A small high-polarization isolated filtering antenna

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a small, high-polarization isolation and filtering antenna, comprising a feed layer, a coupling layer, a radiating layer, and a choke layer, which are stacked sequentially from bottom to top above the feed layer. The feed layer and the coupling layer are electrically connected, and the coupling layer implements an anti-phase feed and coupling design. The radiating layer and the choke layer are integrated with the antenna design, and the radiating layer and the choke layer work together to achieve high and low frequency suppression. This invention achieves miniaturization, high polarization isolation, and filtering functions for the antenna, meeting the antenna performance requirements of satellite communications and other applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a small, highly polarized isolation filter antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technologies such as satellite communication, the demand for antennas with high cross-polarization suppression ratio, miniaturization, and built-in filtering characteristics is becoming increasingly apparent, and the requirements for antenna performance are becoming increasingly stringent. Small high-polarization isolation filter antennas have become a research hotspot.

[0003] Traditional antennas often improve cross-polarization suppression by rotating the antenna 180 degrees and extending the feed line by 180 degrees, thereby enhancing the main radiating polarization and suppressing cross-polarization. However, this rotation and phase compensation method has significant drawbacks. The 180-degree phase compensation increases the transmission line length, placing enormous space pressure on the feed network, and the dispersion characteristics of the transmission line result in poor cross-polarization suppression over a wide bandwidth. Regarding miniaturization, while using high-dielectric-constant substrates can reduce antenna size, it also lowers the antenna's operating bandwidth. Increasing the cutting of current paths can easily affect the antenna's radiating structure, leading to abnormal radiation patterns. Furthermore, in notch antennas, adding filtering circuits to the transmission line introduces losses and reduces antenna efficiency; using irregularly shaped slots in the radiating sheet for filtering is difficult to balance with operating bandwidth and also risks distorting the radiation pattern.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a small, highly polarized isolation filter antenna to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a small, highly polarized isolation filter antenna to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a small high-polarization isolation filter antenna, comprising a feed layer, a coupling layer, a radiating layer and a choke layer, wherein the coupling layer, the radiating layer and the choke layer are stacked sequentially above the feed layer from bottom to top;

[0007] The feed layer is electrically connected to the coupling layer, and the coupling layer implements an anti-phase feed and coupling design;

[0008] The radiating layer and the choke layer are integrated with the antenna design, and the radiating layer and the choke layer work together to achieve high and low frequency suppression.

[0009] Preferably, the coupling layer includes a coaxial probe, an impedance adjustment line, an inner coupling plate, and an outer coupling plate. The coaxial probe is connected to the impedance adjustment line, the impedance adjustment line is energized on one side and connected to the inner coupling plate, and the signal is fed in by the coaxial probe, split by the impedance adjustment line to the inner coupling plate, and then conducted to the radiation layer.

[0010] Preferably, the coupling layer further includes a coupling seam, which is formed between the inner coupling plate and the outer coupling plate. The coupling seam is annular and naturally forms an anti-phase feed in the current transmission direction.

[0011] Preferably, the coupling layer further includes a grounding ring, and the coupling seam and the grounding ring form a waveguide-like coupled radiation structure to suppress the coupling and radiation of signals below the cutoff frequency.

[0012] Preferably, the radiation layer includes a radiation sheet with several regularly shaped cutting grooves.

[0013] Preferably, the cut groove structure expands the antenna's operating bandwidth without affecting the antenna's radiation pattern, giving the radiating sheet inductive characteristics.

[0014] Preferably, the choke layer includes a suppression arm, a choke ring, a grounding wire, and a grounding frame. The suppression arm is arranged alternately with the cutting groove, and all suppression arms intersect with the choke ring. The choke ring is connected to the grounding frame through several grounding wires, and the grounding frame is in communication with the metal floor.

[0015] Preferably, the suppression arm and the radiating plate form a capacitor structure, which, together with the inductance introduced by the groove on the radiating plate, constitutes a series inductor and parallel capacitor structure.

[0016] Preferably, the grounding wires are multiple wires that are not arranged continuously.

[0017] Preferably, the size of the coupling slot is adapted to the antenna's operating bandwidth. By adjusting the width and annular radius of the coupling slot, the effective operating bandwidth for high cross-polarization suppression is optimized.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This invention discloses a small, high-polarization isolation filter antenna. The overall structure adopts a multi-layer stacked design, consisting of a feed layer, a coupling layer, a radiating layer, and a choke layer. The coupling layer, radiating layer, and choke layer are stacked sequentially above the feed layer from bottom to top. Through a unique four-layer structural design and specific functions of each layer, miniaturization is achieved while maintaining good antenna performance through reasonable structural design and coordination of each layer. The feed layer and coupling layer are electrically connected, and the coupling layer implements an anti-phase feeding coupling design, avoiding the problem of increased transmission line length due to 180-degree phase compensation in traditional methods, thereby reducing the space pressure on the feed network and potentially improving cross-polarization suppression in the broadband range. The radiating layer and choke layer are integrated with the antenna design, and the two work together to achieve high and low frequency suppression functions, avoiding the loss problems caused by adding filter circuits to the transmission line. Simultaneously, it is expected to achieve filtering functions while maintaining operating bandwidth and reducing the risk of pattern distortion. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the small, high-polarization isolation filter antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coupling layer of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the radiation layer of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the choke layer of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Coupling layer; 2. Radiation layer; 3. Choke layer; 4. Feed layer; 11. Coaxial probe; 12. Impedance adjustment line; 13. Inner coupling plate; 14. Outer coupling plate; 15. Coupling seam; 16. Grounding ring; 21. Radiation plate; 22. Cut groove; 31. Grounding frame; 32. Grounding wire; 33. Choke ring; 34. Suppression arm; 41. Grounding ring via; 42. Coaxial probe via; 43. Grounding frame via. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a small high-polarization isolation filter antenna, including a feed layer 4, a coupling layer 1, a radiating layer 2 and a choke layer 3, which are stacked sequentially from bottom to top on top of the feed layer 4.

[0028] The feed layer 4 is electrically connected to the coupling layer 1, and the coupling layer 1 implements the anti-phase feed and coupling design;

[0029] The radiating layer 2 and choke layer 3 are integrated with the antenna design, and the radiating layer 2 and choke layer 3 work together to achieve high and low frequency suppression.

[0030] This invention discloses a miniature high-polarization isolation filter antenna. The overall structure employs a multi-layer stacked design, consisting of a feed layer 4, a coupling layer 1, a radiating layer 2, and a choke layer 3. The coupling layer 1, radiating layer 2, and choke layer 3 are stacked sequentially above the feed layer 4 from bottom to top. Through a unique four-layer structure design and specific functions of each layer, miniaturization is achieved while maintaining good antenna performance through reasonable structural design and coordination of each layer. The feed layer 4 is electrically connected to the coupling layer 1. The coupling layer 1 implements an anti-phase feeding coupling design, avoiding the problem of increased transmission line length due to 180-degree phase compensation in traditional methods, thus reducing the space pressure on the feed network and potentially improving cross-polarization suppression over a wide bandwidth. The radiating layer 2 and choke layer 3 are integrated with the antenna design, working together to achieve high and low frequency suppression functions, avoiding the loss problems caused by adding filtering circuits to the transmission line. This approach also aims to achieve filtering while maintaining operating bandwidth and reducing the risk of pattern distortion. This invention achieves antenna miniaturization, high polarization isolation, and filtering functions, meeting the antenna performance requirements of satellite communications and other applications.

[0031] Further optimization of the scheme: Coupling layer 1 includes a coaxial probe 11, an impedance adjustment line 12, an inner coupling plate 13, and an outer coupling plate 14. The coaxial probe 11 is connected to the impedance adjustment line 12, which is fed from one side and connected to the inner coupling plate 13. The signal is fed into the coaxial probe 11, split by the impedance adjustment line 12, and then conducted to the inner coupling plate 13 before being transmitted to the radiating layer 2. The signal is fed into the coaxial probe 11, split by the impedance adjustment line 12, and then transmitted to the inner coupling plate 13, thus defining the signal transmission path inside coupling layer 1. The signal splitting is achieved through the single-sided fed impedance adjustment line 12, eliminating the need for 180-degree antenna rotation and feed line extension as in traditional technologies. This reduces the transmission line length, lowers the spatial pressure on the feed network, ensures stable signal transmission, and provides structural support for subsequent anti-phase feeding and improved cross-polarization suppression ratio.

[0032] Further optimization involves coupling layer 1, which also includes a coupling slot 15. The coupling slot 15 is annular, forming a ring between the inner coupling plate 13 and the outer coupling plate 14, naturally creating anti-phase feeding in the current transmission direction. This annular coupling slot 15 between the inner and outer coupling plates 13 and 14 naturally achieves anti-phase feeding, avoiding the dispersion problem caused by traditional phase compensation methods and expanding the effective operating bandwidth of the high cross-polarization suppression antenna. The anti-phase feeding mechanism causes the longitudinal polarization electric field current to cancel out in phase, while the transverse polarization electric field signal is enhanced by in-phase superposition, significantly improving the cross-polarization suppression effect.

[0033] Further optimizing the scheme, coupling layer 1 also includes a grounding ring 16. The coupling slot 15 and the grounding ring 16 form a waveguide-like coupled radiation structure to suppress the coupling and radiation of signals below the cutoff frequency. The combination of coupling slot 15 and grounding ring 16 forms a waveguide-like coupled radiation structure with high-pass filtering function, which can effectively suppress the coupling and radiation of low-frequency signals below the cutoff frequency, achieve out-of-band suppression in the low-frequency band, optimize the antenna operating frequency range, eliminate the need for additional filtering circuits on the transmission line, avoid the loss problems introduced by traditional filtering schemes, and ensure antenna radiation efficiency.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coupling seam 15 and the grounding ring 16 are combined to form a waveguide-like coupled radiation structure, which effectively suppresses the coupling and radiation of signals below the cutoff frequency, forming a high-pass filter structure.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, reference is made to the appendix. Figure 2 As shown, the asymmetrical signal input caused by the unilateral feeding of the impedance adjustment line 12 divides the signal power into two branches along the coupling seam 15, one above the other. Each branch has the ability to couple the signal, thus forming a power-dividing coupling integrated structure. For the longitudinal polarization electric field, the currents are superimposed in opposite phases, forming mutual cancellation and suppressing the cross-polarization electric field; for the transverse polarization electric field, the signals are superimposed in phase, increasing the main polarization electric field and improving the suppression of cross-polarization.

[0036] Further optimization of the scheme: Radiation layer 2 includes a radiating sheet 21, on which several regularly shaped cutting grooves 22 are provided. The core component of radiation layer 2 is the radiating sheet 21. The regularly shaped cutting grooves 22 on the radiating sheet 21 expand the antenna's operating bandwidth and provide a structural basis for subsequent cooperation with choke layer 3 to suppress high-frequency radiation. This overcomes the defect in traditional miniaturization technology where cutting current paths easily leads to abnormal radiation patterns. While achieving antenna miniaturization, it ensures the stability of the radiation pattern, providing a structural basis for subsequent expansion of operating bandwidth and formation of inductive characteristics, thus balancing miniaturization and performance stability.

[0037] Further optimization of the design allows the cut groove 22 structure to expand the antenna's operating bandwidth without affecting its radiation pattern, giving the radiating plate 21 inductive characteristics. The core function of the cut groove 22 is to expand the antenna's operating bandwidth without affecting its radiation direction, enabling the radiating plate 21 to possess inductive characteristics. This provides the electrical basis for forming a filtering structure with the choke layer 3. While expanding the bandwidth, it ensures the stability of the antenna's radiation pattern, and the inductive characteristics of the radiating plate 21 facilitate high-frequency suppression when used with the choke layer 3. This addresses the limitation of reduced operating bandwidth caused by traditional high-dielectric-constant miniaturization schemes, achieving a balance between miniaturization and wide bandwidth.

[0038] Further optimizing the scheme, the choke layer 3 includes suppression arms 34, choke rings 33, grounding wires 32, and a grounding frame 31. The suppression arms 34 are staggered with the cutting grooves 22, and all suppression arms 34 intersect with the choke rings 33. The choke rings 33 are connected to the grounding frame 31 through several grounding wires 32, and the grounding frame 31 is electrically connected to the metal ground plane. The choke layer 3 is located above the radiating layer 2 and consists of suppression arms 34, choke rings 33, grounding wires 32, and a grounding frame 31. The suppression arms 34 are staggered with the cutting grooves 22 on the radiating sheet 21, and all suppression arms 34 intersect with the choke rings 33. The choke rings 33 are connected to the grounding frame 31 through several grounding wires 32, and the grounding frame 31 is connected to the antenna metal base plate.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present invention, the grounding frame 31 is connected to the antenna metal base plate through the grounding frame through hole 43.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coaxial probe 11 passes through the coaxial probe via 42 to connect the coupling layer 1 and the feed layer 4.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the grounding ring 16 is grounded through the grounding ring via 41.

[0042] Further optimization involves forming a capacitor structure between the suppression arm 34 and the radiating plate 21. This capacitor structure, in conjunction with the inductance introduced by the cutting groove 22 on the radiating plate 21, constitutes a series inductor-parallel capacitor structure. The capacitor structure formed by the suppression arm 34 and the radiating plate 21 in the choke layer 3, together with the inductance introduced by the cutting groove 22, forms a series inductor-parallel capacitor structure, providing filtering functionality and effectively suppressing high-frequency electromagnetic wave radiation, achieving out-of-band suppression in the high-frequency band. Simultaneously, this structure, in conjunction with the low-frequency suppression function of the coupling layer 1, forms a complete high- and low-frequency out-of-band suppression system. Furthermore, it is an integrated antenna design, not affecting in-band radiation efficiency.

[0043] Further optimization of the scheme involves multiple, discontinuously arranged grounding wires 32. The use of multiple, discontinuously arranged grounding wires 32 in the choke layer 3 ensures that the capacitor of the suppression arm 34 can be effectively grounded, meeting the electrical requirements for high-frequency suppression, while avoiding interference from large-area continuous grounding wires 32 on the antenna radiation performance. This resolves the contradiction between traditional grounding design and radiation performance, ensures the antenna's in-band radiation efficiency, and improves the overall performance of the antenna.

[0044] Further optimization of the scheme involves adapting the size of the coupling slot 15 to the antenna's operating bandwidth. By adjusting the width and annular radius of the coupling slot 15, the effective operating bandwidth for high cross-polarization suppression is optimized. The size of the coupling slot 15 is adapted to the antenna's operating bandwidth; by adjusting its width and annular radius, the size of the coupling slot 15 can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs to optimize the antenna's high cross-polarization suppression performance. This ensures the antenna maintains good performance in different operating scenarios, expands the effective operating bandwidth for high cross-polarization suppression, addresses the shortcomings of traditional anti-phase feeding schemes in cross-polarization suppression over a wide bandwidth, and improves the antenna's performance stability in broadband scenarios.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small, high-polarization isolation filter antenna, characterized in that: It includes a feed layer (4), a coupling layer (1), a radiation layer (2) and a choke layer (3), wherein the coupling layer (1), the radiation layer (2) and the choke layer (3) are stacked on top of the feed layer (4) from bottom to top; The feeding layer (4) is electrically connected to the coupling layer (1), and the coupling layer (1) implements the anti-phase feeding and coupling design; The radiating layer (2) and the choke layer (3) are integrated with the antenna design, and the radiating layer (2) and the choke layer (3) work together to achieve high frequency suppression; The coupling layer (1) includes a coaxial probe (11), an impedance adjustment line (12), an inner coupling plate (13), and an outer coupling plate (14). The coaxial probe (11) is connected to the impedance adjustment line (12). The impedance adjustment line (12) is powered on one side and connected to the inner coupling plate (13). The signal is fed in by the coaxial probe (11), divided by the impedance adjustment line (12) to the inner coupling plate (13), and then conducted to the radiation layer (2). The coupling layer (1) further includes a coupling seam (15), which is formed between the inner coupling plate (13) and the outer coupling plate (14). The coupling seam (15) is annular and naturally forms a reverse-phase feed in the current transmission direction. The coupling layer (1) further includes a grounding ring (16), and the coupling seam (15) and the grounding ring (16) form a waveguide-like coupled radiation structure to suppress the coupling and radiation of signals below the cutoff frequency; The radiation layer (2) includes a radiation sheet (21), on which a number of regularly shaped cutting grooves (22) are provided; The cut groove (22) structure expands the antenna's operating bandwidth without affecting the antenna's radiation pattern, giving the radiating plate (21) inductive characteristics; The choke layer (3) includes a suppression arm (34), a choke ring (33), a grounding wire (32), and a grounding frame (31). The suppression arm (34) is staggered with the cutting groove (22). All suppression arms (34) intersect with the choke ring (33). The choke ring (33) is connected to the grounding frame (31) through several grounding wires (32). The grounding frame (31) is in communication with the metal floor. The suppression arm (34) and the radiating plate (21) form a capacitor structure, which, together with the inductance introduced by the cutting groove (22) on the radiating plate (21), constitutes a series inductor and parallel capacitor structure.

2. The miniature high-polarization isolation filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grounding wires (32) are multiple and not continuously arranged.

3. The miniature high-polarization isolation filter antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the coupling slot (15) is adapted to the antenna operating bandwidth. By adjusting the width and annular radius of the coupling slot (15), the effective operating bandwidth for high cross-polarization suppression is optimized.

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