Preparation process and forging device of hollow variable cross-section oil cylinder connecting piece

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of forging equipment technology, specifically the manufacturing process and forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors. It aims to solve the problems of uneven stress on the billet, low and unsafe punching efficiency, and inconvenient billet removal in traditional forging. The technical solution is as follows: the forging hammer drives the rack via a bearing plate, which in turn rotates the forging table through gears and bevel gear rings, ensuring uniform stress on the billet for upsetting. An electromagnet controls the pin rod to rotate the nut block, driving the push column upwards to cooperate with the forging hammer for punching. A drive motor, via gear transmission, moves the threaded rod upwards to lift the billet. This device can uniformly forge the billet, automatically punch holes, and easily remove the billet, improving the forging quality and efficiency of hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors while ensuring worker safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging equipment technology, and in particular to the manufacturing process of hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors and its forging apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Hollow variable cross section hydraulic cylinder connectors refer to mechanical components used to connect hydraulic cylinders to other equipment or parts. They typically include various types of joints and flanges, and these mechanical components are mostly produced through forging processes.

[0003] Traditional forging methods have many drawbacks. During upsetting, the forging hammer applies uneven forging force to the billet, resulting in inconsistent stress across different parts of the billet and affecting forging quality. In the punching stage, the punching cylinder is usually placed manually on the billet, which is not only inefficient but also poses a safety hazard as flying iron sparks can easily burn workers. Furthermore, removing the billet after forging is inconvenient, increasing the difficulty and time cost of subsequent processing. Existing forging equipment cannot effectively solve these problems and struggles to meet the high-quality, high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the shortcomings of existing blanks, such as uneven stress, low punching efficiency and safety, and inconvenience in blank removal, and to propose a manufacturing process and forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The manufacturing process of hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors includes the following steps: S1. Heat treatment: According to the flange specifications, cut the billet from the bar stock or steel ingot, heat the billet to the forging temperature, the heating temperature of carbon steel is 1100℃-1200℃, the heating temperature of alloy steel is higher than that of carbon steel, and strictly control the temperature uniformity; the heating process adopts segmented temperature control, and the temperature difference between the billet surface and the core is ≤50℃. S2, Upsetting, Punching and Drawing: The heated billet is placed on the forging device and upsetting is performed in sequence to reduce the height and increase the diameter, punching is performed to form a center hole, and drawing is performed to adjust the wall thickness. S3, Pre-forging: The billet after step S2 is pre-formed and forged, and the oxide scale is removed; S4. Final forging: Precision forging of flange geometry to form the disc surface and bolt hole bosses; S5. Heat treatment: Heat treatment is performed on the billet after final forging to eliminate stress and homogenize the microstructure; ordinary flanges are normalized or annealed; high-strength flanges are quenched and then tempered at 550℃-650℃; stainless steel flanges are solution treated at 1000℃-1100℃ and then water-cooled. S6. Machining: The heat-treated blank is machined by turning the sealing surface, outer diameter and drilling to ensure dimensional accuracy; In step S2, upsetting, punching, and drawing are carried out continuously on the forging device. The punching process is completed by the coordinated action of the forging hammer and the push column: the push column moves up to lift the billet, while the forging hammer presses down to achieve punching.

[0006] A forging apparatus for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors, used in the aforementioned manufacturing process for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors, is employed for upsetting and punching the billet, including: The base has a rotating ring rotatably connected to its top, and a forging table is fixed to the top of the rotating ring; The frame is fixed to the top of the base by support rods. A hydraulic cylinder is fixed inside the frame. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a forging hammer for forging the billet on the forging table. The drive structure, located on the base, includes a bevel gear ring fixed to the outer wall of the rotating ring, a support plate that slides to connect the frame, and a transmission assembly that meshes with the bevel gear ring. The punching structure includes a push column that slides through the forging table and a nut block that is rotatably connected to the rotating ring. The nut block is threaded onto the outer wall of the push column. The drive structure responds to the upward movement of the forging hammer, driving the rotating ring to rotate the billet to achieve uniform upsetting; the punching structure drives the push column upward by rotating the nut block, which, together with the downward pressure of the forging hammer, completes the punching.

[0007] In one possible design, the drive structure includes: A fixed rod is vertically fixed to the bottom of the frame, and the bearing plate is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod; A rack is fixed to the side of the support plate and extends into the base; The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the base, and one end of it is fixed with a bevel gear that meshes with the bevel gear ring. One-way bearing, with the inner ring fixed to the outer wall of the drive shaft; The first gear is fixed to the outer ring of the one-way bearing and meshes with the rack; The first tension spring has a bearing plate and a fixing rod connected to its two ends, respectively. The forging hammer moves upward, pushing the bearing plate and rack upward, driving the first gear to rotate the drive shaft in one direction via a one-way bearing, causing the rotating ring to rotate by a predetermined angle.

[0008] In one possible design, the punching structure further includes: A fixed plate is fixed inside the rotating ring and fitted with a push column; Multiple first circular grooves are provided at the bottom of the fixed plate, and first pins are slidably installed inside them; The first electromagnet is embedded in the inner wall of the top of the first circular groove and is used to attract the first pin. Multiple first pin slots are located on the top of the nut block; When the first electromagnet is de-energized, the first pin falls and, as the rotating ring rotates to a predetermined position, inserts into the first pin groove, causing the fixed plate to drive the nut block to rotate.

[0009] In one possible design, when the nut block rotates, it drives the push column upward to push the billet, and the forging hammer presses down on the billet to cooperate with the push column to complete the punching.

[0010] One possible design also includes a jacking structure: The fixed ring is slidably connected inside the rotating ring; Multiple threaded rods, with the top end penetrating through the fixing plate and forging table, and the bottom end fixed to the fixing ring; The third gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, and its inner wall sliding block is threadedly engaged with a threaded rod. The drive motor is fixed to the top of the mounting plate; The second gear is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor and meshes with the third gear; A spur gear ring is fitted onto the outer wall of the nut block and meshes with the second gear. When the first electromagnet is energized, the first pin disengages from the first pin groove. The drive motor drives the second gear to reverse, which in turn drives the spur ring to reverse the nut block, causing the push column to move down and reset. At the same time, the second gear synchronously drives the third gear to move the threaded rod up and lift the billet.

[0011] One possible design also includes a clamping component: Multiple mounting brackets are fixed to the top of the forging table; The slide bar slides through the fixed base; The clamp is fixed to the end of the slide bar near the blank. The second tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod, and its two ends are respectively connected to the fixed seat and the slide rod; A clearance groove is provided on the side of the fixed seat; During the upsetting and expansion of the billet, the clamping plate is pushed into the relief groove.

[0012] In one possible design, the bottom of the forging hammer is provided with: Mounting slot; Multiple electric actuators are fixed to the top of the mounting slot; The filler block is fixed to the output end of the electric actuator and slides within the mounting groove. During punching, the electric push rod retracts the filling block to avoid the push column.

[0013] In one possible design, a clutch assembly is provided between the nut block and the spur gear ring: Multiple second circular grooves are provided on the outer wall of the nut block; The second pin is slidably disposed in the second circular groove; Spring, connecting the second pin to the inner wall of the second circular groove; The second electromagnet is fixed to the inner wall of the second circular groove; Multiple second pin slots are provided on the inner wall of the straight gear ring; When the second electromagnet is energized, it attracts the second pin rod and disengages it from the second pin groove, thus breaking the transmission between the nut block and the straight toothed ring.

[0014] In one possible design, when the drive motor drives the second gear to rotate forward, the second electromagnet is de-energized, and the spring pushes the second pin to insert into the second pin groove so that the nut block engages with the spur gear ring.

[0015] Beneficial effects: In this invention, the bearing plate is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod, a rack is fixed on one side of the bearing plate, and a drive shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the base through the base. A bevel gear that meshes with the bevel ring is fixed at one end of the drive shaft, and a first gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the drive shaft through a one-way bearing. The forging hammer drives the rack to move upward through the bearing plate, the rack drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear drives the drive shaft to rotate in one direction through the one-way bearing. The drive shaft drives the forging table and the rotating ring to rotate through the meshing of the bevel gear and the bevel ring. Thus, after the forging hammer completes one forging of the billet, the billet rotates at a certain angle under the action of the forging table. The forging hammer can uniformly apply forging force to the top of the billet, thereby completing the upsetting operation of the billet. In this invention, the nut block rotates at the bottom of the fixed plate and is threaded onto the outer wall of the push column. The bottom of the fixed plate is provided with multiple first circular grooves, each containing a first pin. The top inner wall of each of the first circular grooves is fixedly embedded with a first electromagnet. The top of the nut block is provided with multiple first pin slots. When the first electromagnets are de-energized, the magnetic attraction to the first pins is released, and the first pins are inserted into the first pin slots under the action of gravity. The fixed plate drives the nut block to rotate, and the nut block is threadedly connected to the push column. The rotation of the nut block drives the push column to move upward and pushes the billet upward. Then, the forging hammer forges the lifted billet again. The forging hammer and the push column can automatically punch holes in the billet without the need for manual placement of the punching cylinder on the billet. This not only improves punching efficiency but also avoids workers being burned by flying iron sparks during the punching process. In this invention, a plurality of threaded rods are fixed to the top of the fixing ring, a third gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixing plate, a sliding block is fixed inside the third gear, and the sliding block slides with the thread on one of the threaded rods, a second gear is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor, and a spur gear ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the nut block; the drive motor drives the second gear to rotate, the second gear and the spur gear ring cooperate to drive the nut block to rotate in the opposite direction, drive the push column to move down and reset, and the second gear drives the third gear to rotate, the sliding block on the inner wall of the third gear slides with the thread on the threaded rod, and then the third gear drives the threaded rod to move up, pushing the blank upward, so that the workers can take out the blank with pliers and perform subsequent processing later; In this invention, during the upsetting process, the forging hammer rotates the forging table through the cooperation of the rack and the first gear, ensuring uniform force on the billet and improving forging quality. In the punching stage, an electromagnet controls the first pin, enabling the push column to move automatically upwards, working in conjunction with the forging hammer to complete the punching. This eliminates the need for manual placement of the punching cylinder, improving efficiency and preventing worker burns. After forging, the drive motor drives the threaded rod upwards, easily lifting the billet for easy removal by workers for subsequent processing. Overall, this device effectively solves the problems in traditional forging, improves the manufacturing quality and efficiency of hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors, and ensures production safety. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector forging device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors provided by the present invention. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the rack, drive shaft, and bevel gear ring of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector forging device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the forging hammer and filling block of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector forging device provided by the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the clamping plate and slide bar of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connecting forging device provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the rotating ring of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector forging device provided by the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the rotating ring, the fixing plate, and the fixing ring of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector forging device provided by the present invention. Figure 8This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the fixing plate, fixing ring and third gear of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connecting forging device provided by the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view of the fixing plate and the first pin of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connecting forging device provided by the present invention. Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the second pin and the second electromagnet of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connecting forging device provided by the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. Forging hammer; 5. Rotating ring; 6. Forging table; 7. Bearing plate; 8. Fixed rod; 9. First tension spring; 10. Rack; 11. Drive shaft; 12. One-way bearing; 13. First gear; 14. Bevel gear; 15. Bevel ring; 16. Fixed seat; 17. Slide rod; 18. Clamping plate; 19. Second tension spring; 20. Relief groove; 21. Fixed plate; 22. Push column 23. Nut block; 24. First circular groove; 25. First pin; 26. First electromagnet; 27. First pin groove; 28. Spur gear ring; 29. ​​Drive motor; 30. Second gear; 31. Threaded rod; 32. Retaining ring; 33. Third gear; 34. Mounting groove; 35. Electric push rod; 36. Filler block; 37. Second circular groove; 38. Second pin; 39. Spring; 40. Second electromagnet; 41. Second pin groove. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0019] In one embodiment, the manufacturing process of the hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector includes the following steps: S1. Heat Treatment: Cut the billet from bar stock or ingot according to the flange specifications. Heat the billet to the forging temperature; for carbon steel, the forging temperature is approximately 1100-1200℃; for alloy steel, the forging temperature is higher. During the heating process, strict control of temperature uniformity is required to avoid overheating (leading to coarse grains) or underheating (causing forging cracks). For example, a resistance furnace can be used for heating, and by reasonably setting the heating power and heating time, the overall temperature of the billet can be ensured to be uniform. Simultaneously, a temperature sensor can be used to monitor the billet temperature in real time during the heating process, and the heating parameters can be adjusted based on the monitoring results. S2. Upsetting and Punching: The heated billet is placed on the forging table 6 of the forging device for upsetting, reducing the billet height and increasing the diameter. Punching is then performed to form a center hole, and the wall thickness is adjusted by drawing. During upsetting and punching, the forging hammer 4 of the forging device applies forging force to the billet, while the drive structure drives the billet to rotate, ensuring uniform stress distribution and avoiding localized stress concentration. S3. Pre-forging: The processed billet is forged into its initial shape to remove oxide scale. During pre-forging, the forging hammer forges the billet with appropriate force and frequency, gradually shaping the billet into its approximate form while removing surface oxide scale, thus improving the quality of subsequent forging. S4. Final Forging: Precisely forming the flange geometry, including the face plate, bolt hole bosses, etc. During final forging, forging parameters such as forging force and forging speed must be strictly controlled to ensure the flange's dimensional accuracy and shape meet design requirements. For example, for flanges conforming to ANSI or DIN standards, parameters such as face plate diameter, bolt hole diameter, and hole spacing must be precisely controlled. S5. Heat Treatment: Based on the flange's material and performance requirements, select an appropriate heat treatment process to eliminate forging stress and homogenize the microstructure. For ordinary flanges, normalizing or annealing can be used; for high-strength flanges, quenching and tempering are required to improve their hardness and toughness; for stainless steel flanges, solution treatment enhances their corrosion resistance. For example, for high-strength alloy steel flanges, the quenching temperature can be controlled at 850-900℃, held for a certain time, then water-quenched or oil-quenched, followed by tempering. The tempering temperature is determined according to the required hardness, generally between 500-650℃. S6. Machining: After heat treatment, the flange undergoes machining operations such as turning the sealing surface, outer diameter, and bolt holes to ensure dimensions meet standard requirements. During drilling, hole spacing accuracy must be guaranteed to avoid leakage risks. For example, CNC machine tools can be used for machining, with pre-programmed machining parameters to achieve high-precision processing.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-9 The hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector forging device is used in the above-mentioned hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connector manufacturing process for upsetting and punching the billet. It includes components such as base 1, frame 2, hydraulic cylinder 3, forging hammer 4, rotating ring 5, forging table 6, drive structure, punching structure and top pushing structure.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The base 1 serves as the foundation of the entire forging device, providing stable support. A frame 2 is fixed to the top of the base 1 via support rods, providing mounting positions for the hydraulic cylinder 3 and the forging hammer 4. The hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly inserted within the frame 2, and its output shaft is fixedly connected to the forging hammer 4. The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 3 drives the forging hammer 4 to move up and down, thus forging the billet.

[0022] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rotating ring 5 is rotatably connected to the top of the base 1, and the forging table 6 is fixed to the top of the rotating ring 5 for placing the billet. During the forging process, the rotating ring 5 drives the forging table 6 and the billet to rotate, so that the billet can be evenly subjected to the forging force of the forging hammer 4.

[0023] Reference Figures 2-4 The drive structure is used to drive the billet to rotate, so that it is uniformly forged by the forging hammer 4. The drive structure includes a bevel-toothed ring 15 fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating ring 5 and a bearing plate 7 disposed between the base 1 and the frame 2. Specifically, the fixing rod 8 is fixed to the bottom of the frame 2, and the bearing plate 7 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixing rod 8 and located above the forging hammer 4. When the forging hammer 4 moves upward, it pushes the bearing plate 7 to move synchronously; when the forging hammer 4 loses its thrust, the first tension spring 9 drives the bearing plate 7 to move downward and reset. The elastic coefficient of the first tension spring 9 is in the range of 50-100 N / mm, and its length is determined according to the actual installation space and the stroke of the bearing plate 7. Generally, the initial length is between 100-200 mm, which can be adjusted as needed. A rack 10 is fixed on one side of the bearing plate 7, and one end of the rack 10 slides into the base 1. A drive shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the top of the base 1 via a base. One end of the drive shaft 11 is fixed with a bevel gear 14 that meshes with a bevel ring 15, and the other end is fitted with a one-way bearing 12. The inner ring of the one-way bearing 12 is fixed to the outer wall of the drive shaft 11, and the outer ring is fixedly fitted with a first gear 13, which meshes with a rack 10.

[0024] During the forging process, the forging hammer 4 drives the rack 10 upward via the bearing plate 7, and the rack 10 drives the first gear 13 to rotate. Due to the action of the one-way bearing 12, the first gear 13 drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate in one direction via the one-way bearing 12. The drive shaft 11 drives the forging table 6 and the rotating ring 5 to rotate through the meshing of the bevel gear 14 and the bevel ring 15, thereby causing the billet to rotate a certain angle after each forging, achieving uniform forging.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 The punching structure is used to drill a hole in the center of the blank, and the driving structure is used to drive the punching structure to operate. The punching structure includes a push column 22 that slides through the forging table 6, and the bottom end of the push column 22 is slidably compressed into the base 1. A fixing plate 21 sleeved on the outer wall of the push column 22 is fixed inside the rotating ring 5.

[0026] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 Specifically, the bottom of the fixing plate 21 has a rotating nut block 23, and the outer wall of the push column 22 is threaded, with the nut block 23 threadedly fitted onto the outer wall of the push column 22. The bottom of the fixing plate 21 has multiple first circular grooves 24, with a first pin 25 slidably connected within each groove. A first electromagnet 26 is fixedly embedded in the inner top wall of the first circular groove 24, and an iron block is fixedly embedded in the top of the first pin 25. When the first electromagnet 26 is de-energized, it loses its magnetic attraction to the first pin 25, causing the first pin 25 to move downwards under gravity. As the forging hammer 4 continuously forges, the fixing plate 21 drives the first pin 25 to rotate until the first pin 25 aligns with and inserts into the first pin groove 27 at the top of the nut block 23, at which point the fixing plate 21 and the nut block 23 are fixed. The fixing plate 21 drives the nut block 23 to rotate, and the nut block 23 is threadedly connected to the push column 22. Rotating the nut block 23 drives the push column 22 to move upwards, thus pushing the billet upwards. Then, the forging hammer 4 forges the lifted billet again, and punches holes in the billet under the action of the forging hammer 4 and the push column 22.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The jacking structure is used to remove the pushing column 22 from the billet and lift the billet upwards, facilitating subsequent billet removal. The jacking structure includes a fixed ring 32 that slides within the rotating ring 5, and the fixed ring 32 is located below the fixed plate 21. Multiple threaded rods 31 are fixed to the top of the fixed ring 32, and the top ends of the threaded rods 31 sequentially pass through the fixed plate 21 and the forging table 6, used to lift the billet upwards.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 A third gear 33 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed plate 21. The third gear 33 is sleeved on the outer wall of one of the threaded rods 31, and a sliding block is fixed inside the third gear 33. The sliding block slides in contact with the threads on the threaded rod 31. A drive motor 29 is fixed to the top of the fixed plate 21. The output shaft of the drive motor 29 rotates through the fixed plate 21 and is fixed with a second gear 30. The second gear 30 meshes with the third gear 33 and is used to drive the threaded rod 31 to move upward. A spur gear ring 28 is sleeved on the outer wall of the nut block 23. The spur gear ring 28 meshes with the second gear 30 and is used to drive the push column 22 to move downward, reset, and leave the blank.

[0029] After punching is completed, the first electromagnet 26 is energized, causing the first pin 25 to move upward, disengaging it from the first pin groove 27. The drive motor 29 drives the second gear 30 to rotate, which, in conjunction with the spur ring 28, drives the nut block 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the push column 22 to move downward and reset. Simultaneously, the second gear 30 drives the third gear 33 to rotate. The sliding block on the inner wall of the third gear 33 slides against the threaded rod 31, causing the third gear 33 to move the threaded rod 31 upward, pushing the blank upward so that workers can easily remove it using pliers for subsequent processing.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 Multiple fixed seats 16 are fixed to the top of the forging table 6. A sliding rod 17 slides through the fixed seat 16. A clamping plate 18 is fixed to the side of the sliding rod 17 near the billet for clamping the billet. A second tension spring 19 is fixed to the side of the fixed seat 16 away from the clamping plate 18 via a spring seat 39. The end of the second tension spring 19 away from the fixed seat 16 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 17 via the spring seat 39, and the second tension spring 19 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sliding rod 17. The elastic coefficient of the second tension spring 19 is in the range of 30-80 N / mm, and the length is determined according to the actual installation requirements, generally with an initial length between 80-150 mm. During the upsetting and punching process of the billet, the billet becomes thinner and the diameter increases. The clamping plate 18 moves outward under the action of the billet until the clamping plate 18 is housed in the relief groove 20. The fixed seat 16 has a relief groove 20 on the side near the clamping plate 18 for housing the clamping plate 18.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The forging hammer 4 has a mounting groove 34 at its bottom. Multiple electric push rods 35 are fixed to the inner top wall of the mounting groove 34. The output shaft of each electric push rod 35 is fixed to a single filler block 36, which slides within the mounting groove 34. During the punching process, when the push column 22 is about to penetrate the blank, the output shaft of the electric push rod 35 drives the filler block 36 to be retracted into the mounting groove 34. This allows the forging hammer 4 and push column 22 to make way for the push column 22 during punching, preventing interference between them.

[0032] Reference Figure 9 A ring is fixed to the bottom of the fixing plate 21, and the top of the nut block 23 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the ring, providing stable support for the nut block 23. The top of the base 1 is provided with a protective shell to protect the bevel ring 15, bevel gear 14, rack 10 and first gear 13, so as to prevent external dust from affecting their operation and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0033] In another embodiment: Refer to Figure 10The outer wall of the nut block 23 has multiple second circular grooves 37, and a second pin 38 is slidably disposed within each second circular groove 37. The inner wall of the spur ring 28 has multiple second pin slots 41, and the second pin slots 41 are engaged with the second pin 38, allowing the nut block 23 to drive the spur ring 28 to rotate via the second pin 38. A spring 39 is fixed to the side of the second pin 38 away from the second pin slot 41 via a spring 39 seat, and one end of the spring 39 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the second circular groove 37 via the spring 39 seat. A second electromagnet 40 is fixed to the inner wall of one side of the second circular groove 37, and a sheet metal layer is fixedly embedded at the end of the second pin 38 near the second electromagnet 40. When the second electromagnet 40 is energized, it generates a magnetic attraction force on the second pin 38, causing the second pin 38 to retract into the second circular groove 37 and compressing the spring 39, thus disengaging the nut block 23 from the spur ring 28. At this time, the drive motor 29 drives the second gear 30 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the second gear 30 drives the third gear 33 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the threaded rod 31 to move down and reset. The elastic coefficient of the spring 39 is in the range of 20-60 N / mm, and its length is determined according to the stroke of the second pin 38 and the installation space, and the initial length is generally between 50-100 mm.

[0034] The method of using the forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors includes the following steps: S1. When forging the flange, the billet heated to the forging temperature is placed on the top of the forging table 6. Multiple clamping plates 18 clamp the billet under the tension of the second tension spring 19. At this time, the billet is located at the center of the forging table 6. Then, the forging hammer 4 is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 3 to move down and reciprocate to forge the billet. After the forging hammer 4 moves down to forge, it moves up to reset. The forging hammer 4 drives the rack 10 to move up through the bearing plate 7. The rack 10 drives the first gear 13 to rotate. The first gear 13 drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate in one direction through the one-way bearing 12. The drive shaft 11 drives the forging table 6 and the rotating ring 5 to rotate through the meshing of the bevel gear 14 and the bevel ring 15. After the forging hammer 4 completes one forging of the billet, the billet rotates a certain angle under the action of the forging table 6. The forging hammer 4 can apply forging force to the top of the billet evenly, thereby completing the upsetting operation of the billet. S2. After upsetting, the billet needs to be punched. Specifically, the first electromagnet 26 is de-energized, releasing the magnetic attraction to the first pin 25. The first pin 25 moves down under gravity. As the forging hammer 4 continues to forge, the fixing plate 21 drives the first pin 25 to rotate until the first pin 25 is aligned with the first pin groove 27 and inserted into the first pin groove 27. At this time, the fixing plate 21 is fixed to the nut block 23. The fixing plate 21 drives the nut block 23 to rotate. The nut block 23 is threadedly connected to the push column 22. Rotating the nut block 23 drives the push column 22 to move upward and push the billet upward. Then the forging hammer 4 forges the lifted billet again. The forging hammer 4 and the push column 22 can punch the billet. S3. During the punching process, when the push column 22 is about to penetrate the blank, the output shaft of the electric push rod 35 drives the filling block 36 to be stored in the mounting groove 34. During the punching process of the forging hammer 4 and the push column 22, the push column 22 is given a clearance to avoid interference between the forging hammer 4 and the push column 22 during the punching process. S4. During the upsetting and punching process of the billet, the billet becomes thinner and the diameter increases, while the clamping plate 18 moves outward under the action of the billet until the clamping plate 18 is housed in the relief groove 20. S5. After punching, the push column 22 needs to be pulled out of the blank. At this time, the first electromagnet 26 is energized and drives the first pin 25 to move upward. The first pin 25 disengages from the first pin groove 27. The drive motor 29 drives the second gear 30 to rotate. The second gear 30 cooperates with the spur ring 28 to drive the nut block 23 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the push column 22 to move downward and reset. The second gear 30 drives the third gear 33 to rotate. The sliding block on the inner wall of the third gear 33 slides with the thread on the threaded rod 31. Then the third gear 33 drives the threaded rod 31 to move upward, pushing the blank upward, so that the workers can take out the blank with pliers and perform subsequent processing. S6. After the blank is removed, the threaded rod 31 needs to be moved down and reset to facilitate the subsequent processing of the blank. At this time, the second electromagnet 40 is energized, and the second electromagnet 40 generates a magnetic attraction force on the second pin 38, which retracts the second pin 38 into the second circular groove 37 and squeezes the spring 39. The nut block 23 and the straight tooth ring 28 are disengaged. The drive motor 29 drives the second gear 30 to rotate in the opposite direction. The second gear 30 drives the third gear 33 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby enabling the threaded rod 31 to move down and reset.

[0035] It should be noted that the working principles and wiring methods of the second electromagnet 40, drive motor 29, first electromagnet 26, electric push rod 35, and hydraulic cylinder 3 are conventional technical contents commonly known to those skilled in the art and are considered common knowledge. Therefore, this patent will not elaborate on these contents in detail. Those skilled in the art can flexibly select and match these components according to the needs of actual application scenarios or from the perspective of ease of operation.

[0036] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has a rotating ring (5) rotatably connected to its top, and a forging table (6) is fixed to the top of the rotating ring (5). The frame (2) is fixed to the top of the base (1) by a support rod. A hydraulic cylinder (3) is fixed inside the frame (2). The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (3) is connected to a forging hammer (4) for forging the billet on the forging table (6). The drive structure, mounted on the base (1), includes a bevel ring (15) fixed to the outer wall of the rotating ring (5), a bearing plate (7) of the slidingly connected frame (2), and a transmission assembly meshing with the bevel ring (15); the drive structure includes: A fixed rod (8) is vertically fixed to the bottom of the frame (2), and the bearing plate (7) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the fixed rod (8); a rack (10) is fixed to the side of the bearing plate (7) and extends into the base (1); a drive shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the base (1), and one end of it is fixed with a bevel gear (14) that meshes with the bevel ring (15); a one-way bearing (12) has its inner ring fixed to the outer wall of the drive shaft (11); a first gear (13) is fixed to the outer ring of the one-way bearing (12) and meshes with the rack (10); and a first tension spring (9) has its two ends connected to the bearing plate (7) and the fixed rod (8) respectively. Among them, the forging hammer (4) moves upward to push the bearing plate (7) and the rack (10) to move upward, driving the first gear (13) to drive the drive shaft (11) to rotate in one direction via the one-way bearing (12), so that the rotating ring (5) rotates by a predetermined angle; The punching structure includes a push column (22) that slides through the forging table (6) and a nut block (23) rotatably connected to the rotating ring (5), wherein the nut block (23) is threaded onto the outer wall of the push column (22); the punching structure further includes: A fixed plate (21) is fixed inside the rotating ring (5) and sleeved with a push column (22); a plurality of first circular grooves (24) are provided at the bottom of the fixed plate (21), and a first pin (25) is slidably provided inside them; a first electromagnet (26) is embedded in the inner wall of the top of the first circular groove (24) for attracting the first pin (25); a plurality of first pin grooves (27) are provided at the top of the nut block (23); When the first electromagnet (26) is de-energized, the first pin (25) falls down and, when the rotating ring (5) rotates to the predetermined position, inserts into the first pin groove (27), causing the fixing plate (21) to drive the nut block (23) to rotate. When the nut block (23) rotates, the threaded drive push column (22) moves upward to push the billet, and the forging hammer (4) presses down on the billet and cooperates with the push column (22) to complete the punching; It also includes a pusher structure: A fixed ring (32) is slidably connected to a rotating ring (5); multiple threaded rods (31) have their top ends passing through a fixed plate (21) and a forging table (6), and their bottom ends fixed to the fixed ring (32); a third gear (33) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed plate (21), and its inner wall sliding block is threadedly engaged with a threaded rod (31); a drive motor (29) is fixed to the top of the fixed plate (21); a second gear (30) is fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor (29) and meshes with the third gear (33); a spur ring (28) is sleeved on the outer wall of the nut block (23) and meshes with the second gear (30); When the first electromagnet (26) is energized, the first pin (25) disengages from the first pin groove (27), and the drive motor (29) drives the second gear (30) to reverse, which in turn drives the spur ring (28) to drive the nut block (23) to reverse, causing the push column (22) to move down and reset. At the same time, the second gear (30) synchronously drives the third gear (33) to drive the threaded rod (31) to move up and lift the blank. The drive structure responds to the upward movement of the forging hammer (4) and drives the rotating ring (5) to rotate the billet to achieve uniform upsetting; the punching structure drives the push column (22) to move upward through the rotation of the nut block (23), and cooperates with the downward pressure of the forging hammer (4) to complete the punching. A clutch assembly is provided between the nut block (23) and the spur gear ring (28): Multiple second circular grooves (37) are provided on the outer wall of the nut block (23); a second pin (38) is slidably provided in the second circular groove (37); a spring (39) connects the second pin (38) and the inner wall of the second circular groove (37); a second electromagnet (40) is fixed to the inner wall of the second circular groove (37); multiple second pin slots (41) are provided on the inner wall of the straight tooth ring (28); When the second electromagnet (40) is energized, it attracts the second pin (38) and disengages it from the second pin groove (41), causing the nut block (23) to disconnect from the spur ring (28) during transmission.

2. The forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes clamping components: Multiple fixed seats (16) are fixed to the top of the forging table (6); a slide rod (17) slides through the fixed seat (16); a clamping plate (18) is fixed to one end of the slide rod (17) near the blank; a second tension spring (19) is sleeved on the outer wall of the slide rod (17), and its two ends are respectively connected to the fixed seat (16) and the slide rod (17); a relief groove (20) is provided on the side of the fixed seat (16); During the upsetting and expansion of the billet, the clamping plate (18) is pushed into the relief groove (20).

3. The forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the forging hammer (4) is provided with: Mounting slot (34); multiple electric push rods (35) fixed to the top of mounting slot (34); filling block (36) fixed to the output end of electric push rod (35) and sliding in mounting slot (34); During punching, the electric push rod (35) retracts the filling block (36) to avoid the push column (22).

4. The forging device for hollow variable cross-section hydraulic cylinder connectors according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the drive motor (29) drives the second gear (30) to rotate in the forward direction, the second electromagnet (40) is de-energized, and the spring (39) pushes the second pin (38) to insert into the second pin groove (41) so that the nut block (23) engages with the straight gear ring (28).

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