Method for planting festuca arundinacea based on coastal region grey yard

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method for planting festuca arundinacea based on a coastal area grey yard, which comprises the following steps: selecting a planting area; soil improvement is conducted on the planting area; planting the festuca arundinacea according to the seeding rate; field management and harvesting are conducted after sowing. According to the method, the forage grass varieties suitable for being planted in the coastal area grey yard are screened, the forage grass growth environment is improved through the proper covering soil and the modifying agent, and the forage grass activity is improved. In addition, through integration of a scientific cultivation technology and field management, germination and growth of forage grass seeds are promoted, water-saving irrigation is achieved, the yield of high-quality forage grass is increased, the problem of dust raising of the ash yard is solved, and meanwhile greening of the coastal ash yard is achieved for ecological restoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a method for planting tall fescue in ash fields in coastal areas. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, coal has been the primary source of electricity, and coal-fired power plants generate large amounts of fly ash annually. Much of this ash cannot be effectively utilized and is simply stored in ash dumps. Currently, the main methods for ash dump management include spraying, soil covering, surface solidification, and ecological restoration. Ecological restoration is the primary method, mainly achieved by planting vegetation in the ash dump. This method requires relatively little investment, has a significant dust control effect, does not affect the operation of the ash dump, and can improve the quality of the ecological environment, making it a relatively ideal ash dump management method. However, planting vegetation in ash dumps in coastal areas presents several challenges: First, ash often has poor granular structure, high salt and heavy metal content, and low nutrient content, making it difficult for plants to survive when planted directly on it. Second, coastal areas have shorter sunshine hours and a humid climate, lacking suitable ecological restoration plants. Third, since ash dumps are mostly formed by land reclamation of fly ash, the interaction between the ash dump and the ash pit means that the water, fertilizer, air, and heat conditions of the ash dump are jointly affected by surface water and groundwater, thus affecting plant growth. Furthermore, ecological restoration of coastal ash dumps aims to achieve greening of the ash dumps. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application aims to at least partially address one of the technical problems in the related technologies. Based on a method for planting tall fescue in coastal ash fields, this application achieves multiple objectives—ecological restoration, pollution control, and land reuse—by screening suitable forage varieties for planting in coastal ash fields and improving the survival rate of tall fescue.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a method for planting tall fescue in coastal ash fields, comprising the following steps: Select a flat, well-ventilated, sunny area with ample water supply as the planting area and set up irrigation and drainage facilities; the pH value of the ash field should be 4.7-9.0. Soil improvement in the planting area includes spreading potting soil for covering, spreading soil conditioner, and spreading compound fertilizer. Tall fescue is planted according to the seeding rate; wherein the seeding rate of tall fescue is 30g-45g / m². 2 Sowing depth is 1-3cm, and seeds are broadcast evenly without spacing between plants and rows. Immediately after sowing, water thoroughly and water multiple times at set intervals to ensure the tall fescue germinates, seedlings grow, tillers, and matures stably; apply top dressing once during the tall fescue's greening period and after cutting, and water after top dressing; at the same time, spray comprehensive disease treatment agents according to the spread of diseases; It forms a lawn.

[0005] In some embodiments, the cultivation soil includes at least one of nutrient soil, humus soil, or yellow-red soil and well-rotted farmyard manure; the nutrient soil, the humus soil, or the yellow-red soil are mixed with the well-rotted farmyard manure in equal mass; the covering thickness of the cultivation soil is 20-25 cm.

[0006] In some embodiments, the potting soil further includes improved substrate materials; by weight, the improved substrate materials include 40-50 parts coconut coir, 30-40 parts leaf mold, 20-30 parts perlite, 10-20 parts vermiculite, and 10-20 parts peat moss.

[0007] In some embodiments, the soil conditioner comprises mineral-derived potassium humate, water-soluble humic acid, and a bactericide mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3:2.

[0008] In some embodiments, the compound fertilizer comprises diammonium phosphate, urea, and potassium sulfate mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:5, with an application rate of 400-450 g / m³. 2 .

[0009] In some embodiments, the drainage slope in the irrigation and drainage facilities is a drainage slope of 0.3% to 0.5% after the surface soil of the planting area is leveled.

[0010] In some embodiments, urea is applied and irrigation is carried out immediately after the tall fescue is cut, wherein the amount of urea used is 5-10 kg / acre; the final cut is completed 4-6 weeks before frost.

[0011] In some embodiments, for diseases such as rust and seedling blight of tall fescue, spray with 800-1200 times diluted fungicide once a week for three consecutive weeks; for pests such as aphids and cutworms, spray with 600-800 times diluted 2.5% cyhalothrin once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0012] In some embodiments, after sowing and watering thoroughly, water once every 2-3 days to allow the forage grass to germinate and take root; then water once every 3-4 days to allow the seedlings to recover; after the seedlings have recovered, water once every 30 days; when the seedlings are 10cm-15cm tall, water once to allow tillering, and then irrigate 1-2 times according to soil moisture.

[0013] This application has the following advantages over the prior art: This application selected alkali-tolerant, drought-tolerant, and stress-resistant tall fescue varieties best suited for planting in coastal ash fields. Soil improvement in the planting area before planting enhances the survival rate. This forage grass thrives in the coastal environment and completes its full life cycle. Furthermore, tall fescue seeds are inexpensive, have a high survival rate, and require low maintenance, making them suitable for large-scale ash field ecological restoration. After restoration, these areas can be considered as forage, achieving the ecological transformation of industrial waste sites.

[0014] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for planting tall fescue in a coastal ash field according to one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Rather, embodiments of this application include all variations, modifications, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, to achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a method for planting tall fescue in coastal ash fields, comprising the following steps: S1: Select a flat ash field area with gentle terrain, good ventilation, sunshine and sufficient water source as the planting area and set up irrigation and drainage facilities; the pH value of the ash field is 4.7-9.0; S2: Improve the soil quality in the planting area; including spreading potting soil for covering, spreading soil conditioner, and spreading compound fertilizer; S3: Plant tall fescue according to the seeding rate; the seeding rate for tall fescue is 30g-45g / m². 2 Sowing depth is 1-3cm, and seeds are broadcast evenly without spacing between plants and rows. S4: Water thoroughly immediately after sowing and water multiple times at set intervals to promote germination, seedling growth, tillering, and stable maturity of tall fescue; apply top dressing once during the greening period of tall fescue and after cutting, and water after top dressing; at the same time, spray comprehensive disease treatment agents according to the spread of diseases. S5: Forms a lawn.

[0018] In S1, it is advisable to select ash field soil with gentle terrain, flat ground, good ventilation and sunshine, sufficient water supply, and a pH value between 4.7 and 9.0 to determine the planting area. For example, samples were taken from multiple planting areas. The test data of the soil in the planting area showed that the total water-soluble salt content was 4.5 g / kg and the water-soluble potassium content was 1.98 × 10⁻⁶ g / kg. -2 The concentrations of total arsenic (g / kg), total cadmium (0.0812 g / kg), total chromium (40 g / kg), total copper (23 g / kg), total lead (0.016 g / kg), total mercury (0.014 g / kg), and total nickel (27 g / kg) were measured. An irrigation system was also installed around the planting area to facilitate post-planting field management.

[0019] S2 involves soil improvement in the planting area, including covering the planting area with potting soil, applying soil conditioner, and applying compound fertilizer. For example, targeted soil improvement is performed based on the specific forage grass variety to be planted. The potting soil includes at least one of nutrient soil, humus, or yellow-red soil, and well-rotted farmyard manure. At least one of nutrient soil, humus, or yellow-red soil is mixed with well-rotted farmyard manure in equal weight. The covering thickness of the potting soil is 20-25 cm. The soil conditioner includes a mixture of mineral-derived potassium humate, water-soluble humic acid, and a fungicide in a mass ratio of 10:3:2. The application rate of the soil conditioner is 320 g / m². 2 The fungicide is an agent targeting rust and seedling blight. The compound fertilizer consists of diammonium phosphate, urea, and potassium sulfate mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:5, with an application rate of 400-450 g / m³. 2 .

[0020] The nutrient soil in this application is specially formulated to meet the growth and development needs of seedlings. It contains a variety of mineral nutrients, is loose and well-aerated, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and is free from pests and diseases. Nutrient soil is generally prepared by mixing fertile field soil with well-rotted manure. Humus soil is a traditional decomposed soil, a mixture of plant matter and various organic wastes (such as kitchen waste). Humus soil is formed from the long-term decomposition and fermentation of dead branches and leaves from trees in the topsoil layer of forests. The parent material of yellow-red soil mainly consists of weathered sandstone, slate, mudstone, shale, tuff, and granite, followed by weathered basement, intermediate igneous rocks, and limestone. Other raw materials not mentioned in this embodiment are commercially available products, and the fungicide can be selected as a fungicide.

[0021] This embodiment selects appropriate potting soil, soil conditioner, and compound fertilizer based on the forage grass variety to rapidly increase soil organic matter content, improve soil aggregate structure, enhance soil permeability, reduce surface soil pH, and improve soil microbial ecology and physicochemical properties. This promotes forage grass seed germination and root growth and development, comprehensively improving soil fertility and crop yield. It solves the problems that ash field soils typically have poor aggregate structure, high salt and alkali content, high heavy metal content, and low nutrient content, making it difficult for plants to survive when planted directly on ash slag.

[0022] In some embodiments, the potting soil further includes improved substrate materials; by weight, the improved substrate materials include 40-50 parts coconut coir, 30-40 parts leaf mold, 20-30 parts perlite, 10-20 parts vermiculite, and 10-20 parts peat moss. The potting soil further includes improved substrate materials; in other words, the potting soil includes at least one of nutrient soil, humus, or yellow-red soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, and improved substrate materials. Coconut coir and peat moss can absorb and retain large amounts of water and nutrients like a sponge, reducing irrigation frequency. Perlite and vermiculite are lightweight and porous, greatly increasing the porosity of the substrate, ensuring sufficient oxygen around the roots and preventing root rot. Perlite is primarily for aeration and drainage, while vermiculite combines water retention and aeration. Leaf mold is a prime example of natural granular structure, further harmonizing the water-air balance. Furthermore, leaf mold and peat moss serve as sources of organic matter and slow-release nutrients. Containing humic acid, they continuously release nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements, and possess a strong cation exchange capacity (CEC), adsorbing nutrient ions and preventing water loss, thus improving fertilizer utilization. Coconut coir, after salt washing, has a low nutrient content but strong fertilizer retention capacity, serving as a nutrient buffer. Vermiculite also has a high cation exchange capacity, adsorbing nutrient ions such as potassium, ammonium, and magnesium. High-quality coconut coir and peat moss have a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.5-6.5), suitable for most pasture grasses, and leaf mold is often slightly acidic, which can adjust the pH of the planting area. Therefore, the combination in this application creates a harmonious root environment of water, fertilizer, air, and heat, which is conducive to the rapid and robust root growth of tall fescue.

[0023] In some embodiments, the covering thickness of the cultivation soil is 20-25 cm. The soil conditioner comprises potassium humate (mineral-derived), water-soluble humic acid, and a fungicide mixed in a mass ratio of 10:3:2; the application rate of the soil conditioner is 320 g / m². 2 The fungicide is an agent targeting rust and seedling blight. The compound fertilizer consists of diammonium phosphate, urea, and potassium sulfate mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:5, with an application rate of 400-450 g / m³. 2 .

[0024] In this embodiment, the soil covering thickness during planting is 20cm; the application rate of soil conditioner is 320g / m³.2 The application rate of compound fertilizer is 450g / m². 2 If the topsoil layer is too thick, it reduces soil aeration; if it is too thin, it increases soil moisture evaporation, lowers organic matter content, reduces soil water retention, and exacerbates surface soil salinization. Simultaneously, if the amount of soil conditioner applied is too small, it cannot effectively improve soil alkalinity, reducing the survival rate of pasture grasses. Excessive fertilization can burn seedlings, while insufficient application reduces nutrient content.

[0025] In some embodiments, the drainage slope in the irrigation and drainage facilities is a drainage slope of 0.3% to 0.5% after the surface soil of the planting area is leveled.

[0026] The drainage slope is created by leveling the surface soil of the planting area to a gradient of 0.3% to 0.5%. In other words, the elevation decreases by 0.3-0.5 meters every 100 meters horizontally. This slope is sufficient to overcome the microscopic resistance of the soil surface, guiding surface water to flow in a directional and slow manner under the influence of gravity and rainwater erosion, preventing waterlogging and not affecting the landscape or functional use. Furthermore, the gentle slope and slow water flow effectively reduce soil erosion and nutrient loss. If the slope is too steep, such as >0.5%, the surface runoff speed will increase, washing away the topsoil and newly sown seeds, which is detrimental to the uniform growth of plants.

[0027] In some embodiments, urea is applied and irrigated immediately after tall fescue is cut, with the amount of urea used being 5-10 kg / acre; the final cut is completed 4-6 weeks before frost.

[0028] Mowing causes tall fescue to lose a significant amount of its vegetative organs. Immediate application of nitrogen fertilizer provides ample nitrogen for tillering and new leaf growth, promoting rapid recovery of green cover and enhancing photosynthesis. Furthermore, the root system retains strong absorption capacity after mowing, and with no competition from above-ground parts, fertilization is highly efficient at this stage, with urea used at a rate of 5-10 kg / acre. Immediate irrigation at this time dissolves the urea and carries it into the root zone, while avoiding burns to residual leaf sheaths and new shoots from high-concentration fertilizer. It is important to note that the final mowing should be completed 4-6 weeks before frost. If less than 4 weeks: insufficient recovery time, inadequate energy reserves, reduced overwintering ability, and increased susceptibility to frost damage and winter dehydration (winter drying). If more than 6 weeks: stopping mowing too early may cause the grass to grow too tall, with premature aging of the top, leading to lodging in winter and the formation of a breeding ground for diseases (such as snow mold).

[0029] In some embodiments, for diseases such as rust and seedling blight of tall fescue, spray with 800-1200 times diluted fungicide once a week for three consecutive weeks; for pests such as aphids and cutworms, spray with 600-800 times diluted 2.5% cyhalothrin once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0030] Meanwhile, since diseases commonly spread in ash field soil include rust and seedling blight, this application applies to the application of comprehensive treatment agents based on the diseases that are spread. For example, the main method of pest and disease control is chemical control. For rust and seedling blight, fungicide 800-1200 times dilution is used for spraying once a week for three consecutive weeks. For aphids and noctuid moths that appear during the pasture growing season, 2.5% cyhalothrin 600-800 times dilution is used for spraying once a week for three consecutive weeks.

[0031] In some embodiments, after sowing and watering thoroughly, water once every 2-3 days to allow the forage grass to germinate and take root; then water once every 3-4 days to allow the seedlings to recover; after the seedlings have recovered, water once every 30 days; when the seedlings are 10cm-15cm tall, water once to allow tillering, and then irrigate 1-2 times according to soil moisture.

[0032] In S5, seeds can be harvested when the tall fescue spikes turn brown, or the seeds will fall off naturally after maturation, utilizing their self-propagation characteristics to form seedlings under suitable conditions. Therefore, by selecting forage varieties suitable for planting in coastal ash fields and using appropriate mulching and amendments to improve the forage growth environment, the survival rate of forage grasses can be increased. Furthermore, through the integration of scientific farming techniques and field management, forage seed germination and growth can be promoted, water-saving irrigation can be achieved, and the yield of high-quality forage grasses can be increased.

[0033] In summary, the method of planting tall fescue in the ash field of the coastal coal-fired power plant in this embodiment increases vegetation coverage and effectively reduces dust. The tall fescue also forms a considerable root system in the ash field soil, making the cover soil and ash field soil integrated, resulting in a significant water and soil conservation effect. In addition, the method of using tall fescue to control dust pollution in the ash field can green and beautify the natural environment of the ash storage field, and is easy to maintain and manage. It can effectively solve the dust problem of the ash storage field before the comprehensive utilization of fly ash. The tall fescue and other crops can also be harvested every year, achieving the purpose of greening and having significant economic benefits, forming a virtuous cycle.

[0034] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0035] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the function involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0037] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for planting tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) based on grey fields in coastal areas, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Selecting a flat ash yard region with gentle terrain, good ventilation, and sufficient water source as a planting region and setting irrigation and drainage facilities; the pH value of the ash yard is 4.7-9.0; Performing soil improvement on the planting region; comprising applying cultivation soil to cover the soil, applying a soil improvement agent, and applying compound fertilizer; The tall fescue is planted according to a seeding amount; wherein the seeding amount of the tall fescue is 30g-45g / m 2 ; the seeding depth is 1-3cm, and the uniform sowing is performed with the uniform plant row spacing; Immediately after sowing, pouring water thoroughly and pouring water multiple times at intervals to make the tall fescue germinate, seedling grow, tiller, and mature stably; performing once topdressing after the tall fescue turns green and is cut, and pouring water after topdressing; simultaneously, spraying a comprehensive disease control agent according to the spread of diseases; Forming a lawn.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The cultivation soil comprises at least one of nutrient soil, humus soil, or yellow-red soil and composted farmyard manure; the at least one of nutrient soil, humus soil, or yellow-red soil is mixed with composted farmyard manure at equal quality; the thickness of the cultivation soil is 20-25 cm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The cultivation soil further comprises an improved substrate material; the improved substrate material comprises, in terms of weight fraction, 40-50 parts of coconut husk, 30-40 parts of leaf rot soil, 20-30 parts of perlite, 10-20 parts of vermiculite, and 10-20 parts of grass charcoal.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The soil improvement agent comprises, by mass ratio, 10:3:2 of potassium-mineral-source fulvic acid, water-soluble humic acid, and fungicide.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The compound fertilizer comprises diammonium phosphate, urea and potassium sulfate mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3:5, and the fertilization amount is 400-450 g / m 2 .

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, In the setting of the irrigation and drainage facilities, the drainage slope is 0.3%-0.5% after the surface layer of the planting region is leveled.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, Immediately after the tall fescue is cut, topdressing urea and irrigation are performed, wherein the use amount of urea is 5-10 kg / mu; the last cutting is completed 4-6 weeks before frost.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, For the rust disease and seedling blight of the tall fescue, 800-1200 times liquid of the fungicide Jilinqing is sprayed for prevention and treatment, once a week for three weeks; for the insect pests of aphids and noctuidae, 600-800 times liquid of chlorofluoro cyhalothrin with a concentration of 2.5% is sprayed for prevention and treatment, once a week for three weeks.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein, After sowing and pouring water thoroughly, pouring water once every 2-3 days to make the forage grass germinate and root; pouring water once every 3-4 days to slow seedling growth; pouring water once every 30 days after slow seedling growth; pouring water once when the seedlings are 10-15 cm high to tiller; and pouring water 1-2 times according to the soil moisture content thereafter.

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