A detection method and system for efficient monitoring and analysis of microstructure of slag powder

Abstract

This invention relates to a detection method and system for efficient monitoring and analysis of the microstructure of slag powder. The detection method includes: acquiring specific surface area data; calculating fluctuation values ​​and comparing them with a first threshold for judgment and processing; acquiring images, measuring length and width, and comparing them with a second threshold for judgment and processing; measuring the aspect ratio and comparing it with a third threshold for judgment and processing; calculating and processing the proportion of non-spherical large particles; and calculating the relative and absolute changes in the proportion of non-spherical large particles and comparing them with a fourth and a fifth threshold for judgment and processing. This invention establishes a process alarm mechanism based on multi-threshold collaborative judgment, which can promptly issue an alarm when the specific surface area is stable but the particle morphology changes abnormally. This significantly improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of detection, and features rapid response, high data fusion, and low false alarm rate, providing reliable technical support for the refined management and control of the production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of powder material testing technology, and in particular to a detection method and system for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of powder materials such as slag powder, particle size distribution and particle morphology have a significant impact on product performance. Currently, laser particle size analyzers are widely used for online particle size detection. Based on the principle of laser diffraction, they can quickly determine particle size distribution, but they cannot directly reflect particle morphology characteristics and suffer from problems such as limited data sources and accuracy.

[0003] In actual production, situations often arise where the specific surface area does not change significantly, but the particle morphology distribution and product performance indicators differ markedly. This indicates that relying solely on specific surface area data is insufficient to comprehensively reflect the material's quality status. Therefore, there is a need to provide an integrated detection method and system capable of simultaneously monitoring specific surface area and particle morphology to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and improve the comprehensiveness and reliability of quality control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a detection method and system for efficient monitoring and analysis of the microstructure of slag powder, so as to solve one or more problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A detection method for efficient monitoring and analysis of the microstructure of slag powder, the detection method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Detect and acquire specific surface area data, including specific surface area baseline value and instantaneous test value; Step 2: Calculate the fluctuation value. If the fluctuation value is less than or equal to the first threshold, then perform image acquisition and measure the length and width. If the fluctuation value is greater than the first threshold, then update the current instantaneous test value to the baseline value. Step 3: Image acquisition and measurement of length and width. If the length of the longer side is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the aspect ratio is measured. If the length of the longer side is less than the second threshold, it is defined as a small particle and no processing is performed. Step 4: Measure the aspect ratio. If the aspect ratio is greater than the third threshold, it is determined to be a non-spherical large particle. If the aspect ratio is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is defined as a near-spherical large particle. Step 5: Calculate the proportion of non-spherical large particles as the benchmark value or instantaneous proportion value of non-spherical large particles; Step 6: Calculate the relative and absolute changes in the proportion of non-spherical large particles. Trigger a process alarm only if the relative change in proportion is ≥ the fourth threshold and the absolute change in proportion is ≥ the fifth threshold; otherwise, update the baseline value for the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

[0006] Furthermore, the specific surface area reference value is the first detection value when the system is operating stably, and the instantaneous test value is the detection value at constant intervals after the first detection.

[0007] Furthermore, the fluctuation value calculation formula is derived based on the specific surface area benchmark value and the instantaneous test value, as shown in the following formula:

[0008] In the formula: F is the fluctuation value, and the specific surface area benchmark value is updated or retained based on the comparison of each fluctuation value with the first threshold.

[0009] Furthermore, the first calculated percentage of non-spherical large particles is the baseline value for the percentage of non-spherical large particles; otherwise, it is used as the instantaneous percentage value.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculation of the proportion of non-spherical large particles is based on the area of ​​non-spherical large particles relative to the total area of ​​particles in the image acquisition.

[0011] Furthermore, the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles is derived based on the baseline value and instantaneous proportion value of non-spherical large particles, and the calculation formula is shown below:

[0012] In the formula: ΔP_rel is the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles. The proportion benchmark value is updated or retained based on the comparison of the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles with the fourth threshold and the comparison of the absolute change in the proportion with the fifth threshold.

[0013] Furthermore, the absolute change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles is derived based on the baseline value and instantaneous proportion value of non-spherical large particles, and the calculation formula is shown below:

[0014] In the formula: ΔP_abs is the absolute change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

[0015] A detection system is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder. The system includes an image acquisition module and a laser particle size analyzer, wherein the laser particle size analyzer is electrically coupled to the image acquisition module to form a series connection.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser particle size analyzer includes a laser emitter that acts on the sample channel, and the direction of action of the laser emitter is perpendicular to the flow direction of the sample channel.

[0017] Furthermore, the image acquisition module includes a camera and a pulsed light source. The camera and the pulsed light source are respectively disposed on both sides of the sample channel and both act on the sample channel. The acting directions of the camera and the pulsed light source are collinear and intersect with the acting direction of the laser emitter. The camera also has a light-transmitting element on the side closer to the sample channel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: By integrating a laser particle size analyzer with an image acquisition module, dual monitoring of specific surface area and particle morphology is achieved. A process alarm mechanism based on multi-threshold collaborative judgment is established, which can promptly issue an alarm when the specific surface area is stable but the particle morphology changes abnormally, significantly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of detection. The system features fast response, high data fusion, and low false alarm rate, effectively identifying process anomalies and equipment wear, providing reliable technical support for refined control of the production process. It also has advantages such as strong real-time performance, low cost, and simple operation, making it suitable for industrial continuous production environments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention illustrates the schematic flowchart of a detection method and system for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention illustrates a detection method and system diagram for high-efficiency monitoring and analysis of the microstructure of slag powder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 The image shows the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) results of slag powder produced by a vertical mill.

[0022] Figure 4 The image shown is a printed version of the SEM scan results taken with a mobile phone.

[0023] Figure 5 The image shown is a result of the computer software ImageJ analyzing a picture taken by a mobile phone.

[0024] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Laser emitter; 2. Camera; 3. Light-transmitting element; 4. Pulsed light source. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a more detailed explanation of the detection method and system for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder proposed in this invention. The advantages and features of this invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, used only to facilitate and clearly illustrate the purpose of the embodiments of this invention. Please refer to the accompanying drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention.

[0026] Please see Figure 2 This invention provides a detection system comprising an image acquisition module and a laser particle size analyzer, wherein the laser particle size analyzer is electrically coupled to the image acquisition module in series. Taking slag powder sample as an example, the laser particle size analyzer is used to detect the specific surface area of ​​the slag powder in real time. The laser particle size analyzer includes a laser emitter 1, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter 1 acts perpendicularly on the slag powder particles flowing in the sample channel. The specific surface area reference value and instantaneous test value are obtained by analyzing the scattered light signal.

[0027] Furthermore, the image acquisition module includes a camera 2 and a pulsed light source 4. The camera 2 and the pulsed light source 4 are respectively positioned on both sides of the sample channel and both act on the sample channel. The acting directions of the camera 2 and the pulsed light source 4 are collinear and intersect with the acting direction of the laser emitter 1. Preferably, the acting directions of the camera 2 and the pulsed light source 4 are both set at 45° to the flow direction of the sample channel. The camera 2 also has a light-transmitting element 3 on the side near the sample channel. In the actual detection process, the system delivers the slag powder sample to the test area and into the sample channel through a sampler, a dispersion pump, and an air blowing system. The pulsed light source 4 is preferably an LED light source, and the camera 2 is preferably a high-speed industrial camera. The pulsed light source 4 can provide high-brightness, short-pulse illumination, ensuring that the camera 2 can clearly capture the image of the slag powder particles in the sample channel in a very short time, effectively avoiding ghosting caused by particle movement. The light-transmitting element 3 is made of high-transmittance optical glass, and its surface is specially coated to reduce interference caused by light reflection and refraction, further improving the clarity and accuracy of image acquisition. Once the laser particle size analyzer completes the specific surface area data detection and meets the image acquisition conditions, the system will automatically trigger the image acquisition module to work. That is, the camera 2, in sync with the pulsed light source 4, will quickly capture images of the slag powder particles in the sample channel. Each capture can obtain multiple frames of images. Through image stitching and noise reduction algorithms, a complete and clear image of particle distribution is obtained, providing reliable image data support for subsequent length and width measurements and particle type determination.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 A detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder at high efficiency, the detection method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Detect and obtain specific surface area data, including specific surface area baseline value and instantaneous test value.

[0029] The laser emitter 1 of the aforementioned laser particle size analyzer emits a laser to detect and acquire specific surface area data. Since the system is initially unstable, once the system completes its warm-up process and is operating stably, the specific surface area data obtained from the first detection will be automatically set as the initial specific surface area benchmark value. The instantaneous test values ​​are the specific surface area data obtained from periodic detections at preset constant time intervals after the first detection. The system stores the instantaneous test values ​​obtained from each detection in real time and compares them with the current specific surface area benchmark value, providing a data basis for calculating subsequent fluctuation values.

[0030] Step 2: Calculate the fluctuation value. If the fluctuation value is less than or equal to the first threshold, then perform image acquisition and measurement of length and width. If the fluctuation value is greater than the first threshold, then update the current instantaneous test value to the baseline value.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first threshold is preferably 2%. Based on the allowable deviation of the specific surface area result processing selected according to known technical standards, 2% can ensure the balance between the stability and sensitivity of the detection result, so that the error fluctuation is relatively small.

[0032] Specifically, the fluctuation value is calculated based on the specific surface area benchmark value and the instantaneous test value, as shown in Equation 1 below: (1) In the formula: F is the fluctuation value, and the specific surface area benchmark value is updated or retained based on the comparison of each fluctuation value with the first threshold.

[0033] In actual calculations, once the system acquires a new instantaneous test value, it immediately substitutes it into Formula 1 above and the current specific surface area benchmark value to obtain the corresponding fluctuation value F. If the calculated F ≤ 2%, it indicates that the specific surface area of ​​the slag powder is in a relatively stable state, and the system will trigger the image acquisition module to start working and perform subsequent length and width measurements on the slag powder particles. Conversely, if F > 2%, it indicates that the specific surface area fluctuation of the slag powder exceeds the set stable range. At this time, the system will automatically update the instantaneous test value to a new specific surface area benchmark value to adapt to changes in the characteristics of the slag powder and ensure that the benchmark data for subsequent detection and analysis always matches the current material state.

[0034] Step 3: Image acquisition and measurement of length and width. If the length of the longer side is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the aspect ratio is measured. If the length of the longer side is less than the second threshold, it is defined as a small particle and no processing is performed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the second threshold is preferably 32μm, which is set based on the statistical results of daily testing. This size can effectively distinguish between large and small particles in slag powder and avoid interference with the calculation of the proportion of non-spherical large particles due to the excessive number of small particles.

[0036] After acquiring images of slag powder particles through the image acquisition module, the system preprocesses the images, including grayscale conversion, binarization, and edge detection, to accurately extract the particle contour information. Then, for each identified particle, the system automatically measures the lengths of its long and short sides of its circumscribed rectangle. When the measured long side length is ≥32μm, the system classifies the particle as a large particle and further calculates its aspect ratio. If the long side length is <32μm, it is directly defined as a small particle and not included in the subsequent analysis of the proportion of non-spherical large particles, thereby reducing the amount of invalid data processing and improving the overall operating efficiency of the system.

[0037] Step 4: Measure the aspect ratio. If the aspect ratio is greater than the third threshold, it is determined to be a non-spherical large particle. If the aspect ratio is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is defined as a near-spherical large particle.

[0038] In this embodiment, the third threshold is preferably 1.5. For slag powder particles, as in step 2, not all particles with a size ≥32μm will have the same negative impact on product performance. For particles with an aspect ratio ≤1.5 that are close to spherical, they still have a certain flow bearing effect, and these large particles can also exist as a supporting skeleton.

[0039] When the aspect ratio is greater than 1.5, these particles have irregular shapes and significant differences in length and diameter. In the application of slag powder, this can easily lead to reduced bulk density and poor flowability, thus affecting the strength and durability of downstream products such as concrete. Therefore, they are classified as non-spherical large particles. During the judgment process, the system iterates through all identified large particles, calculates their aspect ratio for each, and compares it with a third threshold. It then counts the number and area of ​​non-spherical and near-spherical large particles to prepare data for subsequent proportion calculations. Because the particle shape is not a perfectly regular rectangle, the particle length is defined as the maximum projected length in a certain direction, and the width is defined as the minimum projected width perpendicular to the length direction, thus calculating the aspect ratio.

[0040] Step 5: Calculate the proportion of non-spherical large particles as the baseline or instantaneous proportion of non-spherical large particles.

[0041] The calculation of the proportion of non-spherical large particles is based on the ratio of the area of ​​non-spherical large particles to the total area of ​​particles in the image acquisition. Specifically, the system divides the particle distribution image acquired by the image acquisition module into regions, counts the total pixel area of ​​all non-spherical large particles, and calculates the total pixel area of ​​all identified particles in the image, including non-spherical large particles, near-spherical large particles, and small particles. The ratio of these two is the proportion of non-spherical large particles. The first calculated proportion of non-spherical large particles is the baseline value, used for subsequent comparison and analysis with the instantaneous proportion value. After the first calculation, the proportion of non-spherical large particles calculated after each image acquisition and analysis is used as the instantaneous proportion value, reflecting the relative content of non-spherical large particles in the current slag powder sample in real time. Calculating by area proportion more accurately reflects the actual distribution weight of non-spherical large particles in the overall particle system, avoiding interference from small particles that may exist due to particle count statistics, and providing accurate numerical basis for subsequent calculations of proportion changes.

[0042] Step 6: Calculate the relative and absolute changes in the proportion of non-spherical large particles. Trigger a process alarm only if the relative change in proportion is ≥ the fourth threshold and the absolute change in proportion is ≥ the fifth threshold; otherwise, update the baseline value for the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

[0043] In this embodiment, the fourth threshold is preferably 10%, and the fifth threshold is preferably 2%. By setting dual judgment conditions, false alarms or missed alarms that may be caused by a single threshold judgment can be effectively avoided. Specifically, the system first calculates the relative change and absolute change based on the baseline value of the proportion of non-spherical large particles and the current instantaneous proportion value. When the calculated relative change in proportion is ≥10% and the absolute change in proportion is ≥2%, the system determines that the change in the content of non-spherical large particles in the slag powder has posed a potential risk to product quality, and then triggers a process alarm to remind operators to check the status of production equipment in a timely manner, such as the grinding media gradation, feeding rate, grinding pressure and other key process parameters, so as to take adjustment measures to ensure the stability of slag powder product quality. If the above two conditions are not met simultaneously, i.e., the relative change in proportion is <10%, or the absolute change in proportion is <2%, it indicates that the fluctuation of the current proportion of non-spherical large particles is within an acceptable range. The system will automatically update the instantaneous proportion value calculated this time to a new benchmark value for the proportion of non-spherical large particles, so that the benchmark value can dynamically adapt to the normal fluctuations in the slag powder production process and improve the accuracy and continuity of subsequent quality monitoring and analysis.

[0044] Specifically, the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles is derived based on the baseline value and instantaneous proportion value of the proportion of non-spherical large particles, and the calculation formula is shown in Equation 2 below: (2) In the formula: ΔP_rel is the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

[0045] The absolute change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles is derived from the baseline value and instantaneous proportion value of the proportion of non-spherical large particles, and the calculation formula is shown in Equation 3 below: (3) In the formula: ΔP_abs is the absolute change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

[0046] The percentage benchmark is updated or retained based on a comparison of the relative change in the percentage of non-spherical large particles with the fourth threshold and the absolute change in the percentage with the fifth threshold.

[0047] In practical applications, the system compares the relative and absolute changes in the proportion calculated each time with the corresponding fourth and fifth thresholds in real time, and executes corresponding alarms or benchmark value updates based on the comparison results, forming a dynamic closed-loop quality monitoring mechanism. This mechanism can promptly capture abnormal changes in the proportion of non-spherical large particles in slag powder, providing precise trigger signals for optimizing and adjusting the production process, thereby effectively controlling the particle size quality of slag powder and improving the performance stability of downstream products.

[0048] The following data test results for the detection method of this invention are provided to better demonstrate its practical applicability: First, start the vertical mill. After 40 minutes of operation, it will reach a stable state. Then, measure and set the baseline value for the specific surface area detection data. After that, the data measured every 10 minutes is recorded as instantaneous value. The data recorded through step 2 above is shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0049] Then, if the fluctuation value determined by the first comparison test in Table 1 is ≤2%, the length and width are measured, the aspect ratio is calculated and determined, and the data is recorded as shown in Table 2 below: Table 2

[0050] By measuring the length of each particle in the captured image (taking the measurement of three particles as an example), the width of particles with a length greater than or equal to 32μm is further measured, and the aspect ratio is measured. Particles with an aspect ratio greater than 1.5 are defined as non-spherical large particles, while particles with a length less than 32μm are not processed.

[0051] Then, using the non-spherical large particles defined in Table 2, the proportion of non-spherical large particles to the total area was further calculated, and the data was recorded as shown in Table 3 below: Table 3

[0052] Calculate the proportion of each particle to the total area and sum them up. This is the data calculation corresponding to the first comparison test, which serves as the benchmark value for the proportion of non-spherical particles.

[0053] Then, the second comparison test was performed in the same order as above, calculating and judging the fluctuation value, length and width, aspect ratio, and finally the non-spherical large particles. The calculation data for non-spherical large particles is shown in Table 4 below: Table 4

[0054] The measurement result is an instantaneous percentage value. Calculated using formulas 2 and 3 above, the relative change in percentage is 16.36% (≥10%), and the absolute change in percentage is 1.1% (<2%). Therefore, it is determined that no process alarm will be triggered, and the updated percentage baseline value is 5.62.

[0055] Furthermore, this invention also provides laboratory simulation verification of the feasibility of this method and result analysis, as detailed below: like Figure 3 The slag powder was first subjected to SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) to measure particle length. Then, images of the printed SEM images were taken with a mobile phone camera, as shown. Figure 4As shown. Finally, the particle length was measured using ImageJ software, as shown. Figure 5 As shown, the feasibility of the present invention was determined by measuring accuracy, and the measurement results are shown in Table 5 below: Table 5

[0056] Table 5 shows that the measurement error is within 3%, and the accuracy is reliable, verifying the feasibility of the method in this embodiment. By adding an image acquisition module and image processing software, changes in particle morphology can be detected.

[0057] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0058] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A detection method for efficient monitoring and analysis of the microstructure of slag powder, characterized in that: The detection method includes the following steps: Step 1: Detect and acquire specific surface area data, including specific surface area baseline value and instantaneous test value; Step 2: Calculate the fluctuation value. If the fluctuation value is less than or equal to the first threshold, then perform image acquisition and measure the length and width. If the fluctuation value is greater than the first threshold, then update the current instantaneous test value to the baseline value. The formula for calculating the fluctuation value is derived based on the specific surface area benchmark value and the instantaneous test value, as shown in the following formula: In the formula: F is the fluctuation value, and the specific surface area benchmark value is updated or retained based on the comparison of each fluctuation value with the first threshold; Step 3: Image acquisition and measurement of length and width. If the length of the longer side is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the aspect ratio is measured. If the length of the longer side is less than the second threshold, it is defined as a small particle and no processing is performed. Step 4: Measure the aspect ratio. If the aspect ratio is greater than the third threshold, it is determined to be a non-spherical large particle. If the aspect ratio is less than or equal to the third threshold, it is defined as a near-spherical large particle. Step 5: Calculate the proportion of non-spherical large particles as the benchmark value or instantaneous proportion value of non-spherical large particles; Step 6: Calculate the relative and absolute changes in the proportion of non-spherical large particles. Trigger a process alarm only if the relative change in proportion is ≥ the fourth threshold and the absolute change in proportion is ≥ the fifth threshold; otherwise, update the baseline value for the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

2. The detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific surface area reference value is the first detection value when the system is operating stably, and the instantaneous test value is the detection value at constant intervals after the first detection.

3. The detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first calculated percentage of non-spherical large particles is the baseline value for the percentage of non-spherical large particles; otherwise, it is used as the instantaneous percentage value.

4. The detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The calculation of the proportion of non-spherical large particles is based on the area of ​​non-spherical large particles relative to the total area of ​​particles in the image acquisition.

5. The detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles is derived from the baseline value and instantaneous proportion value of the proportion of non-spherical large particles, and the calculation formula is shown below: In the formula: ΔP_rel is the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles. The proportion benchmark value is updated or retained based on the comparison of the relative change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles with the fourth threshold and the comparison of the absolute change in the proportion with the fifth threshold.

6. The detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The absolute change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles is derived from the baseline value and instantaneous proportion value of the proportion of non-spherical large particles, and the calculation formula is shown below: In the formula: ΔP_abs is the absolute change in the proportion of non-spherical large particles.

7. A detection system, said system being applied to the detection method for monitoring and analyzing the microstructure of slag powder as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The system includes an image acquisition module and a laser particle size analyzer, wherein the laser particle size analyzer is electrically coupled to the image acquisition module in series.

8. The detection system as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The laser particle size analyzer includes a laser emitter (1), which acts on the sample channel, and the direction of action of the laser emitter (1) is perpendicular to the flow direction of the sample channel.

9. The detection system as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The image acquisition module includes a camera (2) and a pulsed light source (4). The camera (2) and the pulsed light source (4) are respectively located on both sides of the sample channel and both act on the sample channel. The acting directions of the camera (2) and the pulsed light source (4) are collinear and intersect with the acting direction of the laser emitter (1). The camera (2) is also provided with a light-transmitting element (3) on the side close to the sample channel.

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