factors such as flowering period, waterlogging tolerance, root depth, and potential water purification effects.

9. The method for constructing an ecological barrier belt in moist arable land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flood control dam, the water collection and drainage ditch, the ecological purification ditch, and the biological control zone are equipped with an operation and maintenance management and monitoring system; a comprehensive assessment of the microclimate of humid farmland, the occurrence of pests and diseases, and yield and quality indicators are conducted, and the structure, species, and maintenance frequency of the ecological barrier zone are iteratively optimized based on the assessment results.

10. An ecological barrier zone for moist arable land, characterized in that, The system includes a flood control dam, a ditch system, and a biological control system. The flood control dam is located at the boundary of the low-lying side of the moist farmland and has a drainage outlet and an overflow section. The ditch system includes a collection and drainage ditch, a water-collecting and storage ditch, and an ecological purification ditch. The collection and drainage ditch is located on both the inner and outer sides of the flood control dam, the water-collecting and storage ditch is located on the high-lying side of the moist farmland, and the ecological purification ditch is located within the moist farmland. The collection and drainage ditch, the water-collecting and storage ditch, and the ecological purification ditch are interconnected. Plants are planted in the ecological purification ditch to form an ecological habitat. The biological control system includes a biological control zone deployed in the moist cultivated land, within which beneficial insect attraction facilities and pest trapping facilities are installed; a base packing material is laid in the water collection and drainage ditch to ensure rapid water collection and drainage; a filter packing material is laid on the base packing material to prevent silt from entering the ecological purification ditch; the depth and / or width of the water collection and drainage ditch is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch, so that the water storage capacity of the water collection and drainage ditch is greater than that of the ecological purification ditch, so that when winter comes, the fish inhabiting the ecological purification ditch can be driven into the water collection and drainage ditch to overwinter.

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