A multi-level fireproof isolation device for underground coal mine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coal mine underground multilevel fireproof isolation devices, it is related to underground fireproof technical field, including: extension plate, the extension plate is set to frame structure, and part is embedded in mine rock stratum;Sealing frame is installed on the extension plate;Mounting bracket, one end is hinged with the sealing frame, the other end can be locked with the sealing frame connection;Isolation door plate is installed on the mounting bracket, and is pressed on the sealing frame with the movement of the mounting bracket;Wherein, the isolation door plate includes the component that can provide buffering, cooling and fire extinguishing function, the working state of the function is automatically adjusted by the isolation door plate under the influence of fire, so as to ensure the fireproof effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground fire prevention technology, specifically to a multi-layered fire isolation device for underground coal mines. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mines operate in complex, relatively enclosed environments, and may contain flammable and explosive substances such as gas and coal dust. In the event of a fire or explosion, the fire spreads rapidly and is often accompanied by shock waves, high temperatures, and toxic gases, posing a threat to the lives of underground personnel and mine production. Therefore, installing effective firebreaks to quickly block fire sources and isolate smoke flows in the event of a disaster, thus buying valuable time for personnel evacuation and disaster control, is a crucial element of the coal mine safety production system.

[0003] Currently, commonly used fire prevention and isolation technologies in coal mines are mainly divided into two categories: one is passive physical isolation, such as fire doors and firewalls, which mainly rely on the fire resistance of the materials themselves to block the spread of flames and smoke. The other is active fire extinguishing systems, such as sprinkler systems and gas extinguishing systems, which suppress fires by spraying extinguishing agents. In practical applications, there have also been attempts to combine the two, such as integrating a sprinkler system on one side of a fire door.

[0004] However, existing devices have a single response mode and lack intelligence and adaptability. Whether it is physical isolation or active fire suppression, their function triggering is often a simple on-off mode, which cannot provide differentiated responses according to the actual development stage of the fire.

[0005] Secondly, there is a disconnect between the impact resistance and functional assurance of existing devices. Coal mine fires are often accompanied by gas or coal dust explosions, generating enormous shockwave energy. Traditional explosion-proof and fire-resistant doors typically employ fixed, passive buffer structures, whose protective performance is static and unable to withstand impacts of varying intensities. More critically, these buffer structures often undergo irreversible plastic deformation or structural damage after absorbing impact energy, leading to door instability and displacement. This deformation directly damages the working space of integrated fire-fighting pipelines, sensors, and other critical components, meaning that even if the main structure doesn't completely collapse after the first impact, its core fire-fighting function is paralyzed.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multi-layered fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines, comprising:

[0008] An extension plate, wherein the extension plate is configured as a frame structure and is partially embedded in the mine rock strata;

[0009] A sealing frame is mounted on the extension plate;

[0010] The mounting bracket has one end hinged to the sealing frame and the other end lockably connected to the sealing frame;

[0011] The isolation door panel is installed on the mounting frame and is pressed against the sealing frame as the mounting frame moves;

[0012] The isolation door panel includes components that provide buffering, cooling, and fire extinguishing functions, and the isolation door panel automatically adjusts the working state of these functions in response to the fire.

[0013] Furthermore, preferably, the isolation door panel includes:

[0014] The outer frame is fixed to the mounting bracket and has a slot;

[0015] A breathable panel, which is slidably disposed at the groove of the outer frame;

[0016] The first nozzle is installed in the upper space inside the outer frame and is used to spray cooling water.

[0017] The second nozzle is installed in the lower space inside the outer frame and is used to spray flame-retardant gas;

[0018] An integrated sensor, mounted on the ventilated plate, is used to monitor fire parameters;

[0019] The integrated sensor controls the first nozzle and / or the second nozzle to selectively open or close based on the monitored fire parameters.

[0020] Furthermore, preferably, the spray direction of the first nozzle is toward the ventilated plate.

[0021] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a buffer support assembly is also provided between the outer frame and the ventilated plate. The buffer support assembly is configured to: provide adaptive buffering for the ventilated plate based on fire parameters upon initial impact; and subsequently provide support for the ventilated plate, so that the ventilated plate maintains a fixed position relative to the outer frame, thereby maintaining a preset space between the outer frame and the ventilated plate for the first nozzle and the second nozzle to operate.

[0022] Furthermore, preferably, the buffer support component includes:

[0023] Two connecting columns are provided, one of which is fixed to the outer frame and the other is fixed to the ventilated plate.

[0024] The mounting base has two ends fixedly connected to the two connecting columns respectively, and the mounting base has a slot inside;

[0025] Rotate the base and fix it to the outer frame;

[0026] A turntable is rotatably mounted on the rotating base;

[0027] Multiple buffer plates are distributed along the circumferential direction and are magnetically attached to the turntable.

[0028] The mounting base is located below the rotation path of the turntable, so that the buffer plate can rotate into or out of the slot.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, each of the aforementioned buffer plates has a different structure and / or material to provide different cushioning performance;

[0030] The outer frame is also provided with a driving component, which is connected to the turntable for driving the turntable to rotate.

[0031] Furthermore, preferably, the depth of the slot is configured to accommodate at least two of the buffer plates.

[0032] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the surface of the buffer plate is provided with collapse guide holes, and the turntable is provided with guide posts that cooperate with the collapse guide holes.

[0033] Furthermore, preferably, the mounting bracket includes a reinforcing bracket and a locking tongue;

[0034] A first hinge seat is provided on one side of the sealing frame, and the reinforcing frame is hinged to the first hinge seat;

[0035] A second hinge seat is provided on the other side of the sealing frame, and a locking seat is hinged to the second hinge seat;

[0036] The locking seat is threaded with a screw rod, which can be tightened to lock the locking tongue.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] In this invention, by using integrated sensors to monitor fire parameters in real time, the device can accurately determine the stage of fire development and automatically and selectively activate corresponding functions such as cooling and fire extinguishing.

[0039] In this invention, the buffer support component can actively select and configure buffer plates with different performance according to the predicted impact intensity. After completing the buffering and energy absorption, the component can also serve as a rigid support structure to ensure that the isolation door can still maintain the critical working space after the impact, thus ensuring the normal operation of subsequent cooling and fire extinguishing. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a multi-layered fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines;

[0041] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a multi-layered fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the isolation door panel;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the buffer support component;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the buffer plate;

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Extension plate; 2. Sealing frame; 3. Isolation door panel; 4. Mounting bracket; 5. First supply plate; 6. Second supply plate; 21. First hinge seat; 22. Second hinge seat; 23. Locking seat; 24. Screw; 31. Outer frame; 32. Ventilation plate; 33. First nozzle; 34. Second nozzle; 35. Buffer support assembly; 36. Drive component; 351. Connecting column; 352. Mounting base; 353. Turntable; 354. Buffer plate; 3541. Collapse guide hole; 355. Rotating base; 41. Reinforcing frame; 42. Locking tongue. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0047] Example: In this embodiment of the invention, please refer to... Figures 1-5 A multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines is provided, comprising:

[0048] Extension plate 1, wherein the extension plate 1 is configured as a frame structure and is partially embedded in the mine rock strata;

[0049] Sealing frame 2 is installed on the extension plate 1;

[0050] Mounting bracket 4, one end of which is hinged to the sealing frame 2, and the other end of which can be locked to the sealing frame 2;

[0051] The isolation door panel 3 is installed on the mounting frame 4 and is pressed against the sealing frame 2 as the mounting frame 4 moves;

[0052] The isolation door panel 3 includes components that provide buffering, cooling, and fire extinguishing functions, and the isolation door panel 3 automatically adjusts the working state of these functions in response to the fire.

[0053] In this embodiment, the extension plate 1 of the frame structure is partially embedded in the rock strata of the mine, thereby providing an installation base for the entire device that is integrated with the mine structure. Subsequently, the sealing frame 2 is installed on the extension plate 1 as a fireproof and isolated sealing interface.

[0054] One end of the mounting bracket 4 is hinged to the sealing frame 2, forming a rotating structure similar to a door leaf. The other end is designed as a lockable movable end. The isolation door panel 3 is fixed on the mounting bracket 4 and moves with the mounting bracket 4. When it is necessary to close the isolation channel, the mounting bracket 4 is operated to rotate around the hinged end until its movable end is locked and connected to the sealing frame 2. This process will drive the isolation door panel 3 to press tightly against the sealing frame 2, thereby forming a physical barrier.

[0055] Furthermore, once the isolation door 3 is closed and in a fire environment, its integrated components, which provide buffering, cooling, and fire extinguishing functions, are activated. Crucially, the device's response is not static but can automatically adjust the operational status of these functions in response to the fire situation.

[0056] For example, in the early stages of a fire, the buffer function may be activated first to resist the shock wave; as the temperature rises, the cooling function will be activated; and when an open flame or combustible gas is detected, the fire extinguishing function will be activated, thereby achieving multi-level, adaptive, and intelligent protection.

[0057] In this embodiment, the isolation door panel 3 includes:

[0058] The outer frame 31 is fixed to the mounting bracket 4 and has a slot;

[0059] A breathable plate 32 is slidably disposed at the groove of the outer frame 31;

[0060] The first nozzle 33 is installed in the upper space inside the outer frame 31 and is used to spray cooling water.

[0061] The second nozzle 34 is installed in the lower space inside the outer frame 31 and is used to spray flame-retardant gas;

[0062] An integrated sensor is installed on the ventilated plate 32 to monitor fire parameters;

[0063] The integrated sensor controls the first nozzle 33 and / or the second nozzle 34 to selectively open or close based on the monitored fire parameters.

[0064] An integrated sensor is a composite unit that integrates multiple detection elements, such as thermocouples or thermistors for monitoring ambient temperature, photoelectric or ionization smoke detectors for detecting smoke concentration, and ultraviolet or infrared flame detectors for identifying the spectrum of open flames. These sensors work together to convert multiple dimensions of the fire situation (such as the rate of temperature change, smoke concentration, and the presence of flames) into electrical signals.

[0065] The integrated sensor's internal or connected control unit has a preset logic algorithm to analyze the collected fire parameters. For example, when the temperature slowly rises above a certain threshold but no open flame is detected, the system may determine that it is in the early stage of a fire and only activate the cooling function; when the temperature rises sharply and is accompanied by an open flame signal, the system determines that the fire is intense and will activate both cooling and fire extinguishing functions simultaneously. Based on this judgment, the integrated sensor will issue control commands to selectively open or close the first nozzle 33 and / or the second nozzle 34.

[0066] The first nozzle 33 is installed in the upper space inside the outer frame 31 and is used to spray cooling water. When triggered, water mist or water column is sprayed from above, using the high specific heat capacity and vaporization heat absorption effect of water to quickly absorb the heat near and through the isolation door panel 3, reduce the ambient temperature, effectively prevent the fire from spreading through heat radiation or heat conduction, and protect the isolation door panel 3 itself from being damaged by high temperature.

[0067] The second nozzle 34 is installed in the lower space inside the outer frame 31 and is used to spray flame-retardant gas. When triggered, flame-retardant gas with a density greater than air, such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide, is released from below. It can quickly settle in the fire source area, displacing and diluting the oxygen in the air, causing the combustion to be suffocated due to the lack of oxidizer, thereby achieving the purpose of direct fire extinguishing.

[0068] Furthermore, the spray direction of the first nozzle 33 is toward the vent plate 32.

[0069] When the first nozzle 33 is activated, the cooling water it sprays does not propel itself into the open space, but instead directly impacts the surface of the permeable plate 32. During this process, a rapid exchange occurs between the kinetic energy carried by the water and the heat energy absorbed by the cooling plate 32. The water quickly absorbs the heat from the plate 32, causing its temperature to drop significantly and ensuring the integrity of the permeable plate 32.

[0070] In this embodiment, a buffer support assembly 35 is also provided between the outer frame 31 and the ventilated plate 32. The buffer support assembly 35 is configured to: provide adaptive buffering for the ventilated plate 32 based on fire parameters when subjected to the first impact; and then provide support for the ventilated plate 32 so that the ventilated plate 32 maintains a fixed position relative to the outer frame 31, thereby maintaining a preset space between the outer frame 31 and the ventilated plate 32 for the first nozzle 33 and the second nozzle 34 to work.

[0071] When a fire occurs, especially when accompanied by a gas or coal dust explosion, this device will first withstand a momentary, high-intensity shock wave. At this time, before the initial impact, the buffer support assembly 35 provides adaptive buffering for the ventilated plate 32 based on fire parameters. After the energy of the initial impact is effectively absorbed, the buffer support assembly 35 can also provide support for the ventilated plate 32, aiming to maintain the ventilated plate 32 in a fixed position relative to the outer frame 31, thereby maintaining a preset space between the outer frame 31 and the ventilated plate 32 for the first nozzle 33 and the second nozzle 34 to operate. If this space collapses or changes due to the impact, the first nozzle 33 and the second nozzle 34 will be unable to operate, and the entire fire extinguishing system will be paralyzed.

[0072] Specifically, the buffer support assembly 35 includes:

[0073] Two connecting columns 351 are provided, one of which is fixed to the outer frame 31 and the other is fixed to the ventilated plate 32.

[0074] Mounting base 352, the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the two connecting posts 351 respectively, and the mounting base 352 has a slot inside;

[0075] Rotate the base 355 and fix it on the outer frame 31;

[0076] The turntable 353 is rotatably mounted on the rotating base 355;

[0077] Multiple buffer plates 354 are distributed along the circumferential direction and are magnetically attracted to the turntable 353. That is, multiple electromagnets are arranged on the turntable 353 for magnetically attracting the buffer plates 354.

[0078] The mounting base 352 is located below the rotation path of the turntable 353, so that the buffer plate 354 can rotate into or out of the slot.

[0079] When the integrated sensor detects fire parameters indicating an impending explosion or strong impact (such as a sudden change in pressure), the corresponding electromagnet shuts off, causing one of the buffer plates 354 to detach from the turntable 353 and fall into a slot in the mounting base 352 under gravity. When the shock wave actually arrives, energy is transferred to the mounting base 352 through the vent plate 32 and the connecting post 351. At this time, the mounting base 352 compresses the buffer plate 354 that was pre-placed in the slot. The buffer plate 354 is designed to undergo controlled plastic deformation or crushing after reaching its stress threshold, absorbing a large amount of impact kinetic energy through the destruction of its own structure, thereby protecting the main structure from damage. This is a purely energy dissipation process.

[0080] After the impact energy is absorbed and the buffer plate 354 collapses, the turntable 353 and the other buffer plates 354 adsorbed on it change their function from standby to support. Together, they form a multi-point mechanical limiting structure, preventing the mounting base 352 and the vent plate 32 from continuing to move due to residual stress or subsequent disturbance. This support ensures that the preset space between the outer frame 31 and the vent plate 32 is maintained, providing structural protection for the normal operation of the subsequent first nozzle 33 and second nozzle 34.

[0081] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned buffer plates 354 has a different structure and / or material to provide different cushioning performance;

[0082] The outer frame 31 is also provided with a driving component 36, which is connected to the turntable 353 for driving the turntable 353 to rotate.

[0083] When the integrated sensors detect fire parameters, the control unit performs a rapid risk assessment. This assessment goes beyond simply determining whether an impact will occur; it analyzes the nature and intensity of the impact. For example, by analyzing the rise rate and peak value of the pressure wave, it can distinguish between a localized, small-scale gas deflagration and a large-scale coal dust explosion, thus allowing for the selection of appropriate protective strategies.

[0084] Once the strategy is selected, the control unit sends a command to the drive unit 36. The drive unit 36 ​​is the key actuator for achieving active selection; it can be implemented as a servo motor, stepper motor, or precision hydraulic motor, all of which can achieve precise angle control. The drive unit 36 ​​drives the turntable 353 to rotate via a transmission connection (e.g., gear set, synchronous belt, etc.).

[0085] Because each buffer plate 354 has a different structure and / or material, it corresponds to a specific buffering performance (such as different starting force thresholds, energy absorption curves, crushing strokes, etc.). The control unit commands the drive unit 36 ​​to rotate the turntable 353 by a specific angle so that the buffer plate 354 with the required buffering performance is precisely aligned with the slot above the mounting base 352.

[0086] After the target buffer plate 354 is in place, the selected buffer plate 354 can be released into the slot.

[0087] Furthermore, the depth of the slot is configured to accommodate at least two of the buffer plates 354.

[0088] In this embodiment, by allowing the slot to accommodate at least two buffer plates 354, the device is able to combine different buffer plates.

[0089] Specifically, when the integrated sensors detect complex fire parameters, the control unit performs a more advanced assessment. Instead of judging the level of impact, it analyzes the waveform of the impact—for example, whether it contains a sharp initial pulse followed by a sustained high-pressure plateau.

[0090] Based on this, different buffer combinations can be provided. For example:

[0091] For complex impacts of "peak + high pressure", a softer buffer plate A and a harder buffer plate B are released into the slot one after the other.

[0092] When the impact occurs, the composite buffer unit consisting of buffer plate A and buffer plate B begins to work together: the soft buffer plate A is compressed first, absorbing the initial peak energy with its long stroke and smoothing the impact curve; then, the hard buffer plate B intervenes, resisting the subsequent continuous high pressure with its high strength and preventing over-compression.

[0093] It should be explained that the control unit is a conventional technical component in this field, such as a microcontroller. Its function is to analyze the impact waveform data input from the integrated sensor according to an internally preset evaluation model. For example, it determines whether the waveform conforms to preset characteristics such as "peak + high pressure". This technology of data processing, pattern matching, and outputting control signals based on sensor input is common knowledge in the fields of automatic control and signal processing, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0094] Furthermore, the surface of the buffer plate 354 is provided with collapse guide holes 3541, and the turntable 353 is provided with guide posts that cooperate with the collapse guide holes 3541.

[0095] When the buffer plate 354 is magnetically attached to the turntable 353, the guide post on the turntable 353 will penetrate and fill the collapse guide hole 3541. The fundamental purpose of this engagement is to improve the overall structural strength of the buffer plate 354 in the standby state.

[0096] The collapse guide hole 3541 is essentially a structural weak point on the buffer plate 354. In this way, the originally rigid buffer plate 354 will undergo orderly and predictable plastic deformation (i.e., "collapse") according to a preset pattern, thereby smoothly converting the kinetic energy of the impact into structural deformation energy and achieving efficient buffering and energy absorption.

[0097] In this embodiment, the mounting bracket 4 includes a reinforcing bracket 41 and a locking tongue 42;

[0098] A first hinge seat 21 is provided on one side of the sealing frame 2, and the reinforcing frame 41 is hinged to the first hinge seat 21.

[0099] A second hinge seat 22 is provided on the other side of the sealing frame 2, and a locking seat 23 is hinged on the second hinge seat 22;

[0100] The locking seat 23 is threaded with a screw 24, which can be tightened to lock the locking tongue 42.

[0101] When the isolation door panel 3 is closed, the locking seat 23 is rotated, causing the locking tongue 42 located on the mounting bracket 4 to be positioned within the locking seat 23. After the locking tongue 42 is in place, the final locking step begins. By rotating the screw 24, the screw moves linearly along its axis. As the screw 24 is tightened, its end presses against the locking tongue 42, ultimately pressing the isolation door panel 3 firmly against the sealing frame 2 with tremendous pressure.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layered fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines, characterized in that, include: Extension plate (1), the extension plate (1) is configured as a frame structure and is partially embedded in the mine rock strata; A sealing frame (2) is installed on the extension plate (1); Mounting bracket (4), one end of which is hinged to the sealing frame (2), and the other end of which can be locked to the sealing frame (2); The isolation door panel (3) is installed on the mounting frame (4) and is pressed against the sealing frame (2) as the mounting frame (4) moves; The isolation door panel (3) includes components that can provide buffering, cooling and fire extinguishing functions, and the isolation door panel (3) automatically adjusts the working state of the functions affected by the fire. The isolation door panel (3) includes: The outer frame (31) is fixed to the mounting bracket (4) and has a slot; A breathable plate (32) is slidably disposed at the slot of the outer frame (31); The first nozzle (33) is installed in the upper space inside the outer frame (31) for spraying cooling water. The second nozzle (34) is installed in the lower space inside the outer frame (31) for spraying flame-retardant gas; An integrated sensor is installed on the ventilated plate (32) to monitor fire parameters; The integrated sensor controls the first nozzle (33) and / or the second nozzle (34) to selectively open or close based on the monitored fire parameters. A buffer support assembly (35) is also provided between the outer frame (31) and the ventilated plate (32). The buffer support assembly (35) is configured to: provide adaptive buffering for the ventilated plate (32) based on fire parameters when subjected to the first impact; and then provide support for the ventilated plate (32) so that the ventilated plate (32) maintains a fixed position relative to the outer frame (31), thereby maintaining a preset space between the outer frame (31) and the ventilated plate (32) for the first nozzle (33) and the second nozzle (34) to work. The buffer support assembly (35) includes: Connecting column (351), the connecting column (351) is configured as two, one of the connecting columns (351) is fixed on the outer frame (31), and the other connecting column (351) is fixed on the breathable plate (32); Mounting base (352), the two ends of which are fixedly connected to the two connecting posts (351) respectively, and the mounting base (352) has a slot inside; Rotate the base (355) and fix it to the outer frame (31); A turntable (353) is rotatably mounted on the rotating base (355); Multiple buffer plates (354) are distributed along the circumferential direction and are magnetically attached to the turntable (353); The mounting base (352) is located below the rotation path of the turntable (353) so that the buffer plate (354) can rotate into or out of the slot.

2. The multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first nozzle (33) sprays towards the vent plate (32).

3. The multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned buffer plates (354) has a different structure and / or material to provide different cushioning performance; The outer frame (31) is also provided with a driving component (36), which is connected to the turntable (353) for driving the turntable (353) to rotate.

4. A multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the slot is configured to accommodate at least two of the buffer plates (354).

5. A multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the buffer plate (354) is provided with collapse guide holes (3541), and the turntable (353) is provided with guide posts that cooperate with the collapse guide holes (3541).

6. A multi-layer fireproof isolation device for underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (4) includes a reinforcing bracket (41) and a locking tongue (42). A first hinge seat (21) is provided on one side of the sealing frame (2), and the reinforcing frame (41) is hinged to the first hinge seat (21); A second hinge seat (22) is provided on the other side of the sealing frame (2), and a locking seat (23) is hinged on the second hinge seat (22). The locking seat (23) is threaded with a screw (24), which can be tightened to lock the locking tongue (42).

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