A system and method for detecting the tightness of rail bolts

Abstract

This invention discloses a system and method for detecting the tightness of track bolts, relating to the field of track inspection technology. The method includes: constructing a stress-guiding structure using topology optimization; embedding fiber Bragg grating sensors in stress concentration areas and main transmission path regions to form fiber Bragg grating sensor distribution structure data; using a static load testing method to perform multi-level loading calibration on the fiber Bragg grating sensor distribution structure data, establishing a nonlinear function mapping relationship between wavelength response and bolt preload, forming a calibration function model; and using spectral demodulation technology to collect the wavelength changes of the fiber Bragg grating sensors in real time during train operation, inputting the data into the calibration function model for real-time calculation, forming a real-time preload value dataset. This invention improves the accuracy and reliability of data acquisition and significantly enhances the accuracy and stability of subsequent preload identification.

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