A self-cleaning fish passing system and fish passing method

Abstract

This invention discloses a self-cleaning fish passage system and method. The fish passage system includes a fish ladder body, with a water inlet connected to the water inlet end and a float connected to the water outlet end. A drain channel is provided below the fish ladder body, and a rotating trough is opened at the inlet of the water inlet, with a rotating plate installed inside the trough. In use, this invention controls the water flow velocity inside the fish ladder body by adjusting the height of the rotating plate, solving the problem of traditional fish ladders where the water flow is too fast or too slow, preventing fish from passing through smoothly. By setting up a drain channel, a closing plate, and a drain outlet, sediment falls into the drain channel through the water inlet and slides downwards with the water flow and the inclined drain channel, finally sliding out through the drain outlet, achieving a timed cleaning effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high dam fish passage technology, and particularly relates to a self-cleaning fish passage system and fish passage method. Background Technology

[0002] Because hydraulic structures (such as dams) obstruct the flow of water, fish passages and fish lifts are built on one side of most dams to ensure that fish can migrate smoothly to spawn and reproduce. Fish can cross the dam through the fish passage system to enter the upstream area to reproduce, thus ensuring the diversity of fish in the river.

[0003] However, most fish passage systems at high dams currently have significant limitations: First, these systems are often located on one side of the waterway, relying on the impact of water flow to attract fish. However, some waterways are quite wide, making it difficult for traditional attraction methods to quickly guide fish, which can cause them to miss the entrance. Second, to help fish recover their energy, baffles are installed inside the system to create resting areas with gentler water flow. However, these areas are prone to accumulating aquatic plants, debris, and sediment, causing blockages and hindering fish passage. Third, the water flow in these systems lacks artificial control, leading to problems such as excessively fast or slow flow rates. When the flow is too fast, small fish cannot pass through, while when it is too slow, the water depth is insufficient, making it difficult for large fish to pass. Ultimately, this results in fish congestion and reduces the efficiency of the fish passage system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a self-cleaning fish passage system and method to solve technical problems such as insufficient fish attraction and fish passage siltation.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0006] The present invention provides a self-cleaning fish passage system, including a fish ladder body, an inlet channel connected to the water inlet end of the fish ladder body, a float connected to the water outlet end of the fish ladder body, a sewage discharge channel provided below the fish ladder body, a rotating groove provided at the inlet of the water inlet channel, and a rotating plate provided in the rotating groove.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the rotating groove is symmetrically provided with rotating holes on both sides, and the inner wall of the rotating groove is symmetrically provided with transmission grooves on both sides. The inner wall of the transmission groove is provided with an installation groove on one side. A motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the installation groove. The output end of the motor extends into the interior of the transmission groove. A gear is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor. A bearing is installed on the inner wall of the rotating hole.

[0008] Preferably, rotating shafts are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rotating plate, and fan-shaped plates are symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the rotating plate. Arc-shaped grooves are formed on the outer wall of the fan-shaped plates, and gear teeth are installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped grooves.

[0009] Preferably, guide grooves are symmetrically provided on both sides of the inner wall of the water inlet channel. The guide grooves are located between the fish ladder body and the rotating groove 13. A guide rod is fixedly installed inside the guide groove. A floating rod is slidably installed on the guide rod. A water flow sensor is fixedly installed on the floating rod. Baffles are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the water inlet channel. The baffles are wrapped around the water flow sensor.

[0010] Preferably, guide plates are symmetrically installed on one side of the outer wall of the baffle, and one end of the float rod is slidably disposed between the two guide plates.

[0011] Preferably, the sewage channel is an inclined structure, with water inlets evenly spaced at the top of the sewage channel, and sewage outlets symmetrically spaced on both sides of the fish ladder body away from the water inlets. The sewage outlets are connected to the sewage channel, and connecting shafts are symmetrically installed at equal intervals at the top of the inner wall of the sewage channel. The connecting shafts are located beside the water inlets, and a closing plate is rotatably mounted on the connecting shaft. The closing plate is rotatably mounted on the connecting shaft through an adjusting component, and small holes are evenly spaced on the closing plate.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a spring and an arc-shaped rod. The arc-shaped rods are symmetrically installed at equal intervals on the top of the inner wall of the sewage channel. The closing plate has symmetrically opened through holes. The arc-shaped rods pass through the through holes and are mounted on the closing plate. The springs are sleeved on the arc-shaped rods. The two ends of the springs are in contact with the top of the sewage channel and the bottom of the closing plate, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the floating component is provided with a guide groove, and the upper part of the inner wall of the guide groove is provided with auxiliary grooves at equal intervals and symmetrically, the depth of the auxiliary grooves being less than the depth of the guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the floating component has equally spaced mounting holes inside, all of which are located below the guide groove, and an airbag is inserted into each mounting hole, the length of which is less than the length of the mounting hole.

[0015] A method for using a self-cleaning fish passage system includes the following steps: 1) The water flow sensor is floated on the water surface by a floating rod, and the water flow sensor detects the inlet water flow rate and transmits the flow rate result to the motor; 2) By comparing the flow rate values, if the water flow rate is lower than the preset value, the motor drives the gear to rotate. The gear meshes with the teeth to open the rotating plate outward, lowering the height of the rotating plate and allowing the water to flow into the inlet channel quickly, increasing the water flow rate inside the fish ladder body. If the water flow rate is higher than the preset value, the motor drives the gear in the opposite direction, causing the rotating plate to rotate inward, increasing the height of the rotating plate, slowing the water flow into the inlet channel, and reducing the water flow rate inside the fish ladder body. 3) As time goes on, silt gradually accumulates on the closed plate inside the main body of the fish ladder. As time goes on, the mass gradually increases, which in turn squeezes the closed plate and spring downwards, causing the water inlet to open. Under the action of water flow and gravity, the silt slides into the interior of the sewage channel and continues to move downwards with the water flow, and is finally discharged through the sewage outlet. 4) When in use, water flows through the main body of the fish ladder and into the guide channel on the float. As time goes on, the guide channel gradually fills with water. At this time, the water flows out through the auxiliary channel. Since the float is higher than the water surface, fish will be attracted by the water flow and jump into the guide channel through multiple auxiliary channels and approach the main body of the fish ladder.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention includes a rotating plate, a water flow sensor, and a motor. During use, the water flow sensor detects the water flow velocity inside the inlet channel. If it is lower than a preset value, the drive gear turns outward to open the rotating plate, lowering its height and allowing water to flow in quickly. If it is higher than the preset value, the drive gear reverses to retract the rotating plate inward, increasing its height and slowing the water flow, thus reducing its velocity. By rotating the rotating plate, the speed of water flow is adjusted, solving the problem that traditional fish ladders often have water flow that is too fast or too slow, preventing fish from passing through smoothly.

[0017] 2. This invention is equipped with a sewage channel, a closing plate, and a sewage outlet. As time increases, sediment gradually accumulates on the closing plate. As the mass gradually increases, gravity compresses the closing plate and spring downwards, causing the sediment to fall into the sewage channel through the water inlet. It then slides downwards with the water flow and the inclined sewage channel, eventually sliding out through the sewage outlet, achieving the effect of timed cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an external view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the baffle of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the water inlet channel of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an external view of the rotating plate of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the image; Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the image.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Inlet channel; 2. Baffle; 3. Inlet; 4. Drainage channel; 5. Drainage outlet; 6. Mounting hole; 7. Airbag; 8. Float; 9. Guide channel; 10. Auxiliary channel; 11. Fish ladder body; 12. Rotating plate; 13. Rotating channel; 14. Floating rod; 15. Bearing; 16. Rotating hole; 17. Motor; 18. Transmission channel; 19. Rotating shaft; 20. Arc-shaped channel; 21. Gear tooth; 22. Fan-shaped plate; 23. Perforation; 24. Closing plate; 25. Spring; 26. Arc-shaped rod; 27. Connecting shaft; 28. Guide plate; 29. ​​Guide channel; 30. Water flow sensor; 31. Guide rod; 32. Gear; 33. Mounting slot. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0021] Example: like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a self-cleaning fish passage system includes a fish ladder body 11. The water inlet end of the fish ladder body 11 is connected to a water inlet channel 1, and the water outlet end of the fish ladder body 11 is connected to a float 8. A sewage discharge channel 4 is provided below the fish ladder body 11. A rotating groove 13 is provided at the inlet of the water inlet channel 1, and a rotating plate 12 is provided in the rotating groove 13.

[0022] The inner wall of the rotating groove 13 has symmetrical rotating holes 16 on both sides at the lower part, and the inner wall of the rotating groove 13 near the fish ladder body 11 has symmetrical transmission grooves 18 on both sides. The inner wall of the transmission groove 18 has an installation groove 33 on one side. The inner wall of the installation groove 33 is fixedly installed with a motor 17. The output end of the motor 17 extends into the interior of the transmission groove 18. A gear 32 is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor 17. A bearing 15 is also fixedly installed between the inner wall of the rotating hole 16 and the rotating shaft 19.

[0023] Rotating shafts 19 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the bottom of the rotating plate 12. The rotating shafts 19 are inserted into the rotating holes 16. A sector plate 22 is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the rotating plate 12 near the transmission groove 18. The sector plate 22 is fitted into the transmission groove 18. An arc groove 20 is opened on the outer wall of the sector plate 22 near the motor 17. Gear teeth 21 are installed at equal intervals on one side of the inner wall of the arc groove 20. The gear 32 is fitted into the arc groove 20 and is engaged with the gear teeth 21.

[0024] The inner wall of the water inlet 1 is symmetrically provided with guide grooves 29 on both sides. The guide grooves 29 are located between the fish ladder body 11 and the rotating groove 13. A guide rod 31 is fixedly installed inside the guide groove 29. A floating rod 14 is slidably inserted through the guide rod 31. A water flow sensor 30 is fixedly installed on the side wall outside the guide groove 29 where the floating rod 14 extends. Baffles 2 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the water inlet 1. The baffles 2 are wrapped around the water flow sensor 30.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, during use, the water flow sensor 30 detects the water flow velocity inside the inlet channel 1 and transmits the detection result to the motor 17. By comparing the detected value with the preset value, if it is lower than the preset value, the motor 17 starts and drives the rotating plate 12 to rotate outward through the meshing connection of the gear 32 and the gear tooth 21, reducing the vertical height of the rotating plate 12 and making it easier for external water to enter the interior of the inlet channel 1, thereby increasing the water flow velocity. If it is higher than the preset value, the motor 17 drives the gear 32 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the rotating plate 12 to retract inward, increasing the vertical height of the rotating plate 12, slowing down the entry of external water, and achieving the effect of reducing the water flow velocity. This solves the problem that traditional fish ladders often have water flow that is too fast or too slow, making it difficult for fish to pass through smoothly.

[0026] Furthermore, since the water flow sensor 30 is mounted on the float rod 14, it ensures that the water flow sensor 30 always floats on the water surface to adapt to water flow detection at different water levels. The baffle 2 is provided to prevent external foreign objects from hitting the water flow sensor 30 and causing damage to the water flow sensor 30.

[0027] The baffle 2 is symmetrically equipped with guide plates 28 on the outer wall side near the float rod 14, and the end of the float rod 14 away from the guide rod 31 is slidably disposed between the two guide plates 28.

[0028] During use, the installed guide plate 28 ensures that the float rod 14 will not cause the water flow sensor 30 to slide left and right, reducing the occurrence of the water flow sensor 30 actively hitting the inner wall of the water inlet channel 1. The installation of the bearing 15 increases the smoothness of the rotating plate 12 and improves the accuracy of flow rate adjustment.

[0029] The sewage channel 4 is an inclined structure. The top of the sewage channel 4 has water inlets 3 at equal intervals. The main body of the fish ladder 11 has sewage outlets 5 symmetrically arranged on both sides away from the water inlet 1. The sewage outlets 5 are connected to the sewage channel 4. The top of the inner wall of the sewage channel 4 is symmetrically equipped with connecting shafts 27 at equal intervals. The connecting shafts 27 are located beside the water inlets 3. A closing plate 24 is rotatably arranged on the connecting shaft 27. The closing plate 24 is rotatably arranged on the connecting shaft 27 by an adjusting component. The adjusting component is used to control the distance between the closing plate 24 and the water inlet 3. Small holes are opened at equal intervals on the closing plate 24.

[0030] The adjusting assembly includes a spring 25 and an arc-shaped rod 26. The arc-shaped rods 26 are symmetrically installed at equal intervals on the top of the inner wall of the sewage channel 4. The arc-shaped rods 26 are respectively set on both sides of the water inlet 3. The closing plate 24 has symmetrically opened through holes 23. The arc-shaped rods 26 pass through the through holes 23 and are inserted into the closing plate 24. The spring 25 is sleeved on the arc-shaped rod 26. The two ends of the spring 25 are in contact with the top of the sewage channel 4 and the bottom of the closing plate 24, respectively.

[0031] The top of the floating component 8 is provided with a guide groove 9, and the upper part of the inner wall of the guide groove 9 is provided with auxiliary grooves 10 at equal intervals and symmetrically, and the depth of the auxiliary grooves 10 is less than the depth of the guide groove 9.

[0032] The floating component 8 has equally spaced mounting holes 6 inside, all of which are located below the guide groove 9. An airbag 7 is inserted into each mounting hole 6, and the length of the airbag 7 is less than the length of the mounting hole 6.

[0033] A method for using a self-cleaning fish passage system includes the following steps: 1) The water flow sensor 30 is floated on the water surface by the float rod 14, and the water flow sensor 30 detects the inlet water flow rate and transmits the flow rate result to the motor 17; 2) By comparing the flow rate values, if the water flow rate is lower than the preset value, the motor 17 drives the gear 32 to rotate. The gear 32 meshes with the gear teeth 21 to open the rotating plate 12 outward, lowering the height of the rotating plate 12 and allowing the water to flow into the inlet channel 1 quickly, increasing the water flow rate in the fish ladder body 11. If the water flow rate is higher than the preset value, the motor drives the gear 32 in the opposite direction, causing the rotating plate 12 to rotate inward, increasing the height of the rotating plate 12, slowing the water flow into the inlet channel 1, and reducing the water flow rate in the fish ladder body 11. 3) As time goes on, the silt gradually accumulates on the closed plate 24 inside the main body 11 of the fish ladder. As time goes on, the mass gradually increases, which in turn squeezes the closed plate 24 and the spring 25 downward, causing the inlet 3 to open. Under the action of water flow and gravity, the silt slides into the interior of the sewage channel 4 and continues to move downward with the water flow, and is finally discharged through the sewage outlet 5. The whole process does not use electrical equipment, which is convenient for the construction and use of long-distance fish ladders. 4) During use, water flows through the main body 11 of the fish ladder and into the guide groove 9 on the float 8. As time increases, the guide groove 9 gradually fills with water. At this time, the water flows out through the auxiliary groove 10. Since the float 8 is higher than the water surface, fish will be attracted by the water flow and jump into the guide groove 9 through multiple auxiliary grooves 10. After the fish jump into the guide groove 9 through the auxiliary groove 10, they will feel the impact and attraction of the water flow injected into the guide groove 9 by the main body 11 of the fish ladder and gradually move towards the interior of the main body 11 of the fish ladder, which expands the attraction effect of the water flow of the main body 11 of the fish ladder and facilitates actual use.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning fish passage system, characterized in that: The system includes a fish ladder body (11), with an inlet channel (1) connected to the water inlet end of the fish ladder body (11), a float (8) connected to the water outlet end of the fish ladder body (11), a sewage channel (4) provided below the fish ladder body (11), a trough (13) provided at the inlet of the water inlet channel (1), and a rotating plate (12) provided in the trough (13). The top of the floating component (8) is provided with a guide groove (9), and the upper part of the inner wall of the guide groove (9) is provided with auxiliary grooves (10) at equal intervals and symmetrically arranged. The depth of the auxiliary grooves (10) is less than the depth of the guide grooves (9).

2. The self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rotating groove (13) is symmetrically provided with rotating holes (16) on both sides, and the inner wall of the rotating groove (13) is symmetrically provided with transmission grooves (18) on both sides. The inner wall of the transmission groove (18) is provided with a mounting groove (33) on one side. A motor (17) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the mounting groove (33). The output end of the motor (17) extends into the interior of the transmission groove (18). A gear (32) is fixedly installed on the output end of the motor (17). A bearing (15) is installed on the inner wall of the rotating hole (16).

3. The self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Rotating shafts (19) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the rotating plate (12). A fan-shaped plate (22) is symmetrically installed on the outer wall of the rotating plate (12). An arc-shaped groove (20) is opened on the outer wall of the fan-shaped plate (22). A gear tooth (21) is installed on the inner wall of the arc-shaped groove (20).

4. The self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the water inlet (1) is symmetrically provided with guide grooves (29) on both sides. The guide grooves (29) are located between the fish ladder body (11) and the rotating groove 13. A guide rod (31) is fixedly installed inside the guide groove (29). A floating rod (14) is slidably installed on the guide rod (31). A water flow sensor (30) is fixedly installed on the floating rod (14). Baffles (2) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the inner wall of the water inlet (1). The baffles (2) are wrapped around the water flow sensor (30).

5. A self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Guide plates (28) are symmetrically installed on one side of the outer wall of the baffle (2), and one end of the float rod (14) is slidably disposed between the two guide plates (28).

6. The self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage channel (4) is an inclined structure. The top of the sewage channel (4) is provided with water inlets (3) at equal intervals. The main body of the fish ladder (11) is provided with sewage outlets (5) on both sides away from the water inlet (1). The sewage outlets (5) are connected to the sewage channel (4). The top of the inner wall of the sewage channel (4) is provided with connecting shafts (27) at equal intervals. The connecting shafts (27) are located on the side of the water inlet (3). A closing plate (24) is rotatably provided on the connecting shaft (27). The closing plate (24) is rotatably provided on the connecting shaft (27) through the adjustment component. Small holes are provided on the closing plate (24) at equal intervals.

7. A self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a spring (25) and an arc rod (26). The arc rods (26) are symmetrically installed at equal intervals on the top of the inner wall of the sewage channel (4). The closing plate (24) has symmetrical perforations (23). The arc rods (26) pass through the perforations (23) and are installed on the closing plate (24). The spring (25) is sleeved on the arc rod (26). The two ends of the spring (25) are in contact with the top of the sewage channel (4) and the bottom of the closing plate (24), respectively.

8. A self-cleaning fish passage system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The floating component (8) has mounting holes (6) spaced evenly inside. The mounting holes (6) are all located below the guide groove (9), and airbags (7) are inserted into the mounting holes (6). The length of the airbags (7) is less than the length of the mounting holes (6).

9. A method for passing fish in a self-cleaning fish-passing system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1) The water flow sensor (30) is floated on the water surface by the float rod (14), and the water flow sensor (30) detects the inlet water flow rate and transmits the flow rate result to the motor (17); 2) The motor (17) compares the flow rate values. If the water flow rate is lower than the preset value, it drives the gear (32) to rotate. The gear (32) meshes with the gear teeth (21) to open the rotating plate (12) outward, lowering the height of the rotating plate (12) so that the water flows into the inlet channel (1) quickly, increasing the water flow rate in the fish ladder body (11). If the water flow rate is higher than the preset value, it drives the gear (32) in the opposite direction, causing the rotating plate (12) to rotate inward, increasing the height of the rotating plate (12), slowing down the water flow into the inlet channel (1), and reducing the water flow rate in the fish ladder body (11). 3) As time goes by, the silt gradually accumulates on the closed plate (24) inside the main body (11) of the fish ladder. As time goes by, the mass gradually increases, which in turn squeezes the closed plate (24) and the spring (25) downward, causing the inlet (3) to open. Under the action of water flow and gravity, the silt slides into the interior of the sewage channel (4) and continues to move downward with the water flow, and is finally discharged through the sewage outlet (5). 4) When in use, water flows through the main body of the fish ladder (11) and then into the guide groove (9) on the float (8). As time increases, the guide groove (9) gradually fills with water. At this time, the water flows out through the auxiliary groove (10). Since the float (8) is higher than the water surface, the fish will be attracted by the water flow and jump into the guide groove (9) through multiple auxiliary grooves (10) and approach the main body of the fish ladder (11).

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