A nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and its manufacturing method, and a tokamak device.

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion device technology, and in particular to a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and its manufacturing method, and a tokamak device. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber includes an inner shell, polar ribs, a collar plate, a through-type connecting block, and multiple outer shell plates. The inner shell has a receiving cavity, and the outer wall of the inner shell has a through window extending into the receiving cavity. The collar plate is located on the outer wall of the inner shell and surrounds the through window. The through-type connecting block extends through the inner shell and protrudes from the outer wall of the inner shell. The polar ribs are located on the outer wall of the inner shell. The inner shell, the collar plate, the polar ribs, and the through-type connecting block form multiple outer grooves. Multiple outer shell plates cover each outer groove and are connected to the groove wall. In summary, the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber of this invention has extremely high strength, requires fewer welds, and allows for easier control of welding deformation, thus simplifying the manufacturing process and increasing manufacturing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nuclear fusion device technology, and in particular to a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and its manufacturing method, and a tokamak device. Background Technology

[0002] The vacuum chamber is the largest toroidal nuclear safety component closest to the reactor core in a magnetic confinement fusion device. It provides a high-quality vacuum environment and the first line of defense for the steady-state operation of high-temperature plasma, surrounding the internal components (cladding structure and divertor) and providing them with reliable support.

[0003] Traditional tokamak devices (such as EAST, JT-60SA, KSATA, and JET) typically employ a vacuum chamber with a welded inner shell and transverse rings. Because these devices have relatively low fusion power and nuclear heat load, their internal components often use limiters rather than blanket structures, resulting in lighter weight and relatively limited load-bearing requirements on the transverse rings, leading to lower vacuum chamber strength. However, future commercial fusion reactors, in addition to supporting the blanket structure and divertors, may face extreme conditions such as plasma disruption (MD) and vertical displacement events (VDE). Under electromagnetic fault conditions, their internal components will experience instantaneous thermal and electromagnetic loads reaching tens of thousands of tons. These enormous impacts will be transmitted to the vacuum chamber through the connecting structures. Therefore, the vacuum chamber for future commercial fusion reactors needs extremely high strength, and the vacuum chambers used in the aforementioned traditional tokamak devices are not suitable for future commercial fusion reactors.

[0004] Currently, in order to cope with such scenarios with extremely high strength requirements, a vacuum chamber with many small modular structures has been designed. Each small module has multiple "Housing" connection structures and multiple reinforcing ribs welded together. During manufacturing, a large number of welding operations are required, which makes the manufacturing process very complex and lengthy. Moreover, the huge amount of welding makes it difficult to control welding deformation, making the manufacturing process of this vacuum chamber quite troublesome and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and its manufacturing method, as well as a tokamak device, to solve the technical problems of the current high-intensity nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chambers being difficult to manufacture and having low manufacturing efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, comprising an inner shell, a polar rib, a collar plate, a through-type connecting block, and multiple outer shell plates. The inner shell has a receiving cavity, and the outer side wall of the inner shell has a through window extending into the receiving cavity. The collar plate is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner shell and surrounds the through window. The through-type connecting block extends through the inner shell and protrudes from the outer side wall of the inner shell, with a portion of the through-type connecting block extending into the receiving cavity. The polar rib is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner shell, and the extension direction of the through-type connecting block and the extension direction of the polar rib have a first angle, the first angle being greater than 0°. The inner shell, the collar plate, the polar rib, and the through-type connecting block together form multiple outer grooves, and the multiple outer shell plates respectively cover each of the outer grooves and are connected to the groove walls of the outer grooves.

[0007] Optionally, it includes multiple through-type connecting blocks, which are divided into a first connecting block, a second connecting block, and a third connecting block arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The first connecting block and the third connecting block extend inward into the receiving cavity. The first connecting block is used to set the guide rail, the second connecting block is used to position and fix the cladding structure, and the third connecting block is used to support the cladding structure.

[0008] Optionally, the end of the first connecting block facing the receiving cavity is designated as a first connecting part, the top surface of the first connecting part is used to provide a guide rail, the bottom surface of the first connecting part is provided with a clearance part, and the distance between the clearance part and the first connecting part in the vertical direction gradually decreases from the direction closer to the inner shell to the direction farther away from the inner shell.

[0009] Optionally, the end face of the second connecting block facing the receiving cavity is provided with a mounting groove, the groove wall is provided with a mounting slope, the bottom of the groove is provided with a mounting hole, and the wall of the mounting hole is provided with a thread.

[0010] Optionally, the mounting inclined surface extends to the bottom of the mounting groove and has a gap with the opening of the mounting groove. The depth of the mounting inclined surface is set as h, the width of the bottom of the mounting inclined surface in the vertical direction is set as f, the inclination angle of the mounting inclined surface is set as j, the distance from the bottom of the mounting inclined surface to the opening of the mounting groove is set as i, and the height of the second connecting block is g, wherein h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, and j≥100°.

[0011] Optionally, the end of the third connecting block facing the receiving cavity is designated as a third connecting part, the top surface of the third connecting part is provided with a receiving groove, and the groove wall of the receiving groove is provided with a receiving slope.

[0012] Optionally, the inclination angle of the receiving slope is set as a, the depth of the receiving groove is set as b, the width of the bottom of the receiving groove is set as d, the height of the third connecting part along the vertical direction is set as c, and the distance by which the third connecting part protrudes from the receiving cavity is e, wherein b≤d≤1 / 3c≤1 / 4e, and a≥100°.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes multiple collar plates and multiple polar ribs. The collar plates are divided into a first surrounding plate, a second surrounding plate, and a third surrounding plate. The inner shell is provided with multiple through windows. The through windows are divided into a first window, a second window, and a third window arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The first surrounding plate is arranged around the first window, the second surrounding plate is arranged around the second window, and the third surrounding plate is arranged around the third window. The first window has a first connecting block on one or both sides along the width direction, the second window has a second connecting block on one or both sides along the width direction, and the third connecting block is arranged between the second window and the second window. The outer shell is provided with multiple through connecting blocks on both sides relative to the depth direction. Some of the polar ribs are disposed between the first connecting block and the second connecting block, and connected to the first connecting block and the second connecting block; some of the polar ribs are disposed between the first window and the second window, and connected to the first enclosure and the second enclosure; some of the polar ribs are disposed between the first window and the second connecting block, and connected to the first enclosure and the second connecting block; some of the polar ribs are disposed between the second connecting block and the third connecting block, and connected to the second connecting block and the third connecting block; some of the polar ribs are disposed between the second window and the third connecting block, and connected to the second enclosure and the third connecting block; some of the polar ribs are disposed between the third window and the third connecting block, and connected to the third enclosure and the third connecting block; some of the polar ribs are disposed above the first connecting blocks on both sides along the depth direction, and connected to these two first connecting blocks; some of the polar ribs are disposed below the third connecting blocks on both sides along the depth direction, and connected to these two third connecting blocks.

[0014] This invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a vacuum chamber for a nuclear fusion reactor, comprising the following steps: S1. Assemble the inner shells, collar plates and through-type connecting blocks into a ring-shaped component, and connect them together by welding. S2. Weld the polarity stiffeners to the outer side wall of the inner shell and form multiple outer grooves; S3. Place the outer shell plate on the outer groove and weld the outer shell plate to the groove wall of the outer groove.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a tokamak device, comprising a divertor, a blanket structure, and the aforementioned nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber, wherein the divertor and the blanket structure are disposed within the receiving cavity, and the blanket structure is connected to the through-type connecting block. Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber and its manufacturing method, and the tokamak device implemented in this invention are as follows: In the vacuum chamber of the nuclear fusion reactor of this invention, a through-type connecting block extends outward through the inner shell, and its extension direction has a first included angle >0° with the extension direction of the polar rib plate disposed on the outer wall of the inner shell. Combined with a collar plate arranged around the through-hole, an outer groove can be formed with the outer wall of the inner shell as the groove bottom and any two of the side walls of the through-type connecting block, the polar rib plate, and the collar plate as the groove walls. Alternatively, the outer wall of the inner shell can be used as the groove bottom, and the side walls of the through-type connecting block, the polar rib plate, and the collar plate as the groove walls to form the outer groove. This creates a multi-format outer groove structure enclosed on the outer wall of the inner shell. Furthermore, through... The outer shell plate is fitted onto the outer groove and connected to its walls, ultimately forming a composite load-bearing structure of frame and panel. This structure can disperse impact forces to the overall frame composed of the through-type connecting blocks, polar stiffeners, collar plates, and outer shell plate, significantly improving the impact resistance and overall rigidity of the vacuum chamber to meet the strength requirements of future commercial nuclear fusion reactors. Furthermore, the manufacturing of this vacuum chamber only requires welding the inner shell, collar plates, and through-type connecting blocks first, then welding the polar stiffeners, and finally fitting and welding the outer shell plate. The number of welding operations is relatively small, the total amount of welding is small, and welding deformation can be easily controlled, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process and improving manufacturing efficiency. In addition, some through-type connecting blocks extend into the receiving cavity, which can support, guide, position, and fix the internal components. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tokamak device.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of the tokamak device of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view of AA.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the first connecting block of the tokamak device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the second connecting block of the tokamak device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the third connecting block of the tokamak device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber after step S1 of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber after step S2 of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber after step S3 of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the manufacturing method of the present invention.

[0026] Reference numerals: 1. Vacuum chamber of nuclear fusion reactor; 11. Inner shell; 111. Receiving cavity; 112. Through window; 1121. First window; 1122. Second window; 1123. Third window; 12. Polar rib; 13. Collar plate; 131. First enclosure plate; 132. Second enclosure plate; 133. Third enclosure plate; 14. Through-type connecting block; 141. First connecting block; 1411. First connecting part; 1412. Clearance part; 142. Second connecting block; 1421. Mounting groove; 1422. Mounting slope; 1423. Mounting hole; 143. Third connecting block; 1431. Third connecting part; 1432. Receiving groove; 1433. Receiving slope; 15. Outer shell plate; 16. Outer groove; 2. Cladding structure; 21. Connecting end; 3. Divertor; 4. Guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1 to 9, a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1 of the present invention includes an inner shell 11, a polar rib 12, a collar plate 13, a through-type connecting block 14, and a plurality of outer shell plates 15. The inner shell 11 has a receiving cavity 111, and the outer side wall of the inner shell 11 has a through window 112 extending into the receiving cavity 111. The collar plate 13 is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner shell 11 and surrounds the through window 112. The through-type connecting block extends through the inner shell 11 and protrudes from the outer side of the inner shell 11. The inner shell 11 is provided with a wall, and part of the through-type connector extends into the receiving cavity 111. The polar rib 12 is provided on the outer side wall of the inner shell 11. The extension direction of the through-type connector and the extension direction of the polar rib 12 have a first included angle, the first included angle > 0°. The inner shell 11, the collar plate 13, the polar rib 12 and the through-type connector form a plurality of outer grooves 16. A plurality of outer shell plates 15 are respectively covered on each of the outer grooves 16 and connected to the groove wall of the outer groove 16.

[0031] In the above technical solution, in the vacuum chamber 1 of the nuclear fusion reactor of the present invention, the through-type connecting block 14 extends outward through the inner shell 11 and is arranged with a first included angle greater than 0° between its extension direction and the extension direction of the polar stiffener provided on the outer wall of the inner shell 11. With the collar plate 13 arranged around the through window 112, the outer wall of the inner shell 11 can be used as the bottom of the groove, and any two of the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener, and the collar plate 13 can be used as the groove walls to form an outer groove 16. Alternatively, the outer wall of the inner shell 11 can be used as the bottom of the groove, and the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener, and the collar plate 13 can be used as the groove walls to form an outer groove 16. A multi-format outer groove 16 structure is formed by enclosing the outer wall of the inner shell 11. Furthermore, the outer shell plate 15 is fitted onto the outer groove 16 and connected to its wall, ultimately forming a frame-panel composite load-bearing structure. This structure can disperse impact force to the overall frame composed of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener 12, the collar plate 13, and the outer shell plate 15, significantly improving the impact resistance and overall rigidity of the vacuum chamber to meet the strength requirements of future commercial nuclear fusion reactors. Moreover, in manufacturing this vacuum chamber, only the inner shell 11, collar plate 13, and through-type connecting block 14 need to be welded together first, then the polar stiffener 12 needs to be welded, and finally the outer shell plate 15 needs to be fitted and welded. The number of welding operations is relatively small, the total amount of welding is small, and welding deformation can be easily controlled, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process and improving manufacturing efficiency. In addition, some of the through-type connecting blocks 14 extend into the receiving cavity 111, which can support, guide, position, and fix the internal components.

[0032] The through-type connecting block 14 can extend along the width direction, the polar ribs are arranged around the inner shell 11, and some polar plates extend along the vertical direction.

[0033] Preferably, the first included angle is 90°.

[0034] Furthermore, it includes multiple through-type connecting blocks 14, which are divided into a first connecting block 141, a second connecting block 142, and a third connecting block 143 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting block 141 and the third connecting block 143 extend inward into the receiving cavity 111. The first connecting block 141 is used to set the guide rail 4, the second connecting block 142 is used to position and fix the cladding structure 2, and the third connecting block 143 is used to support the cladding structure 2.

[0035] This design allows for specialized functions of connecting blocks at different heights, avoiding structural complexity and stress concentration issues caused by a single connecting block simultaneously serving as the mounting guide rail 4, positioning, and support. Furthermore, the sequential arrangement of the first connecting block 141, the second connecting block 142, and the third connecting block 143 from top to bottom facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the cladding structure 2. Specifically, the cladding structure 2 is first hoisted into the receiving cavity 111 through the upward-through window 112. Then, the cladding structure 2 is pushed close to the cavity wall of the receiving cavity 111 and placed on the top surface of the third connecting block 143, aligning with the guide rail 4 on the first connecting block 141. Next, the cladding structure 2 is pushed along the guide rail 4 to move it to the connecting structure on the second connecting block 142 corresponding to the cladding structure 2. Finally, the connecting piece is installed to fix the cladding structure 2 to the second connecting block 142, thus achieving the installation and fixation of the cladding structure 2. The disassembly steps are reversed.

[0036] Furthermore, the end of the first connecting block 141 facing the receiving cavity 111 is provided as a first connecting part 1411. The top surface of the first connecting part 1411 is used to provide a guide rail 4, and the bottom surface of the first connecting part 1411 is provided with a clearance part 1412. The distance between the clearance part 1412 and the first connecting part 1411 in the vertical direction gradually decreases from the direction close to the inner shell 11 to the direction far away from the inner shell 11.

[0037] The avoidance part 1412 is used to avoid other components in the cladding structure 2 and the receiving cavity 111 to avoid interference, provide sufficient space for the layout of internal components, and improve structural compatibility.

[0038] Furthermore, the end face of the second connecting block 142 facing the receiving cavity 111 is provided with a mounting groove 1421, the groove wall of the mounting groove 1421 is provided with a mounting inclined surface 1422, the bottom of the mounting groove 1421 is provided with a mounting hole 1423, and the wall of the mounting hole 1423 is provided with threads.

[0039] The mounting groove 1421 is used to limit the connection end 21 of the cladding structure 2 to prevent the cladding structure 2 from shifting radially or circumferentially along the connection end 21 after assembly, thereby improving connection stability. The mounting ramp 1422 can guide the mounting end of the cladding structure 2 to quickly align with the installation position, thereby reducing the difficulty of assembly alignment and improving installation efficiency. The threaded hole facilitates the detachable connection between the cladding structure 2 and the connecting block through bolts, which is convenient for later maintenance and replacement.

[0040] Furthermore, the mounting inclined surface 1422 extends to the bottom of the mounting groove 1421 and has a gap between it and the opening of the mounting groove 1421. The depth of the mounting inclined surface 1422 is set as h, the width of the bottom of the mounting inclined surface 1422 in the vertical direction is set as f, the inclination angle of the mounting inclined surface 1422 is set as j, the distance from the bottom of the mounting inclined surface 1422 to the opening of the mounting groove 1421 is set as i, and the height of the second connecting block 142 is g, where h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, and j≥100°.

[0041] Among them, the obtuse angle design with angle j≥100° can avoid local stress concentration caused by the slope angle being too small, prevent the slope from cracking under extreme working conditions, and provide a certain strength while having an assembly guiding function; in addition, in the size ratio h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, by limiting the ratio of the slope depth h, bottom width f and overall height g of the connecting block, it is ensured that the second connecting block 142 has sufficient wall thickness at all points to support the bolt preload and impact load when the cladding structure 2 is fixed, and to avoid insufficient strength and rigidity of the second connecting block 142 due to excessive wall thickness.

[0042] Furthermore, the end of the third connecting block 143 facing the receiving cavity 111 is provided as a third connecting part 1431, the top surface of the third connecting part 1431 is provided with a receiving groove 1432, and the groove wall of the receiving groove 1432 is provided with a receiving inclined surface 1433.

[0043] The receiving groove 1432 can limit the cladding structure 2, preventing the cladding structure 2 from moving along the width direction of the receiving groove 1432, thereby improving the support stability and ensuring the safety of the cladding structure 2; the receiving inclined surface 1433 can guide the cladding structure 2 to be placed smoothly in the receiving groove 1432, avoiding component damage caused by hard contact, and simplifying the support assembly steps.

[0044] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the receiving inclined surface 1433 is set as a, the depth of the receiving groove 1432 is set as b, the width of the bottom of the receiving groove 1432 is set as d, the height of the third connecting part 1431 in the vertical direction is set as c, and the distance by which the third connecting part 1431 protrudes from the receiving cavity 111 is e, wherein b≤d≤1 / 3c≤1 / 4e, and a≥100°.

[0045] Among them, the obtuse-angled inclined surface 1433 with an angle a ≥ 100° can effectively increase the contact area between the bottom of the cladding and the inclined surface, dispersing the weight of the cladding and the impact load under extreme working conditions to the wall and bottom of the receiving groove 1432, avoiding excessive local pressure that could lead to deformation of the groove wall or slippage of the cladding structure 2; in addition, in the size ratio b ≤ d ≤ 1 / 3c ≤ 1 / 4e, by limiting the ratio of the depth b of the receiving groove 1432, the width d of the groove bottom, the height c of the third connecting part 1431 and the protrusion distance e, it is ensured that the main structure of the third connecting part 1431 has sufficient wall thickness to cope with the supporting load, and preventing the connecting part from being weakened to insufficient strength due to the excessive depth of the groove, thus leading to breakage.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes multiple collar plates 13 and multiple polar ribs 12. The collar plates 13 are divided into a first surrounding plate 131, a second surrounding plate 132 and a third surrounding plate 133. The inner shell 11 is provided with multiple through windows 112. The through windows 112 are divided into a first window 1121, a second window 1122 and a third window 1123 arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The first surrounding plate 131 is arranged around the first window 1121, the second surrounding plate 132 is arranged around the second window 1122, and the third surrounding plate 133 is arranged around the third window 1123. The first window 1121 is provided with a first connecting block 141 on one or both sides along the width direction, the second window 1122 is provided with a second connecting block 142 on one or both sides along the width direction, and the third connecting block 143 is located between the second window 1122 and the second window 1122. Some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the first connecting block 141 and the second connecting block 142, and connected to the first connecting block 141 and the second connecting block 142; some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the first window 1121 and the second window 1122, and connected to the first enclosure panel 131 and the second enclosure panel 132; and some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the first window 1121 and the second connecting block 142, and connected to the first enclosure panel 131 and the second connecting block 142. Some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the second connecting block 142 and the third connecting block 143, and connected to the second connecting block 142 and the third connecting block 143; some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the second window 1122 and the third connecting block 143, and connected to the second enclosure 132 and the third connecting block 143; some of the polar ribs 12 are disposed between the third window 1123 and the third connecting block 143, and connected to the third enclosure 133 and the third connecting block 143.

[0047] Among them, multiple polar stiffeners 12, multiple collar plates 13, and multiple through-type connecting blocks 14 form a three-dimensional support network, which can quickly disperse local loads to the overall structure, avoid local stress concentration, and further improve the overall stiffness and impact resistance of the vacuum chamber.

[0048] Furthermore, the outer shell is provided with a plurality of through-type connecting blocks 14 on both sides relative to the depth direction; some of the polar ribs 12 are provided above the first connecting blocks 141 on both sides along the depth direction and are connected to the two first connecting blocks 141, and some of the polar ribs 12 are provided below the third connecting blocks 143 on both sides along the depth direction and are connected to the two third connecting blocks 143.

[0049] Among them, the ribs connected in the depth direction form a transverse reinforcement beam, which further optimizes the overall stress structure, supplements the support strength in the depth direction of the vacuum chamber, avoids the deformation caused by insufficient stiffness in the depth direction of traditional structures, enables the vacuum chamber to cope with extreme loads in multiple directions, makes the structural strength more balanced, and improves the structural stability and service life of the vacuum chamber in long-term operation.

[0050] Reference Figures 7 to 10 This embodiment also relates to a method for manufacturing the aforementioned nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1, comprising the following steps: S1. The inner shells 11, collar plate 13 and through connecting block 14 are assembled together to form a ring-shaped component and connected together by welding. S2. Weld each polarity stiffener to the outer wall of the inner shell 11 and form multiple outer grooves 16. S3. Place the outer shell plate 15 on the outer groove 16 and weld the outer shell plate 15 to the groove wall of the outer groove 16.

[0051] This method, which first forms a ring-shaped main body and then welds the reinforcing ribs and finally the cover panel, reduces the number of welding operations (eliminating the need to weld multiple small modules), simplifies the manufacturing process, and improves production efficiency. Furthermore, by welding the main structure first and then performing detailed welding, deformation of the main body caused by welding small parts first can be avoided, reducing the difficulty of controlling welding deformation, ensuring the precision of the final product, and improving the manufacturing qualification rate.

[0052] Reference Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment also relates to a tokamak device, including a divertor 3, a blanket structure 2, and the aforementioned nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1. The divertor 3 and the blanket structure 2 are disposed in the receiving cavity 111, and the blanket structure 2 is connected to the through-type connecting block 14.

[0053] The top surface of the first connecting block 141 may be provided with a guide rail 4. The cladding structure 2 is slidably connected to the first connecting block 141, detachably connected to the second connecting block 142, and abuts against the third connecting block 143.

[0054] Furthermore, fixed setting and fixed connection refer to the fixed relative positional relationship of two components, including but not limited to fixing by connectors, fixing by welding, fixing by adhesive, fixing by integral molding, and fixing by snap-fit ​​connection.

[0055] Furthermore, detachable connection and detachable setting refer to the ability of two components to be repeatedly assembled and disassembled without damage or severe deformation, including but not limited to fixing by connectors or fixing by snap-fit ​​connections.

[0056] Furthermore, sliding connection and sliding setting refer to the connection between two connected components, where one component can slide along a fixed trajectory on the other component, including but not limited to connection by sliding a slider into a groove, or connection by inserting a slider into a hole whose size and profile match the slider.

[0057] Furthermore, the connectors include, but are not limited to, fasteners, straps, ropes, pneumatic connectors, hydraulic connectors, flanges, Velcro, and buttons.

[0058] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber 1 and its manufacturing method, as well as a tokamak device, the technical effects of which are as follows: In the vacuum chamber 1 of the nuclear fusion reactor of the present invention, a through-type connecting block 14 extends outward through the inner shell 11 and is arranged such that its extension direction has a first included angle greater than 0° with the extension direction of the polar rib plate disposed on the outer wall of the inner shell 11. In conjunction with the collar plate 13 arranged around the through-window 112, an outer groove 16 can be formed by using the outer wall of the inner shell 11 as the groove bottom and any two of the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar rib plate, and the collar plate 13 as groove walls. Alternatively, the outer wall of the inner shell 11 can be used as the groove bottom, and the side walls of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar rib plate, and the collar plate 13 can be used as groove walls to form the outer groove 16. This creates a multi-format outer groove 16 structure enclosed on the outer wall of the inner shell 11. The outer shell 15 is then fitted onto the outer groove 16 and connected to its wall, ultimately forming a frame-panel composite load-bearing structure. This structure can disperse the impact force to the overall frame composed of the through-type connecting block 14, the polar stiffener 12, the collar plate 13, and the outer shell 15, significantly improving the impact resistance and overall rigidity of the vacuum chamber to meet the strength requirements of future commercial nuclear fusion reactors. Furthermore, in manufacturing this vacuum chamber, it is only necessary to first weld the inner shell 11, the collar plate 13, and the through-type connecting block 14, then weld the polar stiffener 12, and finally fit and weld the outer shell 15. The number of welding operations is relatively small, the total amount of welding is small, and welding deformation can be easily controlled, significantly simplifying the manufacturing process and improving manufacturing efficiency. In addition, some of the through-type connecting blocks 14 extend into the receiving cavity 111, which can support, guide, position, and fix the internal components.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum chamber (1) for a nuclear fusion reactor, characterized in that, The system includes an inner shell (11), a polar rib (12), a collar plate (13), a through-type connecting block (14), and multiple outer shell plates (15). The inner shell (11) has a receiving cavity (111). The outer wall of the inner shell (11) has a through window (112) extending into the receiving cavity (111). The collar plate (13) is located on the outer wall of the inner shell (11) and surrounds the through window (112). The through-type connecting block extends through the inner shell (11) and protrudes from the outer wall of the inner shell (11). Part of the outer shell plate... A through-type connecting block is inserted into the receiving cavity (111). The polar rib (12) is disposed on the outer side wall of the inner shell (11). The extension direction of the through-type connecting block and the extension direction of the polar rib (12) have a first included angle, the first included angle > 0°. The inner shell (11) and at least two of the collar plate (13), the polar rib (12) and the through-type connecting block form a plurality of outer grooves (16). A plurality of outer shell plates (15) are respectively covered on each of the outer grooves (16) and connected to the groove wall of the outer groove (16).

2. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device includes multiple through-type connecting blocks (14), which are divided into a first connecting block (141), a second connecting block (142), and a third connecting block (143) arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first connecting block (141) and the third connecting block (143) extend into the receiving cavity (111). The first connecting block (141) is used to set the guide rail (4), the second connecting block (142) is used to position and fix the cladding structure (2), and the third connecting block (143) is used to support the cladding structure (2).

3. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the first connecting block (141) facing the receiving cavity (111) is designated as the first connecting part (1411). The top surface of the first connecting part (1411) is used to set the guide rail (4). The bottom surface of the first connecting part (1411) is provided with a clearance part (1412). The distance between the clearance part (1412) and the first connecting part (1411) in the vertical direction gradually decreases from the direction close to the inner shell (11) to the direction far away from the inner shell (11).

4. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second connecting block (142) has an installation groove (1421) on one end face facing the receiving cavity (111), the groove wall of the installation groove (1421) has an installation inclined surface (1422), the bottom of the installation groove (1421) has an installation hole (1423), and the wall of the installation hole (1423) has a thread.

5. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting inclined surface (1422) extends to the bottom of the mounting groove (1421) and has a gap between it and the opening of the mounting groove (1421). The depth of the mounting inclined surface (1422) is set as h, the width of the bottom of the mounting inclined surface (1422) in the vertical direction is set as f, the inclination angle of the mounting inclined surface (1422) is set as j, the distance from the bottom of the mounting inclined surface (1422) to the opening of the mounting groove (1421) is set as i, and the height of the second connecting block (142) is g, where h≤f≤1 / 3i≤1 / 4g, and j≥100°.

6. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third connecting block (143) is provided with a third connecting part (1431) at one end facing the receiving cavity (111). The top surface of the third connecting part (1431) is provided with a receiving groove (1432), and the groove wall of the receiving groove (1432) is provided with a receiving inclined surface (1433).

7. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the receiving slope (1433) is set as a, the depth of the receiving groove (1432) is set as b, the width of the bottom of the receiving groove (1432) is set as d, the height of the third connecting part (1431) in the vertical direction is set as c, and the distance by which the third connecting part (1431) protrudes from the receiving cavity (111) is e, where b≤d≤1 / 3c≤1 / 4e, and a≥100°.

8. The nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes multiple collar plates (13) and multiple polar ribs (12). The collar plates (13) are divided into a first surrounding plate (131), a second surrounding plate (132), and a third surrounding plate (133). The inner shell (11) is provided with multiple through windows (112). The through windows (112) are divided into a first window (1121), a second window (1122), and a third window (1123) arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The first surrounding plate (131) is arranged around the first window (1121), and the second surrounding plate (132) is arranged around the first window (1121). A second window (1122) is provided, and a third enclosure (133) is provided around the third window (1123). The first window (1121) has a first connecting block (141) on one or both sides along the width direction, and the second window (1122) has a second connecting block (142) on one or both sides along the width direction. The third connecting block (143) is provided between the second window (1122) and the second window (1122). The outer shell has a plurality of through connecting blocks (14) on both sides relative to the depth direction. Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the first connecting block (141) and the second connecting block (142) and connected to the first connecting block (141) and the second connecting block (142). Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the first window (1121) and the second window (1122) and connected to the first enclosure (131) and the second enclosure (132). Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the first window (1121) and the second connecting block (142) and connected to the first enclosure (131) and the second connecting block (142). Some of the polar ribs (12) are disposed between the second connecting block (142) and the third connecting block (143) and connected to the second connecting block (142). The third connecting block (143) has a portion of the polar ribs (12) located between the second window (1122) and the third connecting block (143), and connected to the second enclosure (132) and the third connecting block (143). A portion of the polar ribs (12) are located between the third window (1123) and the third connecting block (143), and connected to the third enclosure (133) and the third connecting block (143). A portion of the polar ribs (12) are located above the first connecting blocks (141) on both sides along the depth direction, and connected to these two first connecting blocks (141). A portion of the polar ribs (12) are located below the third connecting blocks (143) on both sides along the depth direction, and connected to these two third connecting blocks (143).

9. A method for manufacturing a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1), used to manufacture the nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The inner shell (11), collar plate (13) and through-type connecting block (14) are assembled together to form a ring-shaped component and connected together by welding; and the through-type connecting block (14) is provided to penetrate the inner shell (11) and protrude from the outer side wall of the inner shell (11), and part of the through-type connecting block (14) extends into the receiving cavity (111); S2. Weld each polar rib to the outer side wall of the inner shell (11), and make the extension direction of the polar rib and the extension direction of the through connecting block have a first angle, the first angle > 0°, and form a plurality of outer grooves (16) by the inner shell (11) and at least two of the collar plate (13), polar rib and through connecting block (14). S3. Place the outer shell plate (15) on the outer groove (16) and weld the outer shell plate (15) to the groove wall of the outer groove (16).

10. A tokamak device, characterized in that, Includes a divertor (3), a cladding structure (2), and a nuclear fusion reactor vacuum chamber (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the divertor (3) and the cladding structure (2) are disposed in the receiving cavity (111), and the cladding structure (2) is connected to the through-type connecting block (14).

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