Rockfill dam face plate concrete intelligent distribution device and method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of concrete paving technology, specifically to an intelligent concrete placement device and method for rockfill dam panels. The device includes slide rails mounted on both sides of the placement panel, with a moving component mounted on the slide rails. The moving component includes a slide table and a winch. The slide table is mounted on the slide rails on both sides, and the winch's cable connects to the slide table. A placement component is mounted on the slide table, and a feeding and unloading linkage component is also mounted on the slide table. The feeding and unloading linkage component includes an automatic extension unit and a feeding and unloading linkage unit. The automatic extension unit includes a slipform fixed on the slide table, and a placement box is slidably mounted on the slipform. A transmission rack is nested and fixed inside the slipform. The device addresses the current reliance on manual placement, overcoming the fundamental problems of low efficiency, poor accuracy, and numerous defects associated with manual placement through intelligent closed-loop control. It can significantly reduce the large number of workers required on construction sites and greatly improve the construction efficiency and quality of concrete placement in complex construction environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete paving technology, specifically to an intelligent concrete placement device and method for rockfill dam panels. Background Technology

[0002] The face of a rockfill dam is a key structure in the rockfill dam's seepage prevention system. It is typically constructed of reinforced concrete and cast onto the upstream dam face. Its core function is to form a continuous and dense seepage barrier, preventing reservoir water infiltration and ensuring the stability of the dam. The necessity of laying a concrete face in rockfill dam construction is mainly reflected in three aspects: First, the rockfill itself has high permeability, requiring high impermeability (permeability coefficient ≤ 1×10⁻⁶). -7 The concrete panels, with a flow rate of (cm / s), block the seepage path, preventing seepage damage that could lead to dam instability. Secondly, the panels effectively disperse water pressure, uniformly transferring the reservoir water load to the rockfill body through a rigid structure, reducing localized stress concentration. Finally, the concrete panels possess excellent erosion resistance (strength grade C30 and above), resisting wave erosion and the impact of floating debris. Actual engineering data shows that properly constructed panels can reduce dam seepage by over 90%. Furthermore, through deformation adaptation designs using temperature joints and vertical joints (with a joint displacement allowance of up to 5cm), the settlement deformation of the rockfill body can be effectively coordinated (maximum settlement approximately 1% of the dam height), significantly improving the dam's integrity and durability. This "rigid-flexible" structural form leverages the advantages of locally sourced materials and rapid construction of rockfill dams while achieving reliable seepage prevention through the concrete panels, making it the mainstream design choice for high rockfill dams of 200m and above.

[0003] As the main seepage prevention structure of a rockfill dam, the construction quality and structural safety of the concrete face panel play an extremely important role in the operational stability and safety of the dam. The concrete placement operation is a crucial step in the concrete face panel pouring process, and its quality directly affects the compactness, durability, and safety of the concrete face panel, thus influencing the overall reliability and effective service life of the entire panel project.

[0004] Chinese patent document (publication number: CN112502100B) discloses an ultra-high performance concrete placing device and its application method, including a quantitative feeding device, a dynamic weighing device for a hopper, a translation device, and an intelligent placing control device. The quantitative feeding device is mounted on the translation device and can move longitudinally and laterally on the translation device. The dynamic weighing device for the hopper is connected to the quantitative feeding device to measure the material storage status and the material reduction value in the hopper of the quantitative feeding device. An elevation detection device is provided at the bottom of the quantitative feeding device to detect the distance between it and the placing surface. The intelligent placing control device connects to the dynamic weighing device for the hopper and the elevation detection device and controls the displacement of the quantitative feeding device on the translation device based on the measurement data of both. The advantage of this invention is that the intelligent control system for ultra-high performance concrete placing enables precise control of the placing process, achieving efficient operation of the system.

[0005] The current concrete placement of rockfill dam panels still relies on manual labor, requiring a large number of workers to carry out labor-intensive construction work on the steel reinforcement mesh of the panels using hand-held placement equipment.

[0006] Because the slope of the rockfill dam face is generally 1:1.4, the working surface is narrow, and the face is covered with a large amount of dense steel mesh, formwork and embedded parts, the position of the steel mesh and the status of the material placement cannot be perceived in real time, and the defect detection is delayed.

[0007] In steep slope environments, concrete is usually transported using chutes. Due to gravity, defects such as aggregate segregation, voids in the concrete placement, trajectory deviation, or aggregate jamming are easily generated. It is difficult to guarantee the uniformity and density of the concrete placement. Differences in worker experience may also lead to difficulties in accurately controlling the quality of the concrete placement, resulting in resource waste and project delays. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this paper presents an intelligent concrete placement device and method for rockfill dam face concrete. It employs a retractable conveying pipe in the supply and unloading linkage assembly to flexibly connect to an external supply device. Through a flexible hose connector, a complete flexible pipeline system is formed, directly delivering concrete to the slipway for pouring. This eliminates the heavy labor and safety hazards associated with manual installation and dismantling of traditional chute systems. The flexible connection using a corrugated metal pipe and a wear-resistant rubber lining reduces impact and vibration, achieving a completely sealed and stable concrete delivery from the supply source to the pouring point. A DC motor drives a gear-driven rack and pinion system, allowing the placement box to cover the entire construction area. The system utilizes an opening and closing plate... The opening and closing degree adjustment precisely controls the concrete flow distribution; a sensing system is constructed that integrates 3D sensors to scan the position of the reinforcing mesh in real time, pressure sensors to monitor the quality of concrete materials, and electromagnetic flowmeters to record flow rate and velocity information, realizing multi-dimensional data acquisition and comprehensive analysis; a remote control system is established to drive the device through electrical cabinets and control consoles, and make intelligent construction decisions based on the real-time data of the sensing system. The information such as the position of the reinforcing mesh, the state of concrete, and the flow rate and velocity collected by multiple sensors are fused and analyzed to realize automatic optimization and adjustment of process parameters and dynamic quality control of the material placement process, thus constructing a complete control system from data perception to intelligent decision-making to precise execution.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] A smart concrete placing device for a rockfill dam face includes slide rails mounted on both sides of the placing panel. A moving component is mounted on the slide rails, comprising a slide table and a winch. The slide table is slidably mounted on the slide rails on both sides. The winch is mounted at the higher end of the slide rails, and its cable connects to the slide table. A placing component is mounted on the slide table, including a placing box. A feeding and unloading linkage component is mounted on the slide table, comprising an automatic extension unit and a feeding and unloading linkage unit. The automatic extension unit includes a sliding mold fixed to the slide table. The placing box is slidably mounted on the sliding mold, and a transmission rack is nested and fixed inside the sliding mold. A DC motor is fixed inside the placing box, and a gear is mounted on the output end of the DC motor, meshing with the transmission rack. A placing port is located at the bottom of the placing box facing the panel pouring chamber, and a feeding and unloading linkage unit is located on one side of the placing box.

[0011] Preferably, the feeding and unloading linkage unit includes a telescopic conveying pipe made of flexible tube, a slide rod is fixedly installed on the fabric box, the telescopic conveying pipe is slidably mounted on the slide rod, the telescopic conveying pipe is connected to the conveying inlet on the side of the fabric box, and the telescopic conveying pipe is connected to an external feeding device through the conveying pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a slider is fixed on the fabric box, the slider is slidably sleeved on the sliding mold, and an opening and closing plate and a hydraulic rod are installed at the fabric opening. The size of the opening and closing plate is adapted to the fabric opening, and the hydraulic rod controls the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate. The unfolding angle of the opening and closing plate is used to adjust the amount of fabric in the area of ​​the fabric box.

[0013] Preferably, a sensing system is fixed on the slide table. The sensing system includes a 3D sensor, a pressure sensor, and an electromagnetic flow meter. The 3D sensor is installed above the slide table and located at the center of the width of the slide rail it corresponds to. It moves along the slide rail direction together with the feeding and unloading linkage components to achieve scanning of the area range. An electromagnetic flow meter is installed at the connection port between the material distribution box and the conveying pipe to record the flow rate and velocity information of the concrete material. A pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the material distribution box to record the quality of the concrete material in real time and promptly feed back the sensing data to the remote control system.

[0014] Preferably, the remote control system includes an electrical cabinet and a control console for driving the device to operate and making construction decisions based on data received from the sensing system.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding platform of the moving component is moved and fixed on the slide rail by the pull of the winch cable, and the safety of the sliding platform traction and locking is ensured by linkage with the remote control system during the operation of the rockfill dam panel.

[0016] Preferably, the slide is equipped with two or more concrete placing boxes, a telescopic conveying pipe and related supporting equipment; the concrete placing boxes are driven by gears and a transmission rack to adjust their position on the sliding mold. Each concrete placing box can cover a width of 3 meters. Multiple concrete placing boxes work together to complete the concrete placement of the area.

[0017] Preferably, during the continuous feeding of concrete, the telescopic conveying pipe flexibly connects to the material placing assembly, adapting to stretching, compression and bending deformation within a certain range, thereby reducing the impact and vibration generated by the movement of the moving assembly and the material placing assembly.

[0018] Preferably, the connection between the retractable feed pipe and the fabric box of the fabric assembly is achieved through a metal corrugated pipe and a wear-resistant rubber liner.

[0019] Preferably, the method for intelligent placement of concrete for rockfill dam face using the aforementioned device includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Install the moving components on the rockfill dam panel, and assemble and debug the corresponding material supply and unloading linkage components, material placement components, sensing system, and remote control system;

[0021] S2: Start the 3D sensor and winch. The slide table drives the 3D sensor to scan the steel mesh within the pouring silo panel area. The scan data is transmitted to the control console through the remote control system. The control console issues construction instructions based on the scan data. The entire pouring silo panel is divided into multiple working areas according to the working range of the placing box. After receiving the command, the remote control system controls the moving component and the placing component to start running.

[0022] S3: The remote control system starts the winch, and the winch pulls the slide table to move along the slide rail to the working area. The retractable conveying pipe of the feeding and unloading linkage unit is connected to the external conveying pipe to reach the working area.

[0023] S4: After the position adjustment is completed, the hydraulic rod is controlled to unfold the opening and closing plate. The remote control system links the DC motor and winch to adjust the position of the material distribution box in real time along the working area planned by the control console. Concrete material is continuously poured in the panel pouring chamber. The sensing system monitors the material distribution process in real time and feeds the monitoring data back to the control console. The control console dynamically adjusts the material distribution process according to the monitoring data and the planned material distribution path.

[0024] S5: The control console judges the fabric laying process based on the monitoring data. If the fabric density and uniformity meet the requirements, the control system remotely controls the hydraulic rod to close the opening and closing plate, controls the winch and DC motor, and transfers the fabric assembly to other working areas until the fabric laying is completed along the length of the panel.

[0025] S6: Repeat S2 to S5 above to complete the placement of concrete for the rockfill dam panel in the area. Raise the slide to the top, and retract the telescopic conveying pipe together with the slide. Reset the remaining equipment. Based on the acquired monitoring data, the control console uses data visualization technology to generate a visual reconstruction record of the construction process, which can assist in the traceability of construction quality and realize intelligent construction of the panel concrete.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The concrete placement device, supply and unloading linkage device, moving device, and remote control system of this invention constitute a control unit and an execution unit. Combined with the monitoring unit formed by the sensing system, this invention realizes intelligent concrete placement for rockfill dam face concrete, ultimately forming a closed-loop system of "monitoring-feedback-control". This technical system aims to break the current situation of relying heavily on manual concrete placement. Through intelligent closed-loop control, it overcomes the fundamental problems of low efficiency, poor accuracy, and numerous defects in manual concrete placement. It can significantly reduce the large number of workers required on the construction site, greatly improve the construction efficiency and quality of face concrete placement in complex construction environments, and promote the transformation and upgrading of rockfill dam face construction towards high efficiency, lean production, and intelligence through standardized and intelligent concrete placement processes, realizing a fundamental change from traditional labor-intensive construction to modern intelligent construction.

[0028] 2. The device of the present invention eliminates the heavy labor and safety hazards of frequent manual installation and disassembly required by traditional chute systems, significantly improves the continuity and stability of concrete conveying, reduces the probability of aggregate segregation caused by gravity and chute tilt, realizes the closed conveying of concrete from the source of material to the pouring point, maintains the workability and homogeneity of concrete, greatly reduces the construction interruption time caused by chute blockage, cleaning and maintenance, maintains uniform material distribution, and improves the overall construction efficiency and quality stability.

[0029] Specifically, the retractable conveying pipe in the material supply and unloading linkage component is flexibly connected to the external material supply device. Through the hose joint, a complete flexible pipeline system is formed with the flexible conveying pipe, which directly transports concrete to the slide for pouring. The concrete does not require manual placement and removal of the chute, and it also avoids the phenomenon of concrete segregation in the chute with an inclined angle. It can not only adapt to the movement and deformation requirements during the material placement process, but also ensure the continuous and stable delivery of concrete. Furthermore, the flexible connection of the metal corrugated pipe and wear-resistant rubber lining can reduce impact vibration. The DC motor drives the gear meshing transmission rack, so that the material placing box covers the entire construction area. The concrete flow distribution is precisely controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the opening and closing plate, reducing the probability of defects such as aggregate segregation, material placement voids, trajectory deviation, and aggregate jamming.

[0030] 3. The sensing system and remote control system of the present invention constitute a complete intelligent construction control system, realizing the transparency, intelligence and controllability of the construction process, greatly improving the timeliness of defect detection and the accuracy of handling, establishing a standardized construction process and a complete quality control data chain, realizing the continuous stability and predictable control of construction quality, and providing reliable technical support for the construction of rockfill dam face concrete.

[0031] Specifically, the sensing system integrates 3D sensors to scan the position of the rebar mesh in real time. This solves the problem of not being able to perceive the rebar mesh position in real time during manual placement, avoiding collision damage and blind spots during the placement process. It also monitors the quality of concrete through pressure sensors, keeping track of changes in the concrete's state in real time. Furthermore, it records flow rate and velocity information through electromagnetic flowmeters, enabling multi-dimensional data collection and comprehensive analysis, providing an accurate and reliable data foundation for intelligent decision-making. The remote control system operates through electrical cabinets and control consoles. It can make intelligent construction decisions based on the real-time data from the sensing system, fusing and analyzing information such as the rebar mesh position, concrete state, flow rate, and velocity collected by multiple sensors to achieve automatic optimization and adjustment of process parameters. It can also dynamically adjust the placement process and control quality, ensuring that the construction process is always in optimal condition. This technology constructs a control system from data perception to intelligent decision-making to precise execution, changing the situation of "blind operation" and reliance on human experience in the traditional placement process. It solves the technical problems of delayed defect detection, difficulty in ensuring uniform placement, and difficulty in quality control inherent in traditional manual placement. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the moving component of the device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding and unloading linkage unit of the device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric assembly of the device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the material supply and unloading linkage unit and the fabric assembly of the device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation position of the 3D sensor in the device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the remote control system of the device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the 3D sensor scanning results of the device of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: moving component (1), slide rail (1-1), winch (1-2), slide table (1-3);

[0041] Material feeding and unloading linkage assembly (2), automatic extension unit (2-1), sliding mold (2-1-1), sliding rod (2-1-2), transmission rack (2-1-3), material feeding and unloading linkage unit (2-2), telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1).

[0042] Fabric assembly (3), conveying pipe (3-1), fabric box (3-2), opening and closing plate (3-2-1), hydraulic rod (3-2-2), DC motor (3-3), gear (3-4), slider (3-5);

[0043] Sensing system (4), 3D sensor (4-1), pressure sensor (4-2), electromagnetic flow meter (4-3);

[0044] Remote control system (5), electrical cabinet (5-1), control console (5-2). Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0046] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] Example 1:

[0048] Figures 1-8As shown, an intelligent concrete placing device for a rockfill dam face includes slide rails 1-1 mounted on both sides of the placing panel. A moving component 1 is mounted on the slide rails 1-1, comprising a slide table 1-3 and a winch 1-2. The slide table 1-3 is slidably mounted on the slide rails 1-1 on both sides. The winch 1-2 is mounted at the higher end of the slide rails 1-1, and its cable is connected to the slide table 1-3. A placing component 3 is mounted on the slide table 1-3, including a placing box 3-2. A discharge linkage component 2 is mounted on the slide table 1-3, including an automatic extension unit. The automatic extension unit 2-1 includes a sliding mold 2-1-1 fixed on a slide table 1-3, a material distribution box 3-2 slidably mounted on the sliding mold 2-1-1, and a transmission rack 2-1-3 nested and fixed inside the sliding mold 2-1-1; a DC motor 3-3 is fixed inside the material distribution box 3-2, and a gear 3-4 is installed at the output end of the DC motor 3-3, which meshes with the transmission rack 2-1-3; the bottom of the material distribution box 3-2 facing the panel casting chamber is provided with a material distribution port, and the material distribution and unloading linkage unit 2-2 is provided on one side of the material distribution box 3-2;

[0049] Among them, the transmission rack 2-1-3 of the unloading linkage component 2 is embedded in the reserved groove of the sliding mold 2-1-1, which serves as a guide rail. The material box 3-2 moves along the transmission rack 2-1-3, and the transmission rack 2-1-3 can accurately control the position of the material box 3-2 on the sliding mold 2-1-1. It can lock and drive the material box 3-2 at a specified position, thereby enhancing the stability and controllability of the material assembly 3 in the movement of the sliding mold 2-1-1.

[0050] The concrete placement device, supply and unloading linkage device, moving device, and remote control system of this invention constitute a control unit and an execution unit. Combined with a monitoring unit composed of a sensing system, this invention realizes intelligent concrete placement for rockfill dam face concrete, ultimately forming a closed-loop system of "monitoring-feedback-control". This technical system aims to break the current situation of relying heavily on manual labor for concrete placement. Through intelligent closed-loop control, it overcomes the fundamental problems of low efficiency, poor accuracy, and numerous defects in manual concrete placement. It can significantly reduce the large number of workers required on the construction site, greatly improve the construction efficiency and quality of face concrete placement in complex construction environments, and promote the transformation and upgrading of rockfill dam face construction towards high efficiency, lean production, and intelligence through standardized and intelligent concrete placement processes, realizing a fundamental transformation from traditional labor-intensive construction to modern intelligent construction.

[0051] The device of this invention eliminates the heavy labor and safety hazards of frequent manual installation and disassembly required by traditional chute systems, significantly improves the continuity and stability of concrete conveying, reduces the probability of aggregate segregation caused by gravity and chute tilt, realizes the closed conveying of concrete from the source of material to the pouring point, maintains the workability and homogeneity of concrete, greatly reduces the construction interruption time caused by chute blockage, cleaning and maintenance, maintains uniform material distribution, and improves the overall construction efficiency and quality stability. The following will provide a detailed description.

[0052] Furthermore, the feeding and unloading linkage unit 2-2 includes a telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 made of a flexible tube, a slide rod 2-1-2 is fixedly installed on the material distribution box 3-2, and the telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 is slidably mounted on the slide rod 2-1-2. The telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 is connected to the material conveying inlet on the side of the material distribution box 3-2, and the telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 is connected to the external feeding assembly through the material conveying pipe 3-1.

[0053] It should be noted that the sliding mold 2-1-1, the sliding rod 2-1-2, and the transmission rack 2-1-3 constitute a rigid composite guide frame to drive the placing box 3-2; the telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1, which is made of flexible tube, can carry the conveying of concrete material, can withstand a certain range of tension and compression, and can bend freely within a certain angle range. Its linkage with the placing assembly 3 ensures that the concrete material can be stably and continuously input into the placing box, ensuring the continuity and stability of the concrete material conveying; the telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 is slidably mounted on the sliding rod 2-1-2 through the second slider.

[0054] In this invention, the retractable conveying pipe 2-2-1 in the material supply and unloading linkage component 2 is flexibly connected to the external material supply device. A complete flexible pipeline system is formed with the flexible conveying pipe 2-2-1 through the hose connector 3-1, which directly transports concrete to the slide 1-3 for pouring. The concrete does not require manual placement and removal of the chute, and it also avoids the phenomenon of concrete segregation in the chute with an inclined angle. It can not only adapt to the movement and deformation requirements during the material placement process, but also ensure the continuous and stable delivery of concrete material. Furthermore, the flexible connection of the metal corrugated pipe and the wear-resistant rubber lining can reduce impact vibration. The DC motor 3-3 drives the gear 3-4 to mesh with the transmission rack 2-1-3, so that the material placing box 3-2 covers the entire construction area. The concrete flow distribution is precisely controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the opening and closing plate 3-2-1, which reduces the probability of defects such as aggregate segregation, material placement voids, trajectory deviation, and aggregate jamming.

[0055] Furthermore, a slider 3-5 is fixedly mounted on the fabric box 3-2, and the slider 3-5 is slidably sleeved on the sliding mold 2-1-1. An opening and closing plate 3-2-1 and a hydraulic rod 3-2-2 are installed at the fabric opening. The size of the opening and closing plate 3-2-1 is adapted to the fabric opening, and the hydraulic rod 3-2-2 controls the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate 3-2-1. The unfolding angle of the opening and closing plate 3-2-1 is used to adjust the amount of fabric within the surface area of ​​the fabric box.

[0056] It should be noted that the concrete placement assembly 3 includes: a conveying pipe 3-1, a concrete placement box 3-2, a DC motor 3-3, a gear 3-4, and a slider 3-5. The concrete placement assembly 3 is mounted on the sliding mold 2-1-1 via the slider. The gear 3-4 meshes with the transmission rack 2-1-3. The DC motor 3-3 drives the gear 3-4 to move along the transmission rack 2-1-3, which in turn moves the slider 3-5 on the sliding mold 2-1-1, thereby adjusting the position of the concrete placement box 3-2 on the sliding mold 2-1-1. Each concrete placement box 3-2 can cover a width greater than 3 meters. Multiple concrete placement boxes 3-2 work together to complete the concrete placement of the area.

[0057] According to the instructions of the control console 5-2, the hydraulic rod 3-2-2 drives the opening and closing plate 3-2-1 to expand outward or retract inward, and can also expand to a specific angle to change the leakage space of the material placement port, thereby adjusting the amount of material placed by the material placement box 3-2 within the area; combined with the sensing system 4 and the remote control system 5, the position and amount of material placed are continuously corrected by comprehensively monitoring the data, so as to complete the automated material placement within the area and achieve intelligent control of concrete material output;

[0058] The slide bar 2-1-2 of the unloading linkage component 2 supports the feeding and unloading linkage unit 2-2, carries the slider 3-5 and the conveying pipe 3-1, and then supports the operation of the cloth distribution component 3 on the automatic extension unit 2-1, maintaining the linkage operation of the telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 and the cloth distribution box 3-2.

[0059] Furthermore, a sensing system 4 is fixed on the slide table 1-3. The sensing system 4 includes a 3D sensor 4-1, a pressure sensor 4-2, and an electromagnetic flowmeter 4-3. The 3D sensor 4-1 is installed above the slide table 1-3 and located at the center of the width of the slide rail 1-1 it corresponds to. It moves along the slide rail 1-1 together with the feeding and unloading linkage component 2 to achieve scanning of the area range. An electromagnetic flowmeter 4-3 is installed at the connection port between the material distribution box 3-2 and the material conveying pipe 3-1 to record the flow rate and velocity information of the concrete material. A pressure sensor 4-2 is installed at the bottom of the material distribution box 3-2 to record the quality of the concrete material in real time and promptly feed back the sensing data to the remote control system 5.

[0060] Furthermore, the remote control system 5 includes an electrical cabinet 5-1 and a control console 5-2, used to drive the device to operate and make construction decisions based on data received from the sensing system 4.

[0061] The sensing system 4 and the remote control system 5 of this invention constitute a complete intelligent construction control system, realizing the transparency, intelligence and controllability of the construction process, greatly improving the timeliness of defect detection and the accuracy of handling, establishing a standardized construction process and a complete quality control data chain, realizing the continuous stability and predictable control of construction quality, and providing reliable technical support for the construction of rockfill dam face concrete.

[0062] The sensing system 4 integrates a 3D sensor 4-1 to scan the position of the reinforcing mesh in real time. This solves the problem of not being able to perceive the position of the reinforcing mesh in real time during manual placement, avoiding collision damage and blind spots during the placement process. It also monitors the quality of the concrete material through a pressure sensor 4-2, keeping track of changes in the concrete's state in real time. Furthermore, it records flow rate information through an electromagnetic flowmeter 4-3, enabling multi-dimensional data acquisition and comprehensive analysis, providing an accurate and reliable data foundation for intelligent decision-making. The remote control system 5 drives the device through the electrical cabinet 5-1 and the control console 5-2. It can make intelligent construction decisions based on the real-time data from the sensing system 4, integrating and analyzing information such as the position of the reinforcing mesh, the state of the concrete, and the flow rate collected by multiple sensors to achieve automatic optimization and adjustment of process parameters. It can also achieve dynamic adjustment and quality control of the placement process, ensuring that the construction process is always in the best condition. This technology constructs a control system from data perception to intelligent decision-making to precise execution, changing the situation of "blind operation" and reliance on human experience in the traditional placement process. It solves the technical problems of delayed defect detection, difficulty in ensuring uniformity of placement, and difficulty in quality control in traditional manual placement.

[0063] Furthermore, the slide 1-3 of the moving component 1 is pulled on the slide rail 1-1 by the cable of the winch 1-2, and is moved and fixed by the cable. By linking with the remote control system 5, the safety of the traction and locking of the slide 1-3 during the operation of the rockfill dam panel is ensured.

[0064] Furthermore, the slide table 1-3 is equipped with two or more concrete placing boxes 3-2, a telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1, and related supporting equipment; the concrete placing boxes 3-2 are driven by gears 3-4 and transmission racks 2-1-3 to adjust the position of the concrete placing boxes 3-2 on the sliding mold 2-1-1. Each concrete placing box 3-2 can cover a width of more than 3 meters. Multiple concrete placing boxes 3-2 work together to complete the concrete placing of the area.

[0065] The material box 3-2 is installed on the sliding mold 2-1-1. The DC motor 3-3 drives the gear 3-4 to move along the transmission rack 2-1-3, which in turn drives the slider 3-5 and the material box 3-2 to move on the automatic extension unit 2-1, so as to realize the controllable adjustment of the material position. In conjunction with the automatic extension unit 2-1 and the slider 3-5, the telescopic feed tube 2-2-1 is linked to realize the feeding and position adjustment of the material box 3-2.

[0066] Furthermore, during the continuous feeding of concrete, the retractable conveying pipe 2-2-1 flexibly connects to the material distribution assembly 3, adapting to stretching, compression and bending deformation within a certain range, thereby reducing the impact and vibration generated by the movement of the moving assembly 1 and the material distribution assembly 3.

[0067] Furthermore, the connection between the retractable material conveying pipe 2-2-1 and the material box 3-2 of the material assembly 3 is flexibly connected through a metal corrugated pipe and a wear-resistant rubber liner.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] The method for intelligent concrete placement of rockfill dam face using the aforementioned device includes the following steps:

[0070] S1: Install the moving component 1 on the rockfill dam panel, and assemble and debug the corresponding material supply and unloading linkage component 2, material placement component 3, sensing system 4, and remote control system 5.

[0071] S2: Start the 3D sensor 4-1 and winch 1-2. The slide table 1-3 drives the 3D sensor 4-1 to scan the steel mesh within the pouring silo panel area. The scan data is transmitted to the control console 5-2 through the remote control system 5. The control console 5-2 issues construction instructions based on the scan data, dividing the entire pouring silo panel into multiple working areas according to the working range of the material placing box. After receiving the command, the remote control system 5 controls the moving component 1 and the material placing component 3 to start running.

[0072] S3: The remote control system 5 starts the winch 1-2. The winch 1-2 pulls the slide table 1-3 to move along the slide rail 1-1 to the working area. The retractable conveying pipe 2-2-1 of the feeding and unloading linkage unit 2-2 is connected to the external conveying pipe to reach the working area.

[0073] S4: After the position adjustment is completed, control the hydraulic rod 3-2-2 to unfold the opening and closing plate 3-2-1. The remote control system 5 links the DC motor 3-3 and the winch 1-2 to adjust the position of the material distribution box 3-2 in real time along the working area planned by the control console 5-2. Concrete material is continuously poured in the panel pouring chamber. The sensing system 4 monitors the material distribution process in real time and feeds back the monitoring data to the control console 5-2. The control console 5-2 dynamically adjusts the material distribution process according to the monitoring data and the planned material distribution path.

[0074] S5: Control console 5-2 judges the fabric laying process based on monitoring data. If the fabric density and uniformity meet the requirements, the remote control system 5 remotely controls the hydraulic rod 3-2-2 to close the opening and closing plate 3-2-1, controls the winch 1-2 and DC motor 3-3, and transfers the fabric assembly 3 to other work areas. If the effect is not good, rework is carried out as appropriate.

[0075] S6: Repeat S2 to S5 above to complete the placement of concrete for the rockfill dam panel in the area. Raise the slide 1-3 to the top, and retract the telescopic conveying pipe 2-2-1 together with the slide 1-3. Reset the remaining equipment. Based on the acquired monitoring data, the control console 5-2 uses data visualization technology to generate a visual restoration record of the construction process, which can assist in the traceability of construction quality and realize intelligent construction of the panel concrete.

[0076] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart concrete placement device for a rockfill dam face, comprising slide rails (1-1) mounted on both sides of the concrete placement panel, a moving component (1) mounted on the slide rails (1-1), the moving component comprising a slide table (1-3) and a winch (1-2), the slide table (1-3) being slidably mounted on the slide rails (1-1) on both sides, the winch (1-2) being mounted at the high end of the slide rails (1-1), the cable of the winch (1-2) being connected to the slide table (1-3), a concrete placement component (3) mounted on the slide table (1-3), the concrete placement component (3) comprising a concrete placement box (3-2), characterized in that, The slide table (1-3) is equipped with a feeding and unloading linkage assembly (2). The feeding and unloading linkage assembly (2) includes an automatic extension unit (2-1) and a feeding and unloading linkage unit (2-2). The automatic extension unit (2-1) includes a sliding mold (2-1-1) fixed on the slide table (1-3). The material box (3-2) is slidably installed on the sliding mold (2-1-1). A transmission rack (2-1-3) is nested and fixed inside the sliding mold (2-1-1). A DC motor (3-3) is fixed inside the material box (3-2). A gear (3-4) is installed at the output end of the DC motor (3-3). The gear (3-4) meshes with the transmission rack (2-1-1). 3); The bottom of the material distribution box (3-2) facing the panel casting chamber is provided with a material distribution port, and a material supply and unloading linkage unit (2-2) is provided on one side of the material distribution box (3-2); The material supply and unloading linkage unit (2-2) includes a telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1) made of flexible tube, a slide rod (2-1-2) is fixedly installed on the material distribution box (3-2), and the telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1) is slidably mounted on the slide rod (2-1-2). The telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1) is connected to the material inlet on the side of the material distribution box (3-2), and the telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1) is connected to the external material supply device through the material supply pipe (3-1); A slider (3-5) is fixed on the fabric box (3-2), and the slider (3-5) is slidably sleeved on the sliding mold (2-1-1). An opening and closing plate (3-2-1) and a hydraulic rod (3-2-2) are installed at the fabric opening. The size of the opening and closing plate (3-2-1) is adapted to the fabric opening, and the hydraulic rod (3-2-2) controls the opening and closing of the opening and closing plate (3-2-1). The unfolding angle of the opening and closing plate (3-2-1) is used to adjust the amount of fabric within the surface area of ​​the fabric box. A sensing system (4) is fixed on the slide table (1-3). The sensing system (4) includes a 3D sensor (4-1), a pressure sensor (4-2), and an electromagnetic flow meter (4-3). The 3D sensor (4-1) is installed above the slide table (1-3) and located at the center of the width of the slide rail (1-1) it is facing. It moves along the slide rail (1-1) together with the feeding and unloading linkage component (2) to achieve scanning of the area range. An electromagnetic flow meter (4-3) is installed at the connection port between the material distribution box (3-2) and the material conveying pipe (3-1) to record the flow rate and velocity information of the concrete material. A pressure sensor (4-2) is installed at the bottom of the material distribution box (3-2) to record the quality of the concrete material in real time and promptly feed back the sensing data to the remote control system (5). The remote control system (5) includes an electrical cabinet (5-1) and a control console (5-2) for driving the device to operate and making construction decisions based on data received from the sensing system (4).

2. The intelligent concrete placing device for rockfill dam face as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding platform (1-3) of the moving component (1) is pulled by the cable of the winch (1-2) to move and be fixed on the slide rail (1-1). By linking with the remote control system (5), the safety of the sliding platform (1-3) being pulled and locked during the operation of the rockfill dam panel is ensured.

3. The intelligent concrete placing device for rockfill dam face as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The slide (1-3) is equipped with two or more concrete placing boxes (3-2), a telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1), and related supporting equipment. The concrete placing boxes (3-2) are driven by gears (3-4) and transmission racks (2-1-3) to adjust their position on the sliding mold (2-1-1). Each concrete placing box (3-2) can cover a width of 3 meters. Multiple concrete placing boxes (3-2) work together to complete the concrete placement of the area.

4. The intelligent concrete placing device for rockfill dam face as described in claim 3, characterized in that, During the continuous feeding of concrete, the telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1) flexibly connects to the material distribution assembly (3), adapting to stretching, extrusion and bending deformation within a certain range, reducing the impact and vibration generated by the movement of the moving assembly (1) and the material distribution assembly (3).

5. The intelligent concrete placing device for rockfill dam face as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The connection between the retractable conveying pipe (2-2-1) and the fabric box (3-2) of the fabric assembly (3) is flexibly connected by a metal corrugated pipe and a wear-resistant rubber liner.

6. A method for intelligent concrete placement of a rockfill dam face using the apparatus described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Install the moving component (1) on the rockfill dam panel, and assemble and debug the corresponding material supply and unloading linkage component (2), material placement component (3), sensing system (4), and remote control system (5); S2: Start the 3D sensor (4-1) and winch (1-2). The slide (1-3) drives the 3D sensor (4-1) to scan the steel mesh within the pouring silo panel area. The scan data is transmitted to the control console (5-2) through the remote control system (5). The control console (5-2) issues construction instructions based on the scan data. The entire pouring silo panel is divided into multiple working areas according to the working range of the material placing box. After receiving the command, the remote control system (5) controls the moving component (1) and the material placing component (3) to start running. S3: The remote control system (5) starts the winch (1-2), the winch (1-2) pulls the slide (1-3) along the slide rail (1-1) to move to the working area, and the retractable conveying pipe (2-2-1) of the feeding and unloading linkage unit (2-2) is connected to the external conveying pipe to reach the working area. S4: After the position adjustment is completed, control the hydraulic rod (3-2-2) to unfold the opening and closing plate (3-2-1), and the remote control system (5) links the DC motor (3-3) and the winch (1-2) to adjust the position of the material distribution box (3-2) in real time along the working area planned by the control console (5-2) and continuously pour concrete in the panel pouring chamber. The sensing system (4) monitors the material distribution process in real time and feeds back the monitoring data to the control console (5-2). The control console (5-2) dynamically adjusts the material distribution process according to the monitoring data and the planned material distribution path. S5: The control console (5-2) judges the fabric laying process based on the monitoring data. If the fabric density and uniformity meet the requirements, the control system (5) remotely controls the hydraulic rod (3-2-2) to close the opening and closing plate (3-2-1), controls the winch (1-2) and DC motor (3-3), and transfers the fabric assembly (3) to other working areas until the fabric laying is completed along the length of the panel. S6: Repeat S2 to S5 above to complete the placement of concrete for the rockfill dam panel in the area. Raise the slide (1-3) to the top, and retract the telescopic conveying pipe (2-2-1) together with the slide (1-3). Reset the remaining equipment. The control console (5-2) generates a visual restoration record of the construction process based on the acquired monitoring data using data visualization technology. This can assist in the traceability of construction quality and realize the intelligent construction of the panel concrete.

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