An ABS composite material, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses an ABS composite material, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of polymer technology. The ABS composite material provided by this invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33-57 parts ABS resin; 8-32 parts glass fiber; 4-12 parts glass powder; and 14-30 parts flame retardant. The melt index of the ABS resin at 220℃ / 10kg is 3-15 g / 10min; the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 450-1000℃; and the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4-12 μm. This invention uses ABS resin with a suitable melt index, combined with glass fiber and glass powder with appropriate initial melting temperature and D50 particle size, to jointly improve ablation resistance and ensure good processing performance. The resulting ABS composite material possesses excellent flame retardant properties, ablation resistance, and molding properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polymer technology, and particularly relates to an ABS composite material, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] ABS resin is a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene. It possesses excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, outstanding processability, good chemical resistance and scratch resistance, and good dimensional stability, making it cost-effective and widely used in household appliances, electronics, and other industries. However, ABS resin itself has a low oxygen index and is flammable. Unmodified ABS resin materials generally have poor ablation resistance and are easily burned through by flames. Household appliances or electronic products made from ABS may cause fires due to circuit overload, short circuits, or other reasons during use. GB 4943.1-2022, "Audio-visual, information technology and communication technology equipment—Part 1: Safety requirements," is a core mandatory standard in my country's electronic product safety field. This standard adds the S.2 needle flame test (simulating a small fault flame), which also sets higher requirements for the ablation resistance of flame-retardant materials. Modified plastics with fire-retardant and ablation-resistant properties can slow down or even stop the spread of fire when flames approach, buying more time for firefighting, reducing the harm caused by fires, and providing protection for people's lives and property.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN115960433A provides a low-loss-of-heat, flame-retardant ABS composition. The low-loss-of-heat additive in it plays a skeletal support role after repeated burning, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of melt dripping. However, it mainly evaluates the material's resistance to burning and dripping, without addressing the material's resistance to ablation, especially without studying and specifically strengthening the newly added S.2 needle flame test in GB 4943.1-2022.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN103740082A discloses a flame-retardant reinforced PC / ABS blend material with added carbon fiber, which can achieve UL94-5VA flame retardancy at a thickness of 2.0mm. However, carbon fiber is expensive, and the PC / ABS reinforced with carbon fiber has poor flowability, which is not conducive to injection molding, resulting in appearance defects such as loose fibers in the final product.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN109679271A provides a 5VA grade glass fiber reinforced flame retardant ABS material and its preparation method that has good rigidity and strength, high flowability, strong mold filling ability and low price by preparing continuous glass fiber reinforced flame retardant ABS. However, this material also does not conduct research and targeted strengthening on the newly added S.2 needle flame test in GB 4943.1-2022. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome at least one of the problems existing in the prior art, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an ABS composite material that has good processing performance, as well as good flame retardant performance and ablation resistance.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned ABS composite material.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned ABS composite material.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A first aspect of the present invention provides an ABS composite material comprising the following components in parts by weight: 33-57 parts of ABS resin; 8-32 parts glass fiber; 4-12 parts glass powder; 14-30 parts flame retardant; The melt flow index of the ABS resin at 220℃ / 10kg is 3~15g / 10min; The initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 450~1000℃; the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4~12μm.

[0010] This invention uses ABS resin with a moderate melt index to ensure suitable fluidity, good processing and molding properties, and good ablation resistance of the composite material. Furthermore, the addition of glass fiber significantly improves the ablation resistance. The use of glass powder with a suitable initial melting temperature and D50 particle size allows it to work synergistically with the glass fiber to enhance ablation resistance. By using a suitable ratio of glass powder to glass fiber, good processing performance and appearance are ensured while improving ablation resistance. The resulting ABS composite material possesses excellent flame retardancy, ablation resistance, and molding properties.

[0011] In this invention, ABS resin is used as the main material of ABS composite material, accounting for more than 30 wt% of the total mass of ABS composite material; for example, it can be any value of 30 wt%, 40 wt%, 50 wt%, 60 wt% or 69 wt% or any range between two.

[0012] In this invention, the melt flow index of ABS resin can be measured according to ISO 1133-1-2022 standard.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the melt index of the ABS resin at 220°C / 10kg can be any value or a range between any two of the following: 3g / 10min, 4g / 10min, 4.5g / 10min, 5g / 10min, 5.5g / 10min, 6g / 10min, 6.5g / 10min, 7g / 10min, 7.5g / 10min, 8g / 10min, 9g / 10min, 10g / 10min, 11g / 10min, 12g / 10min, 13g / 10min, 14g / 10min, or 15g / 10min. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the melt index of the ABS resin at 220°C / 10kg is 4~12g / 10min. In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the melt index of the ABS resin at 220°C / 10kg is 4.5~10g / 10min.

[0014] A melt flow index (MFI) that is too low in ABS resin results in poor flowability, reduced molding performance, and noticeable fiber floating in the resulting composite material. Conversely, a melt flow index that is too high reduces ablation resistance and shortens burn-through time. Therefore, controlling the MFI of ABS resin within the aforementioned range allows for the production of ABS composite materials with better molding and ablation resistance.

[0015] In this invention, the melting range of glass powder is the temperature range from the start of melting to complete melting; the initial melting temperature of glass powder refers to the temperature at which the glass powder begins to melt. The melting range and initial melting temperature of glass powder can be measured according to the QB / T 1546-2016 standard.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder can be any value or a range between any two of 450°C, 460°C, 480°C, 500°C, 550°C, 600°C, 650°C, 700°C, 750°C, 800°C, 850°C, 900°C, 950°C, or 1000°C; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 460~900°C; in some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 480~800°C.

[0017] If the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is too high, it will be difficult to disperse during processing, thus affecting the improvement of ablation resistance. If the initial melting temperature is too low, the skeletal structure cannot be maintained during ablation, which also affects the improvement of ablation resistance. Therefore, by controlling the initial melting temperature of the glass powder within the above range, ABS composite materials with better ablation resistance can be obtained.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the melting range of the glass powder is in the range of 450~1000°C; for example, it can be a range between any two of 450°C, 480°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, 800°C, 900°C or 1000°C; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the melting range of the glass powder is in the range of 480~900°C.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the D50 particle size of the glass powder can be any value or a range between 4μm, 4.3μm, 4.5μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, 11μm or 12μm; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4.3~11μm; in some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4.5~10μm.

[0020] Glass powder with a suitable D50 particle size is beneficial for improving ablation resistance and maintaining good formability.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the glass fiber accounts for 10 to 32 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; for example, it can be any value or a range between 10 wt%, 12 wt%, 15 wt%, 17 wt%, 20 wt%, 22 wt%, 25 wt%, 27 wt%, 30 wt%, 31 wt%, or 32 wt%; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the glass fiber accounts for 12 to 31 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; in some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the glass fiber accounts for 15 to 30 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

[0022] Increasing the proportion of glass fiber improves the ablation resistance of composite materials; however, excessive glass fiber can negatively impact the compatibility of the fiber within the system, leading to fiber floating and poor molding performance. Therefore, controlling the proportion of glass fiber within the aforementioned range allows for better integration with ABS resin and other components such as glass powder, resulting in ABS composite materials with both good ablation resistance and excellent molding properties.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the glass powder accounts for 4 to 13 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; for example, it can be any value or a range between 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt%, or 13 wt%; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the glass powder accounts for 4.2 to 12 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; in some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the glass powder accounts for 4.5 to 11 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

[0024] Increasing the proportion of glass powder improves the ablation resistance of composite materials, but excessive use can affect its compatibility and dispersion in the system, reducing molding performance. Therefore, controlling the proportion of glass powder within the aforementioned range allows for better compounding with ABS resin and other components such as glass fiber, resulting in ABS composite materials with good ablation resistance and excellent molding performance.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.1~1.1); for example, it can be any value or a range between any two of 1:0.1, 1:0.13, 1:0.16, 1:0.2, 1:0.25, 1:0.3, 1:0.35, 1:0.4, 1:0.5, 1:0.7, 1:0.9, 1:1, or 1:1.1; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.13~0.7); in some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.16~0.6).

[0026] Glass fiber and glass powder can work synergistically to improve the ablation resistance of composite materials, and the ratio of their amounts affects this synergistic effect as well as the material's molding properties. Therefore, controlling the mass ratio of glass fiber to glass powder within the aforementioned range can yield ABS composite materials with both good ablation resistance and excellent molding properties.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the glass fiber is 6 to 30 μm; for example, it can be any value or a range between any two of 6 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 13 μm, 15 μm, 17 μm, 20 μm, 23 μm, 25 μm, 27 μm or 30 μm.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the length of the glass fiber is 1 to 10 mm; for example, it can be any value or a range between any two of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant includes brominated flame retardants, antimony-based flame retardants, or combinations thereof; in some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant includes brominated flame retardants and antimony-based flame retardants.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the brominated flame retardant includes at least one of tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated epoxy, or brominated triazine; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the brominated flame retardant is selected from brominated triazine; in some more specific embodiments of the present invention, the brominated flame retardant is selected from tris(tribromophenoxy)triazine.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, the antimony-based flame retardant includes at least one of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide, or sodium antimonate; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the antimony-based flame retardant is selected from antimony trioxide.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material comprises 13-22 parts by weight of a brominated flame retardant and 1-8 parts by weight of an antimony flame retardant; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material comprises 15-20 parts by weight of a brominated flame retardant and 2-5 parts by weight of an antimony flame retardant.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material further includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 3 parts of additives; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material further includes the following components in parts by weight: 1 to 2 parts of additives.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the additives include antioxidants, lubricants, or combinations thereof; in some embodiments of the present invention, the additives include antioxidants and lubricants.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the antioxidant includes at least one of hindered phenolic antioxidants, hindered amine antioxidants, or phosphorus-containing antioxidants; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the antioxidant includes hindered phenolic antioxidants and phosphorus-containing antioxidants; in some more specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of hindered phenolic antioxidants to phosphorus-containing antioxidants in the antioxidant is 1:(0.5~1.5).

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hindered phenolic antioxidant includes at least one of antioxidant 1010 (pentaerythritol tetratetra[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate]), antioxidant 1076 (β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate n-octadecyl ester), or antioxidant 1098 (N,N'-bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl]hexamethylenediamine); in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the hindered phenolic antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 1010.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the hindered amine antioxidant includes at least one of light stabilizer 770 (bis-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinol sebacate), light stabilizer 744 ((2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin) benzoate), or light stabilizer GW-540 (tris(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin) phosphite).

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the phosphorus-containing antioxidant includes at least one of antioxidant 168 (tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite), antioxidant PEP-36 (bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphate), and antioxidant 608 (3,9-bis(2,4-dicumylphenoxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosspiro[5.5]undecane); in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the phosphorus-containing antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 168.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lubricant includes at least one of stearic acid lubricants, amide lubricants, or polysiloxane lubricants; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the lubricant is selected from amide lubricants.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the stearic acid lubricant includes at least one of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, or zinc stearate.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amide lubricant includes at least one of stearamide (SA), erucamide (EA), ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS) or ethylene bis-erucamide (EBA); in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the amide lubricant is selected from ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS).

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, the polysiloxane lubricant includes methyl silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil, or a combination thereof.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material comprises 0.25 to 1.5 parts of antioxidant and 0.25 to 1.5 parts of lubricant by weight; in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material comprises 0.5 to 1 part of antioxidant and 0.5 to 1 part of lubricant by weight.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the ABS composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of ABS resin; 10-30 parts glass fiber; 5-10 parts glass powder; 13-22 parts of brominated flame retardant; 1-8 parts of antimony-based flame retardant; Antioxidant 0.25~1.5 parts; Lubricant 0.25~1.5 parts.

[0045] By adjusting the amount of each component in the ABS composite material within the above range, the components can exert a better synergistic effect, resulting in an ABS composite material with better flame retardant properties, ablation resistance, and molding properties.

[0046] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the ABS composite material described in the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps: mixing the components, melt extruding, and obtaining the ABS composite material.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the melt extrusion temperature is 170~250℃; for example, it can be any value or a range between 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 240℃, or 250℃. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the melt extrusion temperature is: Zone 1 temperature 180~210℃, Zone 2 temperature 190~220℃, Zone 3 temperature 200~230℃, Zone 4 temperature 200~240℃, Zone 5 temperature 200~240℃, Zone 6 temperature 200~240℃, Zone 7 temperature 190~240℃, Zone 8 temperature 190~240℃, and Zone 9 temperature 190~240℃.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the melt extrusion speed is 150-400 rpm; for example, it can be any value or a range between 150 rpm, 200 rpm, 250 rpm, 300 rpm, 350 rpm, or 400 rpm. In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the melt extrusion speed is 200-350 rpm.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed rate of the melt extrusion is 200~500 kg / h; for example, it can be any value or a range between 200 kg / h, 250 kg / h, 300 kg / h, 350 kg / h or 400 kg / h.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the melt extrusion method is selected from twin-screw extrusion; the screw length-to-diameter ratio used in the twin-screw extrusion is (36~42):1; for example, it can be any value or a range between any two of 36:1, 37:1, 38:1, 39:1, 40:1, 41:1 or 42:1.

[0051] A third aspect of the present invention provides the application of the ABS composite material described in the first aspect of the present invention in the manufacture of household appliances or electronic and electrical products.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, the household appliance specifically includes at least one of a refrigerator, air conditioner, washing machine, microwave oven, rice cooker, or induction cooker.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the electronic and electrical product specifically includes at least one of a relay, a capacitor, a transformer, or a plug connector.

[0054] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention uses ABS resin with a moderate melt index, combined with glass fiber and glass powder with a suitable initial melting temperature and D50 particle size, to jointly improve the ablation resistance and ensure good processing performance of the material. The final ABS composite material has good flame retardant performance, ablation resistance and molding performance, and can effectively meet the requirements of GB4943.1-2022 for the ablation resistance of flame retardant materials. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The following specific embodiments further illustrate the content of the present invention in detail. It should also be understood that the following embodiments are only for further explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the principles described herein are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. The specific process parameters, etc., in the following examples are merely examples within a suitable range; that is, those skilled in the art can make selections within a suitable range based on the description herein, and are not intended to be limited to the specific data in the examples below. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, reagents, or apparatus used in the following embodiments and comparative examples can be obtained from conventional commercial sources or by existing known methods.

[0056] (1) The reagents used in the various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are described below: ABS Resin-1: Melt index of 5.5 g / 10 min at 220℃ / 10 kg, test standard of ISO1133-1-2022, model of AG10NP, manufacturer of Taiwan Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. ABS Resin-2: Melt index of 10g / 10min at 220℃ / 10kg, test standard of ISO 1133-1-2022, model of DG-MG29, manufacturer of Tianjin Dagu Chemical Co., Ltd. ABS Resin-3: Melt index of 4.5 g / 10 min at 220℃ / 10 kg, test standard of ISO1133-1-2022, model of AE8000, manufacturer of Taiwan Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd. ABS Resin-4: Melt index of 20g / 10min at 220℃ / 10kg, test standard of ISO 1133-1-2022, model of PA-757, manufacturer of Chi Mei Industrial Co., Ltd., Taiwan, China; ABS Resin-5: Melt index of 2.5 g / 10 min at 220℃ / 10 kg, test standard of ISO1133-1-2022, model of PA-747R, manufacturer of Chi Mei Industrial Co., Ltd., Taiwan, China; Glass fiber: Model ECS13-4.5-534A, typical fiber diameter 13μm, typical chopped length 4.5mm, manufacturer is China Jushi Co., Ltd.; Glass Powder-1: Melting range is 500-550℃ (initial melting temperature is 500℃), D50 particle size is 4.8μm, model is 4051, manufacturer is Jiangxi Weiwei New Materials; Glass Powder-2: Melting range is 620-670℃ (initial melting temperature is 620℃), D50 particle size is 6.5μm, model is 6511, manufacturer is Jiangxi Weiwei New Materials; Glass Powder-3: Melting range is 690-730℃ (initial melting temperature is 690℃), D50 particle size is 9.5μm, model is 4070, manufacturer is Jiangxi Weiwei New Materials; Glass Powder-4: Melting range is 1100-1200℃ (initial melting temperature is 1100℃), D50 particle size is 4.8μm, model is 1098, manufacturer is Jiangxi Weiwei New Materials; Glass Powder-5: Melting range is 370-450℃ (initial melting temperature is 370℃), D50 particle size is 3.8μm, model is 4039, manufacturer is Jiangxi Weiwei New Materials; Glass Powder-6: Melting range is 650-700℃ (initial melting temperature is 650℃), D50 particle size is 15μm, model is MC30, manufacturer is Zhengzhou Shenglait Hollow Microsphere New Material Co., Ltd. Active whisker silicon: Model 5000, particle size 1-5μm, manufactured by Shanghai Huijingya Nanomaterials Co., Ltd.

[0057] Talc powder: Model TYT-777A, 3000 mesh, manufactured by Haicheng Tianyuan Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0058] Antioxidant: A compound of commercially available hindered phenolic antioxidant 1010 and commercially available phosphite antioxidant 168 in a 1:1 mass ratio.

[0059] Lubricant: Ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS), a commercially available product.

[0060] (2) The preparation processes of the ABS composite materials in each embodiment and comparative example of the present invention are as follows: Weigh each component according to the formula, mix, melt extrude, and then process to obtain the final product. The conditions for melt blending extrusion are as follows: Zone 1 temperature 180~210℃, Zone 2 temperature 190~220℃, Zone 3 temperature 200~230℃, Zone 4 temperature 200~240℃, Zone 5 temperature 200~240℃, Zone 6 temperature 200~240℃, Zone 7 temperature 190~240℃, Zone 8 temperature 190~240℃, Zone 9 temperature 190~240℃, main extruder speed 200~350rpm; the length-to-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is (38~40):1, and the feeding speed is 300~400kg / h.

[0061] (3) The ABS composite materials provided in the various embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention were used as test samples, and their performance was determined according to the following test methods: Flame retardancy test: Refer to standard UL-94-2023; standard test piece with injection molding specifications of 125×13×3.0mm, tested using a vertical burning tester; according to the standard, the test results include V-0, V-1, V-2, and V-2 not met, etc.

[0062] Ablation resistance test method: Refer to the standard GB 4943.1-2022 S.2 needle flame test method. Use a 12mm high butane flame to continuously ablate a 1.0mm×100mm×100mm square plate (the flame extends 5mm into the square plate). Record the burn-through time T in seconds. T>60s is considered a pass.

[0063] Appearance evaluation method: The appearance of the test samples is graded according to the following standards: Best++ (flat and smooth surface, no loose fibers), Good+ (smooth surface overall, with slight and uniform glass fiber texture), Ordinary 0 (the surface has obvious textures unique to glass fiber reinforced materials or a slight "loose fiber" feel, with a clear granular feel, but not sharp), Poor- (severe "loose fiber" phenomenon, rough surface, obvious granular feel and possibly accompanied by a prickly feel), Worst-- (extremely rough surface, a large amount of glass fiber exposed, severe loose fiber and cloud-like phenomenon).

[0064] Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-13 Examples 1-10 and Comparative Examples 1-13 provide a series of ABS composite materials, the formulations of which are shown in Tables 1-3. The properties of the ABS composite materials of each example and comparative example were determined according to the test methods mentioned above, and the performance test results are also shown in Tables 1-3.

[0065] Table 1. Formulations and performance test results of Examples 1-10

[0066] Table 2. Formulations and performance test results of Comparative Examples 1-7

[0067] Table 3. Formulations and performance test results of Comparative Examples 8-13

[0068] As can be seen from Tables 1-3, the flame retardant properties of the ABS composite materials in Examples 1-10 of the present invention can all reach the V-0 level, the burn-through time measured according to GB4943.1-2022 S.2 is all above 63s, and the appearance grade is all above 0, which means they have good flame retardant properties, ablation resistance and molding properties.

[0069] The ABS resin used in Comparative Example 1 had an excessively high melt index, resulting in poor ablation resistance and a short burn-through time for the composite material. The ABS resin used in Comparative Example 2 had an excessively low melt index, resulting in poor flowability and molding performance of the composite material, and the resulting composite material exhibited obvious fiber floating phenomenon. Comparative Example 3 used glass powder with an excessively high initial melting temperature, making it difficult to disperse during processing, resulting in poor ablation resistance and a short burn-through time. Comparative Example 4 used glass powder with an excessively low initial melting temperature and small particle size, making it unable to maintain the skeletal structure during ablation, resulting in poor ablation resistance and a short burn-through time. Comparative Example 5 used glass powder with excessively large particle size, resulting in poor appearance. Comparative Example 6 replaced glass fiber with active whisker silicon, Comparative Example 7 replaced glass powder with talc, Comparative Example 8 did not add glass fiber, and Comparative Example 11 did not add glass powder. All of these resulted in a significant reduction in ablation resistance and a significant shortening of burn-through time. This indicates that using glass fiber or glass powder alone generally does not significantly improve the ablation resistance of ABS composite materials. The synergistic effect of both is an important factor in achieving high-efficiency ablation resistance in ABS composite materials. In Comparative Example 9, the excessive amount of glass fiber led to fiber floating, resulting in poor appearance and molding properties. In Comparative Example 10, the insufficient amount of glass fiber led to a decrease in ablation resistance. In Comparative Example 12, the excessive amount of glass powder affected its compatibility and dispersion in the system, which in turn affected the dispersion of glass fiber, leading to fiber floating and poor appearance and molding properties. In Comparative Example 13, the insufficient amount of glass powder also resulted in a decrease in ablation resistance. As can be seen from Comparative Examples 9-10 and 12-13, the ratio of glass fiber to glass powder has a significant impact on achieving efficient ablation resistance and good molding properties in ABS composite materials.

[0070] In summary, this invention uses ABS resin with a suitable melt index, combined with glass fiber and glass powder with appropriate initial melting temperature and D50 particle size to jointly improve ablation resistance and ensure good processing performance of the material. The resulting ABS composite material has good flame retardant properties, ablation resistance, and molding performance, and can effectively meet the requirements of GB 4943.1-2022 for the ablation resistance of flame retardant materials.

Claims

1. An ABS composite material, characterized by, The components include the following parts by weight: 33-57 parts of ABS resin; 8-32 parts glass fiber; 4-12 parts glass powder; 14-30 parts flame retardant; The melt flow index of the ABS resin at 220℃ / 10kg is 3~15g / 10min; The initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 450~1000℃; the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4~12μm.

2. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The glass fiber accounts for 10-32 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

3. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The glass powder accounts for 4 to 13 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

4. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.1~1.1).

5. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the glass fiber is 6~30μm; And / or, the length of the glass fiber is 1~10mm.

6. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The flame retardant includes bromine-based flame retardants, antimony-based flame retardants, or combinations thereof.

7. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The ABS composite material also includes the following components in parts by weight: 0.5 to 3 parts of additives.

8. The ABS composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The additives include antioxidants, lubricants, or combinations thereof.

9. A method for preparing an ABS composite material as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing the components, melting and extruding to obtain the ABS composite material.

10. The use of an ABS composite material as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 in the manufacture of household appliances or electronic and electrical products.

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