A salt and alkali resistant photovoltaic cable

Abstract

This invention discloses a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable, relating to the field of photovoltaic cable technology. It includes a reinforcing component, a protective component on the outer surface of which protects the photovoltaic cable, and a salt-alkali resistant component on the outer surface of which prevents corrosion of the photovoltaic cable. The salt-alkali resistant component includes a waterproof layer. This salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable, when sprayed with rainwater, utilizes spiral grooves to quickly divert water mist, thus preventing the water film from dissolving atmospheric salt and alkali substances. The armor layer provides high-strength mechanical protection, enhances resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, and maintains cable structural stability. The protective sheath contains weakly acidic capsules that neutralize alkaline substances, neutralizing them through a release-acid-base neutralization reaction. An ion filter layer cuts off contact between external salt and alkali media and the internal layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic cable technology, specifically to a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic cables are special wires and cables designed specifically for photovoltaic power generation systems. Their core function is to connect photovoltaic modules, inverters, and combiner box equipment to achieve safe and efficient transmission of direct current converted from solar energy. They need to withstand harsh outdoor environments for extended periods and serve as the energy transmission link to ensure the stable operation of photovoltaic systems. Compared with ordinary wires and cables, the design of photovoltaic cables is entirely focused on long-term outdoor service and safe power transmission, ensuring that the insulation resistance and withstand voltage performance do not significantly decrease after long-term use.

[0003] Currently, since photovoltaic cables are mostly installed outdoors and their outer sheaths are mostly made of polyolefin polymers, although these materials have a certain degree of water resistance, their molecular structure will be affected under the long-term effects of salt and alkali. For example, in an alkaline environment, OH ions in cross-linked polyethylene will promote the dissolution and migration of non-metallic ions, accelerate the oxidation and hydrolysis of the insulation layer, and reduce the degree of cross-linking in cross-linked polyethylene, leading to a decrease in insulation performance. It will also promote the dissolution and migration of metal ions, accelerate the aging of the cable insulation layer, and cause the chemical bonds in the cable material to break, destroying the insulation structure of the cable and thus reducing the stability of the photovoltaic cable.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the insulation structure of photovoltaic cables is easily damaged and the stability of photovoltaic cables is reduced in a salt-alkali environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable, comprising a reinforcing component, a protective component for protecting the photovoltaic cable on the outer surface of the reinforcing component, a salt-alkali resistant component for preventing the photovoltaic cable from being corroded on the outer surface of the protective component, the salt-alkali resistant component including a waterproof layer, an ion filter layer for preventing alkaline salt ions from penetrating into the cable interior on the outer surface of the waterproof layer, multiple protective sleeves coupled to the outer surface of the ion filter layer, each of the multiple protective sleeves being filled with a weakly acidic capsule for neutralizing alkaline substances, an outer sheath on the outer surface of the ion filter layer, spiral grooves for directional water droplet drainage on the outer surface of the outer sheath, and a drainage element for draining water source at the bottom of the outer sheath.

[0007] Preferably, the salt and alkali resistant component further includes an armor layer for improving the stability of the photovoltaic cable, and the outer sheath is composed of a nickel coating, a titanium dioxide nano-coating, an alumina coating, a fluorosilane coating, and a hydrophobic coating.

[0008] Preferably, the nickel coating is used to improve the corrosion resistance of the photovoltaic cable, the titanium dioxide nano-coating is used to improve the hydrophobicity of the photovoltaic cable, and the alumina coating is used to improve the weather resistance of the photovoltaic cable.

[0009] Preferably, the fluorosilane coating is used to improve the salt and alkali resistance of the photovoltaic cable, and the hydrophobic coating is used to reduce water film formation.

[0010] Preferably, the reinforcing component includes a plurality of conductors, each of the plurality of conductors having a reinforcing layer for fixing the conductors, and each of the plurality of reinforcing layers having a plurality of cable cores.

[0011] Preferably, a filler layer for improving the insulation compatibility of the photovoltaic cable is provided between the outer surfaces of the plurality of conductors, and a shielding layer for suppressing partial discharge is provided on the outer surface of the filler layer.

[0012] Preferably, the protective component includes an insulating layer for blocking current leakage, and the outer surface of the insulating layer is provided with a sheath layer for resisting outdoor environmental corrosion.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the sheath layer is provided with a flame-retardant layer for suppressing flame combustion, and the outer surface of the flame-retardant layer is provided with a tensile-resistant layer for bearing the tensile force of the photovoltaic cable.

[0014] Preferably, the outer surface of the tensile layer is provided with an abrasion-resistant layer for protecting the internal functions of the cable, and the outer surface of the abrasion-resistant layer is provided with a high and low temperature resistant layer for coping with extreme temperature fluctuations.

[0015] Preferably, the high and low temperature resistant layer is disposed inside the waterproof layer, and the insulating layer is disposed outside the semiconductor shielding layer.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. When rainwater is sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic cable, the spiral grooves quickly divert the water mist, thus preventing the water film from dissolving salt and alkali substances in the atmosphere. The armor layer provides high-strength mechanical protection for the cable, enhances its resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, and maintains the stability of the cable structure. The protective sleeve contains a weakly acidic capsule that can neutralize alkaline substances. Through the core logic of release-acid-base neutralization reaction, alkaline substances are neutralized. The ion filter layer can cut off the contact between the external salt and alkali media and the internal layer. The waterproof layer can effectively prevent moisture from entering the cable. Through the action of the salt and alkali resistant components, the problem of photovoltaic cables easily damaging the insulation structure and reducing the stability of photovoltaic cables in salt and alkali environments in existing technologies is solved.

[0017] 2. Nickel coating can improve the substrate's resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, enhance surface hardness and wear resistance. Titanium dioxide nano-coating can improve the cable surface's self-cleaning ability and strengthen its resistance to salt and alkali corrosion. Alumina coating, through its ceramic-like physicochemical properties, resists the erosion of metal substrates by high salt spray and high alkalinity environments. Fluorosilane coating, through its triple action of reducing adhesion, blocking penetration, and resisting corrosion, cuts off the erosion path of salt and alkali media from the outermost layer of the cable. Hydrophobic coating, by reducing water adhesion and blocking penetration, reduces the risk of salt and alkali ions eroding the cable from the source, while also helping to improve the surface's self-cleaning ability, thus building a waterproof and salt-proof protective barrier for the outer layer of the cable.

[0018] 3. To enhance the stability of photovoltaic cables, multiple conductors are fixed by a reinforcing layer, and a filler layer made of water- and flame-retardant filler rope is used to fill the gaps in the conductor joints, eliminating unevenness on the conductor surface. The shielding layer can maintain the potential of the shielded conductor and also prevent external electromagnetic fields from affecting the internal conductors of the cable, further ensuring the stability of photovoltaic cables during use.

[0019] 4. To improve the waterproof performance of photovoltaic cables, the insulation layer provides electrical insulation and isolation. The sheath layer, as the cable's protective structure, plays a crucial role in resisting corrosion from extreme outdoor environments, providing mechanical protection for the cable, and ensuring the stability of the overall cable structure. The flame-retardant layer inhibits flame combustion, prevents the spread of fire, and reduces the release of toxic fumes under fire risk. The tensile layer is a reinforced structure designed to cope with mechanical stress during laying and use. The abrasion-resistant layer's core function is to resist frictional damage during laying and outdoor use, preventing the cable from collapsing due to its own weight and external pressure. Through the layered protection of these components, the internal structure of the photovoltaic cable is effectively prevented from being corroded by salt and alkali. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front perspective view of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side perspective view of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the reinforcing component of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of the filler layer structure of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the protective component of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the insulation layer structure of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention. Figure 7This is a perspective view of the salt-alkali resistant component of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the waterproof layer portion of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention; Figure 9 This is a layered view of the outer sheath portion of a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Reinforcing Components; 101. Conductor; 102. Cable Core; 103. Reinforcing Layer; 104. Filler Layer; 105. Shielding Layer; 2. Protective Components; 201. Insulation Layer; 202. Sheath Layer; 203. Flame Retardant Layer; 204. Tensile Strength Layer; 205. Abrasion Resistance Layer; 206. High and Low Temperature Resistant Layer; 3. Salt and Alkali Resistant Components; 301. Waterproof Layer; 302. Ion Filter Layer; 303. Protective Sleeve; 304. Armor Layer; 305. Outer Sheath; 3051. Nickel Coating; 3052. Titanium Dioxide Nano Coating; 3053. Alumina Coating; 3054. Fluorosilane Coating; 3055. Hydrophobic Coating; 306. Spiral Groove; 307. Drainage Components. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-2 and Figures 5-9This invention provides a technical solution: a salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable includes a reinforcing component 1, a protective component 2 for protecting the photovoltaic cable on its outer surface, and a salt-alkali resistant component 3 for preventing corrosion of the photovoltaic cable on its outer surface. The salt-alkali resistant component 3 includes a waterproof layer 301, an ion filter layer 302 for preventing alkaline salt ions from penetrating into the cable on its outer surface, and multiple protective sleeves 303 coupled to the outer surface of the ion filter layer 302. Each of the multiple protective sleeves 303 is filled with a weakly acidic capsule for neutralizing alkaline substances. An outer sheath 305 is provided on the outer surface of the ion filter layer 302, and the outer surface of the outer sheath 305 has openings... The outer sheath 305 has a spiral groove 306 for directional water droplet diversion, and a diversion component 307 for diverting water source is provided at the bottom of the outer sheath 305. The salt and alkali resistant component 3 also includes an armor layer 304 for improving the stability of the photovoltaic cable. The outer sheath 305 is composed of a nickel coating 3051, a titanium dioxide nano coating 3052, an alumina coating 3053, a fluorosilane coating 3054, and a hydrophobic coating 3055. The nickel coating 3051 is used to improve the corrosion resistance of the photovoltaic cable, the titanium dioxide nano coating 3052 is used to improve the hydrophobicity of the photovoltaic cable, the alumina coating 3053 is used to improve the weather resistance of the photovoltaic cable, the fluorosilane coating 3054 is used to improve the salt and alkali resistance of the photovoltaic cable, and the hydrophobic coating 3055 is used to reduce water film formation.

[0024] In this embodiment, to enhance the self-protection of the photovoltaic cable against external salts and alkalis, when rainwater sprays onto the surface of the photovoltaic cable, the spiral groove 306 is designed to quickly divert water mist to prevent corrosion from the salts and alkalis in the water. This avoids the water film dissolving salts and alkalis in the atmosphere, reducing the risk of chemical corrosion to the cable at the source. Additionally, salt dust particles will roll off along the spiral groove 306 with the water flow. Figure 2The surface of the arc-shaped, teardrop-shaped drain element 307, as shown, reduces the accumulation of salt ions on the cable surface, delaying the aging of the cable sheath. Additionally, the spiral groove 306 disrupts the adhesion mechanism of dust and impurities, making it easier for contaminants to be removed by water flow, reducing the combined pollution of dust and salt. Furthermore, the outer sheath 305 is composed of a nickel coating 3051, a titanium dioxide nano-coating 3052, an alumina coating 3053, a fluorosilane coating 3054, and a hydrophobic coating 3055. The nickel coating 3051 enhances the substrate's resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, strengthens surface hardness and wear resistance, and improves electrical contact performance, providing crucial protection for the long-term stable operation of the cable in high-salt-spray and high-alkalinity environments. The core function of the titanium dioxide nano-coating 3052 is to improve the cable's... The titanium dioxide nano-coating 3052 exhibits a self-cleaning ability, enhanced resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, and auxiliary resistance to UV aging. Under light, it generates a photocatalytic effect, automatically decomposing and removing salt and alkali dirt from the cable surface, reducing manual cleaning costs. The alumina coating 3053's core function is to construct a dense chemical anti-corrosion barrier, improve surface hardness and wear resistance, and enhance high-temperature stability. Through its ceramic-like physicochemical properties, it resists the corrosion of metal substrates by high-salt spray and high-alkalinity environments. The fluorosilane coating 3054, through its triple action of reducing adhesion, blocking penetration, and resisting corrosion, cuts off the corrosion path of salt and alkali media from the outermost layer of the cable. It is particularly suitable for salt and alkali resistant scenarios with high humidity and strong salt spray, effectively extending the cable's maintenance cycle and overall lifespan. Photovoltaic cables The hydrophobic coating 3055 reduces moisture adhesion and blocks penetration, mitigating the risk of salt and alkali ion corrosion to the cable at the source. It also enhances the surface's self-cleaning ability, creating a waterproof and salt-resistant protective barrier for the cable's outer layer. The armor layer 304 provides high-strength mechanical protection, enhances resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, and maintains cable structural stability, acting as a metal armor to prevent damage from physical impacts during installation and use. Since saline-alkali soils often contain gravel and weed roots, the high hardness of the armor layer 304 resists punctures and friction, preventing cable breakage and preventing salt and alkali ions from penetrating the interior through damaged areas. The protective sleeve 303 is made of gelatin and contains a weakly acidic capsule that neutralizes alkaline substances through a release-acid-base neutralization reaction. The core logic of neutralizing alkaline substances lies in the controlled release characteristics of the protective sleeve 303 and the chemical reaction of the internal weakly acidic components. The outer shell of the weakly acidic capsule is mostly made of biodegradable materials such as gelatin and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, which will dissolve and disintegrate in specific environments. The products of the neutralization reaction are mostly water-soluble salts, which are non-corrosive and stable, and will not cause secondary harm to the environment or human body. The ion filter layer 302 is made of salt and alkali resistant modified polyolefin material. Through the chemical stability and dense structure of the material itself, it cuts off the contact between the external salt and alkali media and the inner layer. The protective sleeve 303 withstands the physical impact during cable laying and use, avoiding the dual risks of damage and corrosion caused by damage to the outer layer. The ion filter layer 302 is made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.Through chemical cross-linking optimization, the internal porosity of the material is reduced, and the pore size is much smaller than the diameter of salt and alkali ions, directly preventing ions from diffusing and penetrating through the pores. The waterproof layer 301 is made of PVC film, TPV material sheath, and irradiated cross-linked polyethylene. These materials have excellent waterproof properties, effectively preventing moisture from entering the cable. They also maintain stable performance in salt and alkali environments. Through the action of the salt and alkali resistant component 3, the problem of photovoltaic cables easily having their insulation structure damaged and their stability reduced in salt and alkali environments is solved in existing technologies.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figures 5-9 As shown, the reinforcing component 1 includes multiple conductors 101, each conductor 101 has a reinforcing layer 103 inside for fixing the conductors 101, each reinforcing layer 103 has multiple cable cores 102 inside, and a filling layer 104 for improving the insulation compatibility of the photovoltaic cable is provided between the outer surfaces of the multiple conductors 101. A shielding layer 105 for suppressing partial discharge is provided on the outer surface of the filling layer 104. The protective component 2 includes an insulating layer 201 for blocking current leakage, and a sheath layer 202 for resisting outdoor environmental corrosion is provided on the outer surface of the insulating layer 201.

[0026] In this embodiment, since photovoltaic cables are mostly installed outdoors, to enhance their stability, multiple conductors 101 are first fixed by a reinforcing layer 103. The reinforcing layer 103 is made of galvanized steel strip and aramid fiber, which effectively improves the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the photovoltaic cable. The galvanized steel strip undergoes a continuous galvanizing process to form a dense zinc layer, effectively preventing corrosion and oxidation of the steel. It remains stable even in harsh saline-alkali environments for extended periods. Furthermore, the galvanized steel strip has high strength and excellent wear resistance, compressive strength, and tensile strength, enhancing the overall structural strength of the cable and making it less susceptible to damage from external forces during installation and use. Additionally, a filling layer 104 is made of water-resistant and flame-retardant filler rope material, which fills the gaps in the stranded conductors 101, eliminating unevenness on the surface of the conductors 101 and making the conductors 101 round overall. The regular structure and rounded surface of the conductor 101 ensure uniform thickness of the subsequently extruded insulation layer 201, preventing unevenness in the conductor 101 and ensuring stable insulation performance of the photovoltaic cable. Furthermore, the shielding layer 105, made of aluminum foil, maintains the same potential as the shielded conductor 101 and makes good contact with the insulation layer 201, preventing partial discharge between the conductor 101 and the insulation layer 201 and improving the electric field distribution. Additionally, the shielding layer 105 can shield the electromagnetic field generated by the internal current within the cable, preventing interference with surrounding components and equipment, and also blocking external electromagnetic fields from affecting the internal conductor 101, ensuring stable signal transmission within the cable and improving electromagnetic compatibility. By strengthening the function of component 1, the stability of the photovoltaic cable during use can be further guaranteed.

[0027] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the reinforcing component 1 includes multiple conductors 101, each conductor 101 having a reinforcing layer 103 inside for fixing the conductors 101, each reinforcing layer 103 having multiple cable cores 102 inside, and a filling layer 104 between the outer surfaces of the multiple conductors 101 for improving the insulation compatibility of the photovoltaic cable. The outer surface of the filling layer 104 has a shielding layer 105 for suppressing partial discharge. The protective component 2 includes an insulating layer 201 for blocking current leakage, and the outer surface of the insulating layer 201 has a shielding layer 105 for resisting outdoor... The sheath layer 202 is resistant to environmental corrosion. A flame-retardant layer 203 is provided on the outer surface of the sheath layer 202 to suppress flame combustion. A tensile-resistant layer 204 is provided on the outer surface of the flame-retardant layer 203 to bear the tensile force of the photovoltaic cable. An abrasion-resistant layer 205 is provided on the outer surface of the tensile-resistant layer 204 to protect the internal functions of the cable. A high and low temperature resistant layer 206 is provided on the outer surface of the abrasion-resistant layer 205 to cope with extreme temperature fluctuations. The high and low temperature resistant layer 206 is provided inside the waterproof layer 301. The insulation layer 201 is provided outside the semi-conductive shielding layer 105.

[0028] In this embodiment, to improve the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic cable and prevent salt and alkali in the water from entering the cable and corroding it, the insulation layer 201 provides electrical insulation, blocks current leakage, and protects the conductor 101 from the environment. The insulation layer 201 is made of roll-cured cross-linked polyethylene (XPE), which completely isolates the current in the conductor 101, preventing current leakage to the outside of the cable and causing electric shock. The sheath layer 202, as the cable's protective mechanism, primarily resists corrosion from extreme outdoor environments, provides mechanical protection for the cable, and ensures the stability of the overall cable structure. The sheath layer 202 is made of dense, weather-resistant polyolefin through a process of oxidation and radiation. Made from cross-linked polyolefin, it prevents the penetration of salt and alkali from rainwater, fog, and sea salt spray into the cable, thus avoiding corrosion of conductor 101. The flame-retardant layer 203 inhibits flame combustion, prevents fire spread, and reduces the release of toxic fumes under fire risk, while also maintaining resistance to salt and alkali corrosion to prevent premature aging and failure in high-salt-spray and high-alkalinity environments. It is mainly made of magnesium hydroxide. Additionally, the tensile layer 204 is a reinforcing structure designed to cope with mechanical stress during laying and use. Its core function is to bear tensile force, protect the internal core structure of the cable, and maintain cable integrity. Since conductor 101 is made of... Made of fine twisted copper wires, the insulation layer 204 is prone to breakage and loosening if tensile force is applied directly to the conductor 101. The tensile layer 204 limits the overall tensile deformation of the cable, preventing the insulation layer 201 from cracking due to excessive stretching. The core function of the abrasion-resistant layer 205 is to resist frictional damage during laying and outdoor use, block the penetration of salt and alkali media through abrasion gaps, and protect the internal functional layers. Furthermore, salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cables are prone to friction with hard objects during laying and use. During laying, the cable surface may rub against cement floors, metal support edges, and cable tray edges, easily causing scratches on the outer sheath. The abrasion-resistant layer 205 can directly withstand these frictions. Its high wear resistance reduces surface loss, prevents scratches and holes in the sheath layer 202, and prevents the internal insulation layer 201 and shielding layer 105 from being exposed. The core function of the high and low temperature resistant layer 206 is to cope with temperature challenges and meet the requirements of salt and alkali resistance. Since salt and alkali environments are often accompanied by high temperatures, high temperatures can easily cause the cable material to soften and deteriorate. The high and low temperature resistant layer 206 is made of cross-linked polyolefin with high temperature resistance. It can be used for a long time at 125℃-200℃ without softening or deforming, preventing the cable from structurally collapsing due to its own weight and external pressure. Through the layer-by-layer protection of the protective component 2, it effectively prevents salt and alkali from corroding the inside of the photovoltaic cable.

[0029] The usage and working principle of this device are as follows: To enhance the stability of the photovoltaic cable, multiple conductors 101 are first fixed by the reinforcing layer 103. The reinforcing layer 103 is made of galvanized steel strip and aramid fiber. The galvanized steel strip undergoes a continuous galvanizing process to form a dense zinc layer, effectively preventing corrosion and oxidation of the steel. It maintains stability for a long time even in harsh saline-alkali environments. The filling layer 104 is made of water-resistant and flame-retardant filler rope, which is used to fill the gaps in the stranded conductors 101, eliminating the gaps in the conductors 101. The uneven surface of the conductor 101 gives it a regular, circular structure. This circular surface ensures uniform thickness of the subsequently extruded insulation layer 201, preventing localized areas of excessively thin or thick insulation due to the unevenness of the conductor 101. This ensures stable insulation performance of the photovoltaic cable. The shielding layer 105 maintains the same potential as the shielded conductor 101 and makes good contact with the insulation layer 201, preventing partial discharge between the conductor 101 and the insulation layer 201. The shielding layer 105 also shields the electromagnetic field generated by the current inside the cable from entering the cable. To ensure stable signal transmission within the cable and improve the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic cable, preventing salt and alkali in the water from entering and corroding the cable, the insulation layer 201 provides electrical insulation, blocks current leakage, and protects conductor 101 from the environment. Insulation layer 201 completely isolates the current in conductor 101, preventing current leakage to the outside of the cable and causing electric shock. The sheath layer 202, as the cable's protective mechanism, provides mechanical protection while also ensuring the stability of the overall cable structure. Sheath layer 202 is made of dense, weather-resistant polyolefin that has undergone irradiation... Cross-linked polyolefin, through processing, prevents rainwater, fog, and salt and alkali from seawater from penetrating into the cable, thus avoiding corrosion of conductor 101. The flame-retardant layer 203 inhibits flame combustion, prevents fire spread, and reduces the release of toxic fumes under fire risk. Furthermore, the tensile layer 204 is a reinforcing structure designed to cope with mechanical stress during laying and use. Since conductor 101 is made of stranded fine copper wire, direct tensile force on conductor 101 can easily lead to wire breakage and loosening of the strands. The tensile layer 204 limits the overall tensile deformation of the cable.The core function of the abrasion-resistant layer 205 is to resist frictional damage during laying and outdoor use, block the penetration of salt and alkali media through abrasion gaps, and protect the internal functional layers. Furthermore, salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cables are prone to friction with hard objects during laying and use. During laying, the cable surface may rub against cement floors, metal support edges, and cable tray edges, easily causing scratches on the outer sheath. The abrasion-resistant layer 205 can directly withstand these frictions; its high abrasion resistance reduces surface wear, prevents scratches and holes in the sheath layer 202, prevents exposure of the internal insulation layer 201 and shielding layer 105, and is resistant to high and low temperatures. The core function of layer 206 is to cope with temperature challenges and meet the requirements for salt and alkali resistance. Layer 206, resistant to both high and low temperatures, is made of cross-linked polyolefin with high-temperature resistance, and can remain unsoftened and deformed during long-term use at 125℃-200℃, preventing structural collapse of the cable due to its own weight and external pressure. To enhance the photovoltaic cable's self-protection against external salt and alkali, when rainwater is sprayed onto the surface of the photovoltaic cable, the spiral grooves 306 quickly divert water mist, reducing the risk of chemical corrosion to the cable at the source. Additionally, salt dust particles will roll off along the spiral grooves 306 with the water flow. Figure 2The surface of the arc-shaped, teardrop-shaped drain element 307 shown in the diagram features spiral grooves 306 that disrupt the adhesion mechanism of dust and impurities, making it easier for contaminants to be removed by the water flow and reducing the combined pollution from dust and alkali. The outer sheath 305 is composed of a nickel coating 3051, a titanium dioxide nano-coating 3052, an aluminum oxide coating 3053, a fluorosilane coating 3054, and a hydrophobic coating 3055. The nickel coating 3051 enhances the substrate's resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, strengthens surface hardness and wear resistance, and improves electrical contact performance, providing crucial protection for the long-term stable operation of the cable in high salt spray and high alkaline environments. The core function of the titanium dioxide nano-coating 3052 is to enhance the cable surface's self-cleaning ability, strengthen salt and alkali corrosion protection, and assist in resisting UV aging. The titanium dioxide nano-coating 3052 exhibits a photocatalytic effect under light, automatically decomposing and removing salt and alkali dirt from the cable surface, reducing manual cleaning costs. The alumina coating 3053's core function is to construct a dense chemical anti-corrosion barrier, improve surface hardness and wear resistance, and enhance high-temperature stability. Through its ceramic-like physicochemical properties, it resists the corrosion of metal substrates by high-salt spray and high-alkalinity environments. The fluorosilane coating 3054, through its triple action of reducing adhesion, blocking penetration, and resisting corrosion, cuts off the corrosion path of salt and alkali media from the outermost layer of the cable, making it particularly suitable for salt and alkali resistant scenarios with high humidity and strong salt spray, effectively extending the cable's maintenance cycle and overall lifespan. The hydrophobic coating 3055 in photovoltaic cables reduces moisture adhesion and blocks penetration, thus... To reduce the risk of cable corrosion from salt and alkali ions at the source, and to enhance the cable's self-cleaning ability, the armor layer 304 provides high-strength mechanical protection, enhances resistance to salt and alkali corrosion, and maintains the cable's structural stability, acting as a metal armor for the cable. This prevents damage from physical impacts during laying and use. Since saline-alkali land often contains gravel and weed roots, the high hardness of the armor layer 304 can resist punctures and friction, preventing salt and alkali ions from penetrating the cable through damaged areas. The protective sleeve 303 is made of gelatin and contains a weakly acidic capsule that neutralizes alkaline substances. It neutralizes alkaline substances through a release-acid-base neutralization reaction. The key lies in the controllable release characteristics of the protective sleeve 303 and the chemical action of the internal weakly acidic components. The outer shell is mostly made of gelatin and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, which are biodegradable materials. They will dissolve and disintegrate in specific environments. The products of the neutralization reaction are mostly water-soluble salts, which are non-corrosive and stable, and will not cause secondary harm to the environment or human body. The ion filter layer 302 is made of salt and alkali resistant modified polyolefin material. Through the chemical stability and structural density of the material itself, it cuts off the contact between the external salt and alkali media and the inner layer. The protective sleeve 303 withstands the physical impact during cable laying and use, avoiding the dual risks of damage and corrosion caused by damage to the outer layer. The ion filter layer 302 is made of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer. Through chemical cross-linking optimization, the porosity of the material is reduced, and the pore size is much smaller than the diameter of salt and alkali ions, directly preventing ions from diffusing and penetrating through the pores.

[0030] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A salt and alkali resistant photovoltaic cable comprising a reinforcing assembly (1), the outer surface of which is provided with a protective assembly (2) for protecting the photovoltaic cable, characterized in that: The outer surface of the protective component (2) is provided with a salt and alkali resistant component (3) to prevent the photovoltaic cable from being corroded. The salt and alkali resistant component (3) includes a waterproof layer (301). The outer surface of the waterproof layer (301) is provided with an ion filter layer (302) to prevent alkaline salt ions from penetrating into the cable. Multiple protective sleeves (303) are coupled to the outer surface of the ion filter layer (302). The interior of each of the multiple protective sleeves (303) is filled with a weakly acidic capsule for neutralizing alkaline substances. The outer surface of the ion filter layer (302) is provided with an outer sheath (305), and the outer surface of the outer sheath (305) is provided with a spiral groove (306) for directional drainage of water droplets, and the bottom of the outer sheath (305) is provided with a drainage component (307) for drainage of water source. The salt and alkali resistant component (3) also includes an armor layer (304) for improving the stability of the photovoltaic cable. The outer sheath (305) is composed of a nickel coating (3051), a titanium dioxide nano coating (3052), an alumina coating (3053), a fluorosilane coating (3054), and a hydrophobic coating (3055).

2. The salt and alkaline tolerant photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nickel coating (3051) is used to improve the corrosion resistance of the photovoltaic cable, the titanium dioxide nano-coating (3052) is used to improve the hydrophobicity of the photovoltaic cable, and the alumina coating (3053) is used to improve the weather resistance of the photovoltaic cable.

3. The salt and alkaline tolerant photovoltaic cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fluorosilane coating (3054) is used to improve the salt and alkali resistance of the photovoltaic cable, and the hydrophobic coating (3055) is used to reduce water film formation.

4. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing component (1) includes a plurality of conductors (101), and each of the plurality of conductors (101) has a reinforcing layer (103) inside for fixing the conductors (101), and each of the plurality of reinforcing layers (103) has a plurality of cable cores (102) inside.

5. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filler layer (104) for improving the insulation adaptability of the photovoltaic cable is provided between the outer surfaces of the plurality of conductors (101), and a shielding layer (105) for suppressing partial discharge is provided on the outer surface of the filler layer (104).

6. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective component (2) includes an insulating layer (201) for blocking current leakage, and the outer surface of the insulating layer (201) is provided with a sheath layer (202) for resisting outdoor environmental corrosion.

7. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer surface of the sheath layer (202) is provided with a flame-retardant layer (203) for suppressing flame combustion, and the outer surface of the flame-retardant layer (203) is provided with a tensile-resistant layer (204) for bearing the tensile force of the photovoltaic cable.

8. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the tensile layer (204) is provided with an abrasion-resistant layer (205) for protecting the internal functions of the cable, and the outer surface of the abrasion-resistant layer (205) is provided with a high and low temperature resistant layer (206) for coping with extreme temperature fluctuations.

9. The salt-alkali resistant photovoltaic cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: The high and low temperature resistant layer (206) is disposed inside the waterproof layer (301), and the insulating layer (201) is disposed outside the semi-conductive shielding layer (105).

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