A five-axis three-coordinate detection method for a compressor rotor blade tenon rim plate

Abstract

The application discloses a five-axis three-coordinate detection method for a tenon rim plate of a compressor rotor blade, adopts a five-axis measuring head, and first divides a distance size to be measured of the tenon rim plate into three types, i.e., parallel features on the tenon or the rim plate at two ends of a size line of the distance size to be measured, non-parallel features on the tenon or the rim plate at two ends of the size line of the distance size to be measured, or a surface on the tenon or the rim plate at one end of the size line of the distance size to be measured and an undetermined collection point position on the tenon or the rim plate at the other end. Then, the distance between two points, the distance between a surface and a straight line and the distance between a determined point and an undetermined point are checked according to different types. Compared with the existing manual standard sample method and the three-coordinate detection method of a traditional measuring head, the application has high detection efficiency, accurate detection results and small detection errors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aero-engine component blade inspection technology, specifically involving a five-axis three-coordinate inspection method for the tenon and flange dimensions of compressor rotor blades. Background Technology

[0002] Aero-engine blades operate under conditions of high temperature, high pressure, and high speed for extended periods. The quality of the blades directly impacts the performance, lifespan, and safety of the aero-engine. Blades are among the most stress-bearing and weight-bearing components of an aero-engine. Ensuring the quality of the aero-engine and the smooth installation of the blades into the turbine disk is crucial for achieving efficient energy conversion. Therefore, in engine component inspection, the inspection of blade tenons and blade dimensions is of paramount importance for the stable and high-quality operation of aero-engines.

[0003] The compressor rotor blade profile is a complex three-dimensional curved surface with high curvature and high precision requirements for machining and inspection. The profile of each section from the blade root to the blade tip is different. Domestically and internationally, the main methods for inspecting blade tenons and rim plates are manual standard templates and coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). The manual standard template method is inefficient and inaccurate, requiring repeated use of different templates and measuring tools. Traditional CMMs, during data acquisition, are affected by blade profile interference, extracting unnecessary redundant and invalid data points, making it impossible to comprehensively and accurately measure the dimensions of the blade tenons and rim plates. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a five-axis three-coordinate measurement method for the tenon edge plate of compressor rotor blades, which solves the problem of high-precision and high-efficiency measurement of the tenon edge plate of compressor rotor blades.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A five-axis coordinate measuring machine method for inspecting the tenon edge plate of a compressor rotor blade, employing a five-axis measuring head, and comprising: Step 1: Divide the distance dimensions to be measured on the tenon edge plate into the following 3 types: Type 1, where the ends of the dimension line to be measured are located in parallel features on the tenon or edge plate, the parallel features including two parallel planes; Type 2, where the ends of the dimension line to be measured are located in non-parallel features on the tenon or edge plate, and the non-parallel features include two non-parallel planes; Type 3: One end of the dimension line of the distance to be measured is located on the surface of the tenon or flange, and the other end is located at a non-determined sampling point on the compressor rotor blade or outside the compressor rotor blade; Step 2: Measure the distance dimensions to be measured for different types of tenon edge plates: For type 1, take one point on each parallel feature and use the distance between the two points as the distance measurement dimension; For type 2, take a face and a straight line on the non-parallel feature, and measure the dimension by the distance between the plane and the straight line; For type 3, take a point on the surface of the tenon or edge plate, define another point on the tenon or edge plate, and use the distance between the two points as the distance measurement dimension; It should be noted that for types 1 and 3, the distance between two points refers to the projected length of the line connecting the two points in the direction parallel to the measurement dimension line. When the line connecting the two points is in the same direction as the measurement dimension, the length of the line is equal to the measurement dimension; otherwise, it is necessary to project the line in the direction of the measurement dimension.

[0006] Step 3: Under the premise of ensuring that the five-axis measuring head does not interfere with the compressor rotor blades, solve the coordinate values ​​of the five-axis measuring head, the rotation axis angle A of the measuring base, and the rotation axis angle B of the probe in reverse according to the position of the measuring points involved in the points, lines, and surfaces taken in Step 2. Step 4: Collect all measurement points involved in the points, lines, and surfaces selected in Step 2 and output the results.

[0007] Alternatively, the five-axis measuring head is the Renishaw Revo2 five-axis measuring head.

[0008] As one possible approach, in step 2, For type 2, a surface in the non-parallel feature is established by sampling points at three different measurement points, and two intersecting planes are established by sampling points at six other different measurement points. The intersection of the two intersecting planes forms a straight line in the non-parallel feature.

[0009] As one possible approach, in step 4, the location of the measuring point includes: Points 1, 2, and 3 are located on the blade side end face of the fin plate and corresponding to the blade back side; Points 10, 11, and 12 are located on the blade side end face of the rim plate and corresponding to the leaf basin side; Points 5, 6, and 7 are located on the circumferential surface of the edge plate and simultaneously correspond to the leaf basin side and the first end face of the tenon root. Points 13, 14, and 15 are located on the circumferential surface of the edge plate and simultaneously correspond to the back side of the blade and the second end face of the tenon root. Point 4 is located on the circumferential surface of the flange and corresponds to both the blade basin side and the first tenon tooth surface of the tenon. Point 9 is located on the circumferential surface of the flange and corresponds to both the blade back side and the second tenon tooth surface of the tenon. Point 8 is located on the first end face of the root of the tenon; Point 16 is located on the second end face of the root of the tenon.

[0010] As one approach, in step 4, when sampling all measuring points, first sample the measuring points near the origin of the coordinate measuring machine, and then sample the measuring points on the edge plate and tenon.

[0011] As one approach, step 4 includes setting the contact distance, contact speed, contact acceleration, retraction distance, retraction speed, and retraction acceleration of the five-axis measuring head before sampling all measurement points.

[0012] Compared with existing manual standard template methods and traditional probe-based coordinate measuring machine (CMM) methods, this invention has the following characteristics: (1) By improving the detection method and constructing detection elements, the measurement method of compressor rotor blade tenon edge plate was improved on the basis of ensuring detection accuracy, avoiding invalid and redundant sampling points and improving measurement efficiency; (2) By optimizing the detection parameters and the order of data points, and prioritizing the adjustment of the rotation angle A of the probe base and the rotation angle B of the probe of the five-axis measuring head, the detection efficiency of all detection elements was improved. (3) By setting the rotation angle A of the probe base and the rotation angle B of the probe of the five-axis measuring head, the inertial error of the three-coordinate measuring machine is reduced compared with the traditional three-coordinate measuring head, and the measurement error of the distance between the tenon edge plate of the compressor rotor blade is reduced. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a top view of the compressor rotor blades; Figure 2 This is a front view of the compressor rotor blades; Figure 3 This is a left view of the compressor rotor blades; Figure 4 It is the location of the measuring point in the top view of the compressor rotor blades; Figure 5 It is the location of the measuring point in the main view of the compressor rotor blade; Figure 6 It is the position of the measuring point in the left view of the compressor rotor blade; Figure 7 It is the position of the measuring point in the right view of the compressor rotor blade; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurement process for the distance between the tenon and the flange of the compressor rotor blade. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the interference between a five-axis measuring head and the compressor rotor blades during three-coordinate measurement. Figure 10It is a schematic diagram of a plane and a straight line corresponding to a non-parallel feature on the edge plate of a compressor rotor blade, wherein the straight line is formed by the intersection of two other planes; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions to be inspected for the tenons and flanges on the compressor rotor blades; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the probe base and probe rotation angle of the Renishaw five-axis measuring head. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments. All modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0015] This invention proposes a novel detection method for measuring the dimensions of the tenons and flanges of compressor rotor blades, including the following: 1) Abandon the traditional method of using measuring heads to inspect tenons and flanges, and instead use the Renishaw Revo2 five-axis measuring head to complete the dimensional inspection of tenons and flanges. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the Renishaw five-axis measuring head includes a probe base and a probe, and has two more rotating axes than a traditional measuring head, with rotation angles A and B respectively.

[0016] 2) Optimize the acquisition sequence of measurement points and improve the construction method of detection elements (non-parallel features). For example, Figure 11 As shown, the distance dimensions to be measured on the tenon and the flange are not distributed in the same direction of the compressor rotor blade, but are dispersed in different directions of the flange and the tenon. In terms of the acquisition sequence of the measurement points, this invention prioritizes the measurement points that are closer to the origin of the coordinate measuring machine, and then completes the other measurement points on the flange and the tenon in sequence.

[0017] 3) Inspection is performed using single-detection elements, double-detection elements, and structural elements. The distance dimensions to be measured on the tenon and flange are divided into three types: when both ends of the dimension line to be measured are located in parallel features on the tenon or flange, it is a double-detection element; when both ends of the dimension line to be measured are located in non-parallel features on the tenon or flange, it is a structural element; when one end of the dimension line to be measured is located on the surface of the tenon or flange, and the other end is located at a non-determined sampling point on the tenon or flange, it is a single-detection element.

[0018] 4) Select appropriate five-axis measuring head detection parameters, including two directions. One direction is the relevant parameters before the five-axis measuring head collects data, including contact distance, contact speed, and contact acceleration. The other direction is the relevant parameters after the five-axis measuring head collects data, including retraction distance, retraction speed, and retraction acceleration. This improves efficiency while ensuring the accuracy of blade detection and the accuracy of detection results.

[0019] against Figures 1-3 The compressor rotor blades shown, and Figure 11 The distances to be measured on the compressor rotor blades shown are (1), (6), (7), (8), (9), (11), and (12). The detection method of the present invention is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the specific content is as follows: 1. Use the DMIS coordinate measuring machine programming language to generate the standard template for the program.

[0020] 2. Based on the characteristics of the part to be measured, use the RECALL program to call the probe and write the SNSLCT program statement to complete the setting of the initial angle of the probe and the probe base.

[0021] 3. Write a RECALL / DA(PCS) program segment to directly call up the part's measurement coordinate system based on the part's mathematical model, or manually establish the part's datum using the "three, two, one" principle—that is, three points determine a plane, two points determine a straight line, and one point determines the origin. This will complete the calling and establishment of the part's measurement coordinate system.

[0022] To strictly control the measurement dimensions of the compressor rotor blade tenons and flanges, and to reduce the limitations imposed by the parts on the dynamic measurement movements of the five-axis measuring head, it is necessary to avoid interference between the five-axis measuring head's detection position and the compressor rotor blades. Therefore, the position and angle of the five-axis measuring head need to be estimated before data acquisition to prevent interference, collisions, and measurement limitations during the measurement process. Figure 9 As shown in the diagram, circles represent probe holders, and bold lines represent probes. When designing the position of the five-axis measuring head, it is necessary to ensure that it is within the detectable area and will not interfere or collide with the compressor rotor blades during movement. After all the measuring point positions are determined, the X, Y, and Z axis coordinates of the five-axis measuring head, as well as the rotation axis angle A of the probe holder and the rotation axis angle B of the probe are calculated in reverse using the measuring point positions.

[0023] Different sampling points and measurement methods are required for measuring different tenons and flanges. Figure 11 The present invention categorizes seven types of tenons and edge plates to be measured, including (1), (6), (7), (8), (9), (11), and (12). These are divided into three types: 1. Parallel features to be detected: including parallel lines, parallel planes or distance features that are vectors in the same direction, wherein the measured dimensions (6) and (11) are parallel feature detection elements.

[0024] 2. Non-parallel features to be detected: including distance features of non-parallel lines and non-parallel planes, of which the measured dimension (8) is a non-parallel feature detection element.

[0025] 3. Non-deterministic acquisition point location feature elements: that is, the distance dimensions of non-deterministic detection positions are measured according to the coordinate system of the part, where the measured dimensions (1), (7), (9), and (12) are non-deterministic acquisition point location feature elements.

[0026] The measurement point locations of this invention are shown in Table 1 and... Figures 4-7 As shown in Table 1, PNT is an abbreviation for POINT. Table 1 Detection Element Table

[0027] 1. A comprehensive acquisition method is used to collect all measurement point locations, forming the detection elements required for basic detection, such as points, lines, and surfaces. Among them, PNT1, PNT2, and PNT3 are necessary sampling points for constructing planar detection elements in Plane 1 (PLANE1); PNT5, PNT6, and PNT7 are necessary sampling points for constructing planar detection elements in Plane 2 (PLANE2); PNT10, PNT11, and PNT12 are necessary sampling points for constructing planar detection elements in Plane 3 (PLANE3), which can replace Plane 1 (PLANE1); PNT13, PNT14, and PNT15 are necessary sampling points for constructing planar detection elements in Plane 4 (PLANE); the remaining PNT4, PNT8, PNT9, and PNT16 are point features.

[0028] 2. For different measurement dimensions, use the TOL (DISTB) program to develop and set the inspection tolerance and distance calculation methods, and complete the setting of theoretical values ​​and tolerance values ​​for different inspection elements.

[0029] 3. Output the actual test results for different measurement dimensions, and use the OUTPUT program command to complete the output and processing of different test results.

[0030] After completing the sampling of all measuring points according to the operation sequence, it is necessary to process them separately according to different types of dimensions to be inspected. For measuring dimensions (6) and (11), which are parallel features of two parallel planes, it is necessary to first collect data points PNT4 and PNT8 in a non-interference state with the coordinate measuring machine. Secondly, after completing data points PNT4 and PNT8, it is necessary to keep the coordinate measuring machine in the X direction and only allow the coordinate measuring machine to collect points along the Y and Z directions, that is, to complete the data point acquisition of PNT16 and PNT9. Figure 11 Set tolerances and complete the inspection of parallel feature measurement dimensions; for measurement dimension (8), which is a non-parallel feature consisting of a surface and a straight line, establish PLANE2 through PNT5, PNT6 and PNT7, establish PLANE1 through PNT1, PNT2 and PNT3, and then establish PLANE4 through PLANE13, PNT14 and PNT15. ​​Next, use the best-fit algorithm (BestFit) CONST / PLANE statement in the coordinate measuring machine program to establish the intersection line of PLANE1 and PLANE4 to construct a straight line. Finally, according to Figure 11 Set tolerances and complete the inspection of non-parallel feature measurement dimensions of a surface and a straight line; finally, for the measurement dimensions (1), (7), (12), and (9), which are non-determined acquisition point features, it is necessary to first acquire the measurement point position of a tenon and edge plate surface according to the measurement dimensions (1), (7), (12), and (9), and then define the coordinate position and direction vector i, j, and k of another theoretical non-determined measurement point. Finally, after the five-axis measuring head has acquired the measurement point position of the tenon and edge plate surface, determine the theoretical value and tolerance of the current inspection element and output the actual size of the feature vector direction.

[0031] The following pseudocode demonstrates Figure 11 Measurement methods for three typical dimensions: (6) (distance between two parallel surfaces on the circumference of the flange), (8) (maximum distance between two non-parallel surfaces on the circumference of the flange), and (9) (distance from the center of the flange to the circumferential surface of the flange). 1. The program initializes the coordinate measuring machine program by default. DMISMN / 'START TEMPLATE',05,02 DV(0)=DMESWV / '17,1,0,255' 2. Set the measurement unit UNITS / MM, ANGDEC 3. Set detection parameters Set proximity distance SNSET / APPRCH,3 Set back distance SNSET / RETRACT,3 Set to measure acceleration ACLRAT / MEACL, MMPSS, 100 Set measurement speed FEDRAT / MESVEL, MMPSS, 10 Set probe turning speed ACLRAT / HEADMESACL,MMPSS,100 Set probe rotation acceleration FEDRAT / HEADMESVEL, MMPS, 10 Set position acceleration ACLRAT / POSACL,MMPS,400 Set position speed FEDRAT / POSVEL,MMPS400 4. Selection of the probe for the coordinate measuring machine RECALL / SA(RSH250_D2L30_460.1.30.2.A0.0-B0.0) SNSLCT / SA(RSH250_D2L30_460.1.30.2.A0.0-B0.0),HEADCS,0,0 5. Part reference call RECALL / DA(PCS) 6. Detection of parallel feature size (6) Select manual sampling, probe contact mode. MODE / PROG,MAN Manually collect data points PNT8 and PNT16 and record the characteristics of the data points. F(PNT8) = FEAT / POINT, CART (position of manually collected data point PNT8) MEAS / POINT, F (PNT8), 1 PTMEAS / CART, CART (position of rollback data point PNT8) ENDMES F(PNT16) = FEAT / POINT, CART (position of manually collected data point PNT16) MEAS / POINT, F (PNT16), 1 PTMEAS / CART, CART (position of rollback data point PNT16) ENDMES 7. Set the test result labels and tolerance ranges, and output the results. TEXT / OUTFIL, 'Measurement dimension 6' T(6) = TOL / DISTB, NOMIAL, theoretical value, theoretical tolerance, XAXIS, AVG OUTPUT / FA(PNT8),FA(PNT16),TA(6) 8. Detection of non-parallel feature measurement dimension (8) Select manual sampling, probe contact mode, and establish detection features for plane 1 and plane 2. F(PLANE1) = FEAT / PLANE,CART(theoretical position of PLANE1) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT1 coordinate position) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT2 coordinate position) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT3 coordinate position) ENDME F(PLANE2) = FEAT / PLANE,CART(theoretical position of PLANE2) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT5 coordinate position) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT6 coordinate position) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT7 coordinate position) ENDME F(PLANE4) = FEAT / PLANE,CART (theoretical position of PLANE4) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT13 coordinate position) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT14 coordinate position) PTMEAS / CART, (POINT 15 coordinate position) ENDME 9. Construct intersecting plane line elements CONST / LINE,F(LINE1),INTOF,FA(PLANE4),FA(PLANE1) 10. Set the test result labels and tolerance ranges, and output the results. TEXT / OUTFIL, 'Measurement Dimensions 8' T(8) = TOL / DISTB, NOMIAL, theoretical value, theoretical tolerance, XAXIS, AVG OUTPUT / FA(PLANE2),FA(LINE1),TA(8) 11. Detection of feature measurement dimensions (9) of non-deterministic acquisition points Select manual sampling, probe contact mode. MODE / AUTO, PROG, MAX F(PNT9) = FEAT / POINT, CART (theoretical position of PNT9) MEAS / POINT,F(PNT9),1 ENDMES 12. Define the origin and feature points. FA(POINT0)=FEAR / POINT,CART,0,0,0,0,0,1 13. Set the test result labels and tolerance ranges, and output the results. TEXT / OUTFIL, 'Measurement Dimensions 9' T(9) = TOL / DISTB, NOMIAL, theoretical value, theoretical tolerance, XAXIS, AVG OUTPUT / FA(PNT9),FA(POINT0),TA(9) Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although illustrative specific embodiments of the invention have been described above to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. Various modifications are readily apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions utilizing the concept of this invention are protected.

Claims

1. A five-axis three-coordinate measurement method for the tenon edge plate of a compressor rotor blade, characterized in that, It employs a five-axis measuring head and includes: Step 1: Divide the distance dimensions of the tenon edge plate to be measured into the following 3 types: Type 1, where the ends of the dimension line to be measured are located in parallel features on the tenon or edge plate, the parallel features including two parallel planes; Type 2, where the ends of the dimension line to be measured are located in non-parallel features on the tenon or edge plate, and the non-parallel features include two non-parallel planes; Type 3: One end of the dimension line of the distance to be measured is located on the surface of the tenon or flange, and the other end is located on the compressor rotor blade or at a non-determined sampling point location outside the compressor rotor blade; Step 2: Measure the distance to be measured for different types of tenon edge plates: For type 1, take one point on each parallel feature and use the distance between the two points as the distance measurement dimension; For type 2, take a plane and a straight line on the non-parallel feature, and use the distance between the plane and the straight line as the distance measurement dimension; For type 3, take a point on the surface of the tenon or edge plate, define another point at the location of the non-determined sampling point, and use the distance between the two points as the distance measurement dimension; Step 3: Under the premise of ensuring that the five-axis measuring head does not interfere with the compressor rotor blades, solve the coordinate values ​​of the five-axis measuring head, the rotation axis angle A of the measuring base, and the rotation axis angle B of the probe in reverse according to the position of the measuring points involved in the points, lines, and surfaces taken in Step 2. Step 4: Collect data from all the measurement points involved in the points, lines, and surfaces selected in Step 2 and output the results; In step 2, for type 2, a surface in the non-parallel feature is established by sampling three different measurement points, and two intersecting planes are established by sampling six other different measurement points. The intersection line of the two intersecting planes forms a straight line in the non-parallel feature. In step 4, the locations of the measuring points include: Points 1, 2, and 3 are located on the blade side end face of the fin plate and corresponding to the blade back side; Points 10, 11, and 12 are located on the blade side end face of the rim plate and corresponding to the leaf basin side; Points 5, 6, and 7 are located on the circumferential surface of the edge plate and simultaneously correspond to the leaf basin side and the first end face of the tenon root. Points 13, 14, and 15 are located on the circumferential surface of the edge plate and simultaneously correspond to the back side of the blade and the second end face of the tenon root. Point 4 is located on the circumferential surface of the flange and corresponds to both the blade basin side and the first tenon tooth surface of the tenon. Point 9 is located on the circumferential surface of the flange and corresponds to both the blade back side and the second tenon tooth surface of the tenon. Point 8 is located on the first end face of the root of the tenon; Point 16 is located on the second end face of the root of the tenon; In step 4, when sampling all measuring points, first, the measuring points near the origin of the coordinate measuring machine are sampled, and then the measuring points on the edge plate and tenon are sampled.

2. The five-axis three-coordinate measurement method for the tenon edge plate of a compressor rotor blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The five-axis measuring head is the Renishaw Revo2 five-axis measuring head.

3. The five-axis three-coordinate measurement method for the tenon edge plate of a compressor rotor blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, before sampling all measurement points, the contact distance, contact speed, contact acceleration, retraction distance, retraction speed, and retraction acceleration of the five-axis measuring head are set.

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