BIM-based slope scaffold erection construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on BIM's slope scaffold erection construction method, comprising: collection slope surface coordinate point, constructs slope surface three-dimensional model;Construct building three-dimensional model, according to design requirement, the slope surface three-dimensional model is combined together with building three-dimensional model, obtains the three-dimensional model after merging;Scaffold erection model is set to the three-dimensional model after merging;Extraction scaffold erection model is erected on the coordinate of slope surface, the position corresponding to erected point coordinate is lofted to slope surface;Scaffold is erected at corresponding position.The application can shorten the construction period of construction of lofting, avoid the security risk of slope construction operation, weaken the damage and influence of the construction of lofting to environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and specifically to a method for erecting scaffolding on a slope based on BIM. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the engineering industry, engineering projects of various terrains and landforms have emerged, among which there are more and more projects developed on slopes. In such projects, it is unavoidable to erect scaffolding during the slope construction stage to meet the construction needs of the superstructure.

[0003] In the construction of scaffolding on slopes, the existing construction method is as follows: after the slope surface is cleared, excavators and other machinery are used to excavate, level and compact the slope surface into multiple steps. If necessary, in order to ensure the integrity of the steps, it is also necessary to build or formwork and pour concrete to realize the sides of the steps. After each step is leveled and hardened, timber or steel plates are laid on the plane of each step, and then scaffolding uprights are erected on them. The scaffolding system is formed by connecting horizontal bars, diagonal bars and other members.

[0004] However, this traditional construction method has many drawbacks, such as low construction efficiency, requiring a lot of manpower and resources for slope excavation, leveling and hardening; construction accuracy is difficult to guarantee, and improper operation during the excavation process can easily lead to uneven slopes, affecting the stability and safety of scaffolding; moreover, it causes great environmental damage, as excavation and hardening will destroy the original vegetation and soil structure of the slope, causing environmental problems such as soil erosion.

[0005] Therefore, to solve the above problems, a BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes is needed, which can shorten the construction period of step-layout construction, avoid safety hazards in slope construction operations, and reduce the damage and impact of step-layout construction on the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes, which can shorten the construction period of stepped construction, avoid safety hazards in slope construction operations, and reduce the damage and impact of stepped construction on the environment.

[0007] The BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0008] Collect coordinate points of the slope surface and construct a three-dimensional model of the slope surface;

[0009] Construct a 3D model of the building, and then combine the 3D model of the slope surface with the 3D model of the building according to the design requirements to obtain the merged 3D model.

[0010] Set the scaffolding erection model into the merged 3D model;

[0011] Extract the coordinates of the scaffolding erection model on the slope, and lay out the positions corresponding to the scaffolding coordinates onto the slope.

[0012] Erect scaffolding at the corresponding locations.

[0013] Furthermore, a three-dimensional model of the slope surface is constructed, specifically including:

[0014] The lidar mounted on the drone was used to conduct a large-scale, low-point-cloud-density preliminary scan of the target slope area to obtain the overall topography, vegetation cover and obstacle distribution of the slope.

[0015] Identify and mark abrupt topographic changes, potentially unstable areas, and areas obscured by vegetation;

[0016] In unobstructed areas, GPS receivers are used to collect high-precision geodetic coordinates; in areas with dense vegetation or poor satellite signals, ultra-high-precision total stations with prism tracking capabilities are used for supplementary measurements; for key geological hazard points, terrestrial 3D laser scanners are used to collect dense point cloud data with millimeter-level precision.

[0017] When collecting data at each coordinate point, the surface geological information of that point is recorded and associated simultaneously as an extended attribute of the point.

[0018] Import the multi-precision point cloud data, total station coordinates, GPS coordinates, and geological attribute labels obtained above into Civil 3D;

[0019] In Civil 3D, a triangular mesh is generated. When crossing boundaries with different geological properties, these geological boundaries are used as the edges of the triangular mesh to ultimately form a 3D model of the slope surface.

[0020] Furthermore, according to the design requirements, the 3D model of the slope surface is combined with the 3D model of the building, specifically including:

[0021] Select a key benchmark point on the slope, and use this benchmark point as the origin of the coordinate system. The X-axis direction is consistent with the slope direction, the Z-axis direction is parallel to the gravity direction, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to the plane containing the X-axis and Z-axis to form a construction coordinate system.

[0022] Align the coordinate system of the 3D model of the slope surface with the construction coordinate system; determine the building control points for the 3D model of the building.

[0023] Construct a stitching rule engine; the stitching rule engine includes the requirement that building control points must be located at a vertical height above the slope model surface + At a distance of meters, the long side axis of the building must maintain the minimum angle with the contour lines of the slope. The slope and the outer contour of the building foundation must be at least 100 degrees away from any slope. The steepness of the boundary is at least rice;

[0024] According to the stitching rule engine, the 3D model of the building is moved and rotated in the construction coordinate system until all the rule conditions of the stitching rule engine are satisfied at the same time.

[0025] Furthermore, the core force transmission point that interacts with the slope, as determined by structural mechanics analysis, will be used as the building control point.

[0026] Furthermore, the scaffolding erection model is set into the merged 3D model, specifically including:

[0027] Perform mechanical calculations on the scaffold structure itself to determine the internal forces of the members and the reactions at the nodes;

[0028] The bottom reaction force of the scaffold uprights is used as a load and applied to the slope geological surface in the merged three-dimensional model, while simultaneously considering the overall stiffness of the scaffold and the uneven support of the foundation.

[0029] Set optimization objectives; the optimization objectives include maximizing the overall safety factor of the scaffolding, ensuring that the stress of all members and the bearing capacity of the foundation meet the specifications and have reasonable margins, minimizing the total amount of steel used in the scaffolding, and ensuring that the uprights avoid areas with poor geological conditions and construction obstacles as much as possible;

[0030] Based on the optimization objectives, the system automatically densifies the number of uprights in areas with high stress and widens the spacing in areas with low stress; it also configures the density and orientation of horizontal step distance and scissor bracing; and adjusts the anchor points of the uprights.

[0031] Furthermore, the coordinates of the scaffolding erection model's erection points on the slope surface are extracted, specifically including:

[0032] Obtain the initial erection point; the initial erection point includes the main load-bearing uprights, the bottom support of the diagonal braces, and the pre-embedded points of the wall ties;

[0033] Obtain and correlate the bottom reaction force obtained from the stress analysis of the initial erection point with the slope geological properties at the location of the initial erection point;

[0034] An initial erection point that meets the target conditions is designated as the target erection point; the target conditions include that there is sufficient space around the initial erection point for personnel and equipment to operate, that no foundation treatment is required at the initial erection point, and that the initial erection point is not located at the top or edge of a slope.

[0035] The theoretical projection point of the target erection point is compared with the current construction surface model generated by the most recent ground scan. If the elevation deviation between the theoretical model and the current surface model of the target erection point exceeds the preset tolerance, the coordinates of the target erection point are adjusted to the current surface.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention discloses a BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes. Based on BIM technology, it constructs a precise three-dimensional model of the slope and building through accurate measurement and intelligent assembly. Scaffolding design, stress analysis, and upright point optimization are performed within the model to generate an optimal erection scheme, enabling rapid, in-situ scaffolding erection. This invention effectively avoids large-scale earthwork excavation and hardening, significantly shortens the construction period, reduces construction costs and safety risks, and minimizes damage to the original vegetation and soil of the slope, exhibiting outstanding advantages of high efficiency, precision, and environmental friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process for erecting scaffolding on a slope according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in the figures:

[0040] This embodiment discloses a BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes, including the following steps:

[0041] S1. Collect coordinate points of the slope surface and construct a three-dimensional model of the slope surface;

[0042] S2. Construct a 3D model of the building, and combine the 3D model of the slope surface with the 3D model of the building according to the design requirements to obtain the merged 3D model;

[0043] S3. Set the scaffolding erection model into the merged 3D model;

[0044] S4. Extract the coordinates of the scaffolding erection model on the slope, and lay out the positions corresponding to the scaffolding coordinates onto the slope.

[0045] S5. Erect scaffolding at the corresponding location.

[0046] In this embodiment, step S1, constructing a three-dimensional model of the slope surface, specifically includes:

[0047] The lidar mounted on the drone was used to conduct a large-scale, low-point-cloud-density preliminary scan of the target slope area to obtain the overall topography, vegetation cover and obstacle distribution of the slope.

[0048] The system identifies and marks abrupt topographic changes, potentially unstable areas, and areas obscured by vegetation. Specifically, it generates a high-precision digital elevation model based on ground point clouds, calculates the rate of change of slope and aspect, sets a slope threshold, and automatically identifies areas with abrupt slope changes, such as steep slopes, cliffs, and gullies, marking them as abrupt topographic changes. Furthermore, by combining topographic features with a geomechanical model for preliminary assessment, it automatically identifies convex slopes, areas with eroded toes, or areas where the local slope far exceeds the natural angle of repose of the soil. These areas have a higher risk of instability and can be marked as potentially unstable areas.

[0049] In areas with no obstructions, use a GPS receiver to collect high-precision geodetic coordinates; in areas with dense vegetation or poor satellite signal, switch to an ultra-high-precision total station with prism tracking function for supplementary measurements; for key geological hazard points, such as the rock-soil interface and cracks, use a ground-based 3D laser scanner to collect dense point cloud data with millimeter-level precision.

[0050] When collecting data at each coordinate point, the surface geological information of that point is recorded and associated simultaneously, such as the soil firmness measured by a portable penetrometer and the rock or soil type determined manually, as extended attributes of the point.

[0051] Import the multi-precision point cloud data, total station coordinates, GPS coordinates, and geological attribute labels obtained above into Civil 3D;

[0052] In Civil 3D, a triangular mesh is generated. When crossing boundaries with different geological properties, these geological boundaries are used as the edges of the triangular mesh to ultimately form a 3D model of the slope surface.

[0053] In this embodiment, in step S2, a three-dimensional model of the building is constructed using Revit, a software component in the BIM technology suite.

[0054] According to the design requirements, the 3D model of the slope surface and the 3D model of the building are combined together, specifically including:

[0055] A key benchmark point is selected on the slope, and this benchmark point is used as the origin of the coordinate system. The X-axis direction is consistent with the slope direction, the Z-axis direction is parallel to the gravity direction, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to the plane containing the X-axis and Z-axis, forming a construction coordinate system. The key benchmark point is the most stable rock mass control point confirmed by geological exploration, or the center point of the permanent engineering pile.

[0056] Aligning the coordinate system of the 3D model of the slope with the construction coordinate system ensures that the position and orientation of the 3D model of the slope in space completely correspond to the actual situation; for the 3D model of the building, the building control points are determined; among them, the core force transmission points that interact with the slope and are determined according to the structural mechanics analysis are used as the building control points.

[0057] Construct a splicing rule engine; the splicing rule engine includes the following: the building control point must be located at a vertical height of +0.500 meters above the slope model surface; the building's long side axis must maintain a minimum angle of 15 degrees with the slope contour line; and the outer contour line of the building foundation must be at least 2.0 meters away from the boundary of any steep slope greater than 45 degrees.

[0058] According to the stitching rule engine, the 3D model of the building is moved and rotated in the construction coordinate system until all the rule conditions of the stitching rule engine are satisfied at the same time.

[0059] In this embodiment, step S3, setting the scaffolding erection model into the merged 3D model, specifically includes:

[0060] Perform mechanical calculations on the scaffold structure itself to determine the internal forces of the members and the reactions at the nodes;

[0061] The bottom reaction force of the scaffold uprights is used as a load and applied to the sloping geological surface in the merged 3D model, while simultaneously considering the overall stiffness of the scaffold and the uneven support of the foundation; for example, one upright rests on hard rock while the adjacent upright rests on soft soil, and the adverse effects of this differential support on the overall stability of the scaffold are simulated.

[0062] Set optimization objectives; the optimization objectives include maximizing the overall safety factor of the scaffolding, ensuring that the stress of all members and the bearing capacity of the foundation meet the specifications and have reasonable margins, minimizing the total amount of steel used in the scaffolding, and ensuring that the uprights avoid areas with poor geological conditions and construction obstacles as much as possible;

[0063] Based on the optimization objectives, in areas with high stress, such as those close to the main building structure, the poles are automatically densified, while in areas with low stress, the spacing is widened. Based on the calculated lateral displacement, the horizontal step distance and the density and orientation of the scissor bracing are optimized. Poles that fall on soft foundations are placed on the nearest solid geological point or a pre-set foundation treatment platform, thereby adjusting the pole landing point.

[0064] In this embodiment, step S4, extracting the coordinates of the scaffolding erection model's erection points on the slope surface, specifically includes:

[0065] Obtain the initial erection point; the initial erection point includes the main load-bearing uprights, the bottom support of the diagonal braces, and the pre-embedded points of the wall ties;

[0066] The bottom reaction force obtained from the stress analysis of the initial erection point and the slope geological properties of the location of the initial erection point are obtained and associated. Through this process, each initial erection point becomes an information element, which includes location, stress and foundation conditions.

[0067] An initial erection point that meets the target conditions is designated as the target erection point. The target conditions include that there is sufficient space around the initial erection point for personnel and equipment to operate, that no foundation treatment is required at the initial erection point, and that the initial erection point is not located at the top or edge of a slope. For example, points that are too close to a steep slope, fall in loose soil with large reaction forces, or are located in high-risk locations such as the top or edge of a slope do not meet the target conditions.

[0068] The theoretical projection point of the target erection point is compared with the current construction surface model generated by the most recent ground scan. If the elevation Z value deviation between the theoretical model of the target erection point and the current surface model is found to exceed 20mm, the coordinates of the target erection point are adjusted to the current surface.

[0069] Through the above processing, it is ensured that the layout effect of laying out the position corresponding to the erection point coordinates on the slope surface is completely consistent with the actual situation.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes, characterized in that: The steps include the following: Collect coordinate points of the slope surface and construct a three-dimensional model of the slope surface; Construct a 3D model of the building, and then combine the 3D model of the slope surface with the 3D model of the building according to the design requirements to obtain the merged 3D model. The scaffolding erection model is set into the merged 3D model, specifically including: Perform mechanical calculations on the scaffold structure itself to determine the internal forces of the members and the reactions at the nodes; The bottom reaction force of the scaffold uprights is used as a load and applied to the slope geological surface in the merged three-dimensional model, while simultaneously considering the overall stiffness of the scaffold and the uneven support of the foundation. Set optimization objectives; the optimization objectives include maximizing the overall safety factor of the scaffolding, ensuring that the stress of all members and the bearing capacity of the foundation meet the specifications and have reasonable margins, minimizing the total amount of steel used in the scaffolding, and ensuring that the uprights avoid areas with poor geological conditions and construction obstacles as much as possible; Based on the optimization objectives, the system automatically densifies the number of uprights in areas of high stress and widens the spacing in areas of low stress; it also configures the density and orientation of horizontal step distances and scissor bracing; and adjusts the anchor points of the uprights. Extract the coordinates of the scaffolding erection model on the slope, and lay out the positions corresponding to the scaffolding coordinates onto the slope. Erect scaffolding at the corresponding locations.

2. The BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Constructing a 3D model of the slope surface specifically includes: The lidar mounted on the drone was used to conduct a large-scale, low-point-cloud-density preliminary scan of the target slope area to obtain the overall topography, vegetation cover and obstacle distribution of the slope. Identify and mark abrupt topographic changes, potentially unstable areas, and areas obscured by vegetation; In unobstructed areas, GPS receivers are used to collect high-precision geodetic coordinates; in areas with dense vegetation or poor satellite signals, ultra-high-precision total stations with prism tracking capabilities are used for supplementary measurements; for key geological hazard points, terrestrial 3D laser scanners are used to collect dense point cloud data with millimeter-level precision. When collecting data at each coordinate point, the surface geological information of that point is recorded and associated simultaneously as an extended attribute of the point. Import the multi-precision point cloud data, total station coordinates, GPS coordinates, and geological attribute labels obtained above into Civil 3D; In Civil 3D, a triangular mesh is generated. When crossing boundaries with different geological properties, these geological boundaries are used as the edges of the triangular mesh to ultimately form a 3D model of the slope surface.

3. The BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the design requirements, the 3D model of the slope surface and the 3D model of the building are combined together, specifically including: Select a key benchmark point on the slope, and use this benchmark point as the origin of the coordinate system. The X-axis direction is consistent with the slope direction, the Z-axis direction is parallel to the gravity direction, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to the plane containing the X-axis and Z-axis to form a construction coordinate system. Align the coordinate system of the 3D model of the slope surface with the construction coordinate system; determine the building control points for the 3D model of the building. Construct a stitching rule engine; the stitching rule engine includes the requirement that building control points must be located at a vertical height above the slope model surface + At a distance of meters, the long side axis of the building must maintain the minimum angle with the contour lines of the slope. The slope and the outer contour of the building foundation must be at least 100 degrees away from any slope. The steepness of the boundary is at least rice; According to the stitching rule engine, the 3D model of the building is moved and rotated in the construction coordinate system until all the rule conditions of the stitching rule engine are satisfied at the same time.

4. The BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The core force transmission point that interacts with the slope, as determined by structural mechanics analysis, will be used as the building control point.

5. The BIM-based method for erecting scaffolding on slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: Extract the coordinates of the scaffolding erection model's erection points on the slope, specifically including: Obtain the initial erection point; the initial erection point includes the main load-bearing uprights, the bottom support of the diagonal braces, and the pre-embedded points of the wall ties; Obtain and correlate the bottom reaction force obtained from the stress analysis of the initial erection point with the slope geological properties at the location of the initial erection point; An initial erection point that meets the target conditions is designated as the target erection point; the target conditions include that there is sufficient space around the initial erection point for personnel and equipment to operate, that no foundation treatment is required at the initial erection point, and that the initial erection point is not located at the top or edge of a slope. The theoretical projection point of the target erection point is compared with the current construction surface model generated by the most recent ground scan. If the elevation deviation between the theoretical model and the current surface model of the target erection point exceeds the preset tolerance, the coordinates of the target erection point are adjusted to the current surface.

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