A laboratory test apparatus for predicting pipe wear and blowout

Abstract

The application discloses a laboratory test equipment for filling pipeline wear and burst prediction, which comprises a batching system, a pipeline simulation system, a circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system and a data monitoring system. The batching system provides filling materials for a storage tank. The pipeline simulation system comprises a pipeline test section, a sound wave detection equipment and two rotary switching valves, and the pipeline test section is connected between the two rotary switching valves. The circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system comprises a storage tank, a pressure relief valve and a magnetic particle counter, and the outlet of the storage tank forms a circulating loop through a variable hydraulic piston pump, the pipeline simulation system, the pressure relief valve and the inlet of the storage tank. The starting end and the ending end of the magnetic particle counter are respectively arranged at the two ends of the pipeline simulation system. The application simulates the flow conditions of different filling materials, quantitatively analyzes the wear degree at the confluence, the bifurcation and the elbow in the pipeline conveying network by monitoring the thickness change of the pipeline wall, and provides reliable data for the wear and the anti-burst of the filling pipeline and makes a risk prediction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of explosion-proof technology for coal mine filling pipelines, specifically to an indoor testing device for predicting wear and bursting of filling pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] Backfilling is a green mining technology. In the entire backfilling system, pipelines are the "lifeline" connecting the surface preparation station and the underground goaf; their safe, stable, and long-term operation is crucial for the success of backfilling operations. Pipeline wear and rupture are the main problems threatening this "lifeline."

[0003] Pipeline wear is essentially the loss of material from the inner wall of a pipeline due to the continuous cutting, scraping, and impact of the transported backfill material. In backfilling mining, it is mainly a combination of abrasive wear and impact wear. First, the transported medium is highly abrasive, and the Mohs hardness of the main aggregate in the backfill material is higher than that of ordinary steel pipes. Backfill slurry is usually prepared as a high-concentration paste or structured slurry, resulting in a large number of abrasive particles per unit volume. Second, there are stringent transport parameters. To prevent solid particles from settling and clogging the pipeline, the slurry must maintain a high flow rate. The higher the flow rate, the greater the impact kinetic energy of the particles on the pipe wall, and the more severe the wear. In addition, the pipeline system is complex, and fittings such as elbows, tees, and valves are the most severely affected areas. When the backfill slurry flows through an elbow, due to centrifugal force, solid particles concentrate and impact the outer wall of the elbow, which can wear through it in a very short time. In short, the special working conditions of backfilling mining determine that its pipeline wear is extremely severe, and the consequences of pipeline wear are far greater than those of ordinary fluid transport pipelines.

[0004] Pipeline rupture is a more dangerous and serious sudden event than wear and tear. The essence of rupture is that the circumferential stress at a point in the pipeline exceeds the tensile strength limit of the material. Its main causes include two aspects: first, the system pressure exceeds the pressure-bearing limit of the pipeline (especially at worn weak points); second, wear, corrosion, or fatigue leads to a decrease in the pressure-bearing capacity of the pipe wall. The pipeline transportation system is its core and bottleneck component. Due to the special characteristics of the transported medium (high-concentration, high-hardness, highly abrasive slurry) and the extremely harsh operating conditions (high pump pressure, large flow rate, long distance, complex pipelines), pipeline wear and rupture have become major engineering and technical challenges restricting the safe, economical, and efficient promotion and application of this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technologies, the present invention aims to propose an indoor testing device for predicting wear and bursting of filled pipelines. This device can simulate the flow of different filling materials in underground pipelines, monitor changes in pipe wall thickness in real time, and quantitatively analyze the degree of wear at confluence, divergence, and bends in the pipeline transportation network. This allows for the prediction of pipeline bursting risks and provides reliable data and safety assurance for the wear and burst prevention work of actual underground pipeline transportation lines.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An indoor testing device for predicting wear and bursting of filling pipes includes a batching system, a pipe simulation system, a circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system, and a data monitoring system. The batching system includes a main material discharge machine, an auxiliary material discharge machine, and a vertical mixing tank. The outlets of the main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine are connected to the vertical mixing tank.

[0008] The pipeline simulation system includes a pipeline test section, an acoustic detection device, and two rotary valves. The pipeline test section is located between the two rotary valves. The inlet end of the pipeline test section is connected to the outlet end of one of the rotary valves, and the outlet end of the pipeline test section is connected to the inlet end of the other rotary valve.

[0009] The circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system includes a storage tank, a variable hydraulic piston pump, a pressure relief valve, and a magnetic particle counter. The storage tank is connected to the outlet end of the vertical mixing tank, and a stirrer is installed inside it.

[0010] The inlet of the variable hydraulic piston pump is connected to the outlet of the storage tank, and its outlet is connected to the inlet pipeline of one of the rotary valves. The outlet of the other rotary valve is connected to the storage tank pipeline through a pressure relief valve. The storage tank is equipped with the same agitator.

[0011] The magnetic particle counter includes a starting end and a ending end. The starting end is located on the pipeline between the variable hydraulic piston pump and the pipeline simulation system, and the ending end is located on the pipeline between the pipeline simulation system and the storage tank, and is connected to the starting end.

[0012] The data monitoring system includes a control unit, a transmission unit, and a data processing unit. The control unit is communicatively connected to the data processing unit through the transmission unit.

[0013] Furthermore, both the main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine adopt the weighing type discharge machine, and the vertical mixing tank includes a circular tank body and a mixing mechanism located inside the circular tank body.

[0014] The main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine respectively deliver the main material and auxiliary material into the vertical mixing tank according to the set ratio. After adding water and mixing evenly, the filling material is formed. The mixed filling material is transported to the storage tank through the pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotary switching valve includes a valve body, a valve core, a first branch pipe, a second branch pipe, a third branch pipe, and a rotary joint. The valve core has a cylindrical structure, and the valve body has an internal mounting cavity that matches the valve core. The valve core is located inside the valve body, and its circumferential sidewall is rotaryly sealed with the inner wall of the valve body.

[0016] The first branch pipe, the second branch pipe, and the third branch pipe are respectively fixed on the outer circumference of the valve body. The rotary joint is installed at the bottom of the valve body. The rotating spindle of the rotary joint is fixedly and sealed to the valve core, and is connected to the first branch pipe, the second branch pipe, or the third branch pipe through the valve core.

[0017] Furthermore, the valve body is a cylindrical shell, including a bottom plate, an annular sidewall, and an annular top plate, with the annular top plate and bottom plate respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the annular sidewall.

[0018] The valve core is provided with a thrust bearing at its upper and lower ends, and the valve core rotates with the annular top plate and bottom plate of the valve body through the two thrust bearings respectively.

[0019] The valve core has a vertical channel and three radial channels inside. The vertical channel is arranged along the axial direction of the valve core, with its upper end closed and its lower end connected to the rotating spindle. The three radial channels are staggered along the normal direction of the valve core cross section. One end of each radial channel is connected to the vertical channel, and the other end can be connected to the corresponding branch pipe.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer circumferential wall of the valve core has multiple annular grooves arranged at intervals along its axial direction, and a sealing ring is embedded inside each annular groove.

[0021] A handle is installed at the top center of the valve core, and the valve core can be rotated by the handle.

[0022] When the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are connected to the rotary joint through two radial channels respectively, the side wall of the valve core seals one end of the third branch pipe.

[0023] When the third branch pipe is connected to the rotary joint through the remaining radial channel, the valve core sidewall closes one end of the first and second branch pipes.

[0024] Furthermore, the pipeline test section includes a horizontal right-angle bend, a vertical right-angle bend, a contraction reducer, an expansion reducer, a Y-type shunt pipe, or a Y-type merging pipe. Multiple ultrasonic sensors are regularly arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline test section, and the signal terminals of all ultrasonic sensors are respectively connected to the data processing unit for communication.

[0025] Furthermore, the variable hydraulic piston pump is equipped with an electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and a pressure sensor is provided at the outlet end of the variable hydraulic piston pump. The signal terminals of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve and the pressure sensor are respectively connected to the control unit for communication.

[0026] The outlet end of the hydraulic piston pump is connected to the rotary joint of one of the rotary switching valves through a first pipeline, and the rotary joint of the other rotary switching valve is connected to the storage tank through a second pipeline. The pressure relief valve is installed on the second pipeline.

[0027] Furthermore, the starting end is fixedly installed at the top of the first pipeline, and has a magnetic particle storage cavity inside, which is connected to the inside of the magnetic particle storage cavity through a release port located at the top of the first pipeline.

[0028] During operation, spherical magnetic particles are released into the interior of the first pipeline from the starting end. The magnetic particles mix with the filling material and flow together with the filling material through the pipeline test section.

[0029] Furthermore, the termination end includes a housing, a conductor coil, an electromagnet, and a drive mechanism. The second pipe passes through the inside of the housing and is fixedly connected to the housing. The conductor coil is sleeved on the outside of the second pipe and is located inside the housing on the side near the test section of the pipe. The housing is connected to the starting end through a conveying mechanism.

[0030] The second pipeline has a collection port at the top, located on the side of the conductor coil away from the test section of the pipeline. The electromagnet is an arc-shaped plate that matches the collection port, and its thickness is the same as the wall thickness of the second pipeline.

[0031] There are two electromagnets, which are arranged inside the housing via the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism causes the two electromagnets to collect magnetic particles passing through the collection port in turn.

[0032] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a mounting bracket, an electric telescopic rod, and a stepper motor. The rotating shaft is located outside the second pipeline and is arranged parallel to the corresponding section of the second pipeline. The stepper motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0033] The mounting bracket is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The two electromagnets are each connected to the mounting bracket through an electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is fixed to the mounting bracket, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the center position of the convex surface of the corresponding electromagnet.

[0034] In addition, the convex surface of the electromagnet is linearly slidably engaged with the mounting bracket via at least two guide rods.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] (1) This invention has the ability to monitor and predict wear and bursting of filling pipelines in real time. Based on the wear rate of test nodes, it can make high-precision predictions of bursting of special parts in the pipeline structure, provide early warning of risks, avoid catastrophic accidents, and eliminate complex secondary disasters such as slurry flooding of roadways, equipment damage, and local collapse caused by bursting of pipes.

[0037] (2) This invention provides data guidance for actual explosion-proof work in underground pipeline transportation. It shifts from experience-based judgment to data-driven approach, making underground pipeline operation, maintenance and management more scientific, precise and efficient, and from post-event remediation to pre-event prevention, thereby improving the inherent safety level of coal mine backfill pipelines.

[0038] (3) Traditional pipeline wear depends on regular manual inspections, which is labor-intensive in the mine and makes it difficult to detect internal wear during pipeline operation. This invention can simulate and predict the combination of different filling materials, different pipeline materials and different pipe section locations in advance, providing a scientific basis for pipeline replacement and spare parts inventory management. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the indoor testing equipment for predicting wear and bursting of filling pipes according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structural principle of the rotary switching valve of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the working state of the rotary switching valve of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotary switching valve of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the combination of the pipeline simulation system and the magnetic particle counter of the present invention.

[0044] The diagram shows: 1. Batching system; 2. Rotary switching valve; 21. Valve body; 211. Base plate; 212. Annular sidewall; 213. Annular top plate; 22. Valve core; 221. Vertical channel; 222. Radial channel; 23. First branch pipe; 24. Second branch pipe; 25. Third branch pipe; 26. Handle; 27. Thrust bearing; 28. Rotary joint; 29. ​​Sealing ring; 3. Pipeline test section; 41. First pipeline; 42. Second pipeline; 5. Starting end; 6. Ending end; 61. Outer shell; 62. Conductor coil; 63. Electromagnet; 64. Rotating shaft; 65. Mounting bracket; 66. Electric telescopic rod; 67. Stepper motor; 68. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the advantages and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and more explicit, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0046] Combination Figures 1 to 5 An indoor testing device for predicting wear and rupture in filling pipes includes a batching system 1, a pipe simulation system, a circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system, and a data monitoring system. The batching system 1 comprises a main material discharger, an auxiliary material discharger, and a vertical mixing tank. The outlets of the main material discharger and the auxiliary material discharger are connected to the vertical mixing tank. Both the main material discharger and the auxiliary material discharger are weighing-type dischargers. The vertical mixing tank includes a circular tank body and a mixing mechanism located inside the circular tank body, employing existing technology. The main material discharger and the auxiliary material discharger respectively hold the main material and the auxiliary material, and transport them to the interior of the vertical mixing tank according to a set weight ratio. The mixing mechanism of the vertical mixing tank then thoroughly mixes the main material and the auxiliary material.

[0047] The data monitoring system is a multifunctional integrated platform for data acquisition, analysis, and prediction. It includes a control unit, a transmission unit, and a data processing unit. The control unit communicates with the data processing unit via the transmission unit. The control unit is the control center of the entire testing equipment, interconnected with other systems, and capable of starting and stopping the equipment, setting the filling material ratio, setting sensors, setting cycle parameters, and exporting data analysis results. The transmission unit collects data from the magnetic particle counter, the pump inlet pressure sensor, and the pipe wall thickness, recording and storing it in real time before transmitting it to the data unit. The data unit is responsible for analysis and prediction. This unit has a dynamic data filtering function, capable of removing data exceeding the error range or invalid data, retaining only valid wear characteristic data. A genetic algorithm optimization model is used to comprehensively analyze parameters such as the filling material particle size distribution, pipe curvature, slurry flow velocity, pipe diameter change characteristics, and wall thickness change acceleration, outputting predicted wear rates for each test node. Based on these predicted values, the location and probability of pipe bursts are determined, providing detailed prediction results.

[0048] Both the main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine are controlled by a data monitoring system, which can accurately deliver the main material (such as fly ash and tailings) and auxiliary material (such as cement) according to the set ratio required by the test personnel. The vertical mixing tank provides a mixing space to ensure that the main material, auxiliary material, and a certain amount of water are fully and evenly mixed to form the filling material. The mixed filling material is transported through pipelines to the storage tank of the circulating feed and pressurized pumping system. The storage tank is equipped with a stirrer, and the filling material is continuously stirred in the storage tank to prevent the filling material from solidifying into lumps.

[0049] The batching system 1 also includes a cleaning pump. The outlet of the cleaning pump is connected to the pipelines of the vertical mixing tank, the main material discharge machine, and the auxiliary material discharge machine. Each pipeline connected to these three machines is equipped with a solenoid gate valve, and the signal terminals of each valve are connected to the control unit. The cleaning pump is used to clean the interior of the main and auxiliary material discharge machines and the vertical mixing tank after the test, facilitating future use and preventing residual filling material from affecting other tests.

[0050] The pipeline simulation system includes a pipeline test section 3, an acoustic detection device, and two rotary switching valves 2. These two rotary switching valves 2 are identical in structure and are designated as Rotary Switching Valve One and Rotary Switching Valve Two. The pipeline test section 3 includes horizontal right-angle bends, vertical right-angle bends, contraction reducers, expansion reducers, Y-type branch pipes, or Y-type merging pipes. The pipeline test section 3 is constructed of chromium alloy cast steel pipe with flanges fixedly installed at its ends. The pipeline test section 3 is located between the two rotary switching valves 2. Specifically, the inlet end of the pipeline test section 3 is connected to the outlet end of Rotary Switching Valve One via a pipe flange, and the outlet end of the pipeline test section 3 is connected to the inlet end of Rotary Switching Valve Two via a pipe flange. During the test, the filling material enters the pipeline test section 3 from the outlet end of Rotary Switching Valve One, then flows through the pipeline test section 3 to the inlet end of Rotary Switching Valve Two, and finally flows out through the outlet end of Rotary Switching Valve Two.

[0051] The pipeline simulation system primarily involves combining and connecting various types of pipeline test sections and valves according to testing requirements. It employs flange and threaded connections, with all components forming a unified whole using bolts and gaskets. This system is resistant to high pressure, high temperature, and corrosive environments, adaptable to different media pressures, and its disassembly and bolted connections facilitate maintenance and component replacement, enabling rapid switching between different testing scenarios. Before connection, clean the pipe and flange surfaces of dirt and oxides, ensuring a smooth contact surface. Align adjacent pipe flanges, insert gaskets, and tighten bolts symmetrically. This allows for rapid switching between different pipeline structural types and testing the wear characteristics of varying pipeline structures. After installation, a pressure test is required to check for leaks. After the start of testing, periodically check the bolt tightening force to prevent loosening due to thermal expansion or vibration.

[0052] Specifically, the acoustic detection equipment includes multiple ultrasonic sensors, which are regularly arranged on the outer wall of the aforementioned pipeline test section 3. The signal terminals of all ultrasonic sensors are connected to the data processing unit via a transmission unit. The ultrasonic sensors collect real-time pipe wall thickness data at corresponding locations in right-angle bends, reducers, branch pipes, or merging pipes, and send this data to the data processing unit for real-time monitoring of changes in pipe wall thickness. The acoustic detection equipment in the pipeline simulation system is positioned at key locations where pipe wall thickness needs to be detected. The probes of the ultrasonic sensors emit ultrasonic waves. When these waves propagate through the material, they are reflected when they encounter interfaces with different acoustic impedances (such as the pipe and the filling material). The reflected energy is related to the acoustic impedance difference; the greater the difference, the more significant the reflection. The reflected echo is received by the probe, and by analyzing the time difference and amplitude of the echo signal, the minute changes in pipe wall thickness caused by wear are obtained.

[0053] Select the right-angle bend, reducer, branch pipe, or merging pipe required for the test according to the test requirements, and adjust the posture of the selected test section 3 of the pipeline (according to the test requirements) and fix it on the support. Then, connect the inlet end and outlet end of the selected test section 3 of the pipeline to the two rotary switching valves 2 respectively through pipeline flanges. The flange connection has the advantages of high strength and reliable sealing, ensuring that the test requirements can be met.

[0054] The rotary switching valve 2 includes a valve body 21, a valve core 22, a first branch pipe 23, a second branch pipe 24, a third branch pipe 25, and a rotary joint 28. The valve body 21 is a cylindrical shell, including a base plate 211, an annular sidewall 212, and an annular top plate 213. The valve core 22 has a cylindrical structure. The valve body 21 has an internal mounting cavity that matches the valve core 22. The base plate 211 is a circular flat plate. The base plate 211 and the annular top plate 213 are respectively bolted to the upper and lower ends of the annular sidewall 212. The valve core 22 is movably installed inside the valve body 21. The diameter of the valve core 22 is equal to the inner diameter of the valve body 21. The circumferential sidewall of the valve core 22 is in a rotating sealing fit with the inner sidewall of the valve body 21.

[0055] The valve core 22 has a thrust bearing 27 at both its upper and lower ends, and the valve core 22 is rotatably engaged with the annular top plate and bottom plate of the valve body 21 via the two thrust bearings 27. A handle 26 is installed at the center of the top of the valve core 22, allowing the valve core 22 to be rotated. The first branch pipe 23, the second branch pipe 24, and the third branch pipe 25 are fixed to the outer circumferential wall of the valve body 21, and are arranged along the normal direction of the cross-section of the valve body 21. One end of each branch pipe is fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the valve body 21, and a circular hole corresponding to the position of each branch pipe is opened on the circumferential side wall of the valve body 21. Flow meters and pressure sensors are installed on the first branch pipe 23, the second branch pipe 24, and the third branch pipe 25, respectively. The signal terminals of each flow meter and pressure sensor are connected to a data monitoring system for communication, transmitting the data obtained during the experiment to the data monitoring system for processing.

[0056] The first branch pipe 23 and the second branch pipe 24 are located in the same height plane and are arranged at a 90° angle. The third branch pipe 25 is located below the side of the second branch pipe 24 away from the first branch pipe 23. The angle between the projection of the third branch pipe 25 and the second branch pipe 24 in the vertical direction is an acute angle.

[0057] The rotary joint 28 is installed at the bottom of the valve body 21. The fixed part of the rotary joint 28 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 211 of the valve body 21. The rotating spindle of the rotary joint 28 is fixedly and sealed to the bottom of the valve core 22 and rotates around its axis with the valve core 22. In use, the angle of the valve core 22 is adjusted by the handle 26 so that the rotary joint 28 is connected to the first branch pipe 23, the second branch pipe 24 and or the third branch pipe 25 respectively.

[0058] The valve core 22 has a vertical channel 221 and three radial channels 222 inside. The vertical channel 221 is arranged along the axial direction of the valve core 22, with its upper end closed and its lower end connected to the rotating spindle of the rotary joint 28. The three radial channels are staggered along the normal direction of the cross-section of the valve core 22. One end of each radial channel 222 is connected to the vertical channel 221, and the other end can be connected to the corresponding branch pipe. Specifically, two of the radial channels 222 correspond to the first branch pipe 23 and the second branch pipe 24, respectively, and the other radial channel 222 corresponds to the third branch pipe 25.

[0059] The valve core 22 has three annular grooves spaced axially on its outer circumferential wall. Each annular groove contains a sealing ring 29. Two radial channels 222, corresponding to the first branch pipe 23 and the second branch pipe 24, are located between the uppermost sealing ring 29 and the middle sealing ring 29. Another radial channel 222, corresponding to the third branch pipe 25, is located between the middle sealing ring 29 and the lowermost sealing ring 29. When the first branch pipe 23 and the second branch pipe 24 are connected to the rotary joint 28 through the two radial channels 222, the sidewall of the valve core 22 closes one end of the third branch pipe 25. When the third branch pipe 25 is connected to the rotary joint 28 through the remaining radial channel 222, the sidewall of the valve core 22 closes one end of the first branch pipe 23 and the second branch pipe 24.

[0060] During use, the connection method between the ports of the test section 3 and the two rotary switching valves 2 is determined according to the type of pipeline used in the test. For example, when the test section 3 uses a Y-type diverter pipe for wear testing, one inlet end of the Y-type diverter pipe is connected to the third branch pipe 25 of the rotary switching valve 1. At this time, the valve core 22 of the rotary switching valve 1 closes its first branch pipe 23 and second branch pipe 24, and the two outlet ends of the Y-type diverter pipe are connected to the first branch pipe 23 and second branch pipe 24 of the rotary switching valve 2, respectively. At this time, the rotary switching valve 2... The valve core 22 of the switching valve 2 closes its third branch pipe 25; for example, when the pipeline test section 3 uses a right-angle bend (vertical or horizontal) to test the wear condition, the inlet end of the right-angle bend is connected to the third branch pipe 25 of the rotary switching valve 1, and the outlet end of the right-angle bend is connected to the third branch pipe 25 of the rotary switching valve 2. The valve cores 22 of the rotary switching valve 1 and the rotary switching valve 2 close their respective first branch pipe 23 and second branch pipe 24. When the pipeline test section 3 uses a right-angle bend to test the wear condition, the connection method of the right-angle bend can be referred to.

[0061] The circulating feeding and pressurizing pumping system includes a storage tank, a variable displacement hydraulic piston pump, a pressure relief valve, and a magnetic particle counter. The storage tank is connected to the outlet of a vertical mixing tank via a pipeline. The variable displacement hydraulic piston pump is equipped with an electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and a pressure sensor is installed at the outlet of the pump. The signal terminals of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve and the pressure sensor are respectively connected to the control unit. The inlet of the variable displacement hydraulic piston pump is connected to the outlet of the storage tank, and its outlet is connected to the inlet pipeline of the rotary joint 28 of rotary switching valve 1. The outlet of another rotary switching valve 2 is connected to the storage tank pipeline through a pressure relief valve. The storage tank is equipped with the same agitator. The storage tank is a container for temporarily storing filling material, enabling the filling material to circulate. The agitator inside the storage tank continuously stirs to prevent the filling material from solidifying. The variable displacement hydraulic piston pump is a pressurizing device, and a pressure sensor is equipped at the pump port to monitor the pressure at the pump outlet or key points of the pipeline in real time. The pressure relief valve is the most basic and important safety auxiliary device. It cannot continuously adjust the pressure, but it can be adjusted in an "on / off" manner according to a preset limit value. The magnetic particle counting device is used to record the number of times the filling material circulates in the pipe, and can also record the time taken for a single cycle.

[0062] Specifically, the outlet end of the hydraulic piston pump is connected to the rotary joint 28 of one of the rotary switching valves 2 through the first pipeline 41, and the rotary joint 28 of the other rotary switching valve 2 is connected to the storage tank through the second pipeline 42. The pressure relief valve is installed on the second pipeline 42.

[0063] The magnetic particle counter includes a starting end 5 and a ending end 6. The starting end 5 is located on the pipeline between the variable hydraulic piston pump and the pipeline simulation system, and the ending end 6 is located on the pipeline between the pipeline simulation system and the storage tank, and is connected to the starting end 5. The starting end 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the first pipeline 41, and has a magnetic particle storage cavity inside. The magnetic particle storage cavity communicates with the inside of the first pipeline 41 through a release port located at the top of the first pipeline 41. During operation, the starting end 5 releases strongly magnetic spherical magnetic particles into the inside of the first pipeline 41. The magnetic particles mix with the filling material and flow together with the filling material through the pipeline test section 3.

[0064] The termination end 6 includes a housing 61, a conductor coil 62, an electromagnet 63, and a driving mechanism. The second pipeline 42 passes through the inside of the housing 61 and is fixedly connected to the housing 61. The conductor coil 62 is sleeved on the outside of the second pipeline 42 and is located inside the housing 61 on the side close to the pipeline test section 3. The housing 61 is connected to the starting end 5 through a conveying mechanism.

[0065] The second pipe 42 has a collection port at the top, which is located on the side of the conductor coil 62 away from the pipe test section 3. The electromagnet 63 is an arc-shaped plate that matches the collection port, and its thickness is the same as the wall thickness of the second pipe 42.

[0066] There are two electromagnets 63, which are disposed inside the housing 61 by the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism causes the two electromagnets 63 to collect the magnetic particles passing through the collection port in turn.

[0067] Specifically, the driving mechanism includes a rotating shaft 64, a mounting bracket 65, an electric telescopic rod 66, and a stepper motor 67. The rotating shaft 64 is located outside the second pipe 42 and is arranged parallel to the corresponding section of the second pipe 42. The stepper motor 67 drives the rotating shaft 64 to rotate. The mounting bracket 65 is fixed to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 64. Two electromagnets 63 are each connected to the mounting bracket via an electric telescopic rod 66. The electric telescopic rod 66 is fixed to the mounting bracket 65, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the center position of the convex surface of the corresponding electromagnet 63. In addition, the convex surface of the electromagnet 63 is also linearly slidingly engaged with the mounting bracket 65 via at least two guide rods 68.

[0068] Before the test begins, equipment assembly and filling of main materials (such as fly ash and tailings) and auxiliary materials are required. The pipeline simulation system is first connected according to the test requirements, including piping and communication connections. Different pipe sections, test sections, and valves are connected via bolts, flanges, and gaskets. The batching system mixes fly ash, crushed gangue, and other main materials with cement and other auxiliary materials in a set ratio with water, and thoroughly mixes them in a vertical mixing tank to form a filling slurry or filling paste. Batching system 1 is connected to the circulating feed and pressurization system. The prepared filling material is sent to the storage tank of the circulating feed and pressurization system, where it is continuously stirred to prevent the material from agglomerating.

[0069] Afterwards, the variable hydraulic piston pump is started to pressurize and pump the filling material to the pipeline simulation system according to the set pressure. The pressure sensor at the pump port of the variable hydraulic piston pump and the starting end of the magnetic particle counter are both connected to the control unit. The pressure sensor at the pump port is used to test the pumping pressure, and the magnetic particle counter is used to mark the filling material. The starting end 5 of the magnetic particle counter is close to the pump port of the variable hydraulic piston pump, and the ending end 6 is located on the second pipeline 42 between the pressure relief valve and the storage tank. The starting end 5 and the ending end 6 of the magnetic particle counter are connected to each other.

[0070] The magnetic particle counter operates on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. When the filling material is initially pumped into the pipeline simulation system, the starting end 5 of the magnetic particle counter releases spherical magnetic particles, which mix with the filling material and flow together. The ending end of the magnetic particle counter is located near the outlet of the second pipeline 42. The ending end 6 of the magnetic particle counter includes a conductor coil 62 and at least one electromagnet 63. Because the magnetic particles are magnetic, when they flow through the conductor coil 62 at the ending end 6, the magnetic flux through the conductor coil changes, generating a current in the conductor coil 62 according to the law of electromagnetic induction. When the ending end 6 detects the current change, it immediately activates the electromagnet 63. The magnetic force of the electromagnet 63 recovers the magnetic particles mixed in the filling material. The recovered magnetic particles are then processed and sent back to the starting end 5 for repeated use. Simultaneously, the starting end receives an electrical signal, releasing a second batch of magnetic particles to begin the second round of counting, and so on. The magnetic particle counter counts the number of filling material cycles by releasing magnetic particles at the pump inlet and detecting and recovering them at the pipe tail. The principle is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0071] For any parts not mentioned in this invention, existing technologies can be used or referenced.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0074] Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An indoor testing device for predicting wear and rupture in filled pipes, characterized in that, It includes a batching system, a pipeline simulation system, a circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system, and a data monitoring system. The batching system includes a main material discharge machine, an auxiliary material discharge machine, and a vertical mixing tank. The outlets of the main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine are connected to the vertical mixing tank. The pipeline simulation system includes a pipeline test section, an acoustic detection device, and two rotary valves. The pipeline test section is located between the two rotary valves. The inlet end of the pipeline test section is connected to the outlet end of one of the rotary valves, and the outlet end of the pipeline test section is connected to the inlet end of the other rotary valve. The circulating feeding and pressurized pumping system includes a storage tank, a variable hydraulic piston pump, a pressure relief valve, and a magnetic particle counter. The storage tank is connected to the outlet end of the vertical mixing tank, and a stirrer is installed inside it. The inlet of the variable hydraulic piston pump is connected to the outlet of the storage tank, and its outlet is connected to the inlet pipeline of one of the rotary valves. The outlet of the other rotary valve is connected to the storage tank pipeline through a pressure relief valve. The storage tank is equipped with the same agitator. The magnetic particle counter includes a starting end and a ending end. The starting end is located on the pipeline between the variable hydraulic piston pump and the pipeline simulation system, and the ending end is located on the pipeline between the pipeline simulation system and the storage tank, and is connected to the starting end. The data monitoring system includes a control unit, a transmission unit, and a data processing unit. The control unit is communicatively connected to the data processing unit through the transmission unit. The rotary switching valve includes a valve body, a valve core, a first branch pipe, a second branch pipe, a third branch pipe, and a rotary joint. The valve core has a cylindrical structure, and the valve body has an internal mounting cavity that matches the valve core. The valve core is located inside the valve body, and its circumferential sidewall is in a rotating sealing fit with the inner wall of the valve body. The first branch pipe, the second branch pipe and the third branch pipe are respectively fixed on the outer circumference of the valve body. The rotary joint is installed at the bottom of the valve body. The rotating spindle of the rotary joint is fixedly and sealed to the valve core, and is connected to the first branch pipe, the second branch pipe or the third branch pipe through the valve core respectively. The variable hydraulic piston pump is equipped with an electro-hydraulic proportional valve, and a pressure sensor is provided at the outlet end of the variable hydraulic piston pump. The signal terminals of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve and the pressure sensor are respectively connected to the control unit for communication. The outlet end of the variable hydraulic piston pump is connected to the rotary joint of one of the rotary switching valves through a first pipeline, and the rotary joint of the other rotary switching valve is connected to the storage tank through a second pipeline. The pressure relief valve is installed on the second pipeline. The starting end is fixedly installed on the top of the first pipeline, and has a magnetic particle storage cavity inside. The magnetic particle storage cavity is connected to the inside of the first pipeline through a release port located at the top of the first pipeline. During operation, spherical magnetic particles are released into the interior of the first pipeline from the starting end. The magnetic particles will mix into the filling material and flow together with the filling material through the pipeline test section. The termination end includes a housing, a conductor coil, an electromagnet, and a drive mechanism. The second pipe passes through the inside of the housing and is fixedly connected to the housing. The conductor coil is sleeved on the outside of the second pipe and is located inside the housing on the side near the test section of the pipe. The housing is connected to the starting end through a conveying mechanism. The top of the second pipeline has a collection port located on the side of the conductor coil away from the test section of the pipeline. The electromagnet is an arc-shaped plate that matches the collection port, and its thickness is the same as the wall thickness of the second pipeline. There are two electromagnets, which are arranged inside the housing via the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism causes the two electromagnets to collect magnetic particles passing through the collection port in turn.

2. The indoor testing equipment for predicting wear and rupture in filled pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine adopt the weighing type discharge machine. The vertical mixing tank includes a circular tank body and a mixing mechanism located inside the circular tank body. The main material discharge machine and the auxiliary material discharge machine respectively deliver the main material and auxiliary material into the vertical mixing tank according to the set ratio. After adding water and mixing evenly, the filling material is formed. The mixed filling material is transported to the storage tank through the pipeline.

3. The indoor testing equipment for predicting wear and rupture in filled pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve body is a cylindrical shell, including a bottom plate, an annular side wall and an annular top plate, with the annular top plate and bottom plate respectively fixed to the upper and lower ends of the annular side wall; The valve core is provided with a thrust bearing at its upper and lower ends, and the valve core rotates with the annular top plate and bottom plate of the valve body through the two thrust bearings respectively. The valve core has a vertical channel and three radial channels inside. The vertical channel is arranged along the axial direction of the valve core, with its upper end closed and its lower end connected to the rotating spindle. The three radial channels are staggered along the normal direction of the valve core cross section. One end of each radial channel is connected to the vertical channel, and the other end can be connected to the corresponding branch pipe.

4. The indoor testing equipment for predicting wear and rupture in filled pipes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The valve core has multiple annular grooves arranged at intervals along its axial direction on its outer circumferential wall, and a sealing ring is embedded inside each annular groove. A handle is installed at the top center of the valve core, and the valve core can be rotated by the handle; When the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively connected to the rotary joint through two radial channels, the side wall of the valve core seals one end of the third branch pipe; When the third branch pipe is connected to the rotary joint through the remaining radial channel, the valve core sidewall closes one end of the first and second branch pipes.

5. The indoor testing equipment for predicting wear and rupture in filled pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipeline test section includes a horizontal right-angle bend, a vertical right-angle bend, a contraction reducer, an expansion reducer, a Y-type shunt pipe, or a Y-type merging pipe; The acoustic detection equipment includes multiple ultrasonic sensors, which are regularly arranged on the outer wall of the aforementioned pipeline test section. The signal terminals of all ultrasonic sensors are connected to the data processing unit through a transmission unit.

6. The indoor testing equipment for predicting wear and rupture in filled pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a mounting bracket, an electric telescopic rod, and a stepper motor. The rotating shaft is arranged parallel to the corresponding section of the second pipeline, and the stepper motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The mounting bracket is fixed on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The two electromagnets are connected to the mounting bracket through an electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is fixed on the mounting bracket, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the center position of the convex surface of the corresponding electromagnet. In addition, the convex surface of the electromagnet is linearly slidably engaged with the mounting bracket via at least two guide rods.

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