An open type motor adaptive air cooling system

Abstract

The application discloses an open-type motor adaptive air cooling system, which comprises a motor shell, end covers, a stator coil and a rotor shaft; the two end covers are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the motor shell, the rotor shaft is coaxially and rotatably connected with the end covers through bearings, a permanent magnet rotor is coaxially and synchronously arranged on the rotor shaft, and the stator coil is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the motor shell; the end of the permanent magnet rotor is coaxially and fixedly provided with a rotor end ring, and the outer side of the rotor end ring is circumferentially and arrayed with a plurality of centrifugal fan blades; the space where the circumferentially and arrayed centrifugal fan blades are located is annular centrifugal space; the motor shell is circumferentially and hollowed out with a plurality of air outlets near the end covers; and the edge of the end cover is circumferentially and provided with a plurality of air inlets; and the multiple contradictions between heat dissipation, noise, efficiency and bearing cooling of the traditional open-type motor under variable working conditions are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electric motors. Background Technology

[0002] In dry, dust-free indoor environments and with good outdoor protection conditions, motors have excellent operating conditions. This allows for a reduction in their protection requirements and a move towards lightweight design, giving rise to open-type motors. However, traditional open-type motors have the following problems:

[0003] The contradiction between air intake and centrifugal pressure: To achieve weight reduction, the air intake of open-type motors is usually located on the edge of the end cover to avoid the complex bearing and oil circuit structure in the central area. However, this layout causes the air intake to face the centrifugal pressure zone generated by the centrifugal fan blades at the rotor end, resulting in positive pressure on the air intake side. This severely hinders the intake of external cold air, leading to poor air-cooled external circulation and low heat dissipation efficiency.

[0004] Fixed air ducts cannot adapt to varying operating conditions: Traditional motor cooling air ducts are fixed. Under the two common operating conditions of constant power motors—high load at low speed and low load at high speed—a fixed air duct system cannot simultaneously meet the requirements.

[0005] At high load and low speed, a more unobstructed airflow is needed to ensure sufficient cooling air volume. At low load and high speed, a fixed unobstructed airflow will lead to excessive cooling air volume, causing whistling noise at the air inlet and outlet. At the same time, the wind friction loss of the high-speed fan blades will increase sharply, reducing motor efficiency and inhibiting further increases in speed.

[0006] Bearing cooling is neglected: Traditional air-cooled designs mainly focus on winding heat dissipation, paying insufficient attention to the heat generation of bearings during high-speed operation, and lacking efficient and low-loss targeted cooling solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an adaptive air-cooling system for open-type motors, which solves the multiple contradictions between heat dissipation, noise, efficiency and bearing cooling faced by traditional open-type motors under varying operating conditions.

[0008] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an openable motor adaptive air-cooling system, comprising a motor housing, end covers, stator coils, and a rotor shaft; the end covers are located at the front and rear ends of the motor housing, and the rotor shaft is coaxially rotated with the end covers via bearings; the permanent magnet rotor is coaxially and synchronously mounted on the rotor shaft, and the stator coils are coaxially fixed to the inner wall of the motor housing;

[0009] The end of the permanent magnet rotor is coaxially fixed with a rotor end ring, and several centrifugal fan blades are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the rotor end ring; the space where the several centrifugal fan blades are arranged in a circular array is a ring-shaped centrifugal space.

[0010] The motor housing has several air outlets arranged in a circular array near the end cover; the edge of the end cover has several air inlets arranged in a circular array, and also includes an external circulation adaptive air collector, which is coaxial in the space between the end cover and the rotor end ring; the external circulation adaptive air collector includes an adaptive converging air duct that can gather the air from the several air inlets at the edge of the end cover toward the motor axis and finally guide it to one side of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades are located.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the external circulation adaptive air collector is an annular air pressure chamber, and the outer periphery of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades are located is connected to the annular air pressure chamber; the annular air pressure chamber is connected to the outside through the air outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the external circulation adaptive air concentrator includes an inner air concentrating ring wall and an outer air concentrating ring wall that are coaxial from the inside to the outside; the adaptive concentrating air duct is located between the inner air concentrating ring wall and the outer air concentrating ring wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner cohesive wind ring wall is conical, and an annular gasket is integrally provided at the thick end of the conical inner cohesive wind ring wall, with the annular gasket fitting against the inner side of the end cap.

[0014] Furthermore, the external wind-gathering annular wall, from the coarse end to the fine end, includes the inlet annular wall section, the adaptive deformation annular wall section, and the outlet annular wall section.

[0015] An annular converging inlet is formed between the inlet annular wall section and the inner wall of the coarse end of the inner cohesive wind annular wall, creating an adaptive converging air duct. An annular converging channel outlet is formed between the outlet annular wall section and the inner wall of the fine end of the inner cohesive wind annular wall, creating an adaptive converging air duct. The annular converging inlet connects to several air inlets. The annular converging channel outlet is coaxially connected to one side of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades are located.

[0016] Furthermore, the inlet annular wall section, the outlet annular wall section, and the cohesive wind annular wall are all made of metal, while the adaptive deformation annular wall section is made of silicone rubber elastic diaphragm material.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer wall of the cohesive wind ring is integrally arranged in a circular array with several swirling suppression blades extending along the generatrix of the cone. These swirling suppression blades are located in the adaptive converging air duct. The annular space of the adaptive converging air duct is divided into multiple relatively independent channels by the several fixed swirling suppression blades, so that the high-speed swirling flow in the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blades are located will not form a swirling flow in the adaptive converging air duct due to the pull of gas adhesion.

[0018] Furthermore, the swirl suppression blade includes a narrow blade segment extending along the generatrix of the cohesive wind annular wall in the middle of the swirl suppression blade, and the two ends of the narrow blade segment are a wide blade protrusion segment and b wide blade protrusion segment respectively. The ends of the a wide blade protrusion segment and the b wide blade protrusion segment are respectively fixedly connected to the inner ring of the inlet annular wall segment and the outlet annular wall segment.

[0019] When the motor enters a high-speed, low-load state, the adaptive deformation ring wall section undergoes elastic deformation towards the inner cohesive ring wall under the combined action of the wind pressure in the outer annular wind pressure chamber and the negative pressure in the inner adaptive converging air duct, forming a convex arc-shaped ring wall section. This causes the middle section of the adaptive converging air duct to gradually narrow. When the process of the adaptive deformation ring wall section gradually deforming into a convex arc-shaped ring wall section reaches a certain point, the convex surface of the convex arc-shaped ring wall section will be surrounded and supported by several narrow blade segments arranged in a circular array, preventing further expansion. Under the surrounding support of several narrow blade segments arranged in a circular array, the middle section of the adaptive converging air duct is prevented from being completely narrowed and closed.

[0020] The inner side of the cohesive wind ring wall forms a central pressure guiding ring chamber. The end of the central pressure guiding ring chamber near the rotor end ring is connected to the side of the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blades are arranged in a circular array. A bearing cooling air duct is provided at the bearing mounting location near the central area of ​​the end cover. The bearing cooling air duct connects the central pressure guiding ring chamber to the outside. The bearing cooling air duct is narrower and longer than the air inlet.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer ring of the inlet ring wall section is coaxially provided with an annular outer edge, which is coaxially clamped in the inner ring annular stop at the connection between the motor housing and the end cover.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: The core innovation of this invention lies in the "external circulation adaptive air collector," which achieves intelligent adjustment of the cooling system through ingenious fluid dynamics and structural design. Its main innovative points are as follows:

[0023] Adaptive converging air duct structure: A ring-shaped conical air duct composed of an inner and outer converging air ring wall was designed, which successfully guides and gathers the air from the air inlet at the edge of the end cover to the negative pressure zone of the centrifugal fan near the motor shaft, fundamentally solving the problem of air intake obstruction and establishing a smooth basic air-cooled external circulation.

[0024] Self-regulating airflow: A self-adaptive deformation ring wall section made of silicone rubber is introduced in the middle section of the outer air-collecting ring wall. This component can automatically change its shape according to the motor speed, air pressure, and negative pressure.

[0025] At low speed: Keep the original state, ensure unobstructed airflow, and guarantee a large volume of air for heat dissipation.

[0026] At high speeds: Under the influence of pressure difference, it bulges inward, automatically narrowing the air duct and intelligently suppressing cooling airflow. This achieves three benefits: reducing whistling noise, reducing fan blade load to improve efficiency, and directing more cooling airflow to the bearings.

[0027] Integrated swirl suppression and structural support functions: Unique swirl suppression blades are installed within the converging air duct. These blades not only effectively divide the air duct, preventing the formation of swirls that oppose the incoming airflow and ensuring smooth airflow, but also act as supports to prevent the adaptive deformation ring wall section from excessively deforming at high speeds and completely sealing off the air duct, ensuring that the cooling system will not completely fail under any operating conditions.

[0028] A highly efficient and separate composite cooling circuit was constructed: a bearing cooling branch independent of the main air-cooled external circulation was constructed through a central pressure-guiding ring chamber and a narrow bearing cooling air duct.

[0029] Under high-speed conditions, when the main air duct is intelligently suppressed, the centrifugal negative pressure increases significantly, and the air volume of this branch will automatically increase, thereby achieving precise and enhanced cooling of the high-speed bearing. Meanwhile, the suppression of the main circulation air volume in turn enhances the cooling effect of this branch. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the openable motor.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the external circulation adaptive wind collector structure;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the external circulation adaptive air collector;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the external circulation adaptive air collector;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the external circulation adaptive wind collector. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 5 The illustrated open-type adaptive air-cooling system for motors includes a motor housing 10, end covers 7, stator coils 11, and a rotor shaft 15. The end covers 7 are respectively secured to the front and rear ends of the motor housing 10 by flange bolts. The rotor shaft 15 is coaxially rotated with the end covers 7 via bearings. A permanent magnet rotor 12 is coaxially and synchronously mounted on the rotor shaft 15, and the stator coils 11 are coaxially fixed to the inner wall of the motor housing 10. A rotor end ring 17 is coaxially fixed at the end of the permanent magnet rotor 12, and several centrifugal fan blades 16 are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the rotor end ring 17. The space containing the several centrifugal fan blades 16 arranged in a circular array is a ring-shaped centrifugal space. Several air outlets 9 are circumferentially perforated near the end covers 7 in the motor housing 10. The diameter of the air outlets 9 is typically 3-8 mm, and the number is 6-10, with a total air outlet area of ​​approximately 50-150 mm².

[0037] In practice, the central area of ​​the end cover 7 not only needs to install bearings, but also needs to be equipped with cooling and lubrication oil circuits and other functional structures to lubricate the bearings. The central area of ​​the end cover 7 cannot have a large air intake channel. Therefore, the high-flow air inlet 1 on the end cover can only be set at the edge of the end cover 7. If the air inlet 1 is set directly at the edge of the end cover 7, since the air inlet 1 is relatively far from the motor axis, the centrifugal force generated by the centrifugal fan blades 16 on the rotor end ring 17 will directly cause wind pressure to form inside the air inlet 1, which will prevent the air inlet 1 from taking in air and thus prevent the formation of a smooth air-cooled external circulation.

[0038] The edge of the end cover 7 is arranged in a circular array with several air inlets 1, and also includes an external circulation adaptive air concentrator 41. The external circulation adaptive air concentrator 41 is coaxial in the space between the end cover 7 and the rotor end ring 17. The external circulation adaptive air concentrator 41 includes an adaptive concentrating air duct 31 that can gather the air from the several air inlets 1 at the edge of the end cover 7 toward the motor axis and finally guide it to one side of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades 16 are located.

[0039] The outer periphery of the external circulation adaptive air collector 41 is an annular air pressure chamber 5, and the outer periphery of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades 16 are located is connected to the annular air pressure chamber 5; the annular air pressure chamber 5 is connected to the outside through the air outlet 9.

[0040] The external circulation adaptive wind concentrator 41 includes an inner wind concentrating ring wall 13 and an outer wind concentrating ring wall 71 that are coaxial from the inside to the outside; the adaptive concentrating air duct 31 is located between the inner wind concentrating ring wall 13 and the outer wind concentrating ring wall 71.

[0041] The inner cohesive wind ring wall 13 is conical, and an annular pad 20 is integrally provided at the thick end of the conical inner cohesive wind ring wall 13. The annular pad 20 fits the inner side of the end cap 7. The outer cohesive wind ring wall 71 includes an inlet ring wall section 3, an adaptive deformation ring wall section 4, and an outlet ring wall section 6 from the thick end to the thin end.

[0042] An annular converging inlet 31a is formed between the inlet annular wall section 3 and the inner wall of the coarse end of the inner cohesive wind annular wall 13, forming an annular converging channel outlet 31b of the adaptive converging wind duct 31. The annular converging inlet 31a is connected to several air inlets 1. The annular converging channel outlet 31b is coaxially connected to one side of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades 16 are located.

[0043] The inlet annular wall section 3, the outlet annular wall section 6, and the cohesive air annular wall section 13 are all made of aluminum alloy, while the adaptive deformation annular wall section 4 is made of silicone rubber elastic diaphragm. The thickness is 1-2mm, the elastic modulus is 0.5-1MPa, and the temperature resistance range is -50℃ to 200℃, ensuring stable deformation under the high temperature environment of the motor.

[0044] The outer ring of the inlet ring wall section 3 is coaxially provided with an annular outer edge 18. The annular outer edge 18 is coaxially clamped in the inner ring annular stop 8 at the connection between the motor housing 10 and the end cover 7. The thickness of the annular outer edge 18 is 2-4mm, and an interference fit is used to ensure sealing.

[0045] The outer wall of the cohesive wind ring wall 13 is integrally arranged in a circular array with several swirl suppression blades 19 extending along the generatrix of the cone. The swirl suppression blades 19 are located in the adaptive converging air duct 31. Each swirl suppression blade 19 includes a narrow blade segment 19b extending along the generatrix of the cohesive wind ring wall 13 in the middle. The two ends of the narrow blade segment 19b are a wide blade protrusion segment 19a and b wide blade protrusion segment 19c, respectively. The ends of the wide blade protrusion segment 19a and the wide blade protrusion segment 19c are respectively fixedly connected to the inner rings of the inlet ring wall segment 3 and the outlet ring wall segment 6. Thus, the inlet ring wall segment 3, the outlet ring wall segment 6, and the cohesive wind ring wall 13 are integrated into a single structure.

[0046] A central pressure guiding ring chamber 51 is formed on the inner side of the inner wall of the cohesive wind ring 13. The end of the central pressure guiding ring chamber 51 near the rotor end ring 17 is connected to the side of the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blades 16 are arranged in a circular array. A bearing cooling air duct 50 is provided at the bearing mounting location near the central area of ​​the end cover 7. The bearing cooling air duct 50 connects the central pressure guiding ring chamber 51 to the outside. The bearing cooling air duct 50 is narrower and longer than the air inlet 1. The total cross-sectional area of ​​several bearing cooling air ducts 50 is much smaller than the total cross-sectional area of ​​several air inlets 1, by at least 20 times.

[0047] Working principle:

[0048] When the motor is running, the annular centrifugal space containing several centrifugal fan blades 16 arranged in a circular array forms a high-speed swirling flow, which is continuously thrown outwards towards the annular air pressure chamber 5 under the action of centrifugal force. This creates centrifugal air pressure within the annular air pressure chamber 5, and a centrifugal negative pressure within the annular centrifugal space containing several centrifugal fan blades 16 arranged in a circular array. Subsequently, the air in the annular air pressure chamber 5 is discharged to the outside through several air outlets 9 under the action of air pressure. At the same time, air from the outside is continuously gathered at the air inlet 1 through the adaptive converging air duct 31 and continuously replenished into the annular centrifugal space containing several centrifugal fan blades 16 arranged in a circular array under the action of centrifugal negative pressure. This forms a continuous cooling air-cooled external circulation, which continuously removes heat from the annular air pressure chamber 5 inside the motor through the above external circulation. According to fluid mechanics, the negative pressure in the annular centrifugal space can reach 100-500Pa, depending on the rotational speed, thereby driving the airflow circulation.

[0049] In the above process, since the annular space of the adaptive converging air duct 31 is divided into multiple relatively independent channels by several fixed swirling suppression blades 19, the high-speed swirling flow in the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan 16 is located will not cause swirling flow to form in the adaptive converging air duct 31 under the influence of gas viscosity. This avoids the generation of gas centrifugal force in the adaptive converging air duct 31 to resist the gas converging movement in the adaptive converging air duct 31, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the above-mentioned external cooling circulation by the swirling suppression blades 19. The swirling suppression blades 19 divide the adaptive converging air duct 31 into multiple independent sub-channels.

[0050] In the above process, the centrifugal negative pressure generated by the high-speed swirling flow in the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades 16 in a circular array are located is also transferred to the central pressure guiding ring chamber 51, so that the central pressure guiding ring chamber 51 is always in a negative pressure state. This allows the cooler air from the outside to be continuously drawn into the central pressure guiding ring chamber 51 through the narrow and slender bearing cooling air duct 50, thereby achieving cooling of the bearing. In this process, since the bearing cooling air duct 50 is relatively narrow, the flow rate of the gas flowing through it can be roughly ignored compared with the gas flow rate in the adaptive converging air duct 31. The flow rate of the bearing cooling air duct 50 is only 1%-5% of the total air volume, ensuring that the main air circulation dominates heat dissipation.

[0051] In fields similar to constant power motors, motors can operate under two conditions: high load at low speed and low load at high speed.

[0052] Under high load and low speed conditions, the flow rate of the above-mentioned "cooling external circulation" is limited by the motor speed. Therefore, the path of the above-mentioned "cooling external circulation" needs to be smoother. At this time, the adaptive converging air duct 31 maintains a relatively large diameter to meet the heat dissipation requirements.

[0053] Under low load and high speed conditions, the flow rate of the aforementioned "cooling external circulation" increases significantly due to the high motor speed, causing the air outlet 9 and air inlet 1 to generate whistling noise due to the high flow rate. The air load of the high-speed rotating centrifugal fan 16 also increases sharply, thereby reducing the motor's operating efficiency and inhibiting the motor speed from continuing to rise. At the same time, the high flow rate of the "cooling external circulation" does not bring significant benefits under this condition. Therefore, it is necessary to adaptively suppress the smoothness of the circulation path of the "cooling external circulation" under low load and high speed conditions. In addition, under this low load and high speed condition, the bearing will generate heat due to high-speed rotation, requiring increased heat dissipation for the bearing.

[0054] In the above process, according to Bernoulli's equation in fluid mechanics, the faster the motor speed, the faster the flow velocity in the adaptive converging air duct 31, and the higher the negative pressure in the adaptive converging air duct 31. In this scheme, when the motor enters a high-speed, low-load state, the adaptive deformation ring wall section 4, under the combined action of the wind pressure of the outer annular air pressure chamber 5 and the negative pressure in the inner adaptive converging air duct 31, undergoes elastic deformation towards the inner converging air ring wall 13, forming a convex arc-shaped ring wall section 4a as shown in the figure. This causes the middle section of the adaptive converging air duct 31 to gradually narrow, thereby suppressing the flow rate of the aforementioned "cooling external circulation". The higher the motor speed, the more automatically the adaptive converging air duct 31 will change. The airflow in the adaptive converging air duct 31 is made narrower, thereby effectively suppressing the airflow and reducing the whistling noise of the air outlet 9 and the air inlet 1. At the same time, after the airflow in the adaptive converging air duct 31 is suppressed, the vacuum degree of the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blades 16 arranged in a circular array at high speed are located will increase significantly, thereby effectively reducing the wind friction and wind load of the centrifugal fan blades 16 and improving the motor operating efficiency. Moreover, the significantly increased vacuum degree of the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blades 16 arranged in a circular array will be transmitted to the central pressure guiding ring chamber 51, thereby significantly increasing the airflow in the bearing cooling air duct 50 and promoting the heat dissipation of the bearing under high speed.

[0055] During the aforementioned process, as the adaptive deformation annular wall section 4 gradually deforms into a convex arc-shaped annular wall section 4a towards the inner cohesive airflow annular wall 13, the convex surface of the convex arc-shaped annular wall section 4a is surrounded and supported by several circumferentially arrayed narrow blade segments 19b, preventing further expansion. Simultaneously, under the surrounding support of the circumferentially arrayed narrow blade segments 19b, the convex arc-shaped annular wall section 4a effectively avoids the problem of the middle section of the adaptive converging airflow duct 31 being completely narrowed and closed, thus preventing the complete interruption of the "cooling external circulation" at high speeds. The support of the narrow blade segments 19b ensures that the adaptive converging airflow duct 31 always remains at least minimally unobstructed, maintaining the circulating airflow and preventing overheating.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-type motor adaptive air-cooling system, characterized in that: It includes a motor housing (10), an end cover (7), a stator coil (11), and a rotor shaft (15). The two end caps (7) are located at the front and rear ends of the motor housing (10), and the rotor shaft (15) is coaxially rotated with the end caps (7) through bearings; the permanent magnet rotor (12) is coaxially and synchronously on the rotor shaft (15), and the stator coil (11) is coaxially fixed to the inner wall of the motor housing (10); The end of the permanent magnet rotor (12) is coaxially fixed with a rotor end ring (17), and a number of centrifugal fan blades (16) are arranged in a circular array on the outer side of the rotor end ring (17); the space where the number of centrifugal fan blades (16) are arranged in a circular array is a ring-shaped centrifugal space. The motor housing (10) has several air outlets (9) arranged in a circular array near the end cover (7); the edge of the end cover (7) has several air inlets (1) arranged in a circular array, and also includes an external circulation adaptive air collector (41), which is coaxial with the space between the end cover (7) and the rotor end ring (17); the external circulation adaptive air collector (41) includes an adaptive gathering air duct (31) that can gather the air from the several air inlets (1) at the edge of the end cover (7) toward the motor axis and finally guide it to one side of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades (16) are located. The outer periphery of the external circulation adaptive wind concentrator (41) is an annular wind pressure chamber (5), and the outer periphery of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades (16) are located is connected to the annular wind pressure chamber (5); the annular wind pressure chamber (5) is connected to the outside through the air outlet (9); The external circulation adaptive wind concentrator (41) includes an inner wind concentrating ring wall (13) and an outer wind concentrating ring wall (71) that are coaxial from the inside to the outside; the adaptive wind concentrating duct (31) is located between the inner wind concentrating ring wall (13) and the outer wind concentrating ring wall (71); The inner wind-cohesive ring wall (13) is conical, and an annular pad (20) is integrally provided at the thick end of the conical inner wind-cohesive ring wall (13). The annular pad (20) fits against the inner side of the end cap (7). The external wind-gathering ring wall (71) consists of an inlet ring wall section (3), an adaptive deformation ring wall section (4), and an outlet ring wall section (6) from the coarse end to the fine end. The inlet ring wall section (3) and the inner wall of the coarse end of the inner wind ring wall (13) form an annular gathering inlet (31a) of the adaptive gathering air duct (31), and the outlet ring wall section (6) and the inner wall of the thin end of the inner wind ring wall (13) form an annular gathering channel outlet (31b) of the adaptive gathering air duct (31); the annular gathering inlet (31a) is connected to several air inlets (1); the annular gathering channel outlet (31b) is coaxially connected to one side of the annular centrifugal space where several centrifugal fan blades (16) are located; the adaptive deformation ring wall section (4) is made of silicone rubber elastic diaphragm material.

2. The openable motor adaptive air-cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet annular wall section (3), the outlet annular wall section (6), and the cohesive wind annular wall (13) are all made of metal.

3. The openable motor adaptive air-cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner cohesive wind ring wall (13) is integrally arranged with several swirling suppression blades (19) extending along the generatrix of the cone in a circular array. Several swirling suppression blades (19) are in the adaptive cohesive air duct (31). The annular space of the adaptive cohesive air duct (31) is divided into multiple relatively independent channels by several fixed swirling suppression blades (19), so that the high-speed swirling flow in the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blade (16) is located will not form a swirling flow in the adaptive cohesive air duct (31) under the influence of gas adhesion.

4. The openable motor adaptive air-cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swirl suppression blade (19) includes a narrow blade segment (19b) extending along the generatrix of the inner wind-cohesive ring wall (13) in the middle of the swirl suppression blade (19). The two ends of the narrow blade segment (19b) are a wide blade protrusion segment (19a) and b wide blade protrusion segment (19c), respectively. The ends of the wide blade protrusion segment (19a) and the wide blade protrusion segment (19c) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner rings of the inlet ring wall segment (3) and the outlet ring wall segment (6). When the motor enters a high-speed, low-load state, the adaptive deformation ring wall section (4) undergoes elastic deformation towards the inner cohesive ring wall (13) under the combined action of the wind pressure of the outer annular wind pressure chamber (5) and the negative pressure in the inner adaptive gathering air duct (31), forming a convex arc ring wall section (4a). This causes the middle section of the adaptive gathering air duct (31) to gradually narrow. When the process of the adaptive deformation ring wall section (4) gradually deforming towards the inner cohesive ring wall (13) into a convex arc ring wall section (4a) reaches a certain point, the convex surface of the convex arc ring wall section (4a) will be surrounded and supported by several blade narrow strips (19b) arranged in a circular array, preventing further expansion. Under the surrounding support of several blade narrow strips (19b) arranged in a circular array, the middle section of the adaptive gathering air duct (31) is prevented from being completely narrowed to a closed state. A central pressure guiding ring chamber (51) is formed on the inner side of the wall of the cohesive wind ring (13). The end of the central pressure guiding ring chamber (51) near the rotor end ring (17) is connected to the side of the annular centrifugal space where the centrifugal fan blades (16) are arranged in a circular array. A bearing cooling air duct (50) is provided at the bearing mounting location near the central area of ​​the end cover (7). The bearing cooling air duct (50) connects the central pressure guiding ring chamber (51) with the outside. The bearing cooling air duct (50) is narrower and longer than the air inlet (1).

5. The openable motor adaptive air-cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer ring of the inlet ring wall section (3) is coaxially provided with an annular outer edge (18), which is coaxially clamped in the inner ring annular stop (8) at the connection between the motor housing (10) and the end cover (7).

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