A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function

Abstract

This invention discloses a laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling functions, including a fixed plate, a rotating shaft mounted on the fixed plate, a rotating U-axis connected to the rotating shaft, and an execution body connected to the end of the rotating U-axis away from the rotating shaft. A dust extraction connection chamber is provided on one side of the upper end of the execution body. The dust extraction connection chamber includes a chamber box, which has an interface for external dust extraction equipment and a pipe interface. Side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices are provided on both sides of the dust extraction connection chamber. The side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices are installed on the execution body and cooperate with the dust extraction connection chamber to achieve dust extraction. The output end of the execution body is connected to the laser cutting head. A left laser head cooling component is provided on one side of the laser cutting head, and a right laser head cooling component is provided on the opposite side of the left laser head cooling component. The beneficial effect is that the dust extraction system is directly integrated into the cutting head body, which completely changes the traditional mode of laser cutting equipment that requires independent arrangement and connection of a large number of pipes and equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting machine technology, and in particular relates to a laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling functions. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of laser cutting technology, its application fields have gradually expanded to multiple industries such as manufacturing, electronics, and aerospace. Laser cutting, due to its advantages such as high precision, non-contact operation, and minimal heat-affected zone, has become an important means of modern cutting technology. However, in practical applications, the working environment and cutting effect of the laser cutting head are often affected by the following two main problems: first, the pollution of the cutting head and operating environment by the fumes generated during the cutting process; and second, the overheating problem of the laser cutting head itself due to prolonged operation. These two problems not only affect cutting accuracy and quality but may also affect the health of operators and increase equipment maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of traditional laser cutting systems, which typically focus solely on the cutting function while lacking effective solutions for fume extraction and equipment cooling. Fume generation leads to contamination of the laser head and sensor surfaces, affecting laser transmission accuracy and cutting quality. It also increases the concentration of harmful substances in the air, jeopardizing operator health. Existing dust extraction devices often suffer from "dust blind spots," failing to completely cover the fume diffusion range and allowing it to spread throughout the workshop or work environment. Furthermore, due to the high-temperature load on the laser head during laser cutting, overheating often leads to decreased cutting accuracy and even equipment malfunction, affecting the continuity and stability of production.

[0004] This invention achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function includes a fixed plate, on which a rotating shaft is mounted, and a rotating U-axis connected to the rotating shaft. An execution body is connected to the end of the rotating U-axis away from the rotating shaft. A dust extraction connection chamber is provided on one side of the upper end of the execution body. The dust extraction connection chamber includes a chamber box, on which an external dust extraction device interface and a pipe interface are provided. Side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices are provided on both sides of the dust extraction connection chamber. The side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices are mounted on the execution body and cooperate with the dust extraction connection chamber to achieve dust extraction. A laser cutting head is connected to the output end of the execution body. A left laser head cooling component is provided on one side of the laser cutting head, and a right laser head cooling component is provided opposite to the left laser head cooling component. Through the combination structure of "rotating shaft + rotating U-axis", the execution body and laser... The flexible angle / position adjustment of the cutting head can adapt to the cutting needs of workpieces of different sizes and shapes, avoiding cutting blind spots caused by workpiece placement restrictions. The dust extraction system (dust extraction connection chamber + dual-wing dust extraction device) and the cooling system (dual-sided laser head cooling components) are integrated into the cutting head body, eliminating the need for separate dust extraction and cooling equipment, simplifying the overall structure, saving installation space, and reducing equipment investment costs. The dual-wing dust extraction device covers the dust generation area from both sides, and together with the dust extraction connection chamber, it achieves centralized dust extraction, reducing the spread of dust and pollution to the health of operators and surrounding equipment. The dual-sided cooling components are symmetrically arranged to achieve all-round cooling of the laser cutting head, avoiding unstable laser output caused by local overheating. It simultaneously solves the two core problems in laser cutting: "dust obstructing the laser" and "equipment overheating drift", ensuring laser transmission accuracy, reducing cutting burrs and slag accumulation, improving cut smoothness, and avoiding shutdown due to equipment overheating, thus extending continuous operation time.

[0005] Furthermore, the side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device includes an upper fixed plate, on which a first rotating motor is mounted. The output end of the first rotating motor is connected to a lead screw. A movable nut adapted to the lead screw is sleeved on the outer side of the lead screw. A guide rod is fitted on one side of the movable nut. The two ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the upper and lower fixed plates, respectively. A second rotating motor is mounted on the movable nut. The output end of the second rotating motor is connected to a rotating dust extraction plate. The first rotating motor drives the lead screw to rotate, which can drive the movable nut to rise and fall stably along the guide rod, realizing the height adjustment of the rotating dust extraction plate. This adapts to the cutting conditions of workpieces of different thicknesses. The second rotating motor can drive the rotating dust extraction plate to rotate flexibly and precisely adjust the dust extraction angle, ensuring that the dust extraction area covers the range of dust generated by laser cutting. Through the drive of the lead screw by the first rotating motor, the movable nut is driven to rise and fall stably along the guide rod. The height of the rotating dust extraction plate is adjustable, allowing for flexible adjustment of the dust extraction distance based on workpiece thickness (from thin to thick plates). This ensures the optimal adsorption distance between the dust-generating area and the dust collection holes. A second rotating motor drives the rotating dust extraction plate to rotate flexibly, adjusting the dust extraction angle in real time according to the laser cutting path (straight lines, curves, and irregular trajectories). This ensures the dust collection area always covers the dust diffusion range, solving the "dust extraction dead zone" problem of traditional fixed dust extraction devices. The coordinated design of the guide rod and lead screw prevents offset and shaking during the lifting and lowering of the moving nut, ensuring smooth lifting and lowering of the rotating dust extraction plate and improving dust extraction position accuracy. The dual motors are independently controlled, allowing for flexible operation. Lifting or rotation parameters can be adjusted individually according to working conditions, adapting to complex cutting scenarios. Through dual-dimensional adjustment of "height + angle," the dust extraction device is always in optimal working condition, improving dust adsorption efficiency by more than 30% compared to fixed dust extraction structures, reducing dust escape, and lowering subsequent cleaning costs.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotating dust extraction plate has a dust extraction chamber inside, and its surface has several dust removal holes that communicate with the dust extraction chamber. A connecting pipe is also connected to the rotating dust extraction plate; one end of the connecting pipe communicates with the dust extraction chamber, and the other end is adapted to connect with the pipe interface of the dust extraction connection compartment. This structure, combined with the lifting and rotating functions of the side-wing lifting rotating dust extraction device, allows the dust removal holes to be closer to the dust generation areas under different working conditions. Combined with the centralized dust extraction chamber, this improves the accuracy of dust collection and also helps to reduce the ambient temperature around the laser cutting head by quickly removing high-temperature dust, forming a synergistic cooling effect with the cooling device. The multiple dust removal holes on the rotating dust extraction plate directly... Facing the source of smoke and dust, and with the "lifting + rotating" function, the dust removal hole can be closely fitted to the smoke and dust area, avoiding the decrease in collection efficiency caused by the reduction in concentration during the diffusion of smoke and dust. The centralized design of the dust extraction chamber reduces the resistance of smoke and dust transmission and improves the extraction speed. When high-temperature smoke and dust are quickly extracted, the radiant heat around the laser cutting head can be removed, forming a synergistic effect of "active cooling + passive heat dissipation" with the cooling components, further reducing the working environment temperature of the laser cutting head and alleviating the load on the cooling system. Centralized dust extraction can prevent smoke and dust from adhering to the surface of precision components such as optical lenses and sensors of the laser cutting head, reducing laser attenuation and refraction deviation caused by lens contamination, extending the service life of optical components, and reducing maintenance frequency and costs.

[0007] Furthermore, the laser cutting head is equipped with two laser head cooling assemblies. The left laser head cooling assembly includes a cooling pipe connecting block connected to the execution body, which is connected to a laser head cooling device sleeved on the outside of the laser head. The lower end of the laser head cooling device is equipped with a cooling device water receiving box for collecting accumulated liquid, and a corresponding local jet cooling device is provided at the end of the laser head. The left laser head cooling assembly and the right laser head cooling assembly have the same structure, and the left and right laser head cooling assemblies are symmetrically arranged to cool the laser cutting head simultaneously from both sides, avoiding the "temperature difference stress" caused by unilateral cooling. To prevent deformation of the laser cutting head due to uneven temperature, ensure the stability of the laser transmission path, and improve cutting accuracy, the laser head cooling device (coolant circulation) and the laser head local jet cooling device (airflow cooling) are combined to form a dual cooling mode of "contact heat exchange + non-contact airflow cooling". This can quickly remove heat from the laser cutting head (especially the core working area), and the cooling efficiency is more than 50% higher than that of a single cooling method. The cooling device's water collection box is specially designed to collect condensate or a small amount of leaked coolant, preventing liquid from dripping onto the workpiece surface and causing cutting quality defects. At the same time, it prevents liquid from corroding the metal parts of the laser cutting head and extends the equipment's lifespan.

[0008] Furthermore, the cooling pipe connecting block includes a fixing block with multiple inlay holes. The fixing block is also equipped with a coolant inlet pipe and a coolant outlet pipe. A fixing connecting rod is connected to the lower end of the fixing block for fixed connection with the laser head cooling device. The fixing block achieves precise positioning and assembly with the execution body through the inlay holes. The fixing connecting rod ensures a firm connection between the cooling pipe connecting block and the laser head cooling device, preventing components from loosening or falling off due to high-speed movement or vibration of the laser cutting head. The coolant inlet pipe and outlet pipe are independently set, forming a unidirectional circulation channel, avoiding a decrease in cooling efficiency caused by coolant backflow and mixing. The pipe layout is reasonable, with low flow resistance, ensuring stable coolant flow rate and achieving continuous and efficient heat exchange.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser head cooling device includes a semi-circular fixing plate with U-shaped condenser tubes arranged on it. A coolant inlet is located at the upper end of the semi-circular fixing plate, and a coolant outlet is located at the opposite end. The coolant inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the two ends of the U-shaped condenser tubes. The coolant is first transported through the coolant inlet pipe of the cooling pipe connecting block, and then enters the U-shaped condenser tube of the laser head cooling device through the coolant inlet. As the coolant flows within the U-shaped condenser tube, it exchanges heat with the laser head to achieve cooling. After heat exchange, the coolant flows out through the coolant outlet and finally returns to the cooling system through the coolant outlet pipe of the cooling pipe connecting block, forming a complete circulation process. The semi-circular fixing plate fits against the outer wall of the laser cutting head, and the U-shaped condenser tubes are arranged on the fixing plate. The plate design increases the contact area between the coolant and the laser cutting head, while the U-shaped structure extends the coolant flow path, improving heat exchange efficiency and quickly reducing the temperature of the core area of ​​the laser cutting head. The coolant is recycled in a closed loop through the inlet / outlet connectors, eliminating the need for frequent coolant replenishment and saving consumable costs. The circulation process is leak-free (with a sealed structure), preventing coolant waste and environmental pollution. The semi-circular structure is precisely adapted to the shape of the laser cutting head, without affecting laser emission and cutting operations. The compact layout of the condenser tubes prevents movement interference with the dust extraction device and adjustment mechanism, ensuring smooth overall equipment operation. Continuous coolant circulation maintains a constant laser cutting head temperature, preventing laser wavelength drift and focusing deviation caused by temperature fluctuations, ensuring long-term stable cutting accuracy, especially suitable for high-precision, long-term continuous cutting scenarios.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling device's water receiving box includes a U-shaped box adapted to the laser head cooling device. A water storage tank is provided inside the U-shaped box, and a condensate adsorption pipe connected to the water storage tank is mounted on the U-shaped box. When condensate is generated during the operation of the laser head cooling device, or when a small amount of coolant leaks, the accumulated liquid will flow down the outer wall of the laser head cooling device. The U-shaped box, with its matching shape, will collect the accumulated liquid. The collected liquid will flow into the water storage tank inside the U-shaped box for temporary storage. Finally, the liquid in the water storage tank will be adsorbed and collected or directed through the condensate adsorption pipe connected to it. The system features an outflow mechanism for the orderly collection of accumulated liquid. The U-shaped box perfectly matches the shape of the laser head cooling device, allowing for comprehensive collection of condensate or leaking coolant from both sides and below, preventing leakage. A water storage tank temporarily stores the accumulated liquid, preventing direct exposure and evaporation or overflow. The condensate adsorption tube enables directional outflow or adsorption collection of the accumulated liquid. These two methods flexibly adapt to different working conditions, keeping the work area clean and completely solving the problem of liquid dripping onto the workpiece surface, preventing workpiece corrosion and reduced cutting quality caused by liquid accumulation. Simultaneously, it prevents liquid from contacting the electrical components of the laser cutting head, reducing the risk of short circuits and corrosion.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser head localized jet cooling device includes a semi-circular box adapted to the end of the laser head. An air supply pipe is connected to the semi-circular box, and multiple cold air nozzles connected to the air supply pipe are arranged on the bottom side of the semi-circular box. The airflow from an external cooling air source is first delivered to the cavity of the semi-circular box through the air supply pipe. After the airflow is collected and evenly distributed within the cavity, it is directionally sprayed onto the end region of the laser head through the multiple cold air nozzles arranged on the bottom side of the semi-circular box, thereby achieving precise airflow cooling of the localized working area of ​​the laser head. The semi-circular box is adapted to the end of the laser cutting head (nozzle area), and multiple cold air nozzles... The nozzles are evenly distributed along the bottom side, allowing for the directional spraying of cooling airflow to the most heat-prone working end of the laser cutting head. This achieves "targeted cooling," avoiding energy waste caused by ineffective cooling. The directional airflow can also disperse any residual dust around the laser cutting head end, reducing dust adhesion to the nozzle surface and preventing unstable cutting airflow caused by nozzle blockage or contamination. Airflow cooling requires no heat exchange process and has a fast response speed. It can quickly cool down the laser cutting head when it heats up rapidly in a short time (such as during high-speed cutting of thick plates), compensating for the lag in the cooling response of the coolant circulation system and forming a composite cooling system of "slow response + fast response."

[0012] Furthermore, the laser head includes an optical adjustment base, a connecting adjustment cylinder, a sensor module, and a nozzle assembly assembled in sequence. The nozzle assembly is equipped with a condensate collection structure, which includes an annular water collection groove and a water inlet connected to the water collection groove. The condensate collection structure of the nozzle assembly is specifically designed to collect condensate generated at the end, preventing condensate from dripping into the workpiece or the inside of the nozzle, protecting the airflow channel of the nozzle, and preventing turbulence in the cutting airflow caused by water droplets.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the water receiving tank is provided with a downwardly sloping guide slope, and there are at least two water inlets evenly distributed along the circumference of the water receiving tank. A guide pipe is connected to each water inlet, and the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the water storage tank of the cooling device's water receiving box. The downwardly sloping guide slope on the inner wall of the water receiving tank can guide the condensate to flow quickly to the water inlet, avoiding the accumulation of liquid in the water receiving tank, the growth of scale, or the corrosion of the tank body, thus extending the service life of the water receiving structure.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The combined structure of "rotating axis + rotating U-axis" gives the cutting head six degrees of freedom (or close to six degrees of freedom) of motion, enabling it to approach complex-shaped workpieces at any angle and position, completely eliminating cutting blind spots. It can not only process more complex and irregular parts, but also greatly improve production efficiency and equipment utilization by reducing the repositioning and adjustment time of workpieces. For high-difficulty tasks such as multi-angle cutting and three-dimensional curved surface cutting, this structure can significantly reduce the difficulty of operation and preparation time. 2. The dust extraction system (dust extraction connection chamber + dual-wing dust extraction device) and cooling system (dual-sided laser head cooling components) are directly integrated into the cutting head body, completely changing the traditional laser cutting equipment model that requires independent layout and connection of numerous pipelines and devices. This integrated design simplifies the system structure, reduces installation space requirements, and lowers initial equipment investment and subsequent maintenance complexity. More importantly, efficient dust capture significantly improves the air quality in the working environment, protects the health of operators, and reduces dust pollution and wear on surrounding precision equipment, thereby reducing long-term operating and maintenance costs. 3. Dust and smoke obstructing the laser beam is a key factor affecting cutting quality. This system utilizes a "dual-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device" to efficiently capture dust at the moment of generation, closest to the source, preventing dust particles from scattering and absorbing the laser beam. This ensures that laser energy is precisely projected onto the workpiece surface, reducing burrs and slag buildup, and improving the smoothness and perpendicularity of the cut. Simultaneously, the symmetrically arranged "laser head cooling components" combined with "contact coolant circulation" and "local jet cooling" continuously and stably control the laser head temperature, preventing laser output power fluctuations, optical path drift, or lens thermal deformation caused by localized overheating. This ensures laser transmission accuracy and focusing stability, which is crucial for achieving high-precision, defect-free cutting. 4. The efficient cooling system maintains the laser cutting head's operating temperature within the optimal range, effectively preventing shutdowns due to overheating and extending continuous operation time, thus improving production efficiency. Furthermore, a consistently stable temperature environment significantly reduces thermal stress on precision components such as the laser, optical lenses, and sensors, slowing their aging process and extending the lifespan of these core components. The integrated dust extraction system effectively prevents dust from adhering to the surfaces of optical lenses and sensors, reducing laser attenuation caused by lens contamination and the frequency of cleaning, further lowering maintenance costs and extending the overall lifespan of the equipment. 5. The side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device, through independent first and second rotating motors, can achieve precise adjustment in two dimensions: height and angle. This means that the dust extraction device can make real-time, dynamic adaptive adjustments based on the workpiece thickness (adjusting height) and the cutting path (adjusting angle), ensuring it is always in the optimal position for dust adsorption. Combined with the laser head cooling device's composite cooling mode (slow response of coolant circulation + fast response of jet cooling), the entire system exhibits a high degree of intelligence and adaptability. It can automatically or semi-automatically optimize dust extraction and cooling parameters according to different cutting conditions (such as cutting material, thickness, speed, path, etc.), maximizing energy efficiency and achieving the best cutting results. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dust extraction connection chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating dust extraction plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side laser head cooling assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling pipe connecting block of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head cooling device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water receiving box of the cooling device of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the local jet cooling device for the laser head of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the laser cutting head of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the condensate water receiving structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1-Fixed plate, 2-Rotating shaft, 3-Rotating U-axis, 4-Actuating body, 5-Dust extraction connection chamber, 51-Bag box, 52-External dust extraction equipment interface, 53-Pipe interface, 6-Side wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device, 7-Laser cutting head, 8-Left side laser head cooling component, 9-Right side laser head cooling component, 61-Upper fixed plate, 62-First rotating motor, 63-Screw rod, 64-Moving nut, 65-Guide rod, 66-Lower fixed plate, 67-Second rotating motor, 68-Rotating dust extraction plate, 681-Dust extraction chamber, 682-Dust removal hole, 683-Connecting pipe, 81-Cooling pipe connecting block, 82-Laser head cooling device, 8 3-Cooling device water receiving box, 811-Fixing block, 812-Embedding hole, 813-Coolant inlet pipe, 814-Coolant outlet pipe, 815-Fixing connecting rod, 821-Semi-circular fixing plate, 822-U-shaped condenser tube, 823-Coolant inlet connection port, 824-Coolant outlet connection port, 831-U-shaped box body, 832-Water storage tank, 833-Condensate adsorption pipe, 841-Semi-circular box body, 842-Gas supply pipe, 843-Cold air nozzle, 71-Optical adjustment seat, 72-Connecting adjustment cylinder, 73-Sensor module, 74-Nozzle assembly, 741-Condensate water receiving structure, 7411-Water receiving tank, 7412-Water extraction port. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0018] Combination Figures 1-11 As shown, a laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function includes a fixed plate 1, a rotating shaft 2 mounted on the fixed plate 1, and a rotating U-shaft 3 connected to the rotating shaft 2. An execution body 4 is connected to the end of the rotating U-shaft 3 furthest from the rotating shaft 2. A dust extraction connection chamber 5 is provided on one side of the upper end of the execution body 4. The dust extraction connection chamber 5 includes a chamber box 51, with an external dust extraction equipment interface 52 and a pipe interface 53. Side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices 6 are provided on both sides of the dust extraction connection chamber 5. The side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices 6 are mounted on the execution body 4 and cooperate with the dust extraction connection chamber 5 to achieve dust extraction. A laser cutting head 7 is connected to the output end of the execution body 4. A left laser head cooling component 8 is provided on one side of the laser cutting head 7, and a right laser head cooling component 9 is provided opposite the left laser head cooling component 8. Through the combination structure of the "rotating shaft + rotating U-shaft", the execution body and the laser cutting head can be flexibly connected. Angle / position adjustment adapts to the cutting needs of workpieces of different sizes and shapes, avoiding cutting blind spots caused by workpiece placement limitations. The dust extraction system (dust extraction connection chamber + dual-wing dust extraction device) and cooling system (dual-sided laser head cooling components) are integrated into the cutting head body, eliminating the need for separate dust extraction and cooling equipment, simplifying the overall structure, saving installation space, and reducing equipment investment costs. The dual-wing dust extraction device covers the dust generation area from both sides, and together with the dust extraction connection chamber, achieves centralized dust extraction, reducing the spread of dust and pollution to the health of operators and surrounding equipment. The dual-sided cooling components are symmetrically arranged to achieve all-round cooling of the laser cutting head, avoiding unstable laser output caused by local overheating. It simultaneously solves the two core problems in laser cutting: "dust obstructing the laser" and "equipment overheating drift," ensuring laser transmission accuracy, reducing cutting burrs and slag accumulation, improving cut smoothness, and avoiding shutdown due to equipment overheating, thus extending continuous operation time.

[0019] The side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device 6 includes an upper fixed plate 61, on which a first rotating motor 62 is mounted. The output end of the first rotating motor 62 is connected to a lead screw 63. A movable nut 64, adapted to the lead screw 63, is sleeved on the outside of the lead screw 63. A guide rod 65 is fitted on one side of the movable nut 64. Both ends of the guide rod 65 are fixedly connected to the upper fixed plate 61 and the lower fixed plate 66, respectively. A second rotating motor 67 is mounted on the movable nut 64. The output end of the second rotating motor 67 is connected to a rotating dust extraction plate 68. The first rotating motor 62 drives the lead screw 63 to rotate, which in turn drives the movable nut 64 to rise and fall stably along the guide rod 65, achieving height adjustment of the rotating dust extraction plate 68, and adapting to various applications. For cutting workpieces of varying thicknesses, the second rotating motor 67 drives the rotating dust extraction plate 68 to rotate flexibly and precisely adjust the dust extraction angle, ensuring the dust extraction area covers the range of dust generated by laser cutting. The first rotating motor drives a lead screw, which in turn moves the moving nut stably up and down along the guide rod, allowing for adjustable height of the rotating dust extraction plate. This allows for flexible adjustment of the dust extraction distance based on workpiece thickness (from thin to thick plates), ensuring optimal adsorption distance between the dust generation area and the dust collection holes. The second rotating motor drives the rotating dust extraction plate to rotate flexibly, adjusting the dust extraction angle in real time according to the laser cutting path (straight, curved, or irregular trajectories), ensuring the dust extraction area always covers the dust diffusion range and solving the "dust extraction dead zone" problem of traditional fixed dust extraction devices. The guide rod and... The screw's design prevents offset and wobbling during the lifting and lowering of the moving nut, ensuring smooth lifting of the rotating dust extraction plate and improving dust extraction positioning accuracy. Dual motors provide independent control, offering flexible operation and allowing individual adjustment of lifting or rotation parameters according to working conditions, adapting to complex cutting scenarios. Through dual-dimensional adjustment of "height + angle," the dust extraction device is always in optimal working condition, improving dust adsorption efficiency by more than 30% compared to fixed dust extraction structures, reducing dust escape and lowering subsequent cleaning costs. The rotating dust extraction plate 68 has an internal dust extraction chamber 681, and its surface has several dust removal holes 682 communicating with the chamber. A connecting pipe 683 is also connected to the rotating dust extraction plate 68. One end is connected to the dust extraction chamber 681, and the other end is adapted to the pipe interface 53 of the dust extraction connection chamber 5. When this structure is combined with the lifting and rotating functions of the side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device 6, the dust removal hole 682 can be closer to the dust generation area under different working conditions. With the centralized dust extraction chamber 681, it not only improves the accuracy of dust collection, but also helps to reduce the ambient temperature around the laser cutting head by quickly exporting high-temperature dust, forming a synergistic cooling effect with the cooling device. The multiple dust removal holes opened on the rotating dust extraction plate face the dust generation source directly. With the "lifting + rotating" function, the dust removal hole can be closely attached to the dust area, avoiding the decrease in collection efficiency caused by the decrease in concentration during the dust diffusion process.The centralized design of the dust extraction chamber reduces the resistance to dust transmission and increases the extraction speed. When high-temperature dust is rapidly extracted, it carries away the radiant heat around the laser cutting head, creating a synergistic effect of "active cooling + passive heat dissipation" with the cooling components. This further reduces the operating temperature of the laser cutting head, alleviating the load on the cooling system. Centralized dust extraction prevents dust from adhering to the surfaces of precision components such as optical lenses and sensors on the laser cutting head, reducing laser attenuation and refraction deviation caused by lens contamination, extending the lifespan of optical components, and reducing maintenance frequency and costs. The laser cutting head 7 is equipped with two laser head cooling components. The left laser head cooling component 8 includes a cooling pipe connecting block 81 connected to the execution body. The cooling pipe connecting block 81 is connected to the laser head cooling device 82 sleeved on the outside of the laser cutting head 7; the lower end of the laser head cooling device 82 is equipped with a cooling device water receiving box 83 for collecting accumulated liquid, and the end of the laser cutting head 7 is correspondingly provided with a laser head local jet cooling device 84. The left laser head cooling component 8 and the right laser head cooling component 9 have the same structure. The left and right laser head cooling components are symmetrically arranged to cool the laser cutting head from both sides simultaneously, avoiding "temperature difference stress" caused by unilateral cooling, preventing the laser cutting head from deforming due to uneven temperature, ensuring the stability of the laser transmission path, and improving cutting accuracy. The laser head cooling device (coolant circulation) and the laser head local jet cooling device are connected. The air cooling device (airflow cooling) combination forms a dual cooling mode of "contact heat exchange + non-contact airflow cooling," which can quickly remove heat from the laser cutting head (especially the core working area). The cooling efficiency is more than 50% higher than that of a single cooling method. The cooling device's water receiving box is specifically designed to collect condensate or minor leaks of coolant, preventing liquid accumulation from dripping onto the workpiece surface and causing cutting quality defects. It also prevents liquid accumulation from corroding the metal parts of the laser cutting head, extending the equipment's lifespan. The cooling pipe connecting block 81 includes a fixing block 811 with multiple inlay holes 812. The fixing block 811 is also equipped with a coolant inlet pipe 813 and a coolant outlet pipe 814. The lower end of 811 is connected to a fixing rod 815 for fixed connection with the laser head cooling device 82. The fixing block achieves precise positioning and assembly with the execution body through the inlay hole. The fixing rod ensures a firm connection between the cooling pipe connecting block and the laser head cooling device, preventing components from loosening or falling off due to high-speed movement or vibration of the laser cutting head. The coolant inlet pipe and outlet pipe are set independently to form a unidirectional circulation channel, avoiding the cooling efficiency reduction caused by coolant backflow and mixing. The pipe layout is reasonable, with low flow resistance, ensuring stable coolant flow rate and achieving continuous and efficient heat exchange. The laser head cooling device 82 includes a semi-circular fixing plate 821, on which U-shaped condenser pipes 822 are arranged.The upper end of the semi-circular fixing plate 821 is equipped with a coolant inlet connection 823, and the opposite end is equipped with a coolant outlet connection 824. The coolant inlet connection 823 and the coolant outlet connection 824 are respectively connected to the two ends of the U-shaped condenser tube 822. The coolant is first transported through the coolant inlet pipe 813 of the cooling pipe connecting block 81, and then enters the U-shaped condenser tube 822 of the laser head cooling device 82 through the coolant inlet connection 823. When the coolant flows in the U-shaped condenser tube 822, it exchanges heat with the laser cutting head 7 to achieve cooling. After the heat exchange is completed, the coolant flows out through the coolant outlet connection 824, and finally flows back to the cooling system through the coolant outlet pipe 814 of the cooling pipe connecting block 81, forming a complete system. The circulating process features a semi-circular fixed plate that fits snugly against the outer wall of the laser cutting head, with U-shaped condenser tubes positioned on the plate. This increases the contact area between the coolant and the laser cutting head, while the U-shaped structure extends the coolant flow path, improving heat exchange efficiency and rapidly reducing the temperature in the core area of ​​the laser cutting head. The coolant is recycled in a closed loop through inlet / outlet connections, eliminating the need for frequent replenishment and saving on consumable costs. The circulating process eliminates the risk of leakage (thanks to the sealed structure), preventing coolant waste and environmental pollution. The semi-circular structure precisely matches the shape of the laser cutting head, without affecting laser emission or cutting operations. The compact layout of the condenser tubes prevents interference with dust extraction devices and adjustment mechanisms, ensuring smooth overall equipment operation and continuous coolant circulation. The laser cutting head maintains a constant temperature, avoiding laser wavelength drift and focusing deviation caused by temperature fluctuations, ensuring long-term stable cutting accuracy, especially suitable for high-precision, long-term continuous cutting scenarios. The cooling device's water receiving box 83 includes a U-shaped box 831 adapted to the laser head cooling device 82. A water storage tank 832 is located inside the U-shaped box 831, and a condensate adsorption pipe 833 connected to the water storage tank 832 is mounted on the U-shaped box 831. When condensate is generated during the operation of the laser head cooling device 82, or when a small amount of coolant leaks, the accumulated liquid will flow down the outer wall of the laser head cooling device 82. The U-shaped box 831, which is adapted to its shape, will collect the accumulated liquid. The collected liquid will then flow into the water storage tank inside the U-shaped box 831. The liquid is temporarily stored in tank 832; finally, the accumulated liquid in tank 832 is absorbed and collected or directionally discharged through the condensate adsorption pipe 833 connected to it, realizing the orderly collection of the accumulated liquid. The U-shaped box is perfectly matched with the shape of the laser head cooling device, and can receive condensate or leaked coolant from both sides and below, avoiding liquid leakage. The tank temporarily stores the accumulated liquid to avoid evaporation and overflow caused by direct exposure of the liquid. The condensate adsorption pipe can realize the directional discharge or adsorption and collection of the accumulated liquid. The two treatment methods can flexibly adapt to different working conditions, keep the working area clean, completely solve the problem of liquid dripping onto the surface of the workpiece, and avoid workpiece corrosion and reduced cutting quality caused by liquid accumulation. At the same time, it prevents the liquid from contacting the electrical components of the laser cutting head, reducing the risk of short circuit and corrosion.The laser head localized jet cooling device 84 includes a semi-circular box 841 adapted to the end of the laser cutting head 7. A gas supply pipe 842 is connected to the semi-circular box 841, and multiple cooling gas nozzles 843 connected to the gas supply pipe 842 are arranged on the bottom side of the semi-circular box 841. The airflow from an external cooling gas source is first delivered to the cavity of the semi-circular box 841 through the gas supply pipe 842. After the airflow is collected and evenly distributed within the cavity, it is directionally jetted to the end region of the laser cutting head 7 through the multiple cooling gas nozzles 843 arranged on the bottom side of the semi-circular box 841, thereby achieving localized cooling of the laser head. Precise airflow cooling at the working position (semi-circular box adapted to the nozzle area at the end of the laser cutting head); multiple cooling nozzles are evenly distributed along the bottom side, allowing for directional spraying of cooling airflow to the most heat-prone working end of the laser cutting head, achieving "targeted cooling" and avoiding energy waste caused by ineffective cooling. The directional airflow can also disperse any residual dust around the laser cutting head end, reducing dust adhesion to the nozzle surface and preventing unstable cutting airflow caused by nozzle blockage or contamination. Airflow cooling requires no heat exchange process, has a fast response speed, and can be used when the laser cutting head heats up rapidly in a short period of time (such as...). (For high-speed cutting of thick plates) Rapid cooling compensates for the lag in the cooling response of the coolant circulation, forming a composite cooling system of "slow response + fast response"; The laser cutting head 7 includes an optical adjustment base 71, a connecting adjustment cylinder 72, a sensor module 73, and a nozzle assembly 74 assembled in sequence. The nozzle assembly 74 is equipped with a condensate collection structure 741, which includes an annular water receiving groove 7411, and a water suction port 7412 is connected to the water receiving groove 7411. The condensate collection structure of the nozzle assembly is specifically designed to collect condensate generated at the end, preventing condensate from dripping onto the surface. Inside the workpiece or nozzle, the airflow channel of the nozzle is protected to prevent turbulence in the cutting airflow caused by water droplets. The inner wall of the water receiving tank 7411 is provided with a downward-sloping guide slope. There are at least two water inlets 7412, evenly distributed along the circumference of the water receiving tank 7411. A guide pipe is connected to each water inlet 7412, and the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the water storage tank 832 of the cooling device's water receiving box 83. The downward-sloping guide slope on the inner wall of the water receiving tank guides condensate to flow quickly to the water inlets, preventing liquid accumulation, scale formation, or corrosion of the tank, thus extending the service life of the water receiving structure.

[0020] During operation, after the equipment is installed and fixed, multi-degree-of-freedom attitude adjustment is achieved through the coordinated action of rotating shaft 2 and rotating U-axis 3: rotating shaft 2 can drive rotating U-axis 3 to rotate horizontally around fixed plate 1, and rotating U-axis 3 itself can achieve pitch angle adjustment. The two work together to drive the actuator 4 and laser cutting head 7 to flexibly adjust the spatial position and angle, thereby adapting to the cutting needs of workpieces of different sizes and shapes, eliminating the cutting blind spot caused by workpiece placement restrictions, and ensuring that the laser nozzle assembly 74 can be accurately aligned with the cutting start position. After the laser cutting head 7 is started, the optical adjustment seat 71 adjusts the... The laser beam's focusing accuracy is adjusted, and the connecting adjustment cylinder 72 adapts to different cutting distance requirements. The sensor module 73 monitors key parameters such as laser power, nozzle-workpiece distance, and working area temperature in real time during the cutting process to ensure stable cutting parameters. The adjusted laser beam is directionally emitted through the nozzle assembly 74 to melt or vaporize the workpiece for precise processing. The dust extraction system starts synchronously with the cutting operation, achieving efficient dust extraction through four steps: height adjustment, angle adaptation, precise adsorption, and centralized extraction. The first rotating motor 62 drives the lead screw 63 to rotate, which in turn moves the moving nut. The rotating dust extraction plate 68 moves stably up and down along the guide rod 65, ensuring it conforms to the thickness of the workpiece being cut. This guarantees that the dust extraction holes 682 maintain the optimal adsorption distance between the dust generation area and the dust-generating area. The second rotating motor 67 drives the rotating dust extraction plate 68 to adjust its angle in real time, dynamically covering the dust diffusion range along the laser cutting path (straight line, curve, irregular trajectory), eliminating dust extraction dead spots. Under the negative pressure of the dust extraction equipment (interface 52 connected to the dust extraction connection chamber 5), the high-temperature dust generated during cutting enters the dust extraction chamber 681 through multiple dust extraction holes 682 on the surface of the rotating dust extraction plate 68, achieving centralized collection. The dust in the dust extraction chamber 681 is introduced into the dust extraction connection chamber 51 through the connecting pipe 683, and finally discharged through the external dust extraction equipment. At the same time, the rapid discharge of high-temperature dust can remove the radiant heat around the laser cutting head, forming a passive heat dissipation effect. The cooling system adopts a dual mode of "cooling liquid circulation cooling + local jet cooling", which works in conjunction with the dust extraction system to achieve all-round cooling. The coolant of the external cooling system is transported through the coolant inlet pipe 813 of the cooling pipe connecting block 81, and enters the U-shaped condenser pipe 822 through the coolant inlet connection port 823 of the laser head cooling device 82.The U-shaped condenser tube 822 is attached to the outer wall of the laser cutting head 7. It absorbs the heat generated by the laser cutting head through heat exchange. The heated coolant flows back to the cooling system through the coolant outlet connector 824 and coolant outlet pipe 814, forming a closed loop to maintain a constant temperature in the core area of ​​the laser cutting head. The external cooling air source is delivered to the semi-circular box 841 through the air supply pipe 842. After the airflow is evenly distributed in the cavity, it is directionally sprayed to the end of the laser cutting head 7 (nozzle assembly 74 area) through multiple cold air nozzles 843 on the bottom side, achieving "targeted cooling". This quickly alleviates the instantaneous temperature rise under conditions such as high-speed cutting of thick plates and compensates for the response lag of the coolant circulation cooling, achieving "continuous and stable cooling" of the coolant circulation. Combined with the "rapid cooling" of the airflow jet and the "passive heat dissipation" of the dust extraction system, a triple cooling synergy is formed. This prevents unstable laser output or component damage caused by localized overheating of the laser cutting head. Liquid accumulated on the outer wall of the laser head cooling device 82 flows along its surface and is collected by the U-shaped box 831 below, flowing into the water storage tank 832 for temporary storage. Finally, it is directed out or collected by the condensate adsorption pipe 833. Condensate generated by the nozzle assembly 74 falls into the annular water receiving tank 7411, and under the guidance of the guide slope, flows to the circumferentially evenly distributed water inlets 7412. It is then guided through the guide pipe into the water storage tank 832 of the cooling device's water receiving box 83, achieving centralized treatment and preventing liquid from dripping onto the workpiece surface or corroding equipment components.

[0021] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0022] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function, comprising a fixing plate (1), characterized in that: The fixed plate (1) is equipped with a rotating shaft (2) and a rotating U-shaft (3) connected to the rotating shaft (2). The end of the rotating U-shaft (3) away from the rotating shaft (2) is connected to an execution body (4). A dust extraction connection chamber (5) is provided on one side of the upper end of the execution body (4). The dust extraction connection chamber (5) includes a chamber box (51). An external dust extraction equipment interface (52) and a pipe interface (53) are provided on the chamber box (51). Side wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices (6) are provided on both sides of the dust extraction connection chamber (5). The side wing lifting and rotating dust extraction devices (6) are installed on the execution body (4) and cooperate with the dust extraction connection chamber (5) to achieve dust extraction. A laser cutting head (7) is connected to the output end of the execution body (4). A left laser head cooling component (8) is provided on one side of the laser cutting head (7). A right laser head cooling component (9) is provided on the opposite side of the left laser head cooling component (8). The side-wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device (6) includes an upper fixed plate (61), on which a first rotating motor (62) is mounted. The output end of the first rotating motor (62) is connected to a lead screw (63). A movable nut (64) adapted to the lead screw (63) is sleeved on the outside of the lead screw (63). A guide rod (65) is provided on one side of the movable nut (64). The two ends of the guide rod (65) are fixedly connected to the upper fixed plate (61) and the lower fixed plate (66) respectively. The movable nut (64) A second rotating motor (67) is installed on the first rotating motor (62), and the output end of the second rotating motor (67) is connected to a rotating dust extraction plate (68). The first rotating motor (62) drives the lead screw (63) to rotate, which can drive the moving nut (64) to rise and fall stably along the guide rod (65) to realize the height adjustment of the rotating dust extraction plate (68), which can adapt to the cutting conditions of workpieces of different thicknesses. The second rotating motor (67) can drive the rotating dust extraction plate (68) to rotate flexibly and accurately adjust the dust extraction angle so that the dust extraction area covers the range of dust generated by laser cutting. The rotating dust extraction plate (68) is provided with a dust extraction chamber (681) inside. The rotating dust extraction plate (68) has several dust removal holes (682) that are connected to the dust extraction chamber (681) on its surface. The rotating dust extraction plate (68) is also connected to a connecting pipe (683). One end of the connecting pipe (683) is connected to the dust extraction chamber (681), and the other end is adapted to the pipe interface (53) of the dust extraction connection chamber (5). After the rotating dust extraction plate (68) and the side wing lifting and rotating dust extraction device (6) are combined, the dust removal holes (682) can be closer to the dust generation area under different working conditions. With the centralized dust extraction chamber (681), the accuracy of dust collection is improved. It can also help reduce the ambient temperature around the laser cutting head by quickly exporting high-temperature dust, and form a synergistic cooling effect with the cooling device.

2. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cutting head (7) is equipped with two laser head cooling components. The left laser head cooling component (8) includes a cooling pipe connecting block (81) connected to the execution body. The cooling pipe connecting block (81) is connected to the laser head cooling device (82) sleeved on the outside of the laser cutting head (7). The lower end of the laser head cooling device (82) is equipped with a cooling device water receiving box (83) for receiving accumulated liquid. The end of the laser cutting head (7) is correspondingly provided with a laser head local jet cooling device (84). The left laser head cooling component (8) and the right laser head cooling component (9) have the same structure.

3. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling pipe connecting block (81) includes a fixing block (811), which has multiple inlay holes (812). The fixing block (811) is also equipped with a coolant inlet pipe (813) and a coolant outlet pipe (814). The lower end of the fixing block (811) is connected to a fixing connecting rod (815) for fixed connection with the laser head cooling device (82).

4. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser head cooling device (82) includes a semi-circular fixing plate (821), on which U-shaped condenser tubes (822) are arranged; a coolant inlet connection (823) is arranged at the upper end of the semi-circular fixing plate (821), and a coolant outlet connection (824) is arranged at the opposite end, and the coolant inlet connection (823) and coolant outlet connection (824) are respectively connected to the two ends of the U-shaped condenser tubes (822), and the coolant first passes through the cooling tubes. The coolant is transported through the coolant inlet pipe (813) of the block (81) and enters the U-shaped condenser (822) of the laser head cooling device (82) through the coolant inlet connector (823). When the coolant flows in the U-shaped condenser (822), it exchanges heat with the laser cutting head (7) to achieve cooling. After the heat exchange is completed, the coolant flows out through the coolant outlet connector (824) and finally flows back to the cooling system through the coolant outlet pipe (814) of the cooling pipe connector block (81), forming a complete circulation process.

5. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling device water receiving box (83) includes a U-shaped box (831) adapted to the laser head cooling device (82). A water storage tank (832) is provided on the inner side of the U-shaped box (831), and a condensate adsorption pipe (833) connected to the water storage tank (832) is installed on the U-shaped box (831). When the laser head cooling device (82) generates condensate or when there is a small amount of coolant leakage during operation, the accumulated liquid will flow down the outer wall of the laser head cooling device (82). The U-shaped box (831) adapted to its shape will receive the accumulated liquid. The accumulated liquid will flow into the water storage tank (832) on the inner side of the U-shaped box (831) for temporary storage. Finally, the accumulated liquid in the water storage tank (832) is adsorbed and collected or directed out through the condensate adsorption pipe (833) connected to it, so as to realize the orderly collection of the accumulated liquid.

6. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser head local jet cooling device (84) includes a semi-circular box (841) adapted to the end of the laser cutting head (7). The semi-circular box (841) is connected to an air supply pipe (842), and the bottom side of the semi-circular box (841) is provided with multiple cold air nozzles (843) connected to the air supply pipe (842). The airflow from the external cooling air source is first transported to the cavity of the semi-circular box (841) through the air supply pipe (842). After the airflow is collected and evenly distributed in the cavity, it is directed to the end area of ​​the laser cutting head (7) through the multiple cold air nozzles (843) provided on the bottom side of the semi-circular box (841), thereby achieving precise airflow cooling of the local working position of the laser head.

7. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laser cutting head (7) includes an optical adjustment base (71), a connecting adjustment cylinder (72), a sensor module (73), and a nozzle assembly (74) assembled in sequence. The nozzle assembly (74) is equipped with a condensate water receiving structure (741). The condensate water receiving structure (741) includes an annular water receiving groove (7411), and a water inlet (7412) is connected to the water receiving groove (7411).

8. A laser cutting head with dust extraction and cooling function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the water receiving tank (7411) is provided with a downwardly inclined guide slope. There are at least two water inlets (7412) and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the water receiving tank (7411). A guide pipe is connected to the water inlet (7412), and the other end of the guide pipe is connected to the water storage tank (832) of the cooling device water receiving box (83).

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