A method and system for handling faults of a range-extender commercial vehicle based on multi-level hierarchical and security degradation control

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on multistage grading and safe degradation control's extended-range commercial vehicle whole vehicle fault processing method and system, it is related to new energy automobile control and whole vehicle fault diagnosis technical field, including according to fault evaluation model, fault code information is graded, while obtaining the system priority identifier of fault source controller unit belongs to, determine degradation control strategy type by the fault processing priority matrix constructed, and match corresponding limit parameter, to extended-range power system executes grading control;Fault level and degradation control state information are sent to instrument display, while monitoring fault source controller unit state change and dynamically updating fault evaluation model.The application realizes the safe and stable operation of extended-range commercial vehicle under complex fault environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle control and vehicle fault diagnosis technology, and in particular to a method and system for handling vehicle faults in range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs) are gradually becoming an important path for the electrification transformation of commercial vehicles due to their dual advantages of electric drive and engine-assisted power generation. Compared with traditional pure electric vehicles, REEVs can rely on range extenders to provide additional energy when the battery is low, thereby effectively alleviating range anxiety and improving adaptability in long-distance transportation scenarios. However, under complex operating conditions, the vehicle is operated collaboratively by multiple control systems. The high-voltage power system, high-voltage accessory system, and range-extending control system may all experience failures of varying degrees, directly affecting vehicle safety and operating efficiency. Existing fault handling methods are mostly based on a single mapping relationship, i.e., "a certain fault corresponds to a certain strategy," lacking a comprehensive consideration of fault level, vehicle operating conditions, and control system priorities, often resulting in overly conservative or insufficient handling measures. For example, excessive restrictions when a minor fault occurs may affect transportation efficiency, while failure to respond quickly to a serious fault may endanger driving safety. Therefore, how to achieve multi-level graded handling and safety degradation control has become a key challenge in the fault management of REEVs.

[0003] CN116714571A discloses a method, apparatus, device, and medium for fault handling in range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs). This method, when a controller malfunction is detected, parses fault codes and determines corresponding handling strategies based on the fault priorities of the range extender controller or other controllers, improving handling capabilities under single or concurrent faults. However, this method primarily relies on static decision-making regarding the fault priorities of the range extender controller and other controllers, lacking a linkage adjustment mechanism for multi-dimensional control parameters such as power output and vehicle speed limits. This makes it difficult to achieve hierarchical and differentiated dynamic control in different scenarios.

[0004] CN120245938A presents an energy management method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on fuzzy control. It proposes a method to optimize auxiliary unit power allocation using a fuzzy controller under different operating modes, which can balance the high power demand of the range extender with the charging needs when the battery is low, demonstrating some effectiveness in energy management. However, this method focuses on energy optimization allocation and does not address systemic fault handling strategies, making it unable to achieve safety degradation control in scenarios with concurrent faults in multiple systems.

[0005] In summary, existing fault handling methods for range-extended commercial vehicles have shortcomings in terms of the refinement of fault level classification, the differentiation of control strategies, and information transparency. Firstly, the lack of a systematic multi-level hierarchical model prevents tiered responses to faults of varying severity. Secondly, existing strategies rely too heavily on single-dimensional priority judgments, failing to comprehensively model the importance of the control system in conjunction with fault levels. Thirdly, the lack of coordinated control of power limiting parameters and vehicle speed limiting parameters can easily lead to unnecessary performance losses under minor faults or insufficient response under severe faults, affecting driving safety. Therefore, this invention proposes a fault handling method and system for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control. By establishing a fault assessment model and combining it with controller system priorities, a fault handling priority matrix is ​​constructed, which then matches corresponding degradation control strategies and limiting parameters to achieve dynamic hierarchical control and safety degradation processing of the entire vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the specification abstract and the title of the invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract, and the title of the invention. Such simplifications or omissions shall not be used to limit the scope of the invention.

[0007] In view of the common problems in the fault handling process of existing range-extended commercial vehicles, such as coarse fault classification, static and single handling strategies, and insufficient dynamic adaptability, this invention is proposed.

[0008] Therefore, the problem to be solved by this invention is how to achieve refined classification and differentiated handling of vehicle faults in range-extended commercial vehicles through a multi-level hierarchical model and a safety degradation control mechanism, so as to ensure driving safety while taking into account the overall vehicle operating efficiency.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for handling vehicle faults in a range-extended commercial vehicle based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, comprising, The fault code information is classified into levels according to the fault assessment model, and the system priority identifier to which the fault source controller unit belongs is obtained. Based on the fault level and the system priority identifier, the degradation control strategy type is determined by constructing a fault handling priority matrix, and corresponding limiting parameters are matched, wherein the limiting parameters include power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters ; Based on the degradation control strategy type and the limiting parameters, hierarchical control is performed on the range-extended power system; The fault level and degradation control status information are sent to the instrument display, while the status changes of the fault source controller unit are monitored and the fault assessment model is dynamically updated.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control described in this invention, the method includes: performing hierarchical control on the range-extended power system, including: Based on the positional relationship of each matrix element in the fault handling priority matrix, the degradation control strategy types are prioritized. When the degradation control strategy type is the emergency cut-off strategy type and the system priority identifier is the first system priority identifier or the second system priority identifier, a drive-end torque zeroing command is sent to the motor controller MCU. When the downgrade control strategy type is the emergency cutoff strategy type and the system priority identifier is the third system priority identifier, then the dual cutoff control operation is executed; When the downgraded control strategy type is the power limiting strategy type, the corresponding power limiting parameter is selected according to the system priority identifier for differentiated control, and the corresponding vehicle speed limiting control is executed synchronously. When the fault source controller unit identifier corresponds to the range extender control system and the degradation control strategy type is the power limiting strategy type, then while executing drive-side power limiting and vehicle speed limiting, it sends a generator power limiting parameter-based message to the range extender controller EMU. The generator maximum output power limit command; After issuing various control commands, the system continuously monitors the execution status feedback information of the motor controller MCU, gearbox controller TCU, and range extender controller EMU via the CAN bus. Based on the monitored control execution status feedback information, the degradation control strategy type is dynamically adjusted.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control described in this invention, wherein: the degradation control strategy type is determined by a fault handling priority matrix, including: Based on the combination relationship between fault level and system priority identifier, the corresponding degradation control strategy type is determined in the fault handling priority matrix, including the emergency cut-off strategy type, power limiting strategy type, vehicle speed limiting strategy type, and warning prompt strategy type. Based on the aforementioned degradation control strategy type, differentiated combinations of restriction parameters are configured for different system priority identifiers; Power limiting parameters are based on fault level and system priority identifiers. and vehicle speed limit parameters Configure the gradient; Logical verification is performed on the degradation control strategy type and the corresponding combination of limiting parameters to ensure that the power limiting parameters are accurate. and the speed limit parameters The numerical settings meet the requirements for safe vehicle operation.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the fault handling method for extended-range commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control described in this invention, a fault handling priority matrix is ​​constructed based on a comprehensive fault information dataset, with the first fault level to the third fault level as the row dimension and the first system priority identifier to the third system priority identifier as the column dimension.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control described in this invention, the method for obtaining the comprehensive fault information dataset is as follows: The vehicle control unit (VCU) receives fault code information sent by each controller unit via the CAN bus, performs protocol parsing on the fault code information, and extracts the fault description information corresponding to the fault code identifier. Historical fault data is input into the fault assessment model for evaluation and processing, and a comprehensive fault score is output. The comprehensive fault score is then compared with a preset fault threshold to determine the fault level corresponding to the fault description information. Based on the fault level judgment result, the system type to which the fault source controller unit belongs is determined by querying the preset controller unit system affiliation mapping table according to the fault source controller unit identifier, and the corresponding system priority identifier is generated. The fault description information, the fault level, the fault source controller unit identifier, and the system priority identifier are associated and stored to form a comprehensive fault information dataset.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control described in this invention, the specific formula for the comprehensive fault score is as follows: ; in, This is the overall fault score. The monitoring time window length is given by n, where n is the total number of faulty nodes. Let i be the attention weight of the faulty node. Let i be the graph embedding vector of the faulty node i. The exponential decay coefficient is... For the system priority identification matrix, Let i be the propagation path influence vector of the fault node i. The Gamma normalization function, To adjust the parameters, This is an information filtering function based on Mahalanobis distance. This is a vector representing the severity of the fault. As the reference vector, Let be the spectral norm of the fault influence factor matrix. Let t be the noise variance, and t be the integral variable; When the overall fault score is greater than the first fault threshold, the fault code information is classified as the first fault level; when the overall fault score is between the second fault threshold and the first fault threshold, the fault code information is classified as the second fault level; when the overall fault score is lower than the second fault threshold, the fault code information is classified as the third fault level.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control described in this invention, wherein: the method for establishing the fault assessment model, Construct a fault domain knowledge ontology that includes the vehicle control unit (VCU), high-voltage accessory system, high-voltage power system, and range extender control system; By parsing the CAN bus protocol, a knowledge base mapping fault code identifiers to fault description information is established. Based on the fault domain knowledge ontology and the mapping knowledge base, the association between faults is identified through a knowledge extraction algorithm, and a multi-level fault association knowledge graph is constructed with fault description information as nodes and fault propagation paths as edges. A graph embedding method is used to map the fault nodes in the multi-level fault association knowledge graph into low-dimensional vector representations. The importance weight of fault description information in the graph is calculated through an attention mechanism. Combined with the fault severity attribute and the system impact attribute, a fault assessment model is formed.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a fault handling system for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, comprising: The fault diagnosis and level assessment module is used to classify fault code information into levels according to the fault assessment model, and at the same time obtain the system priority identifier to which the fault source controller unit belongs. The degradation strategy decision module, based on the fault level and the system priority identifier, determines the degradation control strategy type through a constructed fault handling priority matrix and matches corresponding limiting parameters, including power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters ; The hierarchical control execution module performs hierarchical control on the range-extended power system based on the degradation control strategy type and the limiting parameters. The status monitoring and human-machine interaction module is used to send fault level and degradation control status information to the instrument display, while monitoring the status changes of the fault source controller unit and dynamically updating the fault assessment model.

[0017] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement any step of the above-described method for handling faults in extended-range commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control.

[0018] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any step of the above-described method for handling faults in extended-range commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By constructing a fault assessment model to classify fault code information and obtain system priority identifiers, intelligent hierarchical management of fault information and identification of system importance are realized. The severity and propagation impact of faults can be accurately quantified. At the same time, combined with multi-level fault association knowledge graph technology, the correlation between faults and propagation paths can be effectively identified, thus providing scientific and accurate basic data for the subsequent formulation of differentiated control strategies, significantly improving the accuracy and systematicness of fault identification. By determining the degradation control strategy type and matching the limiting parameters through the fault handling priority matrix, the standardization and parameterization configuration of fault handling decisions are realized. The matrix is ​​designed as a two-dimensional structure with fault level as the row dimension and system priority identifier as the column dimension. It can automatically match four strategy types, namely emergency cut-off, power limitation, vehicle speed limitation and warning prompt, according to the combination relationship between different fault levels and system priorities. It also sets the power limitation parameters and vehicle speed limitation parameters in a gradient manner, which ensures the pertinence and accuracy of the control strategy and avoids the one-size-fits-all coarse processing method in traditional solutions. By implementing hierarchical control of the range-extended powertrain, a refined fault response mechanism with multi-controller collaboration is achieved. This step adopts differentiated control strategies based on the different characteristics of the fault source: for emergency cut-off situations of the first and second system priorities, a torque zeroing command is directly sent to the MCU; for the third system priority, a more stringent dual cut-off control is implemented; and for faults in the range-extended control system, a generator power limiting command is added to the EMU. This hierarchical control architecture not only ensures rapid response of key safety functions but also achieves precise response to different fault scenarios, effectively improving the safety and controllability of the vehicle under fault conditions. By displaying fault information and updating the dynamic model, closed-loop management and adaptive optimization of fault handling are achieved. This process not only provides the driver with intuitive status information by feeding back the fault level and degraded control status to the instrument display system in real time, but also continuously monitors the execution status feedback of each controller through the CAN bus and dynamically adjusts the degraded control strategy based on the monitoring results. At the same time, the fault assessment model is updated. This continuous learning and adaptive mechanism enables the system to continuously optimize the fault handling effect according to the actual operating conditions, improve the system's intelligence level and long-term reliability, and achieve safe and stable operation of range-extended commercial vehicles in complex fault environments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein: Figure 1 This is an overall flowchart of a fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the vehicle controller (VCU) of a range-extended commercial vehicle fault handling system based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a fault handling system for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] As mentioned in the background section, existing fault handling methods for range-extended commercial vehicles have shortcomings in terms of the refinement of fault level classification, the differentiation of control strategies, and information transparency. Firstly, the lack of a systematic multi-level hierarchical model makes it impossible to respond hierarchically to faults of varying severity. Secondly, existing strategies rely too heavily on single-dimensional priority judgments, failing to comprehensively model the importance of the control system and the fault level. Thirdly, the lack of coordinated control of power limiting parameters and vehicle speed limiting parameters can easily lead to unnecessary performance losses under minor faults or insufficient response under severe faults, affecting driving safety. To address these problems, this invention provides a fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control.

[0027] Reference Figures 1-3 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for handling vehicle faults in a range-extended commercial vehicle based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a method for handling vehicle faults in a range-extended commercial vehicle based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control includes: S1: Classify the fault code information according to the fault assessment model, and obtain the system priority identifier to which the fault source controller unit belongs; S2: Based on the fault level and system priority identifier, the degradation control strategy type is determined through the constructed fault handling priority matrix, and corresponding limiting parameters are matched, including power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters ; S3: Based on the degradation control strategy type and limiting parameters, perform hierarchical control on the range-extended power system; S4: Send the fault level and degraded control status information to the instrument display, while monitoring the status changes of the fault source controller unit and dynamically updating the fault assessment model.

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, step S1 includes: S1.1: The vehicle control unit (VCU) receives fault code information sent by each controller unit via the CAN bus, performs protocol parsing on the fault code information, and extracts the fault description information corresponding to the fault code identifier. It should be noted that a correspondence between fault code identifiers and fault description information is established. The fault code information includes the fault code identifier, the fault occurrence timestamp, and the fault source controller unit identifier.

[0029] S1.2: Input historical fault data into the fault assessment model for evaluation and processing, output a comprehensive fault score, and compare the comprehensive fault score with a preset fault threshold to determine the fault level corresponding to the fault description information; In an optional implementation, the fault assessment model is established by constructing a fault domain knowledge ontology including the vehicle control unit (VCU), high-voltage accessory system, high-voltage power system, and range extender control system; establishing a mapping knowledge base between fault code identifiers and fault description information through CAN bus protocol parsing rules; based on the fault domain knowledge ontology and the mapping knowledge base, identifying the correlation between faults through a knowledge extraction algorithm, and constructing a multi-level fault association knowledge graph with fault description information as nodes and fault propagation paths as edges; using a graph embedding method to map fault nodes in the multi-level fault association knowledge graph into low-dimensional vector representations, calculating the importance weight of fault description information in the graph through an attention mechanism, and combining the fault severity attribute and system impact attribute to form a fault assessment model.

[0030] Specifically, the formula for the comprehensive fault score is as follows: ; in, This is the overall fault score. The monitoring time window length is given by n, where n is the total number of faulty nodes. Let i be the attention weight of the faulty node. Let i be the graph embedding vector of the faulty node i. The exponential decay coefficient is... For the system priority identifier matrix, Let i be the propagation path influence vector of the fault node i. The Gamma normalization function, To adjust the parameters, This is an information filtering function based on Mahalanobis distance. This is a vector representing the severity of the fault. As the reference vector, Let be the spectral norm of the fault influence factor matrix. Let t be the noise variance and t be the integral variable.

[0031] It should be noted that the range of the comprehensive fault score formula is [missing information]. The meaning of the value range: when When the value is zero, it indicates that there is no fault or the impact of the fault is negligible; the larger the value, the higher the overall severity of the fault.

[0032] Preferably, the fault domain knowledge ontology defines the hierarchical and causal relationships between fault type entities, fault component entities, and fault phenomenon entities, and sets fault severity attributes and system impact attributes for each entity; the mapping knowledge base includes the hexadecimal encoding of fault codes, the corresponding fault description text, the identifier of the fault-occurring component, and the fault type classification, forming a structured set of fault information entities; the multi-level fault association knowledge graph includes fault impact weights and propagation delay information.

[0033] It should be noted that the fault assessment model includes a safety hazard dimension, a performance impact dimension, and a functional impact dimension. The safety hazard dimension is used to assess the degree of threat that the fault poses to the occupants and driving safety. The performance impact dimension is used to assess the degree of impact of the fault on the output performance of the vehicle's battery or motor. The functional impact dimension is used to assess the degree of impact of the fault on the normal driving function of the entire vehicle and the fault's self-recovery capability.

[0034] Furthermore, when the comprehensive fault score is greater than the first fault threshold, the fault code information is classified into the first fault level; when the comprehensive fault score is between the second fault threshold and the first fault threshold, the fault code information is classified into the second fault level; when the comprehensive fault score is lower than the second fault threshold, the fault code information is classified into the third fault level. The first fault level is the most serious fault, the second fault level is a relatively serious fault, and the third fault level is the least serious fault. The priority order for fault level response and processing is the first fault level > the second fault level > the third fault level.

[0035] In an optional implementation, the preset fault threshold is determined based on a dynamic quantification model driven by multi-dimensional historical fault data. The dynamic quantification model uses machine learning algorithms to perform regression and cluster analysis on a historical fault case library, thereby outputting a threshold range with statistical significance and engineering applicability. The first fault threshold is determined based on system safety boundary conditions and fault propagation critical points. Its core is to calculate the lower limit of the comprehensive fault score by analyzing fault cases in historical data that lead to immediate speed limits, shutdowns, or loss of critical functions of the vehicle. The second fault threshold is determined based on performance degradation inflection points and maintenance economy. This threshold is obtained by clustering fault cases in historical data that lead to a significant decline in vehicle performance (such as reduced power output and increased energy consumption) but have not yet triggered safety protection. When determining the threshold, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to identify the dense boundary region between normal performance and severe performance degradation of the comprehensive fault score. At the same time, it is weighted and corrected by factors such as maintenance costs and component lifespan to achieve the optimal balance between performance and cost. The third fault threshold is determined based on the potential fault development rate and noise signal baseline. This threshold is set by monitoring early fault signals in historical data that do not immediately affect performance but have potential development risks (such as intermittent communication failures or slight sensor drift). Time series analysis is applied to determine this threshold, calculating the trend slope of the overall fault score and the upper bound (e.g., the 95th percentile) of the statistical confidence interval for background noise (such as normal system fluctuations or false alarms), thereby effectively separating persistent weak signals from random noise.

[0036] For example, when the Battery Management System (BMS) detects an excessively high battery cell voltage, it sends a fault code (e.g., 0x101) to the Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) via the CAN bus. After parsing the fault code, the VCU, based on the fault assessment model, determines that the fault belongs to the safety hazard dimension (potentially causing thermal runaway), with a comprehensive score of 85 points (out of 100). Since this value is higher than the first fault threshold (e.g., 80 points), it is classified as the first fault level. At the same time, according to the controller unit system affiliation mapping table, the BMS belongs to the high-voltage power system, corresponding to the first system priority identifier. The VCU associates and stores the fault level, system priority identifier, and fault code to form a complete fault information record.

[0037] S1.3: Based on the fault level judgment result, query the preset controller unit system affiliation mapping table according to the fault source controller unit identifier to determine the control system type to which the fault source controller unit belongs, and generate the corresponding system priority identifier.

[0038] It should be noted that, as Figure 2 As shown, the control system types include a high-voltage power system, a high-voltage accessory system, and a range extender control system. The high-voltage power system includes a motor controller (MCU), a transmission controller (TCU), a battery management system (BMS), and a high-voltage control board (PDU). The high-voltage accessory system includes an air pump controller (AP) and a power steering pump controller (EPS). The range extender control system includes a range extender controller (EMU). The high-voltage power system corresponds to the first system priority identifier, the high-voltage accessory system corresponds to the second system priority identifier, and the range extender control system corresponds to the third system priority identifier. The system priority identifiers indicate the processing priority order of each control system during fault handling, with the first system priority identifier having the highest processing priority.

[0039] S1.4: Establish an association and storage relationship between the fault level, fault source controller unit identifier, and system priority identifier corresponding to the fault description information to form a comprehensive fault information dataset.

[0040] It should be noted that the comprehensive fault information dataset includes fault code identifiers, one of the fault levels from the first fault level to the third fault level, and one of the system priority identifiers from the first system priority identifier to the third system priority identifier.

[0041] In this embodiment of the application, step S2 includes: S2.1: Based on the combination relationship between fault level and system priority identifier, determine the corresponding degradation control strategy type in the fault handling priority matrix, including emergency cut-off strategy type, power limiting strategy type, vehicle speed limiting strategy type, and warning prompt strategy type; Specifically, based on the comprehensive fault information dataset, a fault handling priority matrix is ​​constructed with the first fault level to the third fault level as the row dimension and the first system priority identifier to the third system priority identifier as the column dimension.

[0042] It should be noted that each element in the fault handling priority matrix corresponds to a specific degradation control strategy type.

[0043] Preferably, when the first fault level is combined with the first system priority identifier, an emergency cut-off strategy type is matched; when the second fault level is combined with the first system priority identifier, a power limiting strategy type and a speed limiting strategy type are matched; when the third fault level is combined with any system priority identifier, a warning prompt strategy type is matched.

[0044] S2.2: Based on the degradation control strategy type, configure differentiated combinations of restriction parameters for different system priority identifiers; In an optional implementation, if the second fault level corresponds to the first system priority identifier, then a power limiting parameter is configured. and vehicle speed limit parameters If the second fault level corresponds to the second system priority identifier, then configure the power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters If the first fault level corresponds to the third system priority identifier, then configure the power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters If the second fault level corresponds to the third system priority identifier, then configure the power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters .

[0045] S2.3: Power limiting parameters based on fault level and system priority identifier. and vehicle speed limit parameters Configure the gradient; It should be noted that the power limiting parameters For the most stringent power limiting level, the power limiting parameters are... Corresponding to a relatively lenient power limit level, vehicle speed limit parameters Corresponding to the strictest speed limit level, speed limit parameters This corresponds to a relatively lenient speed limit level.

[0046] In an optional implementation, when the fault source controller unit identifier corresponds to the range extender control system, a special control strategy including generator power limitation is generated based on the fault level; if the first fault level corresponds to the third system priority identifier, then in addition to configuring power limitation parameters... and vehicle speed limit parameters In addition, torque zeroing control parameters and range extender high-voltage relay cut-off control parameters are generated; if the second fault level corresponds to the third system priority identifier, then in addition to configuring power limiting parameters... and vehicle speed limit parameters In addition, generator power limiting parameters are also generated. .

[0047] Specifically, the degradation control strategy type is associated with the corresponding timing control parameters. When the degradation control strategy type is the emergency cut-off strategy type, the torque zeroing timing parameter Time1 and the torque zeroing timing parameter Time2 are configured. The torque zeroing timing parameter Time1 is used to control the delay time of cutting off the battery high-voltage relay after the drive torque is zeroed, and the torque zeroing timing parameter Time2 is used to control the delay time of cutting off the range extender high-voltage relay after the generator torque is zeroed.

[0048] S2.4: Perform logical verification on the degradation control strategy type and the corresponding combination of limiting parameters to ensure the power limiting parameters are correct. and vehicle speed limit parameters The numerical settings meet the requirements for safe vehicle operation; However, it should be noted that the combination of limiting parameters is checked to ensure that it meets the minimum safety margin requirements under different fault scenarios, and the verified degradation control strategy type and combination of limiting parameters are stored in the control strategy parameter library.

[0049] For example, if the vehicle control unit (VCU) determines that the current fault is of the first fault level and the system is a high-voltage power system (first system priority identifier), then according to the fault handling priority matrix, the emergency cut-off strategy type is matched, and the corresponding limiting parameters are configured: after the drive-end torque is cleared to zero, the battery high-voltage relay is cut off after a delay of Time1=3 seconds; if the fault is of the second fault level and the system is a range extender control system (third system priority identifier), then the power limiting strategy type is matched, and the power limiting parameters are configured. Vehicle speed limit parameters Additionally, generator power limiting parameters are generated. .

[0050] In this embodiment of the application, step S3 includes: S3.1: Prioritize the degradation control strategy types according to the positional relationship of each matrix element in the fault handling priority matrix; Preferably, if the downgraded control strategy type is an emergency cut-off strategy type, it is set to the highest execution priority; if the downgraded control strategy type is a power limiting strategy type or a speed limiting strategy type, it is set to a medium execution priority; if the downgraded control strategy type is a warning prompt strategy type, it is set to the lowest execution priority.

[0051] S3.2: When the degradation control strategy type is the emergency cut-off strategy type and the system priority identifier is the first system priority identifier or the second system priority identifier, a drive-end torque zeroing command is sent to the motor controller MCU. It should be noted that the timing function of the vehicle controller VCU starting torque zeroing timing parameter Time1, after the torque zeroing timing parameter Time1 ends, cuts off the battery high-voltage relay through the high-voltage control board PDU, disconnecting the power supply circuit of the high-voltage power system.

[0052] S3.3: When the degradation control strategy type is the emergency disconnection strategy type and the system priority identifier is the third system priority identifier, then the dual disconnection control operation is executed; Specifically, the vehicle control unit (VCU) sends power limiting parameters to the motor control unit (MCU). Power limit directives and speed limit parameters The system sends a speed limit command and simultaneously sends a torque zeroing command to the generator end to the range extender controller (EMU). It also starts the timing function of the torque zeroing timing parameter Time2. After the torque zeroing timing parameter Time2 finishes timing, the range extender high voltage relay is cut off through the range extender controller (EMU).

[0053] S3.4: When the downgraded control strategy type is the power limiting strategy type, the corresponding power limiting parameter is selected according to the system priority identifier for differentiated control, and the corresponding vehicle speed limiting control is executed synchronously. Furthermore, when the system priority identifier is the first system priority identifier, the vehicle controller (VCU) sends a power limiting parameter-based command to the motor controller (MCU). The maximum output power limit command for the drive motor is issued; when the system priority identifier is the second system priority identifier, the vehicle controller (VCU) sends a command based on the power limit parameters to the motor controller (MCU). The maximum output power limit command for the drive motor is issued; when the system priority identifier is the third system priority identifier, the vehicle controller (VCU) sends a command based on the power limit parameters to the motor controller (MCU). The maximum output power limit command for the drive motor.

[0054] Furthermore, if the system priority identifier is the first system priority identifier, then a speed limit parameter-based command is sent to the transmission controller TCU. The system sends a command to limit the maximum vehicle speed; if the system priority identifier is the second system priority identifier, it sends a command based on the vehicle speed limit parameters to the transmission controller TCU. The system sends a command to limit the maximum vehicle speed; if the system priority identifier is the third system priority identifier, it sends a command based on the vehicle speed limit parameters to the transmission controller TCU. The maximum speed limit for the entire vehicle.

[0055] S3.4: When the fault source controller unit identifier corresponds to the range extender control system and the degradation control strategy type is the power limiting strategy type, then while executing the drive-side power limiting and vehicle speed limiting, a generator power limiting parameter is sent to the range extender controller EMU. 1. Generator maximum output power limit command; S3.5: After issuing various control commands, continuously monitor the execution status feedback information of the motor controller MCU, gearbox controller TCU, and range extender controller EMU via the CAN bus.

[0056] It should be noted that by coordinating the control of the drive-end power limit and the generator-end power limit, the energy balance of the range-extended power system is maintained in the degraded state; the power limit execution confirmation information, vehicle speed limit execution confirmation information, and torque zeroing execution confirmation information returned by each controller unit are received to verify whether the execution effect of the degraded control strategy type meets the expected control objectives.

[0057] S3.6: Based on the monitored control execution status feedback information, dynamically adjust the degradation control strategy type.

[0058] Preferably, when the fault condition is detected to worsen, the current power limiting strategy type or vehicle speed limiting strategy type is upgraded to an emergency cut-off strategy type; when the fault condition is detected to ease, the corresponding limiting parameters are rematched according to the latest fault level, and the control intensity is adjusted to an appropriate level to avoid excessively limiting the vehicle's operating performance.

[0059] For example, when the vehicle control unit (VCU) executes an emergency shutdown strategy, it first sends a torque zeroing command to the motor control unit (MCU) and starts a 3-second timer. After the timer expires, the battery high-voltage relay is disconnected via the power distribution unit (PDU), and the vehicle enters a power-off protection state. If, during execution, the VCU detects a new fault reported by the battery management system (such as "sharp rise in battery temperature"), it dynamically upgrades the control strategy to a more stringent power limiting strategy and adjusts the power limiting parameters accordingly. Speed ​​limit to In order to deal with the worsening of the fault.

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, step S4 includes: S4.1: Based on the execution result of the degradation control strategy type, encapsulate the fault level, fault code identifier, system priority identifier and the execution status of the degradation control strategy type into data; In an optional implementation, the fault description information corresponding to the fault level, the status of the currently effective limiting parameters, and the execution status of the emergency cut-off strategy type or power limiting strategy type are encapsulated into a standardized display data packet according to a preset instrument communication protocol format.

[0061] S4.2: Determine the corresponding instrument display strategy based on the fault level; In an optional implementation, if the fault level is the first fault level, a red warning display command and an audible alarm command are generated; if the fault level is the second fault level, a yellow warning display command and a limit status display command are generated; if the fault level is the third fault level, a blue prompt display command is generated, which includes the current limit status of the power limit parameter and the vehicle speed limit parameter in the display command.

[0062] S4.3: Send comprehensive display information to the instrument display unit via the CAN bus; Specifically, the instrument display unit receives comprehensive display information and presents fault source location information, current restriction status information, and suggested operation information on the display screen according to the display strategy. At the same time, it sends the fault occurrence timestamp and estimated fault duration information to the instrument display unit.

[0063] S4.4: After the instrument information is sent, establish a continuous monitoring mechanism for the controller corresponding to the fault source controller unit identifier; Furthermore, the system periodically receives operating status information from the fault source controller unit via the CAN bus, including fault code update information, controller operating parameter change information, and fault self-recovery status information; and continuously collects status data from the fault source controller unit according to the time interval of the set monitoring cycle parameter.

[0064] S4.5: Perform trend analysis on the status data of the fault source controller unit to identify whether the fault status has changed; In an optional implementation, if a new fault code is detected, it is marked as a worsening of the fault condition; if an existing fault code is detected to have disappeared or the fault parameters have returned to the normal range, it is marked as an improved fault condition; if a change in the fault code type is detected, it is marked as a change in the nature of the fault; the vehicle control unit (VCU) initiates the corresponding fault classification reassessment process based on the type of fault condition change.

[0065] S4.6: Dynamically adjust the fault assessment model based on the monitored changes in fault status; In an optional implementation, when the fault condition worsens, the weight coefficients of the corresponding fault codes in the relevant dimensions of the safety hazard dimension, performance impact dimension, and functional impact dimension are adjusted; when the fault condition improves, the weight coefficients of the corresponding dimensions are reduced; when a new fault mode occurs, new fault code evaluation rules are added to the multi-dimensional fault evaluation model.

[0066] S4.7: Using the updated fault assessment model, recalculate the comprehensive fault score for the current fault code information.

[0067] Preferably, the recalculated comprehensive fault score is compared with the preset fault threshold to determine the updated fault level; when the fault level changes, the fault handling priority matrix matching process in step S2 is re-executed to generate the adjusted degradation control strategy type and limiting parameters.

[0068] Furthermore, based on the reassessed fault level and the updated degraded control strategy type, the currently executed control strategy is adjusted; when the fault level is upgraded, stricter limiting parameter control is immediately implemented or the emergency cut-off strategy type is upgraded; when the fault level is downgraded, the corresponding power limiting parameters and vehicle speed limiting parameters are gradually relaxed. The vehicle control unit (VCU) resends the adjusted control status information to the instrument display unit to keep the displayed information synchronized with the actual control status.

[0069] For example, the vehicle control unit (VCU) encapsulates the current fault level (Level 1), fault code (0x101), and the status of the executed emergency shutdown strategy and sends them to the instrument panel. The instrument panel displays a red warning icon and the text "High-voltage system fault, please stop the vehicle safely immediately," and plays an alarm sound. At the same time, the VCU continuously monitors the BMS status. If the voltage is subsequently detected to return to normal and the fault code disappears, it is marked as an improvement in the fault status, and the fault level is reassessed. If the score drops below Level 2, the VCU gradually relaxes the restrictions, restores some power output, and updates the instrument panel with a yellow warning message.

[0070] In summary, this invention achieves intelligent hierarchical management of fault information and identification of system importance by constructing a fault assessment model to classify fault code information and obtain system priority identifiers. This enables precise quantification of the severity and propagation impact of faults. Furthermore, by combining multi-level fault association knowledge graph technology, it effectively identifies the relationships and propagation paths between faults. The steps of determining the degradation control strategy type and matching constraint parameters through a fault handling priority matrix achieve standardization and parameterized configuration of fault handling decisions. The step of implementing hierarchical control on the range-extended powertrain system realizes a refined fault response mechanism with multi-controller collaboration. Finally, the steps of fault information display and dynamic model updating achieve closed-loop management and adaptive optimization of fault handling.

[0071] Under the teachings of the above embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, other aspects disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention also propose a vehicle fault handling system for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, including: The fault diagnosis and level assessment module is used to classify fault code information into levels according to the fault assessment model, and at the same time obtain the system priority identifier to which the fault source controller unit belongs. The degradation strategy decision module, based on the fault level and the system priority identifier, determines the degradation control strategy type through a constructed fault handling priority matrix and matches corresponding limiting parameters, including power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters ; The hierarchical control execution module performs hierarchical control on the range-extended power system based on the degradation control strategy type and the limiting parameters. The status monitoring and human-machine interaction module is used to send fault level and degradation control status information to the instrument display, while monitoring the status changes of the fault source controller unit and dynamically updating the fault assessment model.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control proposed in the above embodiment.

[0073] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0074] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the vehicle fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as proposed in the above embodiments.

[0075] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment and the data storage method proposed in the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0076] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for handling vehicle faults in range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, characterized in that: include, The fault code information is classified into levels according to the fault assessment model, and the system priority identifier to which the fault source controller unit belongs is obtained. Based on the fault level and the system priority identifier, the degradation control strategy type is determined by constructing a fault handling priority matrix, and corresponding limiting parameters are matched, wherein the limiting parameters include power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters ; Based on the degradation control strategy type and the limiting parameters, hierarchical control is performed on the range-extended power system; The fault level and degradation control status information are sent to the instrument display, while the status changes of the fault source controller unit are monitored and the fault assessment model is dynamically updated. Based on the combination relationship between fault level and system priority identifier, the corresponding degradation control strategy type is determined in the fault handling priority matrix, including emergency cut-off strategy type, power limiting strategy type, vehicle speed limiting strategy type, and warning prompt strategy type. Based on the aforementioned degradation control strategy type, differentiated combinations of restriction parameters are configured for different system priority identifiers; Power limiting parameters are based on fault level and system priority identifiers. and vehicle speed limit parameters Configure the gradient; Logical verification is performed on the degradation control strategy type and the corresponding combination of limiting parameters to ensure that the power limiting parameters are accurate. and the speed limit parameters The numerical settings meet the requirements for safe vehicle operation.

2. The method for handling vehicle faults of range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Hierarchical control is implemented for the range-extended powertrain system, including: Based on the positional relationship of each matrix element in the fault handling priority matrix, the degradation control strategy types are prioritized. When the degradation control strategy type is the emergency cut-off strategy type and the system priority identifier is the first system priority identifier or the second system priority identifier, a drive-end torque zeroing command is sent to the motor controller MCU. When the downgrade control strategy type is the emergency cutoff strategy type and the system priority identifier is the third system priority identifier, then the dual cutoff control operation is executed; When the downgraded control strategy type is the power limiting strategy type, the corresponding power limiting parameter is selected according to the system priority identifier for differentiated control, and the corresponding vehicle speed limiting control is executed synchronously. When the fault source controller unit identifier corresponds to the range extender control system and the degradation control strategy type is the power limiting strategy type, then while executing drive-side power limiting and vehicle speed limiting, it sends a generator power limiting parameter-based command to the range extender controller EMU. The generator maximum output power limit command; After issuing various control commands, the system continuously monitors the execution status feedback information of the motor controller MCU, gearbox controller TCU, and range extender controller EMU via the CAN bus. Based on the monitored control execution status feedback information, the degradation control strategy type is dynamically adjusted.

3. The method for handling vehicle faults of range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the comprehensive fault information dataset, a fault handling priority matrix is ​​constructed with the first fault level to the third fault level as the row dimension and the first system priority identifier to the third system priority identifier as the column dimension.

4. The method for handling vehicle faults of range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the comprehensive fault information dataset is as follows: The vehicle control unit (VCU) receives fault code information sent by each controller unit via the CAN bus, performs protocol parsing on the fault code information, and extracts the fault description information corresponding to the fault code identifier. Historical fault data is input into the fault assessment model for evaluation and processing, and a comprehensive fault score is output. The comprehensive fault score is then compared with a preset fault threshold to determine the fault level corresponding to the fault description information. Based on the fault level judgment result, the system type to which the fault source controller unit belongs is determined by querying the preset controller unit system affiliation mapping table according to the fault source controller unit identifier, and the corresponding system priority identifier is generated. The fault description information, the fault level, the fault source controller unit identifier, and the system priority identifier are associated and stored to form a comprehensive fault information dataset.

5. The method for handling vehicle faults of range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The specific formula for the comprehensive fault score is as follows: ； in, This is the overall fault score. The monitoring time window length is given by n, where n is the total number of faulty nodes. Let i be the attention weight of the faulty node. Let i be the graph embedding vector of the faulty node i. The exponential decay coefficient is... For the system priority identifier matrix, Let i be the propagation path influence vector of the fault node i. The Gamma normalization function, To adjust the parameters, This is an information filtering function based on Mahalanobis distance. This is a vector representing the severity of the fault. As the reference vector, Let be the spectral norm of the fault influence factor matrix. Let t be the noise variance, and t be the integral variable; When the overall fault score is greater than the first fault threshold, the fault code information is classified as the first fault level; when the overall fault score is between the second fault threshold and the first fault threshold, the fault code information is classified as the second fault level; when the overall fault score is lower than the second fault threshold, the fault code information is classified as the third fault level.

6. The method for handling vehicle faults of range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The method for establishing the fault assessment model, Construct a fault domain knowledge ontology that includes the vehicle control unit (VCU), high-voltage accessory system, high-voltage power system, and range extender control system; By parsing the CAN bus protocol, a knowledge base mapping fault code identifiers to fault description information is established. Based on the fault domain knowledge ontology and the mapping knowledge base, the association between faults is identified through a knowledge extraction algorithm, and a multi-level fault association knowledge graph is constructed with fault description information as nodes and fault propagation paths as edges. A graph embedding method is used to map the fault nodes in the multi-level fault association knowledge graph into low-dimensional vector representations. The importance weight of fault description information in the graph is calculated through an attention mechanism. Combined with the fault severity attribute and the system impact attribute, a fault assessment model is formed.

7. A fault handling system for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control, based on the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include, The fault diagnosis and level assessment module is used to classify fault code information into levels according to the fault assessment model, and at the same time obtain the system priority identifier to which the fault source controller unit belongs. The degradation strategy decision module, based on the fault level and the system priority identifier, determines the degradation control strategy type through a constructed fault handling priority matrix and matches corresponding limiting parameters, including power limiting parameters. and vehicle speed limit parameters ; The hierarchical control execution module performs hierarchical control on the range-extended power system based on the degradation control strategy type and the limiting parameters. The status monitoring and human-machine interaction module is used to send fault level and degradation control status information to the instrument display, while monitoring the status changes of the fault source controller unit and dynamically updating the fault assessment model.

8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the fault handling method for range-extended commercial vehicles based on multi-level hierarchical and safety degradation control as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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