An automatic opening and closing control system for a sluice

Abstract

The application provides a sluice anti-seepage and automatic opening and closing control system, comprising the following functional modules: a multi-source data acquisition module for acquiring multi-source data and performing cleaning and verification; a seepage risk assessment module for calculating a seepage risk index based on the multi-source data, performing online risk assessment and hierarchical early warning; a risk self-adaptive adjustment module for generating a self-adaptive adjustment factor through a risk self-adaptive function, dynamically determining a system risk situation, and generating a dynamic trigger water level; an opening and closing control module for comparing an upstream water level with the dynamic trigger water level to generate an opening and closing instruction, and adjusting a gate operation speed based on a risk level to build a hierarchical control strategy; and a data verification module for performing logical consistency verification on multi-source monitoring data and generating a system state identifier. The system realizes early identification and active prevention and control of seepage risk, builds an intelligent opening and closing control mechanism adaptive to the risk situation through dynamic trigger water level and hierarchical speed regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety monitoring and automated control technology, specifically to a culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system. Background Technology

[0002] As key structures in water conservancy projects for regulating water levels and distributing water flow, the structural safety and stable operation of culverts directly affect the comprehensive benefits of flood control, drainage, irrigation, and water supply. Among various defects in culverts, leakage is one of the most common and threatening, especially seepage in the culvert foundation and seepage around the culvert. If not detected and controlled in time, it can lead to catastrophic accidents such as foundation erosion, structural instability, or even collapse. The risk of leakage is complexly related to various factors such as the difference in water levels between upstream and downstream, the soil quality of the culvert foundation, and the effectiveness of the seepage prevention system. Its development is often a dynamic and gradual process. Therefore, accurate assessment and early warning of leakage risk, and intelligent adjustment of the culvert's operating status accordingly, are core aspects of ensuring project safety.

[0003] In the prior art, CN112731981B discloses an automated remote control system for hydraulic gates. This technology includes: a weather monitoring unit, an information collection unit, an inertial analysis unit, an inertial database, a humidity monitoring unit, a controller, a water level monitoring unit, a management unit, a display unit, a storage unit, a gate control unit, a smart terminal, an intensity monitoring unit, and gates one, two, and three. The controller is electrically connected to each unit and is used to receive, transmit, analyze, and process data information, and control the gates based on the analysis results. This invention can monitor humidity, water level, and rainfall information near the reservoir in real time. With the aid of the inertial analysis unit, it obtains the degree of deviation in weather forecasts and analyzes the relationship between water level increase, rainfall, and air humidity. This analysis utilizes recent data, ensuring sufficient accuracy.

[0004] However, in the aforementioned existing technologies, sluice gate control relies on a single water level threshold for static opening and closing decisions, lacking the comprehensive risk perception capability of multiple factors such as sluice foundation seepage pressure and groundwater level, and thus failing to achieve early identification and quantitative assessment of leakage risks. Its control logic is fixed, unable to adaptively adjust response strategies according to the risk situation, resulting in problems of response lag or overreaction. Furthermore, the gate opening and closing speed is usually constant, making it difficult to balance operational efficiency and structural safety under high-risk conditions, and lacks an effective data verification mechanism, resulting in insufficient overall system intelligence and proactive safety control capabilities.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a culvert and sluice gate seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. This invention constructs a quantitative leakage risk index by integrating multi-source data, changing the traditional static control mode that relies solely on a single water level threshold; it innovatively introduces a risk adaptive function and a dynamic trigger water level mechanism, enabling the system to intelligently adjust its response strategy and opening / closing threshold according to the risk situation, rather than using fixed logic; simultaneously, it links the risk level with the gate operating speed, balancing safety with operational efficiency, solving the problem of the crudeness of traditional systems in risk control, and significantly improving the intelligence, safety, and reliability of culvert and sluice gate operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system includes the following functional modules: Multi-source data acquisition module: Acquires multi-source data on the operation of the sluice gate, including upstream water level, downstream water level, gate foundation seepage pressure, and groundwater level downstream of the gate, and preprocesses the multi-source data. Leakage risk assessment module: Based on preprocessed multi-source data, calculate its leakage risk index, perform leakage risk assessment based on the leakage risk index, and establish a hierarchical early warning mechanism based on the leakage risk assessment results; Risk adaptive adjustment module: Based on the leakage risk index, an adaptive adjustment factor is calculated through a risk adaptive function. The numerical status of the adaptive adjustment factor is continuously monitored to determine the risk development trend of the system. The aggressiveness of the system's response to leakage risk is changed according to the duration of different risk development trends. The preset opening and closing control water level threshold is dynamically corrected based on the adaptive adjustment factor to generate a dynamic trigger water level. Opening and closing control module: compares the collected upstream water level with the dynamically triggered water level, generates sluice gate opening and closing control commands based on the comparison results, and adaptively adjusts the gate opening and closing speed based on the leakage risk assessment results, thus constructing a hierarchical control strategy that matches the leakage risk level. Data verification module: The system performs data consistency verification based on the collected upstream water level, downstream water level, groundwater level after the gate, seepage pressure of the gate foundation, and gate status data, and generates a system status identifier based on the verification results.

[0008] Furthermore, the method used for preprocessing the multi-source data is as follows: Data cleaning of multi-source data includes the detection and deletion of outliers and duplicate data, and the handling of missing values. Specifically, statistical methods are used to identify outliers and duplicate data in multi-source data, delete outliers and duplicate data in multi-source data, and fill missing values ​​in multi-source data using the mean, median or mode of multi-source data. The formula used to calculate the leakage risk index is as follows: ; in, Leakage risk index A high value indicates a high risk of leakage in the culvert or gate. This refers to the upstream water level. This refers to the downstream water level. This represents the permeation pressure value of the gate foundation; This represents the groundwater level downstream of the sluice gate. The preset safety threshold for gate base seepage pressure; The preset maximum water level difference of the culvert; , , , which is a preset weighting coefficient. The value of the weighting coefficient is determined based on historical leakage accident data and operational data through expert experience, and satisfies the following conditions: + + =1.

[0009] Furthermore, the logic for the leakage risk assessment is as follows: when < At this time, the system is running in the safe zone and does not trigger an alert; when ≤ < When this occurs, the system enters the warning zone, triggering a leakage warning signal and prompting operators to strengthen monitoring. when ≥ When this happens, the system enters the alarm zone, triggers a high-risk leakage alarm, and is linked to the superior monitoring center; in, The preset safety threshold; This is the preset alarm threshold.

[0010] Furthermore, the formula upon which the risk adaptive function is based is: ; in, The adaptive adjustment factor is... The value range is [0,1]; This refers to a sensitivity coefficient, the initial value of which is set by the management based on engineering safety requirements, and the sensitivity coefficient... For a parameter that can be dynamically adjusted based on the system's operating status, the sensitivity coefficient satisfies... >0.

[0011] Furthermore, the logic for determining the risk development trend of the aforementioned system is as follows: when ≥ At that time, the system is determined to be in a low-risk state range; when ≤ < At that time, the system was determined to be in a medium-risk state. when < At that time, the system is determined to be in a high-risk state range; in, The preset high state threshold, The preset low state threshold is satisfied. > .

[0012] Furthermore, the logic for changing the aggressiveness of the system's response to leakage risk is as follows: when The period of time in a low-risk state exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Set as baseline value ; when The period of time in the medium-risk range exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Adjusted to ; when The period of time spent in a high-risk state exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Adjusted to ; in, > > ; Sensitivity coefficient satisfies < < .

[0013] Furthermore, the formula upon which the dynamic water level is triggered is: ; in, The preset static opening and closing control water level; The corrected dynamic trigger water level; The higher the risk of leakage, The smaller the value, the more dynamically the water level is triggered. The corresponding reduction allows the system to trigger the gate opening command earlier, thereby reducing the water level difference between upstream and downstream by releasing water in advance, thus actively suppressing the further development of leakage risk; The dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the system to adaptively change the triggering conditions according to the risk status.

[0014] Furthermore, the logic for generating the culvert gate opening and closing control command is as follows: When the upstream water level value ≥ At that time, a gate opening command is generated; When the upstream water level value < At that time, generate a gate closing command or maintain the gate closing state.

[0015] Furthermore, the logic for the adaptive adjustment of the gate's opening and closing speed is as follows: When the system is operating in the safe zone, the baseline operating speed is used. To ensure operational efficiency; When the system enters the warning zone, it switches to the first-level speed adjustment. This reduces the dynamic disturbance to the foundation caused by gate operation and enhances system stability; When the system enters the alarm zone, it switches to the second-level speed adjustment. To minimize changes in water flow and avoid high-risk conditions where rapid changes in water level exacerbate leakage; Among them, each speed gear satisfies: > > .

[0016] Furthermore, the data consistency verification methods include: Under the condition that the gate remains stable and there is no rainfall input, monitor the fluctuations of the upstream water level, downstream water level, groundwater level after the gate, and seepage pressure of the gate foundation; when the upstream water level, downstream water level, and groundwater level after the gate remain stable, but the seepage pressure of the gate foundation shows a trend change without physical cause, it is determined that there is an anomaly in the seepage pressure of the gate foundation. After the system issues a gate opening command, if the gate opening feedback value is detected to have increased, but the upstream water level remains high and does not decrease in line with the discharge flow, it is determined that there is an anomaly in the upstream water level data.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention improves the accuracy and reliability of culvert and sluice gate operation by collecting and preprocessing multi-source data. Based on the preprocessed data, a leakage risk index is calculated, enabling a quantitative assessment of leakage risk. Through leakage risk assessment and a tiered early warning mechanism, early warning signals are triggered promptly, enhancing the system's response to leakage risks. An adaptive adjustment factor is calculated using a risk adaptive function to dynamically adjust the system's aggressiveness in responding to risks, allowing the system to adaptively change triggering conditions. A dynamic trigger water level is generated by dynamically correcting the opening and closing control water level threshold, triggering the gate opening command earlier to release water in advance, reducing the water level difference between upstream and downstream, and proactively suppressing the development of leakage risks. The gate opening and closing speed is adaptively adjusted according to the leakage risk assessment results, constructing a tiered control strategy that matches the leakage risk level, reducing the disturbance of gate actions to the foundation, and enhancing system stability. A system status identifier is generated through data consistency verification to ensure data reliability and normal system operation, thereby comprehensively improving the culvert and sluice gate's seepage prevention capabilities and automated control efficiency, effectively preventing leakage accidents, and ensuring project safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of a culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of a culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0021] Example: Please refer to Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: A culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system includes the following functional modules: Multi-source data acquisition module: This module collects multi-source data on the operation of the sluice gate. The purpose of multi-source data acquisition is to comprehensively capture the key state parameters of the sluice gate operation. By integrating information from different sources, it provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent analysis and decision-making. The multi-source data includes upstream water level values, downstream water level values, gate foundation seepage pressure values, and groundwater level values ​​behind the gate. The module also performs preprocessing on the multi-source data to ensure data quality and consistency. The core of this process is data cleaning, which covers the detection and deletion of outliers and duplicate data, as well as the handling of missing values. The method used for preprocessing multi-source data is as follows: Data cleaning of multi-source data includes outlier and duplicate detection and removal, as well as handling missing values. Specifically, statistical methods are used to identify outliers and duplicates in the multi-source data, which are then removed. Missing values ​​are filled using the mean, median, or mode of the multi-source data to maintain its representativeness. This preprocessing effectively improves the accuracy and usability of the data, laying a solid foundation for subsequent leakage risk assessment and control decisions.

[0022] The leakage risk assessment module calculates a leakage risk index based on preprocessed multi-source data. This index quantifies the potential leakage hazard of the culvert structure by comprehensively analyzing key parameters related to leakage. Based on the leakage risk index, a leakage risk assessment is performed. By comparing the dynamic relationship between the risk index and a preset threshold, the current safe state range of the system is determined, thereby achieving risk identification and classification. A hierarchical early warning mechanism is established based on the leakage risk assessment results. Different early warning levels are divided according to the level of risk, and corresponding early warning signals and handling suggestions are set for each level, forming a hierarchical risk response system. This ensures that the system can take differentiated early warning and control measures according to the severity of leakage risks, thereby improving the overall reliability and safety of operation. The formula used to calculate the leakage risk index is as follows: .

[0023] The leakage risk index serves as the basis for the system to conduct leakage risk assessment and graded early warning, helping the system to automatically determine the risk level and thus trigger corresponding early warning or alarm signals.

[0024] in, Leakage risk index A high value indicates a high risk of leakage in the culvert or gate. The upstream water level is measured by sensors. The higher the upstream water level, the greater the hydrostatic pressure on the gate body, and the greater the driving force for leakage. The downstream water level is measured by sensors. The higher the downstream water level, the smaller the difference between the downstream and upstream water levels, and the smaller the driving force for leakage. The value of the seepage pressure of the gate foundation is obtained directly through sensors. The higher the pressure, the easier it is for water to penetrate the gate foundation, and the higher the risk. The value of the groundwater level behind the gate is measured by sensors. When the groundwater level behind the gate rises abnormally, it indicates that seepage around the gate has occurred. The preset safety threshold for gate base seepage pressure; The preset maximum water level difference of the culvert indicates the maximum upstream and downstream water level difference that the culvert structure can safely withstand; and Positive correlation An increase indicates higher seepage pressure in the gate base, directly increasing the risk of leakage.

[0025] , , , where is a preset weighting coefficient, and satisfies > > The difference in water levels between upstream and downstream is the dominant factor driving leakage, while the seepage pressure at the sluice gate foundation is a direct but secondary factor. The groundwater level downstream of the sluice gate is an indirect reference factor that is easily affected by interference. The weighting coefficients are determined based on historical leakage accident data and operational data, using expert experience, and satisfy the following conditions: + + =1.

[0026] The logic behind the leakage risk assessment is as follows: when < When the system is operating in the safe zone and does not trigger an alarm, it indicates that the leakage risk of the culvert is within an acceptable range, the system is operating stably, and no external intervention is required. when ≤ < When the system enters the warning zone, it triggers a leakage warning signal. This zone indicates that the risk of leakage has increased and there may be potential hidden dangers. The system will actively trigger a leakage warning signal to remind operators to strengthen the monitoring of key parameters and prepare to deal with possible risk development. when ≥ When the system enters the alarm zone and triggers a high-risk leakage alarm, it indicates that the leakage risk has reached a critical level and may cause serious consequences. At this time, the system will immediately trigger a high-risk leakage alarm and automatically link the alarm information to the superior monitoring center to ensure the rapid activation of the emergency response process and coordination of higher-level supervision and disposal resources. in, The preset safety threshold; This is the preset alarm threshold.

[0027] Risk Adaptive Adjustment Module: Based on the leakage risk index, an adaptive adjustment factor is calculated through a risk adaptive function. This adaptive adjustment factor serves as a core variable reflecting the current system risk level, and its numerical change is directly related to the dynamic evolution of leakage risk. The module continuously monitors the numerical state of the adaptive adjustment factor to determine the risk development trend of the system. Based on the duration of different risk development trends, the module adjusts the aggressiveness of the system's response to leakage risk. Based on the adaptive adjustment factor, the system dynamically corrects the preset opening and closing control water level threshold. This correction process combines the factor with the static threshold to generate a dynamic trigger water level that adapts to the risk state, thereby ensuring that the system triggers control actions in advance when the risk increases and resumes normal operation when the risk decreases, achieving a balance between risk adaptation and operational efficiency. The formula upon which the risk adaptive function is based is: ; Value varies with leakage risk index The risk level adjusts dynamically according to changes in the leakage risk index; when the leakage risk index is higher... The smaller the value, the earlier the system will trigger the gate opening command, thereby reducing the water level difference between upstream and downstream by releasing water in advance, thus actively suppressing the risk of leakage. in, The adaptive adjustment factor is... The value range is [0,1]; This refers to a sensitivity coefficient, the initial value of which is set by the management based on engineering safety requirements, and the sensitivity coefficient... It is a parameter that can be dynamically adjusted based on the system's operating status. and negative correlation When it increases, A decrease indicates that the system is more sensitive to risk, and the system sensitivity coefficient satisfies >0.

[0028] The logic behind the risk development trend determination system is as follows: when ≥ When the system is in a low-risk state, it indicates that the system is currently facing a low risk of leakage. when ≤ < When the risk of leakage has increased but has not yet reached a high-risk level, the system is judged to be in a medium-risk state. when < When this occurs, it indicates a high risk of leakage, requiring immediate attention, and the system is determined to be in a high-risk state. in, The preset high state threshold, The preset low state threshold is satisfied. > .

[0029] The logic for changing the aggressiveness of the system's response to leakage risk is as follows: when The period of time in a low-risk state exceeds When the environment is relatively stable, the sensitivity coefficient is adjusted accordingly. Set as baseline value This makes the system response more gentle and avoids unnecessary intervention; when The period of time in the medium-risk range exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Adjusted to This is to enhance the system's sensitivity to changes in risk and balance response speed with stability; when The period of time spent in a high-risk state exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Adjusted to This is to ensure that the system can respond quickly and mitigate potential dangers; in, > > ; Sensitivity coefficient satisfies < < This ensures that the degree of aggressiveness in the response gradually increases as the risk rises, thereby achieving adaptive regulation.

[0030] The formula upon which the dynamic water level is triggered is: ; in, The preset static opening and closing control water level; The corrected dynamic trigger water level; The higher the risk of leakage, The smaller the value, the more dynamically the water level is triggered. The corresponding reduction allows the system to trigger the gate opening command earlier, thereby reducing the water level difference between upstream and downstream by releasing water in advance, thus actively suppressing the further development of leakage risk; The dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the system to adaptively change the triggering conditions according to the risk status.

[0031] The opening and closing control module compares the collected upstream water level with the dynamically triggered water level and generates sluice gate opening and closing control commands based on the comparison results. This ensures that the gate opening operation is initiated in a timely manner when the water level reaches or exceeds the dynamic threshold, or that the gate is kept closed when it is below the threshold. This effectively regulates the difference between upstream and downstream water levels, reduces potential leakage risks, and adaptively adjusts the gate opening and closing speed based on leakage risk assessment results. This constructs a graded control strategy that matches the leakage risk level. Through graded speed adjustment, the system can significantly enhance stability and safety under complex working conditions while ensuring operational efficiency. The logic for generating culvert opening and closing control commands is as follows: When the upstream water level value ≥ At that time, a gate opening command is generated to actively release water and regulate the upstream water level to prevent the risk of leakage from increasing due to excessively high water levels; When the upstream water level value < When necessary, a gate closure command is generated or the gate is kept closed to store water or maintain the current water level stability, avoiding unnecessary discharge that could waste water resources or cause downstream impact.

[0032] The logic for the adaptive adjustment of the gate's opening and closing speed is as follows: When the system is operating in the safe zone, the baseline operating speed is used. This speed setting focuses on optimizing operational efficiency, ensuring that the gate can quickly respond to water level changes under low-risk conditions and meet daily scheduling needs; When the system enters the warning zone, it switches to the first-level speed adjustment. This speed setting is designed to reduce the frequency and intensity of gate operations, minimizing dynamic disturbance to the gate base and surrounding foundation by slowing down the opening and closing process, thereby enhancing the structural stability and long-term operational reliability of the system. When the system enters the alarm zone, it switches to the second-level speed adjustment. This gear position aims to minimize changes in water flow by using extremely slow gate movement to avoid rapid fluctuations in water level, effectively avoiding high-risk conditions such as leakage deterioration or structural damage that may be caused by rapid discharge or water storage. Among them, each speed gear satisfies: > > .

[0033] Data verification module: The system performs data consistency verification based on the collected upstream water level, downstream water level, groundwater level after the gate, seepage pressure of the gate foundation, and gate status data to ensure the logical correlation and physical rationality between the monitoring data, thereby improving the reliability and accuracy of system decision-making, and generating system status identifiers based on the verification results. The methods for data consistency verification include: Under stable gate conditions and no rainfall input, monitor the fluctuations of upstream water level, downstream water level, groundwater level downstream of the gate, and seepage pressure of the gate foundation. Under normal circumstances, these parameters should remain relatively stable or fluctuate only slightly within a reasonable range. When the upstream water level, downstream water level, and groundwater level downstream of the gate remain stable, but the seepage pressure of the gate foundation shows a trend change without any physical cause, it is determined that there is an anomaly in the seepage pressure data. Such anomalies are caused by factors such as sensor drift, blockage, or signal distortion, and should be marked and checked in a timely manner. After the system issues a gate opening command, under normal circumstances, the increase in gate opening should cause the upstream water level to gradually decrease due to the discharge. If the gate opening feedback value has increased, but the upstream water level remains high and does not decrease in proportion to the discharge flow, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the upstream water level data. This inconsistency is caused by factors such as water level sensor failure, data transmission delay, or local siltation, and should be marked and checked in a timely manner.

[0034] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0035] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0036] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0037] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system, characterized in that, Includes the following modules: Multi-source data acquisition module: Acquires multi-source data on the operation of the sluice gate, including upstream water level, downstream water level, gate foundation seepage pressure, and groundwater level downstream of the gate, and preprocesses the multi-source data. Leakage risk assessment module: Based on preprocessed multi-source data, calculate its leakage risk index, perform leakage risk assessment based on the leakage risk index, and establish a hierarchical early warning mechanism based on the leakage risk assessment results; Risk adaptive adjustment module: Based on the leakage risk index, an adaptive adjustment factor is calculated through a risk adaptive function. The numerical status of the adaptive adjustment factor is continuously monitored to determine the risk development trend of the system. The aggressiveness of the system's response to leakage risk is changed according to the duration of different risk development trends. The preset opening and closing control water level threshold is dynamically corrected based on the adaptive adjustment factor to generate a dynamic trigger water level. Opening and closing control module: compares the collected upstream water level with the dynamically triggered water level, generates sluice gate opening and closing control commands based on the comparison results, and adaptively adjusts the gate opening and closing speed based on the leakage risk assessment results, thus constructing a hierarchical control strategy that matches the leakage risk level. Data verification module: The system performs data consistency verification based on the collected upstream water level, downstream water level, groundwater level after the gate, seepage pressure of the gate foundation, and gate status data, and generates a system status identifier based on the verification results. Data cleaning of multi-source data includes the detection and deletion of outliers and duplicate data, and the handling of missing values. Specifically, statistical methods are used to identify outliers and duplicate data in multi-source data, delete outliers and duplicate data in multi-source data, and fill missing values ​​in multi-source data using the mean, median or mode of multi-source data. The formula used to calculate the leakage risk index is as follows: ； in, Leakage risk index A high value indicates a high risk of leakage in the culvert or gate. This refers to the upstream water level. This refers to the downstream water level. This represents the permeability pressure of the gate base; This represents the groundwater level downstream of the sluice gate. The preset safety threshold for gate base seepage pressure; The preset maximum water level difference of the culvert; , , , which is a preset weighting coefficient. The value of the weighting coefficient is determined based on historical leakage accident data and operational data through expert experience, and satisfies the following conditions: + + =1; The formula upon which the risk adaptive function is based is: ； in, The adaptive adjustment factor is... The value range is [0,1]; This refers to a sensitivity coefficient, the initial value of which is set by the management based on engineering safety requirements, and the sensitivity coefficient... For a parameter that can be dynamically adjusted based on the system's operating status, the sensitivity coefficient satisfies... >0; The formula upon which the dynamic water level is triggered is: ； in, The preset static opening and closing control water level; The corrected dynamic trigger water level; The higher the risk of leakage, The smaller the value, the more dynamically the water level is triggered. The corresponding reduction allows the system to trigger the gate opening command earlier, thereby reducing the water level difference between upstream and downstream by releasing water in advance, thus actively suppressing the further development of leakage risk; The dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the system to adaptively change the triggering conditions according to the risk status.

2. The culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic behind the leakage risk assessment is as follows: when < At this time, the system is running in the safe zone and does not trigger an alert; when ≤ < When this occurs, the system enters the warning zone, triggers a leakage warning signal, and prompts operators to strengthen monitoring; when ≥ When this happens, the system enters the alarm zone, triggers a high-risk leakage alarm, and is linked to the superior monitoring center; in, The preset safety threshold; This is the preset alarm threshold.

3. The culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic behind the risk development trend determination system is as follows: when ≥ At that time, the system is determined to be in a low-risk state range; when ≤ < At that time, the system was determined to be in a medium-risk state. when < At that time, the system is determined to be in a high-risk state range; in, The preset high state threshold, The preset low state threshold is satisfied. > .

4. The culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The logic for changing the aggressiveness of the system's response to leakage risk is as follows: when The period of time in a low-risk state exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Set as baseline value ; when The period of time in the medium-risk range exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Adjusted to ; when The period of time spent in a high-risk state exceeds At that time, the sensitivity coefficient Adjusted to ; in, > > ; Sensitivity coefficient satisfies < < .

5. The culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The logic for generating culvert opening and closing control commands is as follows: When the upstream water level value ≥ At that time, a gate opening command is generated; When the upstream water level value < At that time, generate a gate closing command or maintain the gate closing state.

6. The culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The logic for the adaptive adjustment of the gate's opening and closing speed is as follows: When the system is operating in the safe zone, the baseline operating speed is used. To ensure operational efficiency; When the system enters the warning zone, it switches to the first-level speed adjustment. This reduces the dynamic disturbance to the foundation caused by gate operation and enhances system stability; When the system enters the alarm zone, it switches to the second-level speed adjustment. To minimize changes in water flow and avoid high-risk conditions where rapid changes in water level exacerbate leakage; Among them, each speed gear satisfies: > > .

7. The culvert seepage prevention and automated opening and closing control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The methods for data consistency verification include: Under the condition that the gate remains stable and there is no rainfall input, monitor the fluctuations of the upstream water level, downstream water level, groundwater level after the gate, and seepage pressure of the gate foundation; when the upstream water level, downstream water level, and groundwater level after the gate remain stable, but the seepage pressure of the gate foundation shows a trend change without physical cause, it is determined that there is an anomaly in the seepage pressure of the gate foundation. After the system issues a gate opening command, if the gate opening feedback value is detected to have increased, but the upstream water level remains high and does not decrease in line with the discharge flow, it is determined that there is an anomaly in the upstream water level data.

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