Intelligent multi-stage dust removal system of coal conveying system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of intelligent control, and discloses an intelligent multistage dust removal system of a coal conveying system, which comprises: a first-stage dust removal module, which is used for calculating total water spraying amount according to a first dust concentration when coal flow reaches a coal unloading dust raising point of the coal conveying system, and performing a dust removal operation; a second-stage dust removal module, which is used for calculating a first fan frequency of a first dust removal device and a spraying period of a second spraying device when the coal flow reaches a transfer dust raising point, and performing a dust removal operation; and a third-stage dust removal module, which is used for calculating a second fan frequency of a second dust removal device when the coal flow reaches a crushing dust raising point, performing a dust removal operation, and completing dust removal at the crushing dust raising point. The application realizes dust removal collaborative optimization among the coal unloading dust raising point, the transfer dust raising point and the crushing dust raising point in the coal conveying system, solves the technical problem that uncontrolled upstream spraying water amount leads to downstream filter bag clogging, and improves the accuracy of dust removal efficiency calculation and the stability of the intelligent multistage dust removal system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent control technology, and in particular to an intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system. Background Technology

[0002] Coal conveying systems generate significant amounts of dust from unloading and transfer to crushing, with dust concentrations reaching thousands of milligrams per cubic meter, far exceeding emission standards. Traditional dust removal technologies employ a single-point independent control method, with each dust-generating point's spray equipment and baghouse dust collector operating independently according to fixed parameters. This lack of a collaborative optimization mechanism leads to situations where excessive water flow from upstream dust-generating points causes water mist to enter downstream baghouse dust collectors, resulting in excessive moisture content in the filter bags and subsequent clogging, severely impacting dust removal efficiency and equipment lifespan. Furthermore, when the dust removal efficiency at upstream dust-generating points declines, more dust is carried by the coal and airflow to downstream dust-generating points. Downstream dust removal equipment cannot detect these changes in dust load in advance, leading to sudden increases in dust concentration at downstream points and exceeding emission standards, thus causing air pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system. This invention achieves coordinated optimization of dust removal among the coal unloading dust point, the transfer dust point, and the crushing dust point in the coal conveying system. It solves the technical problem of downstream filter bag clogging caused by uncontrollable upstream spray water volume, and improves the accuracy of dust removal efficiency calculation and the stability of the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system.

[0004] The first aspect of this invention provides an intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system, the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for the coal conveying system comprising: The primary dust removal module is used to calculate the total water spray volume based on the first dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the coal unloading dust point of the coal conveying system, and to perform dust removal operation according to the total water spray volume, thereby completing the dust removal at the coal unloading dust point and obtaining the amount of water mist carried to the downstream transfer dust point. The secondary dust removal module is used to calculate the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment and the spraying cycle of the second spraying equipment based on the water mist volume and the second dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the transfer dust point. The module performs dust removal operation according to the first fan frequency and the spraying cycle, completes the dust removal at the transfer dust point, and calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust point. The three-stage dust removal module is used to calculate the frequency of the second fan of the second dust removal equipment based on the dust transfer amount and the third dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the crushing dust point, and to perform the dust removal operation according to the frequency of the second fan to complete the dust removal at the crushing dust point.

[0005] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a first implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system of the coal conveying system further includes: The coal flow arrival time calculation module is used to collect the running speed of the belt in the conveyor belt; calculate the first time when the coal flow arrives at the unloading dust point based on the trigger time of the photoelectric sensor, the running speed, and the distance to the unloading dust point; calculate the second time when the coal flow arrives at the transfer dust point based on the first time, the running speed, and the distance from the unloading point to the transfer station; and calculate the third time when the coal flow arrives at the crushing dust point based on the second time, the running speed, and the distance from the transfer station to the crusher.

[0006] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a second implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the primary dust removal module is specifically used for: In the first M seconds of the first time period, the first dust concentration at the coal unloading dust point is collected, and the average dust concentration at the coal unloading dust point is calculated based on the first dust concentration. The first opening degree and spray pressure of the first spraying equipment at the coal unloading dust point are calculated based on the average dust concentration, and the spraying duration is calculated in combination with the length of the coal car body and the operating speed. The total water volume is calculated using a total water volume calculation function based on the first opening degree, the spray pressure, the spray duration, and the nozzle flow coefficient. When the first time is reached, it is determined that the coal flow has reached the coal unloading dust point. The first spraying equipment is started to perform spraying dust removal operation according to the first opening degree and the spraying pressure, and the water mist volume is calculated according to the total spraying volume and the water mist carry-down coefficient.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a third implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the total water spray volume calculation function is: Q = θ × P × t × k; where θ represents the first opening degree of the first spraying device, P represents the spraying pressure, t represents the spraying duration, Q represents the total spray volume, and k represents the nozzle flow coefficient; k = (n × d 2 ×C v ) / 100, where n represents the number of nozzles, d represents the orifice diameter of a single nozzle, and C v This represents the flow coefficient per unit orifice diameter.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a fourth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the secondary dust removal module further includes: The filter bag moisture content calculation unit is used to determine when the second time arrives, that the coal flow has reached the transfer dust point, and to calculate the initial filter bag moisture content based on the water mist volume, the filter bag surface area and the number of filter bags of the first dust removal equipment at the transfer dust point. An opening calculation unit is used to calculate the second opening of the second spraying device at the transfer dust point based on the second dust concentration at the transfer dust point when the initial filter bag moisture content exceeds a set moisture content threshold. The pulse-jet dust removal unit is used to calculate the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment and the pulse-jet cycle of the second spray equipment based on the second dust concentration, and to perform dust removal operation according to the second fan frequency and the pulse-jet cycle to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point. The dust removal efficiency analysis unit is used to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration of the first dust removal equipment. When the dust removal efficiency is lower than the set efficiency threshold, the unit calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust emission point.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a fifth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the jet-blown dust removal unit is specifically used for: Collect the second dust concentration at the transfer dust point and calculate the first frequency adjustment value corresponding to the dust load, and calculate the second frequency adjustment value corresponding to the filter bag resistance in the first dust removal equipment; The first operating frequency is added to the first frequency adjustment value and the second frequency adjustment value to obtain the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment, and the spraying cycle of the second spraying equipment is calculated at the same time. The frequency of the first fan is output to the first dust removal device, the blowing cycle is output to the second spray device, and the second spray device at the transfer dust point is started according to the second opening degree to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a sixth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the dust removal efficiency analysis unit further includes: The measurement subunit is used to measure the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration of the first dust removal equipment, and to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the inlet dust concentration and the outlet dust concentration. The judgment subunit is used to determine whether the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station is lower than a set efficiency threshold. The dust load calculation subunit is used to calculate the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust emission point based on the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station, the inlet dust concentration, and the dust transfer coefficient when the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station is lower than the set efficiency threshold.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the seventh implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the measurement subunit is specifically used for: A first dust concentration measurement value is collected at the inlet of the first dust removal equipment, and a second dust concentration measurement value is collected at the first dust removal equipment; The first dust concentration measurement value is input into the first Kalman filter to calculate the first predicted state value and the first predicted covariance. The first Kalman gain is calculated based on the first predicted covariance and the first measurement noise covariance. The inlet dust concentration is calculated based on the first Kalman gain, the first dust concentration measurement value, and the first predicted state value. The second dust concentration measurement value is input into the second Kalman filter to calculate the second predicted state value and the second predicted covariance. The second Kalman gain is calculated based on the second predicted covariance and the second measurement noise covariance. The outlet dust concentration is calculated based on the second Kalman gain, the second dust concentration measurement value, and the second predicted state value. Calculate the dust concentration difference between the inlet dust concentration and the outlet dust concentration, and calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the dust concentration difference and the inlet dust concentration.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the eighth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the dust load calculation subunit is specifically used for: The proportion of dust not captured at the transfer station is calculated based on the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station, and the proportion of dust is used as the dust escape rate. Multiply the dust escape rate by the inlet dust concentration and dust transfer coefficient of the first dust removal equipment to obtain the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing and dust emission point.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in the ninth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the three-stage dust removal module is specifically used for: When the third time arrives, it is determined that the coal flow has reached the dust-generating point, and the third dust concentration at the dust-generating point is collected and added to the dust transfer amount to obtain the predicted dust concentration value at the dust-generating point. The frequency of the second fan is calculated based on the predicted dust concentration, the second operating frequency of the second dust removal equipment at the dust emission point, and the dust concentration frequency coefficient. The frequency output of the second fan is sent to the second dust removal equipment to perform dust removal operation, thus completing the dust removal at the crushing dust emission point.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention achieves coordinated optimization of dust removal among coal unloading dust points, transfer dust points, and crushing dust points. When the primary dust removal module performs spray dust removal at the coal unloading dust point, it calculates the total spray volume and obtains the amount of water mist carried to the transfer dust point based on the downstream water mist carry-over coefficient. This water mist volume is transmitted to the secondary dust removal module to calculate the increase in the moisture content of the filter bags in the baghouse dust collector at the transfer station. When the filter bag moisture content exceeds a set threshold, the opening of the spray solenoid valve at the transfer dust point is automatically reduced, solving the technical problem of uncontrollable upstream spray water volume leading to downstream filter bag clogging. The secondary dust removal module calculates the dust removal efficiency by measuring the inlet and outlet dust concentrations of the baghouse dust collector at the transfer station. When the dust removal efficiency is lower than a set value, it calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust point. The tertiary dust removal module increases the frequency of the baghouse dust collector fan at the crushing dust point in advance based on this dust transfer amount, achieving a response to the increased downstream dust load caused by insufficient upstream dust removal and preventing downstream dust concentration from exceeding emission standards. By tracking the location of the coal flow through the coal flow arrival time calculation module, the dust concentration sensor is activated and the dust removal parameters are calculated in advance before the coal flow reaches each dust point. This improves the dust removal response speed, the accuracy of dust removal efficiency calculation, and the stability of the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system, thus avoiding air pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 This is the first structural schematic block diagram of the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for the coal conveying system provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second schematic block diagram of the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for the coal conveying system provided in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a graph showing the relationship between the total water spray volume at the coal unloading point and the moisture content of the filter bags at the transfer station, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4This is a graph showing the relationship between the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station and the amount of dust transferred at the crushing dust emission point, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the three-level dust collection point linkage dust removal control provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The flowchart shown in the attached diagram is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily include all content and operations / steps, nor does it necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be broken down, combined, or partially merged, so the actual execution order may change depending on the actual situation.

[0020] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0021] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items, and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations. See also Figure 1 One embodiment of the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for the coal conveying system in this invention includes: The primary dust removal module 101 is used to calculate the total water spray volume based on the first dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the coal unloading dust point of the coal conveying system, and to perform dust removal operation according to the total water spray volume, thereby completing the dust removal at the coal unloading dust point and obtaining the amount of water mist carried to the downstream transfer dust point. The secondary dust removal module 102 is used to calculate the frequency of the first fan of the first dust removal equipment and the spraying cycle of the second spraying equipment based on the water mist volume and the second dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the transfer dust point. It then performs dust removal operation according to the frequency of the first fan and the spraying cycle to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point and calculate the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust point. The three-stage dust removal module 103 is used to calculate the frequency of the second fan of the second dust removal equipment based on the dust transfer amount and the third dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the crushing dust point, and to perform the dust removal operation according to the frequency of the second fan to complete the dust removal at the crushing dust point.

[0022] In one specific embodiment, the intelligent multi-stage dust removal system of the coal conveying system further includes: like Figure 2 The coal flow arrival time calculation module 100 is used to collect the running speed of the belt in the conveyor belt; calculate the first time when the coal flow arrives at the unloading dust point based on the trigger time of the photoelectric sensor, the running speed and the distance from the unloading dust point; calculate the second time when the coal flow arrives at the transfer dust point based on the first time, the running speed and the distance from the unloading point to the transfer station; and calculate the third time when the coal flow arrives at the crushing dust point based on the second time, the running speed and the distance from the transfer station to the crusher.

[0023] Specifically, photoelectric sensors are installed in the belt conveyor system to capture obstruction signals at specific locations along the leading edge of the coal flow. Simultaneously, the linear speed of the belt is calculated in real time by reading the encoder pulse signals of the belt conveyor drive motor and combining them with the geometric parameters of the drive drum. The current operating speed *v*, expressed in meters per second, is calculated by combining the drum diameter and motor speed. When the coal flow passes the photoelectric sensor located at a specified distance (set to 50 meters) upstream of the unloading dust point, the current time is recorded as the photoelectric trigger time *t0*. The PLC controller then uses the proportional relationship between the speed *v* and the specified distance *d1* upstream of the unloading dust point, employing the formula *t1 = t0 + d1 / v*, to calculate the first time *t1* at which the coal flow arrives at the unloading dust point. This first time, combined with the continuous operating speed *v* of the belt and the conveying distance *L* from the unloading point to the transfer station, is then used to calculate the first time *t1* at which the coal flow arrives at the unloading dust point. 12 Calculate the time required for the coal flow to be transported from the unloading point to the transfer station, Δt2 = L 12 / v, we obtain the second time t2 = t1 + Δt2 when the coal flow reaches the transfer dust point. Based on the conveying distance L from the transfer station to the crusher... 23 Given a constant belt speed v, calculate the conveying time Δt3 = L 23 / v, and the third time t3 when the coal flow reaches the crushing and dust emission point is obtained by t3 = t2 + Δt3.

[0024] In one specific embodiment, the primary dust removal module 101 is specifically used for: In the first M seconds of the first time, the first dust concentration at the coal unloading point is collected, and the average dust concentration at the coal unloading point is calculated based on the first dust concentration. The first opening degree and spray pressure of the first spraying equipment at the coal unloading dust point are calculated based on the average dust concentration, and the spraying duration is calculated in combination with the length of the coal car body and the running speed. The total water volume is calculated using a total water volume calculation function based on the first opening degree, spray pressure, spray duration, and nozzle flow coefficient. Upon arrival, once the coal flow reaches the unloading dust point, the first spraying equipment is activated to perform dust removal operations at the first opening and spraying pressure. The water mist volume is calculated based on the total spray volume and the water mist carry-down coefficient.

[0025] Specifically, the pre-sampling stage begins M seconds (e.g., M=3) before the predicted coal flow reaches the unloading dust point. The PLC controller triggers the LD-5G laser dust concentration sensor to start operating, continuously collecting M sets of the first dust concentration values ​​at a sampling frequency of once per second, denoted as C. 11 C 12 …C 1M The average dust concentration C1 at the coal unloading point was calculated using the arithmetic mean method, i.e., C1 = (C 11 +C 12 +…+C 1M The average dust concentration (C1) is used to obtain the overall dust level in the air before the arrival of the current coal flow. Based on the average dust concentration, the opening degree θ1 of the first solenoid valve of the first spraying device is determined according to the set opening degree adjustment function. The opening degree adjustment function is set to a piecewise incremental form. For example, when C1 is greater than the basic threshold value (set to 200 mg / m³), the opening degree is adjusted accordingly. 3 After each increase in concentration, the opening degree is increased by a certain proportion, for example, θ1=min[100, (C1-200) / 50]. The higher the concentration, the greater the spray intensity, but it does not exceed the actuator's load-bearing capacity. Simultaneously, the required spray pressure P1 is calculated based on the C1 value. For example, it is set at a base spray pressure of 4MPa, with each increase of 1000mg / m³... 3 The concentration is increased by 1 MPa, i.e., P1 = 4 + (C1 - 2000) / 1000, automatically enhancing the water mist atomization effect to improve dust suppression efficiency in high-concentration scenarios. Combining the effective length L of the coal car body (set to 15 meters) and the current belt speed v, the spraying duration t = L / v + 10 is calculated, where "+10" represents the redundant compensation time added to account for coal flow residue and airflow disturbance, ensuring continuous controlled spraying coverage throughout the coal flow passing through the unloading port. The total spray water volume Q1 generated during the unloading point spraying operation is calculated based on the total spray water volume calculation function Q1 = θ1 × P1 × t × k, where k is the nozzle flow coefficient, in liters / second·MPa·%, comprehensively reflecting the product effect of the solenoid valve opening, spray pressure, and spraying time on the water volume. Upon arrival at the first time t1, the first spraying device is activated and two control command parameters, θ1 and P1, are applied, causing the spraying actuator to begin operation according to the set intensity and time cycle, completing the substantive dust removal process at the coal unloading dust point. Simultaneously, the amount of water mist generated by the spraying during this stage that can propagate downstream to the transfer point via aerodynamic induction with the coal flow is calculated, i.e., the amount of water mist carried is calculated based on the set water mist carrying coefficient β.

[0026] Figure 3This is a graph showing the relationship between the total water spray volume at the coal unloading point and the moisture content of the filter bags at the transfer station. The horizontal axis represents the total water spray volume at the coal unloading dust generation point, and the vertical axis represents the moisture content of the filter bags in the baghouse dust collector at the transfer station. There is a linear positive correlation between the water spray volume and the filter bag moisture content. The 8% mark is considered an area exceeding the standard, representing the upper limit of the safe moisture content of the filter bags. Exceeding this threshold will cause the filter bags to become clogged and affect the dust removal efficiency.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the total spray volume calculation function is: Q = θ × P × t × k; where θ represents the first opening degree of the first spraying device, in %; P represents the spraying pressure, in MPa; t represents the spraying duration, in seconds; Q represents the total spray volume, in liters; and k represents the nozzle flow coefficient, in liters / (second·MPa·%); k = (n × d 2 ×C v ) / 100, where n represents the number of nozzles, d represents the orifice diameter of a single nozzle in mm, and C v This represents the flow coefficient per unit orifice, with units of liters per second (MPa·cm). 2 ·%), 100 is used for unit conversion, converting mm 2 Convert to cm 2 .

[0028] Specifically, by using a total water spray volume calculation function, the total amount of water mist Q released in each spraying operation is estimated before each operation, providing boundary conditions for water mist transport modeling. The total water mist Q is input into the filter bag moisture content model. Based on extensive experimental and measured data fitting, a linear positive correlation is found between the water spray volume Q and the moisture content W of the filter bags in the transfer station baghouse dust collector, which can be expressed by a linear curve with a stable slope. Figure 3 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the total water spray volume Q, and the vertical axis represents the filter bag moisture content W, in percentage. The model serves as a dynamic prediction mechanism for the impact of the coal unloading point on the filter bag humidity at the transfer station. By estimating Q in real time, it inversely limits the spray parameter settings to prevent the downstream filter bag moisture content from exceeding the safe upper limit due to excessive upstream water mist. Figure 3 The 8% threshold is marked as the upper limit warning line for filter bag humidity. Exceeding the threshold enters the "bag clogging risk zone," which can easily cause a chain reaction of problems such as blockage of the filter material pore structure, decreased air permeability, and increased pressure difference, leading to a decrease in dust removal efficiency or even equipment shutdown. By preset three-level warning ranges for moisture content, when Q is about to cause W to approach 8%, Q is corrected by reducing θ or shortening t, thereby achieving closed-loop control and adjustment of the upstream spray intensity in advance, ensuring the stable operation and high-efficiency dust removal capability of the entire multi-stage dust removal system.

[0029] In this embodiment, calculating the first opening degree and spray pressure of the first spraying device at the coal unloading dust point based on the average dust concentration includes: collecting dust concentration data of the coal unloading dust point for multiple consecutive sampling periods, calculating the ratio of the dust concentration difference between adjacent sampling periods to the time interval, and obtaining the dust concentration change rate; calculating the opening degree benchmark value and pressure benchmark value based on the dust concentration change rate and the average dust concentration, increasing the dynamic adjustment amount of the opening degree and the dynamic adjustment amount of the pressure when the dust concentration change rate is positive, and decreasing the dynamic adjustment amount of the opening degree and the dynamic adjustment amount of the pressure when the dust concentration change rate is negative; adding the opening degree benchmark value and the opening dynamic adjustment amount to obtain the first opening degree of the first spraying device, and adding the pressure benchmark value and the pressure dynamic adjustment amount to obtain the spray pressure.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the secondary dust removal module 102 further includes: The filter bag moisture content calculation unit is used to determine when the coal flow arrives at the transfer dust point when the second time arrives, and to calculate the initial filter bag moisture content based on the water mist volume, the filter bag surface area and the number of filter bags of the first dust removal equipment at the transfer dust point. The opening calculation unit is used to calculate the second opening of the second spraying equipment at the transfer dust point based on the second dust concentration at the transfer dust point when the initial filter bag moisture content exceeds the set moisture content threshold. The pulse-jet dust removal unit is used to calculate the frequency of the first fan of the first dust removal equipment and the pulse-jet cycle of the second spray equipment based on the second dust concentration, and to perform dust removal operation according to the second fan frequency and the pulse-jet cycle to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point. The dust removal efficiency analysis unit is used to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration of the first dust removal equipment. When the dust removal efficiency is lower than the set efficiency threshold, it calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust emission point.

[0031] Specifically, at the moment when the coal flow reaches the second time point (i.e., the transfer dust point), the filter bag moisture content calculation unit calculates the actual amount of water mist entering the transfer station based on the total amount Q of water mist generated by the primary dust removal module's spraying operation at the coal unloading point, combined with the preset water mist downstream carry-over coefficient β. The filter bag structure parameters of the first dust removal equipment configured at the transfer dust point are obtained, including the number of filter bags and the surface area of ​​each filter bag. These two are multiplied to obtain the total surface area of ​​the filter bags, which is used as the distribution benchmark to calculate the initial moisture content of the filter bags, in percentage form. It is then determined whether the initial moisture content exceeds the set moisture content threshold. If it does not exceed the threshold, the original control parameters remain unchanged. If the initial moisture content is found to be close to or exceeds the threshold, the opening calculation unit is activated. The opening calculation unit reads the current second dust concentration C2 in real time, and, combined with the set spraying control function, maps C2 to the opening value θ2 that the second spraying equipment should bear. An inhibition factor is introduced to correct the opening, preventing further increase in moisture load under wet filter bag conditions and ensuring that basic dust suppression capabilities are not lost. The pulse-jet dust removal unit calculates the target operating frequency f1 of the fan required by the first dust removal equipment based on C2, in order to enhance the adsorption capacity to cope with high-load dust. Simultaneously, it obtains the current filter bag resistance ΔP through a differential pressure sensor, maps it to a second frequency correction Δf2, and superimposes it with the previous term to obtain the final operating frequency. At the same time, it calculates the pulse-jet cycle based on the combined situation of C2 and ΔP to achieve automatic cleaning of dust accumulation on the filter bag surface, ensuring long-term operational capability. Simultaneously, θ2, f1, and the pulse-jet cycle are synchronously output to the spray solenoid valve, fan frequency converter, and pulse controller to execute the dust removal operation. To evaluate the current dust removal status, the dust removal efficiency analysis unit collects the real-time dust concentration C at the inlet and outlet of the first dust removal equipment. in With C out Substituting into the efficiency function η=(C in -C out ) / C in Calculate the current dust removal efficiency η2 by multiplying by 100%, and compare it with the set threshold η. thresh A comparison is made. When η2 is higher than the threshold, the current parameters are maintained for stable operation; when η2 is lower than the threshold, it is determined that there is a risk of filter bag failure, dust accumulation saturation, or insufficient dust removal, based on the dust transfer calculation function C. add =(1-η² / 100)×C in ×γ, where γ is the transmission coefficient, transmits the dust increment value to the downstream crushing dust control module as C. 3predict Basis for revising forecast values.

[0032] Figure 4This is a graph showing the relationship between the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station and the dust transfer rate to the downstream crushing and dust emission point. The horizontal axis represents the dust removal efficiency of the bag filter at the transfer station, and the vertical axis represents the dust load increment input to the downstream crushing and dust emission point. There is a negative correlation between dust removal efficiency and dust load increment; the higher the dust removal efficiency at the transfer station, the smaller the dust load increment transferred downstream. The vertical dashed line at 90% marks the set value boundary. When the dust removal efficiency is below 90%, the calculation area for dust load increment begins. At this point, the key point (90%, 60) indicates that the dust load increment is 60 mg / m³ when the dust removal efficiency is 90%. 3 A decline in the dust removal efficiency at the transfer station will lead to more uncaptured dust entering the downstream crushing and dust emission points along with the coal and airflow, increasing the downstream dust load. This demonstrates the impact of upstream dust removal efficiency on the operating parameters of downstream dust removal equipment.

[0033] In this embodiment, the filter bag moisture content calculation unit and the opening calculation unit further include: establishing a three-level early warning threshold for filter bag moisture content; setting the upstream spray feedback coefficient as the first adjustment coefficient when the initial filter bag moisture content is between the first and second early warning thresholds; setting the upstream spray feedback coefficient as the second adjustment coefficient when the initial filter bag moisture content is between the second and third early warning thresholds; transmitting the upstream spray feedback coefficient to the first-level dust removal module via a data bus; calculating the opening correction amount and pressure correction amount of the first spray equipment at the coal unloading dust point based on the upstream spray feedback coefficient; and adjusting the first opening and spray pressure of the first spray equipment in real time using the opening correction amount and pressure correction amount to reduce the amount of water mist carried to the downstream transfer dust point.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the jet dust removal unit is specifically used for: Collect the second dust concentration at the transfer dust point and calculate the first frequency adjustment value corresponding to the dust load, and calculate the second frequency adjustment value corresponding to the filter bag resistance in the first dust removal equipment; The first operating frequency is added to the first frequency adjustment value and the second frequency adjustment value to obtain the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment, and the spraying cycle of the second spraying equipment is calculated at the same time. The frequency of the first fan is output to the first dust removal equipment, the pulse-jet cycle is output to the second spray equipment, and the second spray equipment at the transfer dust point is started according to the second opening degree to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point.

[0035] Specifically, the dust concentration detection process is initiated at the second time point after the coal flow arrives at the transfer dust point. An LD-5G laser dust sensor deployed above the transfer station continuously collects the concentration of suspended particulate matter in the air, and the second dust concentration C2 is input into the calculation module as a reference variable for fan speed regulation. Based on a preset concentration-frequency mapping function, C2 is compared with the baseline concentration threshold C. 阈值If C2 exceeds the reference threshold, the first frequency adjustment value Δf1 is calculated, expressed as Δf1 = (C2 - C...). 阈值 ) / K1, where K1 is the adjustment sensitivity coefficient, with units of mg / m 3 •Hz, reflecting the direct impact of dust load on fan frequency. Simultaneously, the differential pressure sensor is used to obtain the resistance parameter ΔP inside the filter bag of the first dust collector, and this is calculated using the function Δf2=(ΔP-ΔP). 初始 The second frequency adjustment value is calculated using ΔP / K2, where ΔP 初始 K1 is the initial pressure difference value, and K2 is the pressure difference-frequency transformation coefficient used to quantify the impact of filter bag resistance changes on the fan load. Δf1 and Δf2 are then compared with the initial operating frequency f. 初始 The required first fan frequency f1 = f is obtained by summing and calculating. 初始 The values ​​of +Δf1 and +Δf2 are used to ensure that the fan output airflow can simultaneously meet the filtration requirements of the current dust load and the airflow compensation requirements caused by the filter bag resistance. Meanwhile, to prevent filter bag blockage under high-concentration conditions, the pulse jet cleaning cycle T is calculated based on ΔP. 喷吹 This is used to implement a dynamic dust removal strategy where the greater the pressure difference, the more frequent the pulse-jet cleaning. The controller outputs the calculated fan frequency f1 to the frequency converter corresponding to the first dust removal device in the form of an analog signal or digital command, and simultaneously adjusts T... 喷吹 The pulse controller controls the blowing rhythm of the second spraying equipment. At the same time, according to the second opening θ2 given by the pre-order opening calculation unit, the spraying solenoid valve is driven to enter the water flow state to carry out dynamic spraying operation with the set intensity. This forms a closed-loop linkage control between the fan, differential pressure cleaning and atomization dust suppression, and completes a high-response and high-efficiency dust removal operation at the transfer dust point. While maintaining the permeability of the filter bag and the stable operation of the system, it ensures that the emissions meet the standards.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the dust removal efficiency analysis unit further includes: The measurement subunit is used to measure the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration of the first dust removal equipment, and to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration. The judgment subunit is used to determine whether the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station is lower than the set efficiency threshold. The dust load calculation subunit is used to calculate the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust emission point based on the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station, the inlet dust concentration, and the dust transfer coefficient when the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station is lower than the set efficiency threshold.

[0037] Specifically, two sets of high-precision LD-5G laser dust concentration sensors deployed at the inlet and outlet of the first dust removal equipment are used to collect the original concentration C of the untreated coal gas dust stream at the front end of the filter bag. inAnd the residual concentration C at the rear end of the filter bag after dust removal treatment out The two sets of data have the same sampling frequency and aligned timestamps. According to the defined dust removal efficiency calculation formula η = (C in - C out ) / C in × 100% Calculate the real-time working efficiency η of the bag filter at the current transfer station. 工作 This indicates the filter bag system's ability to remove raw particulate matter and reflects in real time whether the filter bag is saturated, damaged, or experiencing abnormal dust removal. The real-time efficiency value is input into the judgment subunit and compared with the set efficiency threshold η. thresh A comparison was made, and η was detected. 工作 If the dust load falls below a threshold, such as 90%, the current dust removal system is considered to have entered a performance degradation range, at which point the dust load calculation subunit is triggered to enter working mode. This subunit calculates the dust load based on the proportion of dust escape caused by the current efficiency decrease, i.e., (1 - η). 工作 / 100), combined with the measured inlet dust concentration C in And based on the preset dust transfer coefficient γ, calculate the downstream pollution load increment C. add =(1 - η 工作 / 100) × C in × γ, where γ is the transfer parameter fitted based on the airflow path structure and coal conveying distance. The dust transfer amount C add The predicted parameters are passed to the dust control module at the crushing point to correct the predicted dust concentration at that point, so as to adjust the operating frequency of downstream dust removal equipment in advance and initiate spraying intervention measures when necessary.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, the measurement subunit is specifically used for: A first dust concentration measurement value is collected at the inlet of the first dust removal equipment, and a second dust concentration measurement value is collected at the first dust removal equipment; The first dust concentration measurement value is input into the first Kalman filter, the first predicted state value and the first predicted covariance are calculated, the first Kalman gain is calculated based on the first predicted covariance and the first measurement noise covariance, and the inlet dust concentration is calculated based on the first Kalman gain, the first dust concentration measurement value and the first predicted state value. The second dust concentration measurement value is input into the second Kalman filter to calculate the second predicted state value and the second predicted covariance. The second Kalman gain is calculated based on the second predicted covariance and the second measurement noise covariance. The outlet dust concentration is calculated based on the second Kalman gain, the second dust concentration measurement value, and the second predicted state value. Calculate the dust concentration difference between the inlet and outlet dust concentrations, and calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the dust concentration difference and the inlet dust concentration.

[0039] Specifically, high-sensitivity laser dust sensors are deployed at the inlet and outlet of the first dust removal equipment to collect real-time measurements of the unprocessed first dust concentration at the inlet and the processed second dust concentration at the outlet. These two sets of raw measurement data are then input into a Kalman filter calculation process for dynamic state estimation and filtering correction. The inlet dust concentration measurement is input into the first Kalman filter, and a first predicted state value (such as a priori concentration estimate of the inlet dust) and a corresponding first predicted covariance are generated based on the state prediction model, reflecting the uncertainty of the current predicted state. Combining the sensor system's set or adaptive estimate of the first measurement noise covariance, a first Kalman gain is calculated. This gain balances the influence ratio of the current measurement value to the predicted value on the final estimate. Based on the first Kalman gain, the original first dust concentration measurement value, and the first predicted state value, a correction update is performed to obtain the filtered inlet dust concentration estimate, achieving real-time noise reduction for factors such as sensor fluctuations, uneven particle distribution, and background disturbances. Simultaneously, the second dust concentration measurement value from the outlet side is input into the second Kalman filter. The same processing procedure as the inlet side is adopted, namely, generating the second predicted state value and predicted covariance, calculating the second Kalman gain, and then updating the state based on the gain and the observed residuals to obtain the filtered estimated dust concentration value at the outlet. The concentration difference between the two is calculated, and the real-time dust removal efficiency η of the first dust removal equipment at the current transfer station is obtained according to the dust removal efficiency formula. 工作 .

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the dust load calculation subunit is specifically used for: The proportion of dust not captured at the transfer station is calculated based on the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station, and this proportion is used as the dust escape rate. Multiply the dust escape rate by the inlet dust concentration and dust transfer coefficient of the first dust removal equipment to obtain the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing and dust emission point.

[0041] Specifically, based on the dust removal efficiency η of the transfer station 工作 A coupled expression model of the dust residue ratio and downstream load was constructed. When the inlet dust concentration C of the first dust removal equipment was measured... in and the concentration of dust at the outlet C out After Kalman filtering correction, the accurate η is obtained. 工作The proportion of dust that the dust removal equipment failed to capture, E, is calculated. This proportion represents the share of particles escaping per unit concentration and is directly used as the dust escape rate. The inlet dust concentration measured at the front end is retrieved as the actual dust load source strength. Simultaneously, the dust transfer coefficient γ is introduced. This coefficient is an empirical constant fitted by combining the gas-solid two-phase flow transport path, spatial volume, particle size distribution, flow field simulation results, and historical measured data between the transfer station and the breakup point. Its physical meaning is the effective proportion of dust escaping per unit concentration that can ultimately be carried to the breakup dust point by the airflow. Based on this, a dust transfer rate calculation function is constructed, and this value serves as an important correction term for the predicted dust concentration at the breakup point. The controller writes the calculation path of the dust removal module at the breakup dust point to pre-correct the frequency of the bag filter fan or whether to activate the auxiliary spray module, achieving predictive response control to the pollution diffusion trend caused by insufficient upstream dust removal capacity.

[0042] In one specific embodiment, the three-stage dust removal module 103 is specifically used for: When the third time arrives, it is determined that the coal flow has reached the dust emission point, and the third dust concentration at the dust emission point is collected and added to the dust transfer amount to obtain the predicted dust concentration value at the dust emission point. The frequency of the second fan is calculated based on the predicted dust concentration, the second operating frequency of the second dust removal equipment at the crushing dust emission point, and the dust concentration frequency coefficient. The frequency output of the second fan is sent to the second dust removal equipment to perform dust removal operation, thus completing the dust removal at the crushing dust emission point.

[0043] Specifically, at the third time point in the coal flow's operation—the moment the coal flow is about to reach the crushing dust emission point—the location prediction module confirms that the coal flow has entered the area and triggers the third dust concentration sampling process. This involves activating the laser dust concentration sensor deployed above the crusher chamber to collect the actual dust concentration value in the current environment in real time. Simultaneously, it retrieves the dust transfer amount from the transfer station. This parameter, representing the effective input value after transmission loss due to insufficient upstream dust removal efficiency, indicates the increase in dust that has not been intercepted by upstream equipment and has entered the crushing area with the coal flow. By linearly superimposing the local dust concentration with the upstream transfer amount, the predicted dust concentration at the crushing dust emission point is calculated. This predicted value reflects the actual concentration level under the combined effect of the dust source caused by local crushing operations and the upstream dust input. Based on the set speed control function, the controller calls the operating frequency of the current second dust removal equipment and, combined with the corresponding load adjustment formula, converts the degree of exceeding the predicted concentration into the adjustment range of the fan frequency, thereby increasing the exhaust volume to cope with the filter bag load caused by the increased concentration. The f2 value is output to the frequency converter control interface of the fan of the second dust removal equipment, so that it enters the matching state in advance before or at the same time as the coal flow enters the crusher chamber to achieve active response. This ensures that it has sufficient negative pressure adsorption capacity when high concentration dust impacts, suppresses instantaneous dust diffusion, maintains the emission concentration within the environmental protection standard, and completes the intelligent dust removal scheduling of the crushing dust point throughout the entire process.

[0044] In this embodiment, the frequency of the second fan is calculated based on the predicted dust concentration, the second operating frequency of the second dust removal equipment at the crushing dust emission point, and the dust concentration frequency coefficient. This includes: recording the dust removal efficiency data of the transfer station and the actual dust concentration data of the crushing dust emission point from multiple historical sampling periods; establishing a mapping relationship between dust removal efficiency and dust transfer amount; querying the mapping relationship based on the current dust removal efficiency of the transfer station to obtain the predicted correction value of dust transfer amount; using the difference between the predicted correction value of dust transfer amount and the dust transfer amount as the prediction error; correcting the predicted dust concentration value based on the prediction error to obtain the corrected predicted dust concentration value; calculating the frequency of the second fan based on the corrected predicted dust concentration value, the second operating frequency, and the dust concentration frequency coefficient; and adjusting the second dust removal equipment to operate at the second fan frequency before the third time arrives.

[0045] Figure 5This is a flowchart illustrating the three-level dust collection and control system for coordinated dust removal at three dust-generating points. Starting with coal flow detection, the system executes in three parallel steps. The first step is dust control at the coal unloading point, including coal flow location tracking, dust concentration collection, spray parameter calculation, spray dust removal execution, and total water volume calculation. The water mist data is then transmitted to the second step. The second step is dust control at the transfer point, including receiving water mist, calculating filter bag moisture content, adjusting spray opening, executing baghouse dust collection, calculating dust transfer increment, and calculating dust removal efficiency. The dust transfer data is then transmitted to the third step. The third step is dust control at the crushing point, including receiving dust transfer amount, calculating predicted dust concentration, calculating fan frequency, and executing dust removal operations. This three-level coordinated dust collection and control mechanism, based on coal flow location tracking, reflects the impact of upstream spray water volume on downstream filter bag moisture content and the transmission of upstream dust removal efficiency to downstream dust load, achieving coordinated optimization of parameters at multiple dust-generating points.

[0046] Through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned components, the primary dust removal module 101 calculates the total spray volume and, based on the downstream carry-over coefficient, obtains the amount of water mist carried to the transfer dust point during the spray dust removal at the coal unloading point. This water mist volume is then transmitted to the secondary dust removal module 102 to calculate the increase in the moisture content of the filter bags in the transfer station's baghouse dust collector. When the filter bag moisture content exceeds a set threshold, the opening of the spray solenoid valve at the transfer dust point is automatically reduced. The secondary dust removal module 102 calculates the dust removal efficiency by measuring the inlet and outlet dust concentrations of the baghouse dust collector at the transfer station. When the dust removal efficiency is lower than a set value, it calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust point. The tertiary dust removal module 103, based on this dust transfer amount, proactively increases the frequency of the baghouse dust collector fan at the crushing dust point. This achieves a response to the increased downstream dust load caused by insufficient upstream dust removal, preventing downstream dust concentration from exceeding emission standards and improving the dust removal response speed.

[0047] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing system embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0048] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause an electronic device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the system described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0049] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system, characterized in that, include: The primary dust removal module is used to calculate the total water spray volume based on the first dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the coal unloading dust point of the coal conveying system, and to perform dust removal operation according to the total water spray volume, thereby completing the dust removal at the coal unloading dust point and obtaining the amount of water mist carried to the downstream transfer dust point. The coal flow arrival time calculation module is used to collect the running speed of the belt in the conveyor belt; and calculate the first time when the coal flow arrives at the unloading dust point based on the trigger time of the photoelectric sensor, the running speed and the distance to the unloading dust point. The second time when the coal flow reaches the transfer dust point is calculated based on the first time, the operating speed, and the distance from the unloading point to the transfer station. The third time when the coal flow reaches the crushing and dust emission point is calculated based on the second time, the operating speed, and the distance from the transfer station to the coal crusher. The secondary dust removal module is used to calculate the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment and the spraying cycle of the second spraying equipment based on the water mist volume and the second dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the transfer dust point. The module performs dust removal operation according to the first fan frequency and the spraying cycle, completes the dust removal at the transfer dust point, and calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust point. The secondary dust removal module also includes: The filter bag moisture content calculation unit is used to determine when the second time arrives, that the coal flow has reached the transfer dust point, and to calculate the initial filter bag moisture content based on the water mist volume, the filter bag surface area and the number of filter bags of the first dust removal equipment at the transfer dust point. An opening calculation unit is used to calculate the second opening of the second spraying device at the transfer dust point based on the second dust concentration at the transfer dust point when the initial filter bag moisture content exceeds a set moisture content threshold. The pulse-jet dust removal unit is used to calculate the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment and the pulse-jet cycle of the second spray equipment based on the second dust concentration, and to perform dust removal operation according to the first fan frequency and the pulse-jet cycle to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point. The dust removal efficiency analysis unit is used to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration of the first dust removal equipment. When the dust removal efficiency is lower than the set efficiency threshold, the unit calculates the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust emission point. The three-stage dust removal module is used to calculate the frequency of the second fan of the second dust removal equipment based on the dust transfer amount and the third dust concentration when the coal flow reaches the crushing dust point, and to perform the dust removal operation according to the frequency of the second fan to complete the dust removal at the crushing dust point.

2. The intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary dust removal module is specifically used for: In the first M seconds of the first time period, the first dust concentration at the coal unloading dust point is collected, and the average dust concentration at the coal unloading dust point is calculated based on the first dust concentration. The first opening degree and spray pressure of the first spraying equipment at the coal unloading dust point are calculated based on the average dust concentration, and the spraying duration is calculated in combination with the length of the coal car body and the operating speed. The total water volume is calculated using a total water volume calculation function based on the first opening degree, the spray pressure, the spray duration, and the nozzle flow coefficient. When the first time is reached, it is determined that the coal flow has reached the coal unloading dust point. The first spraying equipment is started to perform spraying dust removal operation according to the first opening degree and the spraying pressure, and the water mist volume is calculated according to the total spraying volume and the water mist carry-down coefficient.

3. The intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for the coal conveying system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The function for calculating the total spray volume is: Q = θ × P × t × k; where θ represents the first opening degree of the first spraying device, P represents the spraying pressure, t represents the spraying duration, Q represents the total spray volume, and k represents the nozzle flow coefficient; k = (n × d 2 ×C v ) / 100, where n represents the number of nozzles, d represents the orifice diameter of a single nozzle, and C v This represents the flow coefficient per unit orifice diameter.

4. The intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet dust removal unit is specifically used for: Collect the second dust concentration at the transfer dust point and calculate the first frequency adjustment value corresponding to the dust load. Calculate the second frequency adjustment value corresponding to the filter bag resistance in the first dust removal equipment and obtain the first operating frequency of the first dust removal equipment. The first operating frequency is added to the first frequency adjustment value and the second frequency adjustment value to obtain the first fan frequency of the first dust removal equipment, and the spraying cycle of the second spraying equipment is calculated at the same time. The frequency of the first fan is output to the first dust removal device, the blowing cycle is output to the second spray device, and the second spray device at the transfer dust point is started according to the second opening degree to complete the dust removal at the transfer dust point.

5. The intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal efficiency analysis unit also includes: The measurement subunit is used to measure the inlet dust concentration and outlet dust concentration of the first dust removal equipment, and to calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the inlet dust concentration and the outlet dust concentration. The judgment subunit is used to determine whether the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station is lower than a set efficiency threshold. The dust load calculation subunit is used to calculate the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing dust emission point based on the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station, the inlet dust concentration, and the dust transfer coefficient when the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station is lower than the set efficiency threshold.

6. The intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The measurement subunit is specifically used for: A first dust concentration measurement value is collected at the inlet of the first dust removal equipment, and a second dust concentration measurement value is collected at the outlet of the first dust removal equipment; The first dust concentration measurement value is input into the first Kalman filter to calculate the first predicted state value and the first predicted covariance. The first Kalman gain is calculated based on the first predicted covariance and the first measurement noise covariance. The inlet dust concentration is calculated based on the first Kalman gain, the first dust concentration measurement value, and the first predicted state value. The second dust concentration measurement value is input into the second Kalman filter to calculate the second predicted state value and the second predicted covariance. The second Kalman gain is calculated based on the second predicted covariance and the second measurement noise covariance. The outlet dust concentration is calculated based on the second Kalman gain, the second dust concentration measurement value, and the second predicted state value. Calculate the dust concentration difference between the inlet dust concentration and the outlet dust concentration, and calculate the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station based on the dust concentration difference and the inlet dust concentration.

7. The intelligent multi-stage dust removal system for a coal conveying system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dust load calculation subunit is specifically used for: The proportion of dust not captured at the transfer station is calculated based on the dust removal efficiency of the transfer station, and the proportion of dust is used as the dust escape rate. Multiply the dust escape rate by the inlet dust concentration and dust transfer coefficient of the first dust removal equipment to obtain the amount of dust transferred to the downstream crushing and dust emission point.

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