An assembled multifunctional scarifier, working device and excavator

Abstract

The application discloses an assembled multifunctional ripper, a working device and a excavator, comprising an upper hinged seat, a left vertical plate assembly, a right vertical plate assembly, a blade plate assembly and at least two pin shaft assemblies; the blade plate assembly is arranged between the left vertical plate assembly and the right vertical plate assembly and can rotate around one pin shaft assembly in the gap between the two; the blade plate assembly is provided with two central symmetrical tips, one of which extends from the bottom of the left and right vertical plate assemblies as a working end, and the other is hidden in the gap between the left and right vertical plate assemblies as a standby end. The application realizes further shortening of downtime caused by ripper failure and improvement of working condition applicability of the ripper on the basis of reducing the use cost of the ripper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper, belonging to the field of soil ripper technology. Background Technology

[0002] The excavator ripper, also known as a bucket hook, is mounted at the front of the excavator's working device. It is a work tool that can crush and loosen soil. It is generally used to crush cracked rocks or loosen hard soil layers to facilitate subsequent digging and loading operations using the bucket.

[0003] Excavator rippers are used under conditions characterized by high-intensity impact and high wear. However, in order to facilitate the breaking of hard materials, the ripper blade is usually designed with a pointed arc shape. The tip of the blade is prone to rapid wear or breakage due to high-intensity impact.

[0004] Most existing rippers use welding to fix the blade to the top plate. If the blade tip is worn too much, it can be used again by replacing the assembled bucket teeth at the tip. However, if the tip breaks, a new ripper must be replaced or the machine must be stopped for repair and re-welded. The repair and replacement cycle is long, which increases the cost of using the ripper and reduces work efficiency.

[0005] Utility model patent CN217759043U discloses a double-hook ripper for excavators, in which the cutting edge is bolted to the top plate of the ripper. Compared to the aforementioned existing welded cutting edge rippers, this patent allows the ripper to continue operating simply by replacing the broken cutting edge. However, the multiple bolted connections designed in the patent to improve connection reliability mean that replacing damaged cutting edges still requires considerable time, and timely supply of spare cutting edge parts is necessary to effectively reduce downtime caused by ripper malfunctions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a prefabricated multifunctional ripper, which reduces the cost of using the ripper, further shortens downtime caused by ripper malfunctions, and improves the ripper's applicability to various working conditions.

[0007] This invention is implemented according to the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper, comprising: The upper hinged seat is equipped with two hinge points, which are used to form a four-bar linkage with the stick, connecting rod and rocker arm; The left and right vertical plate assemblies, which are arranged opposite to each other, are fixed to the bottom surface of the upper hinge seat; A blade assembly is disposed between the left and right vertical plate assemblies and is capable of circumferential rotation in the gap between them; the blade assembly is configured with two centrally symmetrical tips, one of which extends from the bottom of the left and right vertical plate assemblies as a working end, and the other tip is hidden in the gap between the left and right vertical plate assemblies as a spare end; At least two pin assemblies are respectively inserted into the left upright plate assembly, the blade plate assembly, and the right upright plate assembly, fixing the three together; one pin assembly passes through the center of the blade plate assembly, and this pin assembly serves as the main pin assembly, while the remaining pin assemblies serve as auxiliary pin assemblies; all auxiliary pin assemblies are removed, and the blade plate assembly is pushed to rotate circumferentially around the main pin assembly, so that the two tips of the blade plate assembly are swapped, and the spare end is used to replace the original working end. At least one auxiliary pin assembly is then installed again to fix the blade plate assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the central region of the blade assembly is provided with at least three pin through holes I that are evenly and alternately distributed in the vertical direction. The left and right vertical plate assemblies are each provided with pin through holes II that are the same in number and size as the pin through holes I and are arranged coaxially. The main pin assembly and all auxiliary pin assemblies are removed, the assembly position of the blade assembly in the vertical direction is adjusted, and the extension length of the blade assembly from the left and right vertical plate assemblies is adjusted. The main pin assembly and at least one auxiliary pin assembly are then reinstalled to achieve free selection of different combinations of working radii and crushing capacity of the ripper.

[0009] In some embodiments, the two hinge points in the upper hinge seat are located on the same horizontal plane. The hinge fasteners connecting the upper hinge seat to the connecting rod and the stick are removed, the ripper is rotated 180 degrees in the vertical direction, and the hinge fasteners connecting the connecting rod and the stick are reinstalled to achieve the switching between the forward and reverse shovel working modes of the ripper. Alternatively, remove the main pin assembly and all secondary pin assemblies, take the cutting edge assembly out of the left and right vertical plate assemblies, rotate the cutting edge assembly 180 degrees vertically, reinstall the cutting edge assembly into the left and right vertical plate assemblies, and finally install the main pin assembly and at least one secondary pin assembly to fix the cutting edge assembly.

[0010] In some embodiments, the upper hinge seat includes a top plate and two oppositely arranged ear plates fixed on the top surface of the top plate; one end of the two ear plates in the length direction is provided with two coaxially arranged hinge holes, which are used as one of the hinge points; the other end of the two ear plates in the length direction is provided with two coaxially arranged hinge holes, which are used as the other hinge point.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least one ear plate reinforcing rib is fixed between the opposing sides of the two ear plates and the top surface of the top plate; and / or, at least one vertical plate reinforcing rib is fixed at the connection between the top plate and the left vertical plate assembly and the right vertical plate assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the blade assembly includes: The cutting plate is provided with multiple pin through holes I for use with the pin assembly, one of which is located at the center of the cutting plate; Two toothed seats are fixed at both ends of the blade along its length, and the two toothed seats and the blade form a centrally symmetrical spiral shape; Bucket teeth are mounted on a gear holder used as the working end.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tooth holder is provided with at least one pin hole I, and the bucket tooth is provided with a pin hole II. The bucket tooth is fitted onto the tooth holder, and a pin hole I that can be coaxial with the pin hole II is selected according to the different types of bucket teeth. The bucket tooth and the tooth holder are fixed together by inserting a pin retaining ring assembly.

[0014] In some embodiments, the pin assembly includes a pin, a pressure plate, and a screw; the pin passes through the pin through hole II of the left and right vertical plate assemblies and the pin through hole I of the blade plate assembly; a baffle is provided on the radial circumferential surface of one end of the pin in the length direction, and an axially extending threaded hole is provided on the end face of the other end of the pin in the length direction; a through hole is provided in the center of the pressure plate, and the screw passes through the through hole and is tightened in the threaded hole to fix the pressure plate on the pin, thereby axially limiting the pin through the combined action of the pressure plate and the baffle.

[0015] In some embodiments, the pin through holes II of the left and right vertical plate assemblies are both countersunk holes, so that the pressure plate and the baffle are both embedded in the countersunk holes, so that the axial ends of the pin assembly do not protrude from the left and right vertical plate assemblies; and / or, the through holes on the pressure plate are countersunk holes, and the head of the screw is embedded in the countersunk holes, so that the axial end of the screw does not protrude from the pressure plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, two symmetrically arranged T-shaped bushings are nested before the pin through hole I in the blade assembly and the circumferential surface facing the pin assembly. The two T-shaped bushings are respectively fitted to the corresponding left and right vertical plate assemblies. The pin assembly and the T-shaped bushings work together to constrain the circumferential and axial movement of the blade assembly.

[0017] In some embodiments, the left and right upright panel assemblies have the same structure; both the left and right upright panel assemblies include: The upright plate has an overall structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and is symmetrical from left to right; the lower middle area of ​​the upright plate is provided with multiple pin through holes II for use with the pin assembly; At least one front tooth engages with the front edge of the vertical plate, wrapping around the front edge of the vertical plate for wear protection of the front edge of the vertical plate during the operation of the ripper. At least one rear side tooth engages with the rear edge of the vertical plate, wrapping around the rear edge of the vertical plate for wear protection of the rear end of the vertical plate during the operation of the ripper.

[0018] In some embodiments, the front and rear edges of the upright plate are provided with multiple through holes from top to bottom, and the front and rear teeth are both U-shaped sleeve structures, and the front and rear teeth are assembled on the upright plate by a pin spring assembly.

[0019] Secondly, the present invention provides a working device, including a boom, a connecting rod, a rocker arm, and the aforementioned assembled multi-functional ripper.

[0020] Thirdly, the present invention provides an excavator including the above-described assembled multi-functional ripper; or, including the above-described working device.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Based on the pin-shaft assembled blade assembly design, the blade and two tooth seats are designed to be rotary with two working tips. When one end wears and breaks, it can be quickly rotated to switch to the other end to continue working. When both ends are damaged, a new blade is replaced or the damaged end is repaired when there is no work plan. This shortens the downtime caused by ripper failure and reduces the operating cost of the ripper.

[0022] 2. A corresponding number of through holes or countersunk holes of the same specifications for use with pins are opened along the vertical direction of the blade plate and the vertical plate. By adjusting the assembly position of the blade plate assembly in the vertical direction, the ripper can be freely selected with different combinations of working radius and crushing capacity, which enhances the applicability of the ripper to different working conditions.

[0023] 3. Based on the pin-shaft assembled blade design, the ripper or blade assembly can be rotated vertically to switch between forward and reverse shovel working modes, thus broadening the application scenarios of the ripper. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, as part of this invention, are provided to further illustrate the invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the invention are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Clearly, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0025] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 A structural diagram of a prior art welded blade ripper. The attached diagram is labeled as follows: blade 11, tooth base 12, bucket tooth 13, top plate 14, reinforcing rib 15, ear plate 16.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of direction A; Attached diagram labels: 31. Top plate; 32. Left vertical plate assembly; 33. Pin assembly; 34. Ear plate; 35. Blade plate assembly; 36. T-shaped bushing; 37. Right vertical plate assembly; 38. Vertical plate reinforcing rib; 39. Ear plate reinforcing rib.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the blade assembly of the present invention; Figure labels: 41. Blade plate; 42. Tooth seat; 43. Bucket tooth; 44. Pin and snap ring assembly; 411. Pin through hole; 412. Spare end; 413. Working end.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a front view of a prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the blade plate assembly and the upright plate assembly of the present invention; Attached diagram labels: 32. Left vertical plate assembly; 37. Right vertical plate assembly; 41. Blade plate; 42. Tooth seat; 412. Spare end.

[0029] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the left upright plate assembly of the present invention; Attached diagram labels: 61. Left upright plate; 62. Front side tooth; 63. Pin retaining ring; 64. Rear side tooth; 611. Through hole; 612. Pin through hole.

[0030] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the pin assembly of the present invention; Figure labels: 71. Pin; 72. Pressure plate; 73. Screw; 711. Baffle; 712. Threaded hole; 721. Through hole.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the working end switching of the blade assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of the working performance of the soil ripper of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the switching between the front and back shovel working modes of the ripper of the present invention (a is the back shovel working mode, b is the front shovel working mode).

[0032] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] Currently, the structural design of excavator rippers can be mainly divided into welded blade rippers and assembled blade rippers. Different structural forms can be further divided into single-tooth rippers and multi-tooth rippers according to the number of teeth.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a typical welded blade ripper, mainly consisting of: blade 11, tooth holder 12, bucket teeth 13, top plate 14, reinforcing rib 15, and ear plate 16. Blade 11 is welded and fixed below the top plate 14, tooth holder 12 is connected to the end of blade 11 by welding, and bucket teeth 13 are assembled with tooth holder 12.

[0038] The utility model patent CN217759043U discloses an assembled blade soil ripper (this structure can be used with single or multiple teeth), whose main components are similar to... Figure 1 The welded blade ripper is similar. The difference is that the blade is assembled to the top plate by multiple sets of bolts and nuts in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0039] Excavator rippers operate under conditions of high-intensity impact and high wear, which makes the curved tip of the cutting edge prone to excessive wear or breakage after prolonged use. When the cutting edge tip breaks, existing welded cutting edge rippers require either replacement with a new ripper or downtime repairs to re-weld the broken tip, resulting in high operating costs and downtime replacement costs. While existing assembled cutting edge rippers have improved upon some of the problems of welded cutting edge rippers, replacing damaged cutting edges still requires considerable time and timely availability of spare parts to effectively reduce downtime caused by ripper malfunctions.

[0040] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to reduce the cost of using the ripper, further shorten the downtime caused by ripper failure, and improve the applicability of the ripper under working conditions.

[0041] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 As shown, the present invention provides an assembled multifunctional soil ripper, including an upper hinge seat, a left vertical plate assembly 32, a right vertical plate assembly 37, a blade assembly 35, and at least two pin assemblies 33; the upper hinge seat is configured with two hinge points for forming a four-bar linkage with the stick, connecting rod, and rocker arm; the left vertical plate assembly 32 and the right vertical plate assembly 37 are fixed to the bottom surface of the upper hinge seat and arranged opposite to each other; the blade assembly 35 is disposed between the left vertical plate assembly 32 and the right vertical plate assembly 37 and is capable of circumferential rotation in the gap between them; the blade assembly 35 is configured with two centrally symmetrical tips, one of which extends from the bottom of the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 as a working end 41. 3. Another tip is hidden in the gap between the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 as a spare end 412; at least two pin assemblies 33 are respectively inserted into the left vertical plate assembly 32, the blade plate assembly 35 and the right vertical plate assembly 37 to fix the three together; one of the pin assemblies 33 passes through the center of the blade plate assembly 35, and this pin assembly 33 serves as the main pin assembly, while the remaining pin assemblies 33 serve as auxiliary pin assemblies; remove all auxiliary pin assemblies, push the blade plate assembly 35 to rotate circumferentially around the main pin assembly, exchange the positions of the two tips of the blade plate assembly 35, replace the original working end with the spare end, and reinstall at least one auxiliary pin assembly to fix the blade plate assembly 35.

[0042] As can be seen from the above, based on the pin-mounted blade assembly design, by designing the blade assembly to be a spiral shape with two working tips, when one end wears and breaks, it can be quickly rotated to switch to the other end to continue working. When both ends are damaged, a new blade is replaced, or when there is no work plan, the damaged end is repaired. This shortens the downtime caused by ripper failure and reduces the operating cost of the ripper.

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 10As shown, the central region of the blade assembly 35 is provided with at least three pin through holes 411 that are evenly and alternately distributed in the vertical direction. The left vertical plate assembly 32 and the right vertical plate assembly 37 are both provided with pin through holes 612 that are the same in number and size as the pin through holes 411 and are arranged coaxially. The main pin assembly and all auxiliary pin assemblies are removed, the assembly position of the blade assembly 35 in the vertical direction is adjusted, and then the extension length of the blade assembly 35 from the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 is adjusted. The main pin assembly and at least one auxiliary pin assembly are then reinstalled to realize the free selection of different combinations of working radius and crushing capacity of the ripper.

[0044] It should be noted that the attached diagram shows that the blade assembly 35 has three pin through holes 411, and the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 each have three pin through holes 612. When the three pin through holes 411 correspond to the three pin through holes 612, three pin assemblies 33 are inserted, which is the first type of extension length of the blade assembly 35. When the three pin assemblies 33 are removed, the blade assembly 35 is moved vertically upward, and the upper two pin assemblies 33 are inserted, which is the second type of extension length of the blade assembly 35 (shortened). When the three pin assemblies 33 are removed, the blade assembly 35 is moved vertically downward, and the lower two pin assemblies 33 are inserted, which is the third type of extension length of the blade assembly 35 (extended).

[0045] It should be noted again that the pin holes on the blade assembly 35 and the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 are not limited to the three mentioned above. More pin mating holes can also be provided to achieve more length adjustments.

[0046] As can be seen from the above, a corresponding number of through holes of the same specifications for pin fitting are opened along the vertical direction of the blade assembly 35 and the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37. By adjusting the assembly position of the blade assembly 35 in the vertical direction, the ripper can be freely selected with different combinations of working radius and crushing capacity, thereby enhancing the applicability of the ripper to different working conditions.

[0047] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 11 As shown, the two hinge points in the upper hinge seat are located on the same horizontal plane. Remove the hinge fastener that connects the upper hinge seat to the connecting rod and the stick, rotate the ripper 180 degrees vertically, and reinstall the hinge fastener that connects to the connecting rod and the stick to achieve the switching between the forward and reverse shovel working modes of the ripper.

[0048] Alternatively, remove the main pin assembly and all secondary pin assemblies, take the blade assembly 35 out of the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37, rotate the blade assembly 35 180 degrees vertically, and reinstall the blade assembly 35 into the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37. Finally, install the main pin assembly and at least one secondary pin assembly to fix the blade assembly 35.

[0049] From the above, it can be concluded that, based on the pin-mounted blade assembly design, the soil ripper can be rotated vertically or... The blade assembly enables the switching between forward and reverse shovel working modes of the ripper, expanding the application scenarios of the ripper.

[0050] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the aforementioned upper hinge seat.

[0051] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the upper hinge seat includes a top plate 31 and two oppositely arranged ear plates 34 fixed on the top surface of the top plate 31; one end of the two ear plates 34 in the length direction is provided with two coaxially arranged hinge holes, which are used as one of the hinge points; the other end of the two ear plates 34 in the length direction is provided with two coaxially arranged hinge holes, which are used as the other hinge point.

[0052] In a further embodiment, at least one ear plate reinforcing rib 39 is fixed between the opposing sides of the two ear plates 34 and the top surface of the top plate; at least one vertical plate reinforcing rib 38 is fixed at the connection between the top plate 31 and the left vertical plate assembly 32 and the right vertical plate assembly 37.

[0053] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the blade assembly described above.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the blade assembly includes a blade 41, two tooth holders 42, and a bucket tooth 43; the blade 41 is provided with a plurality of pin through holes 411 that cooperate with the pin assembly 33, one of which is located at the center of the blade 41; the two tooth holders 42 are respectively fixed at both ends of the blade 41 in the length direction, and the two tooth holders 42 and the blade 41 form a centrally symmetrical spiral shape; the bucket tooth 43 is mounted on the tooth holder 42 used as the working end 413.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the embodiment shown in the attached drawings, three identical pin holes 411 are provided on the blade plate 41 at equal intervals along the same direction.

[0056] Further plans will continue to be considered. Figure 4 As shown, the tooth holder 42 is provided with at least one pin hole I, and the bucket tooth 43 is provided with a pin hole II. The bucket tooth 43 is fitted onto the tooth holder 42, and a pin hole I that can be coaxial with the pin hole II is selected according to the different types of bucket teeth 43. The bucket tooth 43 and the tooth holder 42 are fixed together by inserting the pin retaining ring assembly 44.

[0057] A further proposed solution is to assemble the blade assembly 35, left vertical plate assembly 32, and right vertical plate assembly 37 as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, after normal assembly, the main body of the blade 41, the spare end of the blade 412, and the spare end tooth seat 42 are hidden inside the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 to reduce excessive wear on the main body of the blade, the spare end of the blade, and the spare end tooth seat during the operation of the ripper.

[0058] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the aforementioned pin assembly.

[0059] like Figure 8 As shown, the pin assembly 33 includes a pin 71, a pressure plate 72, and a screw 73. The pin 71 passes through the pin through holes 612 in the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37, and the pin through hole 411 in the blade assembly 35. A baffle 711 is provided on the radial circumferential surface of one end of the pin 71 along its length, and an axially extending threaded hole 712 is provided on the end face of the other end of the pin 71 along its length. A through hole 721 is provided in the center of the pressure plate 72. The screw 73 passes through the through hole 721 and is screwed into the threaded hole 712 to fix the pressure plate 72 on the pin 71. The pin 71 is axially limited by the combined action of the pressure plate 72 and the baffle 711.

[0060] Further plans will continue to be considered. Figure 8 As shown, the pin through holes 612 of the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 are both countersunk holes, so that the pressure plate 72 and the baffle 711 are both embedded in the countersunk holes, so that the axial ends of the pin assembly 33 do not protrude from the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37; the through hole on the pressure plate 72 is a countersunk hole, and the head of the screw 73 is embedded in the countersunk hole, so that the axial end of the screw 73 does not protrude from the pressure plate 72.

[0061] During actual assembly, the pressure plate 72 is placed in the countersunk hole of the left vertical plate assembly 32, and the screw 73 passes through the pressure plate 72 to connect with the pin 71, thereby positioning the pin 71. The pressure plate 72 is for easy disassembly of the pin 71. Both ends of the pin assembly 36 are assembled onto the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 through countersunk holes. This ensures that after assembly, the left and right end faces of the pin assembly 33 coincide with the outer surfaces of the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37, preventing pre-wearing of both ends of the pin assembly 26 during operation.

[0062] Further options, such as Figure 3 As shown, two symmetrically arranged T-shaped bushings 36 are nested in front of the pin through hole 411 and the circumferential surface facing the pin assembly 33 in the blade assembly 35. The two T-shaped bushings 36 are respectively fitted with the corresponding left vertical plate assembly 32 and right vertical plate assembly 37. The pin assembly 33 and the T-shaped bushings 36 work together to constrain the circumferential and axial movement of the blade assembly 35.

[0063] As can be seen from the above, the blade assembly 35 is designed in a spiral shape with two working tips. The blade assembly 35 is fixedly assembled between the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37 via the pin assembly 33 and T-shaped bushing 36. When one end of the blade assembly 35 wears and breaks off, it is pushed to rotate around the central axis, quickly switching to the spare end 412 to replace the damaged original working end 413. Furthermore, multiple sets of identical pin mating holes are provided at corresponding positions on the blade 41 and the vertical plates of the left and right vertical plate assemblies 32 and 37, allowing for free assembly of the blade assembly 35 using the same pin assembly 33, facilitating adjustment of the assembly direction and position of the blade assembly 35.

[0064] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structures of the aforementioned left and right vertical panel assemblies.

[0065] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the left upright panel assembly 32 and the right upright panel assembly 37 have the same structure; the structure of the left upright panel assembly will be described in detail below, while the right upright panel assembly will not be described in detail.

[0066] The left upright plate assembly 32 includes a left upright plate 61, at least one front tooth 62, and at least one rear tooth 64. The left upright plate 61 has a symmetrical structure, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and its thickness should be greater than 2 / 3 of the blade thickness. Three identical pin holes 612 are equidistantly spaced in the lower middle region of the left upright plate 61 for assembling the pin assembly 33. At least one front tooth 62 engages with the front edge of the left upright plate 61, covering the front edge for wear protection during ripper operation; at least one rear tooth 64 engages with the rear edge of the left upright plate 61, covering the rear edge for wear protection during ripper operation.

[0067] Further options, such as Figure 7 As shown, the front and rear edges of the left vertical plate 61 are provided with multiple through holes 611 from top to bottom. The front tooth 62 and the rear tooth 64 are both U-shaped sleeve structures. The front and rear teeth 62 and 64 are assembled on the left vertical plate 61 by the pin and spring assembly 63, which is used for wear protection of the front and rear ends of the left vertical plate 61 during the operation of the soil ripper.

[0068] Through the above technical solution, the present invention can achieve the following three effects: 1) Rotation switching of the working tip of the ripper When the working end of the blade assembly wears and breaks, remove the auxiliary positioning pin and rotate the blade assembly around the central axis. The spare end can then be quickly used to replace the original working end. Figure 9 As shown.

[0069] 2) Adjustment of the working radius of the soil ripper For different operating conditions, the vertical assembly position of the blade assembly can be adjusted to freely select different combinations of operating radii and crushing capacities, such as... Figure 10 As shown.

[0070] 3) Switching between forward and reverse shovel working modes for the ripper For operational scenarios such as lifting heavy objects upwards or crushing designated materials at heights, the ripper or blade assembly can be rotated vertically to switch the ripper from backhoe to front shovel mode. Figure 11 As shown.

[0071] It should be noted that the terms mentioned above will be explained accordingly below.

[0072] Riser: A front-end working tool for excavators that has the functions of crushing and loosening soil.

[0073] Blade: The core component of the ripper, usually designed as an arc with a toothed base welded to the tip and fitted with bucket teeth.

[0074] Operating radius: The distance between the rotation center of the ripper and the tip of the tooth. Under the same driving conditions, the operating radius of the ripper is negatively correlated with the crushing capacity.

[0075] Front and backhoe working modes: The backhoe working mode of the ripper (teeth facing backward) is the conventional working posture of the ripper, used to perform conventional crushing and loosening operations. The initial position of the ripper teeth is above the working material. The front shovel working mode of the ripper (teeth facing forward) has the initial position of the ripper teeth below the working material, which can hook the material upward or crush the specified material at a high position.

[0076] In summary, this invention provides a prefabricated multifunctional ripper. This design employs a prefabricated blade assembly, differing from existing solutions in that: upright plates are designed on both sides below the top plate of the ripper. Pin holes are equidistantly arranged at corresponding positions in the vertical direction of the upright plates and the blade. The blade is fixed between the upright plates by pins and bushings. Both ends of the blade are welded with tooth seats that can engage with prefabricated bucket teeth. The overall structure of the blade assembly is a double-ended rotary type. When one end wears and breaks, it is not necessary to immediately replace the blade assembly or stop the machine for repair. By pushing the blade assembly around the central axis, the damaged end can be replaced with the spare end to continue operation. Replacement of the blade assembly is only required when both ends are worn and broken, or the damaged end can be repaired when there is no work plan. This method reduces the operating cost of the ripper and shortens downtime due to ripper malfunctions. Multiple pin holes of the same specification are provided in the vertical direction of both the upright plates and the blade, allowing for free assembly using pins of the same specification. By adjusting the assembly position of the vertical blade assembly, the working radius of the ripper can be adjusted, allowing for free selection of various combinations of working radii and crushing capacities. Furthermore, by rotating the ripper or blade assembly vertically, the working modes of the ripper (both forward and reverse shovels) can be switched, expanding the application scenarios of the ripper.

[0077] The working device provided by the present invention is described below. The assembled multi-functional soil ripper described below can be referred to in correspondence with the assembled multi-functional soil ripper described above.

[0078] The present invention provides a working device that may include the assembled multi-functional soil ripper as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0079] The beneficial effects achieved by the working device provided by this invention are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the assembled multifunctional soil ripper provided by this invention, so they will not be repeated here.

[0080] The excavator provided by the present invention is described below. The excavator described below can be referred to in correspondence with the assembled multi-functional soil ripper described above.

[0081] The present invention provides an excavator that may include a prefabricated multi-functional ripper as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0082] The beneficial effects achieved by the excavator provided by this invention are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the prefabricated multi-functional soil ripper provided by this invention, so they will not be repeated here.

[0083] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0084] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0085] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular multifunctional ripper, characterized in that, include: The upper hinged seat is equipped with two hinge points, which are used to form a four-bar linkage with the stick, connecting rod and rocker arm; The left and right vertical plate assemblies, which are arranged opposite to each other, are fixed to the bottom surface of the upper hinge seat; A blade assembly is disposed between the left and right vertical plate assemblies and is capable of circumferential rotation in the gap between them; the blade assembly is configured with two centrally symmetrical tips, one of which extends from the bottom of the left and right vertical plate assemblies as a working end, and the other tip is hidden in the gap between the left and right vertical plate assemblies as a spare end; At least two pin assemblies are respectively inserted into the left vertical plate assembly, the blade plate assembly, and the right vertical plate assembly to fix the three together; one pin assembly passes through the center of the blade plate assembly, and this pin assembly serves as the main pin assembly, while the remaining pin assemblies serve as auxiliary pin assemblies; all auxiliary pin assemblies are removed, and the blade plate assembly is pushed to rotate circumferentially around the main pin assembly, so that the two tips of the blade plate assembly are swapped, and the spare end is used to replace the original working end. At least one auxiliary pin assembly is then installed again to fix the blade plate assembly. The central region of the blade assembly is provided with at least three pin through holes I that are evenly and alternately distributed in the vertical direction. The left and right vertical plate assemblies are each provided with pin through holes II that are the same in number and size as the pin through holes I and are arranged coaxially. The main pin assembly and all auxiliary pin assemblies are removed, the assembly position of the blade assembly in the vertical direction is adjusted, and then the extension length of the blade assembly from the left and right vertical plate assemblies is adjusted. The main pin assembly and at least one auxiliary pin assembly are then reinstalled to achieve free selection of different combinations of working radius and crushing capacity of the ripper. The left and right upright panel assemblies have the same structure; both the left and right upright panel assemblies include: The upright plate has an overall structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and is symmetrical from left to right; the lower middle area of ​​the upright plate is provided with multiple pin through holes II for use with the pin assembly; At least one front tooth engages with the front edge of the vertical plate, wrapping around the front edge of the vertical plate for wear protection of the front edge of the vertical plate during the operation of the ripper. At least one rear side tooth engages with the rear edge of the vertical plate, wrapping around the rear edge of the vertical plate for wear protection of the rear end of the vertical plate during the operation of the ripper.

2. The prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two hinge points in the upper hinge seat are located on the same horizontal plane. Remove the hinge fixing parts that connect the upper hinge seat to the connecting rod and the stick, rotate the ripper 180 degrees in the vertical direction, and reinstall the hinge fixing parts that connect to the connecting rod and the stick to realize the switching between the forward and reverse shovel working modes of the ripper. Alternatively, remove the main pin assembly and all secondary pin assemblies, take the cutting edge assembly out of the left and right vertical plate assemblies, rotate the cutting edge assembly 180 degrees vertically, reinstall the cutting edge assembly into the left and right vertical plate assemblies, and finally install the main pin assembly and at least one secondary pin assembly to fix the cutting edge assembly.

3. The prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper hinge seat includes a top plate and two oppositely arranged ear plates fixed on the top surface of the top plate; Two hinge holes are provided at one end of the two ear plates along the length direction, and the two hinge holes are used as one of the hinge points; Two coaxially arranged hinge holes are provided at the other end of the two ear plates along the length direction, and the two hinge holes are used as another hinge point.

4. The prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one ear plate reinforcing rib is fixed between the opposing sides of the two ear plates and the top surface of the top plate; and / or, At least one vertical plate reinforcing rib is fixed at the connection between the top plate and the left vertical plate assembly and the right vertical plate assembly.

5. The assembled multifunctional ripper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade assembly includes: The cutting plate is provided with multiple pin through holes I for use with the pin assembly, one of which is located at the center of the cutting plate; Two toothed seats are fixed at both ends of the blade along its length, and the two toothed seats and the blade form a centrally symmetrical spiral shape; Bucket teeth are mounted on a gear holder used as the working end.

6. A prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tooth holder is provided with at least one pin hole I, and the bucket tooth is provided with a pin hole II. The bucket tooth is fitted onto the tooth holder, and a pin hole I that can be coaxial with pin hole II is selected according to the different types of bucket teeth. The bucket tooth and the tooth holder are fixed together by inserting a pin retaining spring assembly.

7. The prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin assembly includes a pin, a pressure plate, and a screw; the pin passes through the pin through hole II of the left and right vertical plate assemblies and the pin through hole I of the blade plate assembly. A baffle is provided on the radial circumferential surface of one end of the pin shaft along its length, and an axially extending threaded hole is provided on the end face of the other end of the pin shaft along its length. A through hole is provided in the center of the pressure plate, and the screw passes through the through hole and is tightened in the threaded hole to fix the pressure plate on the pin shaft. The pin shaft is axially limited by the combined action of the pressure plate and the baffle.

8. A prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pin shaft through holes II of the left and right vertical plate assemblies are both countersunk holes, so that the pressure plate and the baffle are embedded in the countersunk holes, and the axial ends of the pin shaft assembly do not protrude from the left and right vertical plate assemblies; and / or, The through hole on the pressure plate is a countersunk hole, and the head of the screw is embedded in the countersunk hole so that the axial end of the screw does not protrude from the pressure plate.

9. A prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin through hole I in the blade assembly is nested between two symmetrically arranged T-shaped bushings and the facing circumferential surface of the pin assembly. The two T-shaped bushings are respectively fitted to the corresponding left and right vertical plate assemblies. The pin assembly and the T-shaped bushings work together to constrain the circumferential and axial movement of the blade assembly.

10. A prefabricated multifunctional soil ripper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear edges of the upright plate are provided with multiple through holes from top to bottom. The front and rear teeth are both U-shaped sleeve structures, and the front and rear teeth are assembled on the upright plate by a pin and spring assembly.

11. A working device, comprising a boom, a connecting rod, and a rocker arm, characterized in that: It also includes the prefabricated multi-functional soil ripper as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. An excavator, characterized in that: It includes the prefabricated multi-functional soil ripper as described in any one of claims 1 to 10; or, it includes the working device as described in claim 11.

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