Dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna and radar system

Abstract

The application discloses a dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna and a radar system, and relates to the technical field of antenna engineering. The antenna comprises a metal bottom plate and N pieces of independent dual-polarized linear arrays; each dual-polarized linear array comprises a multilayer dual-polarized feed network, a non-metallic dielectric support layer and a dual-polarized radiation patch layer; the dual-polarized radiation patch layer is provided with M radiation patches; the multilayer dual-polarized feed network comprises a vertical polarization feed subnetwork and a horizontal polarization feed subnetwork, and both of the vertical polarization feed subnetwork and the horizontal polarization feed subnetwork comprise a suspended strip line parallel power division network and M double-ridge waveguide slot coupling units; the M output nodes of the suspended strip line parallel power division network are coupled with the M double-ridge waveguide slot coupling units through corresponding metal ridge structures; and the M double-ridge waveguide slot coupling units are spatially aligned with the M radiation patches one by one. The application can simultaneously meet the requirements of wideband operation, high dual-polarized beam performance consistency, low feed loss and easy expansion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of antenna engineering technology, and particularly relates to a dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna and radar system. Background Technology

[0002] Dual-polarized one-dimensional scanning phased array antennas, with their combined operation of electronic elevation scanning and mechanical azimuth scanning, have been widely used in weather radar systems. This mode achieves rapid elevation beam scanning to improve data update rates while balancing system cost and engineering complexity, making it the mainstream technology choice in the current meteorological detection field. Weather radar utilizes dual-polarization information to accurately invert the shape, size, and phase of precipitation particles, effectively distinguishing different types such as rain, snow, and hail, thereby greatly enhancing the monitoring and identification capabilities of severe weather. In this context, the antenna, as the core component of the radar system, directly determines the final detection accuracy and efficiency.

[0003] To meet the demands of modern high-performance weather radar systems, dual-polarized phased array antennas must possess a series of stringent comprehensive performance indicators: high gain and narrow beamwidth to improve detection range and angular resolution; low sidelobe levels to suppress clutter and interference; high cross-polarization isolation to ensure the independence between dual-polarization channels and guarantee polarization information quality; wide-angle scanning capability to cover a wider airspace; and high consistency in dual-polarization beam performance (such as pointing, gain, and beamwidth), which is a key prerequisite for achieving accurate dual-polarization measurements. Furthermore, to support multi-radar collaborative networking and avoid frequency interference, the antenna also needs a wide operating frequency band.

[0004] To achieve high gain and narrow beamwidth, one-dimensional phased arrays typically require the integration of numerous radiating elements in the elevation dimension, forming a large-scale array. For such large-scale arrays, traditional feed network designs primarily employ series feeding, such as series-fed planar microstrip antenna arrays or waveguide slot antenna arrays. Their core advantage lies in the relatively simple feed path, which helps reduce transmission loss. Series-fed arrays can be divided into standing wave arrays and traveling wave arrays, but both have inherent drawbacks and cannot simultaneously meet all the aforementioned system requirements. Series-fed standing wave arrays: These operate based on the resonant principle, and their impedance bandwidth is typically narrow (e.g., the dual-polarized antenna array disclosed in patent document CN108461929A), making it difficult to cover the wide bandwidth required for radar networking. Furthermore, their lobe characteristics (such as sidelobe levels) are prone to deterioration when deviating from the design frequency.

[0005] Series-fed traveling wave arrays: Although a wider operating bandwidth can be achieved through non-resonant design (e.g., the dual-polarization waveguide slot array antenna disclosed in patent document CN113178708A), the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the series feed line results in frequency-varying phase accumulation, causing the antenna beam pointing to shift with frequency (i.e., the "beam skew" effect). Within the operating frequency band, this frequency sweep characteristic makes it difficult for the two polarization channels of the antenna to maintain strict consistency in beam pointing, severely affecting the consistency of dual-polarization measurements.

[0006] In theory, parallel feeding architecture can fundamentally avoid the drawbacks of series-fed arrays. In a parallel feeding network, each radiating element is connected to the feed point through an independent path, and the phase characteristics of each channel are insensitive to frequency, thus achieving both wideband operation and excellent beam pointing consistency. However, when the fully parallel feeding scheme is applied to large-scale one-dimensional planar phased arrays with high gain and narrow beamwidth, it faces significant engineering challenges: the complex feed network structure and numerous branches lead to a substantial increase in transmission loss; the flexibility of array layout is limited, hindering array expansion and integration; and the complex network also brings problems such as high manufacturing costs and reliability risks. Therefore, although parallel feeding has advantages in principle, there are few reports of successful applications in the engineering practice of high-gain, narrow-beam, dual-polarized one-dimensional phased arrays.

[0007] In summary, existing series-feed schemes (standing wave arrays and traveling wave arrays) have inherent shortcomings in terms of bandwidth or dual-polarized beam consistency, while the ideal fully parallel-feed scheme is constrained by high loss, poor flexibility, and cost, making it difficult to implement in engineering. Therefore, how to effectively control feed loss, maintain the flexibility and scalability of array design, and balance the feasibility and economy of engineering implementation while ensuring high performance (wide bandwidth, high beam consistency) has become the core technical challenge in developing high-performance dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned deficiencies in existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna and radar system. This solution resolves the contradictions in existing high-gain, narrow-beam dual-polarized one-dimensional phased array antenna designs, such as narrow bandwidth of series-fed standing wave arrays and poor dual-polarized beam consistency of series-fed traveling wave arrays. Furthermore, traditional fully parallel-fed schemes suffer from high feed line loss, poor array expansion flexibility, and difficult engineering implementation. The goal is to obtain a high-performance antenna that combines wide bandwidth, high dual-polarized beam pointing consistency, low loss, easy expansion, and good engineering feasibility.

[0009] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution: a dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna, comprising a metal base plate and N independent and side-by-side dual-polarized linear arrays arranged on the metal base plate, where N is an integer greater than 1; Each of the dual-polarized linear arrays comprises, from bottom to top, a multi-layer dual-polarized feed network, a non-metallic dielectric support layer, and a dual-polarized radiating patch layer; the dual-polarized radiating patch layer is provided with M radiating patches arranged in a linear array along the length direction of the dual-polarized linear array, where M is a positive even number. The multi-layer dual-polarization feed network includes a vertically polarized feed network and a horizontally polarized feed network that are spatially stacked and isolated from each other; both the vertically polarized feed network and the horizontally polarized feed network include: A suspended stripline parallel power divider network printed on a dielectric substrate, having M output nodes; And M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units, which are arranged along the length direction of the dual-polarized linear array; the M output nodes of the suspended stripline parallel power divider network are respectively coupled to the M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units through corresponding metal ridge structures; the M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units are spatially aligned with the M radiating patches one by one, and are used to excite the radiating patches.

[0010] This invention employs a printed suspended stripline parallel power divider network, which is essentially a non-resonant distributed feeding structure. Its amplitude and phase characteristics are insensitive to frequency, thus exhibiting broadband operation and overcoming the narrow bandwidth problem of series-fed standing wave arrays. More importantly, the parallel feeding ensures that the feeding paths of each array element channel are independent and symmetrical in electrical length. Combined with the structure of "M output nodes coupled to M discrete double-ridge waveguide slot coupling units through a metal ridge structure," this ensures that the feeding phases of the vertical and horizontal polarization channels are highly consistent throughout the entire operating frequency band. This completely eliminates the beam pointing drift (frequency sweep) problem caused by the phase accumulation effect in series-fed traveling wave arrays, enabling the dual-polarized beams (especially the beam pointing) to maintain high consistency within the operating frequency band, meeting the core requirement of high-precision dual-polarization measurement.

[0011] This invention employs suspended striplines as the transmission line form of the parallel power divider network. The suspended striplines transmit electromagnetic waves between two ground planes, exhibiting low-loss characteristics similar to air, with transmission losses far lower than traditional microstrip line parallel networks. Therefore, while possessing the advantages of parallel feeding (good amplitude and phase consistency, wide bandwidth), this invention controls feeder losses to a level comparable to or even better than series-feed schemes, enabling the fully parallel feeding technology to be practically applied to large-scale phased array antennas with high gain and a large number of array elements (large M-value).

[0012] The modular design, consisting of multiple independent, side-by-side dual-polarized linear arrays and M aligned dual-ridge waveguide slot coupling elements with M radiating patches within each array, constitutes a "slice-like" architecture. This means that the entire large antenna surface can be assembled from multiple identical dual-polarized linear arrays. This provides extremely high array expansion flexibility: simply increasing or decreasing the number (N) of dual-polarized linear arrays allows for flexible adjustment of the antenna's aperture and gain in the azimuth direction. Simultaneously, the modular design greatly simplifies the manufacturing, assembly, and debugging processes, facilitating mass production and significantly reducing manufacturing costs and engineering implementation difficulty, thus solving the problems of high cost and poor scalability in traditional complex fully parallel-feed networks.

[0013] By employing a coupling method between double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units and radiating patches, combined with a non-metallic dielectric support layer, this invention achieves efficient electromagnetic coupling and radiation. The double-ridged waveguide structure itself provides excellent port isolation, contributing to high cross-polarization isolation. The discrete coupling units and radiating patches correspond one-to-one, facilitating independent optimization of the matching of each radiating unit. Combined with the amplitude weighting capability of the parallel power divider network, low sidelobe levels are easily achieved. The modular linear array design also helps ensure high gain and narrow beam characteristics of large-scale arrays.

[0014] Furthermore, the non-metallic dielectric support layer is a foam support layer with a relative permittivity of 1 to 1.2.

[0015] The low dielectric constant of the foam support layer significantly reduces electromagnetic wave transmission loss in the medium, thereby improving the antenna's radiation efficiency and ensuring high gain. Simultaneously, its stable dielectric properties minimize the impact on the resonant frequency and phase of the radiating patch, ensuring high consistency and stability of the dual-polarized beam's performance across the operating frequency band and scanning angle. Furthermore, the lightweight and low-cost nature of the foam material significantly reduces the weight of large-scale arrays and lowers manufacturing costs, enhancing engineering practicality and deployability. Finally, the near-air dielectric constant simplifies the impedance matching design between the radiating patch and the feed network, creating favorable conditions for wideband antenna operation.

[0016] Furthermore, for vertically polarized electron feed networks, the metal ridge is a stepped metal single ridge; for horizontally polarized electron feed networks, the metal ridge is a stepped metal double ridge.

[0017] The vertical and horizontal polarization channels employ stepped metal ridges (single and double ridges) with different physical structures, combined with orthogonally arranged waveguide cavities, significantly increasing the electromagnetic isolation between the two polarization channels and laying the foundation for achieving high cross-polarization isolation. The stepped single-ridge structure is designed for impedance matching of the characteristics of vertically polarized waves, while the stepped double-ridge structure is more suitable for exciting and controlling the TE10 mode of horizontally polarized waves. This differentiated design enables each polarization channel to achieve good impedance matching and efficient signal coupling over a wide bandwidth.

[0018] Furthermore, both single-ridge and double-ridge structures can be precisely machined into shape in one step using the corresponding feed metal plates, and accurately connected to the suspended wire feed network via a stepped structure, thereby simplifying the assembly process and improving production consistency and reliability. Despite the different ridge structures, through separate optimized designs, the vertical and horizontal polarization channels are ensured to achieve a high degree of consistency in key performance aspects such as insertion loss, phase stability, and beam pointing, meeting the stringent requirements of dual-polarization phased array antennas for channel consistency.

[0019] Furthermore, the end of the suspended strip parallel power distribution network of the vertically polarized electron feed network is connected to the surface of the stepped metal single ridge; the end of the suspended strip parallel power distribution network of the horizontally polarized electron feed network is connected to the stepped metal double ridge through a stepped metal ground.

[0020] For the vertically polarized channel, the end of the suspended strip is directly connected to the stepped single-ridge surface, realizing the most direct and low-insertion-loss electrical and physical connection from the planar circuit to the waveguide excitation structure. For the horizontally polarized channel, by introducing a stepped metal ground integrated with the double ridge as an intermediary, not only is efficient mode conversion and impedance continuity of the signal from the suspended strip to the double-ridge waveguide ensured, but a stable ground reference surface is also provided for the suspended strip.

[0021] This connection design, tailored to the differences in polarization characteristics, optimizes the signal transmission efficiency of each channel while significantly improving the precision and reliability of multi-layer assembly through the self-alignment characteristics of the stepped structure. It ensures high isolation, low loss, and excellent performance consistency between dual-polarized channels in large-scale arrays from both structural and process perspectives.

[0022] Furthermore, the M output nodes of the suspended wire parallel power divider network are connected through T-shaped power dividers, and the amplitude weighting of the M radiating patches is achieved by adjusting the line width of the matching segment at the connection of each T-shaped power divider.

[0023] This invention provides an antenna array with a highly flexible, low-loss, and easily precisely controlled feeding method by constructing a parallel feeding network using T-shaped power dividers and by adjusting the linewidth of the matching segment at the connection of each T-shaped power divider to achieve amplitude weighting. The T-shaped structure itself facilitates multi-level cascading, thereby efficiently distributing signals to a large number of array elements. By precisely designing the linewidth of each matching segment, the required amplitude distribution can be flexibly generated with extremely low additional loss, achieving excellent low sidelobe characteristics directly on the antenna aperture. At the same time, this parameterizable design based on printed circuit board (PCB) processing ensures that the feed network has high consistency and repeatability in mass production, providing a reliable core feed architecture for the engineering implementation of high-gain, low-sidelobe dual-polarized phased array antennas.

[0024] Furthermore, each of the said radiating patches is a rectangular patch or a circular patch placed at a 45° rotation.

[0025] This invention provides a symmetrical and balanced physical basis for dual-polarization operation by using rectangular (including square) or circular patches rotated by 45° as radiating units. The orthogonal placement of the 45° rotation allows a single patch to be excited by two spatially orthogonal polarization channels (such as vertical and horizontal) in a symmetrical and electrically consistent manner. This ensures a high degree of amplitude and phase response matching between the dual-polarization channels from the source, laying a key structural foundation for the antenna to achieve high cross-polarization isolation and excellent dual-polarization beam consistency. At the same time, this symmetrical patch structure is easy to design and impedance matching, simplifies the array unit optimization process, and ensures that the entire antenna array can maintain stable dual-polarization radiation performance under large-angle scanning.

[0026] Furthermore, the multi-layer dual-polarization power supply network includes a first power supply metal plate, a first power supply PCB board, a second power supply metal plate, a second power supply PCB board, and a third power supply metal plate stacked sequentially.

[0027] The multi-layered, stacked power supply network architecture achieves a high degree of integration and physical isolation of the dual-polarization power supply system by precisely integrating the vertically polarized and horizontally polarized power supply networks into the first and second power supply PCB boards and three power supply metal plates, respectively. This modular layered structure not only provides a clear and robust mechanical carrier for key components such as suspension strips, double-ridge waveguide cavities, and coupling slots, ensuring high consistency of electrical performance in mass production, but also makes it easy to achieve independent optimization and isolation of vertical and horizontal polarization channels, fundamentally guaranteeing high isolation between the two ports. At the same time, this standardized "sandwich" laminated structure greatly simplifies the assembly process of complex feed networks, improves production efficiency and reliability, and provides a core engineering foundation for building high-performance, low-cost, and easily scalable dual-polarization one-dimensional phased array antennas.

[0028] Furthermore, the suspended strip parallel power distribution network of the vertically polarized feeder network is printed on the first feeder PCB board, and the suspended strip parallel power distribution network of the horizontally polarized feeder network is printed on the second feeder PCB board.

[0029] This invention prints the suspended power divider circuits of the vertical and horizontal polarization feed networks on separate first and second feed PCBs. This not only provides physical isolation and dedicated optimization design space for each polarization channel, effectively suppressing crosstalk caused by circuit cross-coupling and laying a structural foundation for achieving high isolation, but also allows for independent and precise control of the impedance matching, amplitude weighting, and phase distribution of the two polarization networks. This ensures that the electrical performance (such as loss and phase consistency) of the two polarization channels is highly matched across a wide frequency band. At the same time, this design greatly simplifies the manufacturing and assembly process of complex multilayer circuits, improves production yield, and facilitates subsequent independent testing, debugging, and maintenance. It is a key technological innovation for achieving high-performance, high-reliability dual-polarization phased array antennas.

[0030] Furthermore, each double-ridge waveguide slot coupling unit of the vertically polarized feed network is composed of a first cavity disposed on the first feed metal plate and a second cavity disposed on the second feed metal plate; each double-ridge waveguide slot coupling unit of the horizontally polarized feed network is composed of a third cavity disposed on the second feed metal plate and a fourth cavity disposed on the third feed metal plate.

[0031] This invention creates a highly modular and assembly-oriented coupling structure by splitting each double-ridge waveguide slot coupling unit and integrating it onto the first and second feed metal plates (vertically polarized) and the second and third feed metal plates (horizontally polarized), respectively. This split-cavity design allows the complex three-dimensional waveguide and metal ridge structure to be machined separately using a high-precision but relatively simple planar milling process, which significantly reduces the machining difficulty of individual parts and improves dimensional accuracy and consistency. During assembly, the upper and lower cavities are naturally combined into a complete coupling unit through lamination alignment. This not only ensures the electrical continuity of the waveguide and the gap, but also achieves excellent mechanical stability and electromagnetic shielding by utilizing the tight bonding between the metal plates. It provides each radiating unit in the large-scale array with a dual-polarized feed excitation with high isolation, stable coupling efficiency and consistent performance. It is a core structural innovation that balances high performance and manufacturability.

[0032] Furthermore, the vertically polarized feed network and the horizontally polarized feed network are configured to have a symmetrical feed transmission line structure, specifically: The dimensions of the first cavity of the vertically polarized suspension strip on the first feed metal plate are the same as the dimensions of the second cavity of the horizontally polarized suspension strip on the third feed metal plate; the dimensions of the second cavity of the vertically polarized suspension strip on the second feed metal plate are the same as the dimensions of the first cavity of the horizontally polarized suspension strip on the second feed metal plate. The vertically polarized suspended strip feed line on the first power supply PCB board and the horizontally polarized suspended strip feed line on the second power supply PCB board have the same line width in the non-impedance matching section.

[0033] This invention achieves the electrical symmetry of the dual-polarization feed network by strictly defining the dimensions of the corresponding suspended strip cavity in the vertical and horizontal polarization feed network and ensuring that the linewidth of the feed line in the non-impedance matching section remains consistent. This precise matching of size and linewidth ensures that the propagation constants, characteristic impedances, and loss characteristics of the electromagnetic waves in the two polarization channels are highly matched in their respective transmission paths. This fundamentally guarantees that the two polarization signals have nearly identical amplitude attenuation and phase delay from the feed port to each radiating patch. This structural symmetry is the most critical guarantee for maintaining a high degree of consistency in the insertion loss, phase response, and even beam pointing of the dual polarization channels throughout the entire operating frequency band and scanning angle. It directly determines the antenna system's ability and reliability to perform accurate dual polarization measurements.

[0034] Furthermore, the dual-polarized linear array also includes a vertically polarized coaxial connector and a horizontally polarized coaxial connector; The inner conductor of the vertically polarized coaxial connector is connected to the first end of the suspended strip parallel power divider network of the vertically polarized feeder network, and its outer conductor is connected to the second feeder metal plate; the inner conductor of the horizontally polarized coaxial connector is connected to the first end of the suspended strip parallel power divider network of the horizontally polarized feeder network, and its outer conductor is connected to the second feeder metal plate.

[0035] The coaxial connector connection scheme of this invention provides a standardized, low-loss, and highly reliable external signal interface for dual-polarized linear arrays: By directly connecting the inner conductors of the vertical and horizontal polarization coaxial connectors to the first end of the suspended stripline power divider network of the corresponding polarization feed network, efficient signal feeding and minimal reflection are achieved between the external cable and the internal planar transmission line. Simultaneously, connecting the outer conductors of both connectors to the second feed metal plate, which serves as the RF ground potential, not only provides a stable low-impedance return path for the signal and effectively suppresses common-mode interference, but also ensures a consistent ground reference between the dual-polarization channels, thereby guaranteeing port isolation and phase stability. This simple and symmetrical interface design simplifies the integration of the array and the back-end T / R module, improves the consistency and maintainability of system assembly, and is a key element in realizing the engineering application of high-performance dual-polarization phased array antennas.

[0036] Furthermore, in each of the dual-polarized linear arrays, the arrangement interval of adjacent radiating patches in the elevation direction is less than or equal to the free space wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency divided by (1 + the absolute value of the sine of the maximum scanning angle of the antenna array in the elevation direction) to avoid the appearance of grating lobes.

[0037] This invention, by precisely constraining the spacing between adjacent radiating patches in the elevation direction, limits it to a critical value determined by the highest operating frequency wavelength and the maximum scanning angle, fundamentally eliminating the possibility of harmful grating lobes appearing in the antenna pattern within the predetermined scanning airspace. This design principle ensures that when a one-dimensional phased array performs electronic beam scanning in the elevation plane, its radiated energy is always concentrated within a single main lobe, regardless of how the beam direction changes. This avoids problems such as energy dispersion, false target interference, and angular ambiguity caused by grating lobes, thus guaranteeing the radar system's target detection accuracy, angular resolution, and anti-interference capability throughout the entire scanning range. It is a core design rule necessary for achieving large-angle, ambiguity-free scanning of high-gain, narrow-beam phased array antennas.

[0038] Furthermore, the size of the radiating patch and the thickness of the non-metallic dielectric support layer are configured such that the radiating patch resonates within the antenna's operating frequency band under the combined action of the non-metallic dielectric support layer and the multilayer dual-polarized feed network.

[0039] This invention configures the size of the radiating patch and the thickness of the non-metallic dielectric support layer as a co-designed whole, aiming to enable the radiating element to resonate within its operating frequency band in its multi-layered complex electromagnetic environment (including a low-dielectric-constant support layer and a feed network with a complex grounding structure below). This design method ensures that the core radiator of the antenna can achieve high-efficiency energy conversion and radiation. By optimizing this resonant state, the antenna element can achieve good impedance matching and stable radiation characteristics within the target frequency band. This not only directly improves the antenna's gain and radiation efficiency, but also lays a solid foundation for maintaining consistent active impedance and beam performance of the entire phased array during wideband operation and large-angle scanning. It is a key design principle for achieving the goal of wideband, high efficiency, and stable operation of the antenna.

[0040] Based on the same concept, the present invention also provides a radar system comprising the dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna as described above.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention employs a printed suspended stripline parallel power divider network, whose non-resonant characteristics ensure wideband operation and overcome the narrow bandwidth problem of series-fed standing wave arrays. Through parallel feeding and a discretized correspondence structure of "output node—metal ridge—coupling unit," the feeding phase of the dual-polarized channel is ensured to be highly consistent within the operating frequency band, completely eliminating the beam frequency sweep problem of series-fed traveling wave arrays and achieving high consistency of the dual-polarized beam.

[0042] This invention employs a suspended wire structure, whose low-loss characteristics significantly reduce the transmission loss of the parallel feed network, achieving a level comparable to or even better than the series feed scheme, thus enabling the full parallel feed to be practically applied to large-scale arrays.

[0043] This invention utilizes a modular design with multiple independent, side-by-side dual-polarized linear arrays and a one-to-one correspondence between coupling units and patches within the linear arrays to form a slice-like architecture, achieving high scalability and flexible configuration of the array surface. The modular design simplifies processing and assembly, facilitates mass production, and significantly reduces costs and engineering complexity.

[0044] This invention achieves high-efficiency radiation and high cross-polarization isolation through the combination of double-ridged waveguide slot coupling and radiating patches, along with a low-dielectric-constant support layer. The combination of discretized coupling and amplitude weighting capability facilitates the realization of low sidelobes, high gain, and narrow beamwidth, fully meeting the performance requirements of high-performance phased array antennas. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only one embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the dual-polarized linear array in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial three-dimensional view of the dual-polarized linear array in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a local three-dimensional exploded view of a dual-polarized linear array in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a local three-dimensional exploded view of a dual-polarized linear array in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 This is a two-dimensional view of the first power-feeding metal plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a two-dimensional view of the first power supply PCB board in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a two-dimensional view of the second power-feeding metal plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a two-dimensional view of the second power supply PCB board in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a two-dimensional view of the third power-feeding metal plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 These are the reflection coefficient and isolation of the dual-polarized port in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 12 This is the azimuth test pattern of vertical polarization at 9.1 GHz in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 13 This is the azimuth test pattern of vertical polarization at 9.5 GHz in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 14 This is the azimuth test pattern with horizontal polarization at 9.1 GHz in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 15 This is the azimuth test pattern with horizontal polarization at 9.5 GHz in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 16 This is the elevation plane scanning pattern of the 6×2 channel vertically polarized phased array at 9.3 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is the elevation plane scanning pattern of the 6×2 channel horizontally polarized phased array at 9.3 GHz in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0049] The present invention aims to provide a high-performance dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna that can simultaneously meet the requirements of broadband operation, high dual-polarized beam performance consistency, low feed loss, and easy expansion.

[0050] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna of this invention operates in the frequency band of 9.1~9.5GHz, specifically comprising a metal base plate 2 and N dual-polarized linear arrays 1. Here, N is an integer greater than 1, determining the number of channels in the electronic scanning dimension (usually the elevation plane). Each dual-polarized linear array 1 is independently and side-by-side (i.e., along the elevation direction) mounted on the metal base plate 2. This slice-like modular architecture gives the antenna extremely high array expansion flexibility, allowing the number of dual-polarized linear arrays to be flexibly increased or decreased according to system gain and scanning requirements.

[0051] Each dual-polarized linear array 1 is the core module of this invention. For example... Figure 2 As shown, it comprises, from bottom to top, a multi-layered dual-polarized feed network 20, a non-metallic dielectric support layer 12, and a dual-polarized radiating patch layer 11. M radiating patches 111 are arranged in a linear array along the length (i.e., azimuth) of the dual-polarized linear array 1 on the dual-polarized radiating patch layer 11, where M is a positive even number. In this embodiment, N = 16 and M = 30.

[0052] The multi-layered dual-polarization feed network 20 is key to achieving the high performance of this invention. It is not a single component, but a composite structure precisely assembled from multiple metal plates and PCB boards. The multi-layered dual-polarization feed network 20 integrates a vertically polarized feed network and a horizontally polarized feed network that are spatially orthogonal (i.e., the long axes of the slots are perpendicular to each other) and isolated from each other, and are used to excite two orthogonal polarization modes for each radiating patch 111.

[0053] Both the vertically polarized and horizontally polarized feed networks adopt a fully parallel feeding design, mainly consisting of two core components: Suspended parallel power divider network: This network is printed on a dielectric substrate and has M output nodes (i.e. M ends) to distribute one input signal evenly and with controllable amplitude to M channels.

[0054] Double-ridged waveguide slot coupling unit array: It consists of M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units arranged along the length of the double-polarized linear array, with the slot opening of each double-ridged waveguide slot coupling unit facing the double-polarized radiation patch layer 11.

[0055] The M output nodes of the suspended stripline parallel power divider network are coupled one-to-one with M double-ridge waveguide slot coupling units through their respective metal ridge structures. Ultimately, these M double-ridge waveguide slot coupling units are spatially aligned with the M radiating patches 111 above them, and the radiating patches 111 are efficiently excited through electromagnetic coupling to complete the signal radiation.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the dual-polarized radiating patch layer 11 is a single-layer PCB board. The dielectric substrate 112 of this PCB board has a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.508 mm. A copper metal layer with a thickness of 0.035 mm is deposited on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 112. M dual-polarized radiating patches 111 are formed by etching this metal layer. The height from the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 112 to the upper surface of the dual-polarized feed network 20 is... h 1. In this embodiment, each radiating patch 111 is preferably a square patch rotated 45°. The patch length is adjusted... l 1 and height h 1. Achieve efficient radiation of the antenna in the required frequency band, patch length l 1 is typically about 1 / 4 of the wavelength of the center operating frequency (e.g., 9.3 GHz), and the height... h 1 is typically about 1 / 10 of the wavelength of the center operating frequency. In this embodiment... h 1 = 2.7mm l 1 = 9.3 mm. This rotationally symmetric design provides completely equivalent electrical paths for vertical and horizontal polarization excitation, which is the basis for ensuring the consistency of dual-polarization channel performance. In another embodiment of the invention, the shape of the radiating patch 111 can also be rectangular, circular, or elliptical, etc.

[0057] A non-metallic dielectric support layer 12 is located between the dual-polarized radiating patch layer 11 and the multilayer dual-polarized feed network 20. Its function is to support the radiating patch layer 11 and provide a low-loss coupling space. In this embodiment, the non-metallic dielectric support layer 12 is preferably a foam material with a relative permittivity close to 1, and its thickness is... h The diameter is approximately 2.7 mm (about 1 / 10 of the wavelength of the center operating frequency). The low dielectric constant of the foam significantly reduces energy loss in the supporting medium, improves antenna efficiency, and helps maintain the stability of beam performance due to its stable dielectric constant.

[0058] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, the multi-layer dual-polarization power supply network 20 is composed of five layers that are tightly connected in sequence, which are: first power supply metal plate 13, first power supply PCB board 14, second power supply metal plate 15, second power supply PCB board 16 and third power supply metal plate 17 in the pitch direction.

[0059] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first feed metal plate 13 is provided with a vertically polarized suspension strip first cavity 131 and M vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot first cavities 132. Each vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot first cavity 132 has a first stepped metal single ridge 1321 machined inside. The M ends of the vertically polarized suspension strip first cavity 131 are respectively connected to the M vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot first cavities 132.

[0060] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the first power supply PCB board 14 is a double-layer PCB board. On the side of its metal layer facing the first power supply metal plate 13, feed lines 141 constituting a vertically polarized suspended strip parallel power divider network (i.e., a suspended strip parallel power divider network of the vertically polarized power supply network) and a metal ground 142 surrounding the feed lines 141 are etched. The end 1411 of the feed line 141 is designed to be tightly connected to the boss surface of the first stepped metal ridge 1321. The beginning 1412 of the feed line 141 is used to connect to the inner conductor of the vertically polarized coaxial connector 18. By adjusting the linewidth of the matching segment at the connection of each stage of the T-shaped power divider 1413 in the feed line 141, precise control of the phase amplitude distribution (e.g., -35dB Taylor weighting) can be achieved to achieve low sidelobes. The dielectric layer 143 of the first power supply PCB board 14 also has a U-shaped notch 1431 to avoid the metal ridge structure.

[0061] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, a patterned metal ground 144 is etched on the metal layer of the first feed PCB 14 facing the second feed metal plate 15. The dielectric layer 143 of the first feed PCB 14 has a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.508 mm; the metal layers on both sides are made of copper and have a thickness of 0.035 mm. The patterned metal ground 144 is designed to match the surface structure of the second feed metal plate 15, except for the vertically polarized suspension strip second cavity 151 and the vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot second cavity 152, to ensure that the two can fit tightly and completely during assembly, forming a stable ground and electromagnetic shielding. In addition, metallized ground holes 145 are uniformly arranged around the metal ground 142 and the feed line 141, penetrating the dielectric layer 143 and connecting the two metal grounds 142 / 144.

[0062] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, one side of the second feed metal plate 15 (facing the first feed PCB board 14) is processed with a vertically polarized suspended strip second cavity 151 and M vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot second cavities 152, each second cavity 152 containing a second stepped metal single ridge 1521. The other side (facing the second feed PCB board 16) is processed with a horizontally polarized suspended strip first cavity 153 and M horizontally polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot first cavities 154, each first cavity 154 containing a first stepped metal double ridge 1541. The bottom of the second feed metal plate 15 also has a vertically polarized coaxial connector mounting hole 155 and a horizontally polarized coaxial connector mounting hole 156. The vertically polarized coaxial connector mounting hole 155 is connected to the outer conductor of the vertically polarized coaxial connector 18, and the horizontally polarized coaxial connector mounting hole 156 is connected to the outer conductor of the horizontally polarized coaxial connector 19.

[0063] The first cavity 131 and the second cavity 151 of the vertically polarized suspended strip line together form a low-loss transmission line network of M parallel lines extending along the length direction (azimuth direction) of the dual-polarized linear array. This provides electromagnetic shielding and an accurate characteristic impedance environment for the vertically polarized suspended strip line feeder 141, ensuring that the transmission loss of the signal from the feed point (coaxial connector) to each distribution node (end of the T-shaped power divider) is minimized and the phase is stable.

[0064] M vertically polarized double-ridged waveguide coupling slot first cavities 132 correspond one-to-one with M vertically polarized double-ridged waveguide coupling slot second cavities 152. Each pair of first cavities 132 and second cavities 152 are aligned and combined to form an independent vertically polarized double-ridged waveguide slot coupling unit. The first and second stepped metal single ridges 1321 / 1521 inside receive TEM mode signals from the end of the suspended strip line 1411, exciting the TE10 mode in the waveguide. The slot at the top of the waveguide (the opening formed by the mating of 132 and 152) then couples the waveguide energy to the radiating patch 111 directly above.

[0065] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 9As shown, the second power supply PCB board 16 is a double-layer PCB board. One side (facing the second power supply metal plate 15) has a metal layer etched with feed lines 161 forming a horizontally polarized suspended stripline parallel power divider network and an integrally formed metal ground 162. The other side (facing the third power supply metal plate 17) has a metal layer etched with a patterned metal ground 164. The end 1611 of the feed line 161 is electrically connected to the first stepped metal double ridge 1541 on the second power supply metal plate 15 via a stepped metal ground 1621 integrally formed with the metal ground 162. The beginning 1612 of the feed line 161 is used to connect to the inner conductor of the horizontally polarized coaxial connector 19. By adjusting the linewidth of the matching segment at the connection of each T-shaped power divider 1613 in the feed line 161, precise weighting of the amplitude distribution on the plane can be achieved. The dielectric layer 163 of the second power supply PCB board 16 has a relative permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.508 mm; the metal layers on both sides are made of copper and have a thickness of 0.035 mm. In addition, metallized ground vias 165 are evenly distributed around the metal ground 162 and the feed line 161, penetrating the dielectric layer 163 and connecting the two metal grounds 162 / 164 to provide stable grounding and shielding.

[0066] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 As shown, the third feed metal plate 17 is provided with a horizontally polarized suspension strip second cavity 171 and M horizontally polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot second cavities 172, and each second cavity 172 is processed with a second stepped metal double ridge 1721.

[0067] The first cavity 153 of the horizontally polarized suspended strip line and the second cavity 171 of the horizontally polarized suspended strip line together form a low-loss transmission line network of M parallel lines extending along the length direction (azimuth direction) of the dual-polarized linear array. This provides electromagnetic shielding and an accurate characteristic impedance environment for the feed line 161 of the horizontally polarized suspended strip line, ensuring that the transmission loss of the signal from the feed point (horizontal polarized coaxial connector 19) to each distribution node is minimized and the phase is stable.

[0068] M horizontally polarized double-ridged waveguide coupling slot first cavities 154 and M horizontally polarized double-ridged waveguide coupling slot second cavities 172 correspond one-to-one. Each pair of first cavities 154 and second cavities 172 are aligned and combined to form an independent horizontally polarized double-ridged waveguide slot coupling unit. The first and second stepped metal double ridges 1541 / 1721 inside receive TEM mode signals from the end of the suspended strip line 1611 through stepped metal ground 1621 / 1641, exciting the TE10 mode in the waveguide. The slot at the top of the waveguide (the opening formed by the mating of 154 and 172) then couples the waveguide energy to the orthogonal polarization port of the radiating patch 111 directly above.

[0069] The cavities (131, 132, 151, 152) of the vertical polarization channel and the cavities (153, 154, 171, 172) of the horizontal polarization channel together provide two complete feed and radiation links for the same antenna array that are physically independent, spatially orthogonal, and electrically symmetrical.

[0070] Vertical polarization channel: The inner conductor of the vertical polarization coaxial connector 18 is connected to the first end 1412 of the power divider network on the first feed PCB board 14, and the outer conductor is fixed on the mounting hole 155 of the second feed metal plate 15. After the signal is distributed by the power divider network, it is directly conducted from each output node (end 1411) to the first stepped metal ridge 1321 on the first feed metal plate 13; the first stepped metal ridge 1321 and the second stepped metal ridge 1521 on the second feed metal plate 15 together constitute a complete vertical polarization double ridge waveguide coupling slot unit, which converts the TEM mode stripline signal into the TE10 mode waveguide mode, and couples it to the radiating patch 111 through the slot (formed by the mating of cavities 132 and 152).

[0071] Horizontal polarization channel: The inner conductor of the horizontal polarization coaxial connector 19 is connected to the first end 1612 of the power divider network on the second feed PCB board 16, and the outer conductor is fixed on another mounting hole 156 of the second feed metal plate 15. After the signal is distributed by the power divider network, each output node is connected to the first stepped metal double ridge 1541 through the stepped metal ground 1621 (and 1641 connected to it). The first stepped metal double ridge 1541 and the second stepped metal double ridge 1721 on the third feed metal plate 17 together constitute a horizontal polarization double ridge waveguide coupling slot unit, which excites the radiating patch 111 in a similar manner.

[0072] Orthogonality and Symmetry: The vertically and horizontally polarized double-ridge waveguide slots are arranged orthogonally in space (along the azimuth and pitch directions, respectively), which is the structural basis for achieving high cross-polarization isolation. Furthermore, to ensure the consistency of the dual-polarization channel performance (especially loss), the feed network is designed with an electrically symmetrical structure. Specifically, the cavity bandwidth and depth of the first cavity 131 of the vertically polarized suspended stripline and the second cavity 171 of the horizontally polarized suspended stripline are consistent. w 1 and h 2; The width and depth of the second cavity 151 of the vertically polarized suspension strip line and the first cavity 153 of the horizontally polarized suspension strip line are consistent, respectively. w 1 and h 3; The linewidth of both the vertically polarized suspended strip feeder 141 and the horizontally polarized suspended strip feeder 161 in the non-impedance matching section is... w2. To ensure consistent feeding losses between vertically polarized and horizontally polarized feed networks. The dimensions of the suspended stripline feed network can be flexibly designed to achieve lower feeding losses without exciting higher-order modes.

[0073] In this embodiment, the width w 1 is 4.2mm, height h 2 is 1.35mm, height h 3 is 0.7mm, width w 2 is 2.6mm.

[0074] The M dual-polarized array elements 10 of each dual-polarized linear array 1 are arranged at intervals in the azimuth direction as follows: d 1. The arrangement interval in the pitch direction is d 2; d The value of 1 is typically 0.5 to 1 times λ. H , d 2 takes a value less than or equal to λ H / (1+|sinθ|), to avoid grating lobes in the antenna pattern, where λ H The wavelength in free space corresponds to the highest operating frequency of 9.5 GHz, and θ is the maximum scanning angle of the antenna array in the elevation direction. In this embodiment, d 1 = 20mm, which is 0.63 times λ H , d 2 = 18.6 mm, which is 0.59 times λ H It can fully satisfy the scanning range of the antenna array in the elevation plane of ±35°, and avoid the appearance of grating lobes in the antenna pattern.

[0075] Let the slit length and width of the vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slit 21 be respectively... a 1. b 1. The width and depth of the metal double ridges are respectively jw 1. jh 1. By adjusting the dimensions of the vertically polarized double-ridge waveguide cavity, the metal ridge, and the coupling slot, good impedance matching between the vertically polarized feed network and the double-polarized radiating layer is achieved. In this embodiment, a 1 = 12.13 mm b 1=4.07mm jw 1=4.5mm jh 1 = 1.34 mm.

[0076] Let the length and width of the horizontally polarized double-ridge waveguide coupling slot 22 be respectively... a 2. b 2. The width and depth of the metal double ridges are respectively jw 2. jh2. By adjusting the dimensions of the horizontally polarized double-ridge waveguide cavity, the metal ridge, and the coupling slot, good impedance matching between the horizontally polarized feed network and the double-polarized radiating layer is achieved. In this embodiment, a 2=10mm b 2=6.4mm jw 2=4.5mm jh 2 = 2.43 mm.

[0077] In this embodiment, each dual-polarized linear array 1 has a size of 640×18.6×54mm; the overall size of the 16×2 channel dual-polarized one-dimensional scanning phased array antenna is 640×300×64mm.

[0078] Figure 11 This embodiment provides the reflection coefficients of the two polarization ports and the isolation between the two polarization ports of the linear array in a dual-polarization one-dimensional scanning phased array antenna; from Figure 11 As can be seen, the antenna has a reflection coefficient of less than -14dB in the 9.1~9.5GHz frequency band and less than -10dB in the 8.5~10GHz frequency band, with an impedance bandwidth of over 16%, achieving the wide bandwidth characteristics of the antenna; within the operating frequency band, the port isolation between the two polarizations exceeds 45dB, achieving the low coupling characteristics between the antennas.

[0079] Figure 12 and Figure 13 The azimuth radiation patterns of the vertically polarized linear array at 9.1 GHz and 9.5 GHz are presented respectively. Figure 14 and Figure 15 The azimuth radiation patterns of the horizontally polarized linear array at 9.1 and 9.5 GHz are presented respectively. Figures 12 to 15 It can be seen that within the operating frequency band, the azimuth main beams of the dual-polarized antenna array all point to the normal direction, the cross-polarization isolation exceeds 36dB, the sidelobe level is less than -32dB, the main polarization beamwidth is 3.6°±0.15°, the dual-polarized beam performance has good consistency, and the antenna radiation efficiency exceeds 70%.

[0080] Figure 16 and Figure 17 The elevation plane scanning patterns of a 16×2 channel dual-polarized phased array with vertical and horizontal polarization at 9.3 GHz are presented, with the elevation plane designed to have a sidelobe level of -25 dB. From... Figure 16 and Figure 17 As can be seen, no grating lobes appeared in the two polarizations within the ±38° scanning range, and the gain drop was less than 1.5dB, verifying that the dual-polarization one-dimensional scanning phased array antenna proposed in this invention has good scanning performance.

[0081] The above description only discloses specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or modifications that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna, comprising a metal substrate and N independent, side-by-side dual-polarized linear arrays arranged on the metal substrate, where N is an integer greater than 1; characterized in that: Each of the dual-polarized linear arrays comprises, from bottom to top, a multi-layer dual-polarized feed network, a non-metallic dielectric support layer, and a dual-polarized radiating patch layer; the dual-polarized radiating patch layer is provided with M radiating patches arranged in a linear array along the length direction of the dual-polarized linear array, where M is a positive even number. The multi-layer dual-polarization feed network includes a vertically polarized feed network and a horizontally polarized feed network that are spatially stacked and isolated from each other; both the vertically polarized feed network and the horizontally polarized feed network include: A suspended stripline parallel power divider network printed on a dielectric substrate, having M output nodes; And M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units, which are arranged along the length direction of the dual-polarized linear array; the M output nodes of the suspended stripline parallel power divider network are respectively coupled to the M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units through corresponding metal ridge structures; the M double-ridged waveguide slot coupling units are spatially aligned with the M radiating patches one by one, and are used to excite the radiating patches.

2. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-metallic dielectric support layer is a foam support layer with a relative permittivity of 1 to 1.

2.

3. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: For vertically polarized electron feed networks, the metal ridge is a stepped single metal ridge; for horizontally polarized electron feed networks, the metal ridge is a stepped double metal ridge.

4. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the suspended strip parallel power distribution network of the vertically polarized electron feed network is connected to the surface of the stepped metal single ridge; the end of the suspended strip parallel power distribution network of the horizontally polarized electron feed network is connected to the stepped metal double ridge through a stepped metal ground.

5. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The M output nodes of the suspended wire parallel power divider network are connected by T-shaped power dividers, and the amplitude weighting of the M radiating patches is achieved by adjusting the line width of the matching segment at the connection of each T-shaped power divider.

6. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the aforementioned radiation patches is a rectangular or circular patch placed at a 45° rotation.

7. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The multi-layer dual-polarization power supply network includes a first power supply metal plate, a first power supply PCB board, a second power supply metal plate, a second power supply PCB board, and a third power supply metal plate stacked in sequence.

8. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The suspended strip parallel power divider network of the vertically polarized feeder network is printed on the first feeder PCB, and the suspended strip parallel power divider network of the horizontally polarized feeder network is printed on the second feeder PCB.

9. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each double-ridge waveguide slot coupling unit of the vertically polarized feed network is composed of a first cavity disposed on the first feed metal plate and a second cavity disposed on the second feed metal plate; each double-ridge waveguide slot coupling unit of the horizontally polarized feed network is composed of a third cavity disposed on the second feed metal plate and a fourth cavity disposed on the third feed metal plate.

10. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vertically polarized feed network and the horizontally polarized feed network are configured to have a symmetrical feed transmission line structure, specifically: The dimensions of the first cavity of the vertically polarized suspension strip on the first feed metal plate are the same as the dimensions of the second cavity of the horizontally polarized suspension strip on the third feed metal plate; the dimensions of the second cavity of the vertically polarized suspension strip on the second feed metal plate are the same as the dimensions of the first cavity of the horizontally polarized suspension strip on the second feed metal plate. The vertically polarized suspended strip feed line on the first power supply PCB board and the horizontally polarized suspended strip feed line on the second power supply PCB board have the same line width in the non-impedance matching section.

11. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dual-polarized linear array also includes a vertically polarized coaxial connector and a horizontally polarized coaxial connector. The inner conductor of the vertically polarized coaxial connector is connected to the first end of the suspended strip parallel power divider network of the vertically polarized feeder network, and its outer conductor is connected to the second feeder metal plate; the inner conductor of the horizontally polarized coaxial connector is connected to the first end of the suspended strip parallel power divider network of the horizontally polarized feeder network, and its outer conductor is connected to the second feeder metal plate.

12. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: In each of the dual-polarized linear arrays, the spacing between adjacent radiating patches in the elevation direction is less than or equal to the free space wavelength corresponding to the highest operating frequency divided by (1 + the absolute value of the sine of the maximum scanning angle of the antenna array in the elevation direction).

13. The dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dimensions of the radiating patch and the thickness of the non-metallic dielectric support layer are configured such that the radiating patch resonates within the antenna's operating frequency band under the combined action of the non-metallic dielectric support layer and the multilayer dual-polarized feed network.

14. A radar system, characterized in that: The radar system includes a dual-polarized one-dimensional planar phased array antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

Images