A high-precision dynamic balance automatic correction machine based on a laser etching process and a rotor correction method

Abstract

The application discloses a high-precision dynamic balance automatic correction machine and a rotor correction method based on a laser etching process. The machine comprises a mounting reference large bottom plate, a rotor clamping and rotating mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a belt secondary compression driving mechanism, a lifting profiling dust collection mechanism and a laser component arranged on the mounting reference large bottom plate. The measuring mechanism is used for measuring the unbalance of the rotor workpiece. The laser component is used for laser correction of the rotor workpiece. The rotor clamping and rotating mechanism is used for clamping the rotor workpiece during the laser correction or positioning the unbalance of the rotor workpiece. The belt secondary compression driving mechanism is used for driving the rotor workpiece to rotate or positioning the unbalance of the rotor workpiece. The lifting profiling dust collection mechanism is used for dust collection and cooling of the rotor workpiece during the laser correction. The device and method are stable and high in precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rotor correction, specifically to a high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine and rotor correction method based on laser etching process. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, high-speed brushless motors have been widely used in various applications, from electric vehicles to industrial production equipment, and the demand for brushless motors continues to grow. Brushless motors are highly favored due to their high efficiency, high speed, and low noise. However, as the operating speed of these motors continues to increase, the requirements for rotor dynamic balancing also increase. High-speed brushless motors require higher precision dynamic balancing to ensure that they do not generate vibration and noise during high-speed operation, as well as to guarantee their long-term stability and reliability. This growth has led to a strong demand for high-precision dynamic balancing machines.

[0003] In traditional dynamic balancing processes, the main methods are still milling, drilling, and adding counterweights. However, for internal rotors in brushless motors with speeds reaching tens of thousands of revolutions per minute, these balancing methods are no longer sufficient to meet the high-precision dynamic balancing requirements. Laser high-precision etching dynamic balancing technology has significant advantages over traditional tool-based weight removal.

[0004] First, laser etching technology utilizes a highly precise laser beam to achieve fine machining of tiny areas on the tool surface, thus enabling more accurate dynamic balance correction. This precision far surpasses traditional tool weight reduction methods, and can more effectively reduce the impact of vibration and imbalance on equipment and products.

[0005] Secondly, for emerging micro rotors, the thickness of the counterweight is often less than 1 mm, and the area that can be corrected is often very small. Traditional tool weight removal often requires clamping before cutting or machining. The limited space makes such machining very difficult and may also cause roughness or damage to the tool surface, reducing the durability and stability of the workpiece. In contrast, laser etching does not produce physical cutting and wear, so it does not damage the tool surface and extends the tool's service life.

[0006] In addition, laser etching technology is highly automated and controllable. Through precise program control and monitoring, it can achieve high-efficiency and high-quality correction. In contrast, traditional tool-based weight removal processes may require more manual intervention and time, and are less efficient and stable than laser etching.

[0007] Therefore, compared with traditional tool weight removal, laser high-precision etching dynamic balancing correction process has higher precision, longer tool life, higher degree of automation and more stable correction effect, thus having obvious advantages in improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0008] Existing laser correction and balancing machines have the following problems: (1) Due to the deviation in the relationship between the weight and the unbalance in laser processing, the pass rate of existing laser balancing machines is low.

[0009] (2) During the laser etching process, the molten metal jet cools down and forms dust, which will accumulate on the rotor and the test machine surface, affecting the appearance of the rotor. It will also cause the ceramic rod to be rough during rotor testing, and the rotor to vibrate back and forth, resulting in unstable test data.

[0010] (3) In the rotor dynamic balancing test process, the rotor needs to be rotated at a certain speed and pulled by the belt to make the rotor close to the test machine baffle. The height of the belt and the angle of the pull are particularly critical. Too much pull will cause the rotor to spring back and affect the stability of the data. Too little pull will cause the rotor to not be close to the baffle, and the data will also be bad. During the test, due to the insufficient stability of the existing belt drive mechanism, the interference of the high-precision dynamic balancing test machine is mainly introduced by the belt drive mechanism.

[0011] (4) During the dynamic balancing process, it is necessary to locate the angle of the unevenness. In general, the drive belt is usually used for positioning. However, because the rotor is too small, even a slight slip of the belt can cause an angle difference of 20°, 30° or even more. Therefore, the belt rotation angle is often inaccurate, causing the equipment to be processed multiple times or unable to be processed. Summary of the Invention

[0012] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine and rotor correction method based on laser etching technology.

[0013] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: I. A high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching technology The high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine includes a mounting base plate and a rotor clamping and rotating mechanism, a measuring mechanism, a belt-driven two-stage pressing mechanism, a lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism, and a laser assembly arranged on the mounting base plate. A rotor clamping and rotating mechanism is arranged on one side of the measuring mechanism. The upper part of the measuring mechanism clamps the rotor workpiece. The measuring mechanism and the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism are movably connected to the two ends of the rotor workpiece along the axial direction, respectively. The measuring mechanism is used to measure the unbalance of the rotor workpiece, and the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism is used to rotate the rotor workpiece to locate the unbalance or to fix the rotor workpiece during laser correction. The upper part of the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism extends above the rotor workpiece, and the upper part of the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism is connected to the rotor workpiece via a belt, thereby driving the rotor workpiece to rotate around its own axis or driving the rotor workpiece to rotate to position the imbalance. The dust collection part of the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism is located above the rotor workpiece and is used to collect dust and cool the rotor workpiece during the laser correction process. The laser emitting part of the laser assembly is located above the dust collection part of the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism, and is used to perform laser correction on the rotor workpiece.

[0014] The measuring mechanism includes a test machine base, a vibration acquisition sensor, a speed sensor, a test machine floating platform, and a support fixture; The test machine base, test machine floating platform and support fixture are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The support fixture can rotatably support one end of the rotor workpiece. The axis of the rotor workpiece is arranged horizontally and can be driven to rotate by a belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism. The speed sensor is used to collect the rotational speed of the rotor workpiece, and the vibration transmission copper rod of the vibration acquisition sensor is connected to the floating platform of the testing machine to collect the vibration of the floating platform of the testing machine. The test machine base is fixedly connected to the mounting reference base plate. The test machine base is flexibly connected to the test machine floating platform through several vertically arranged spring rods. The test machine floating platform is connected to the support clamp.

[0015] The belt secondary pressing drive mechanism is located behind the measuring mechanism and includes a horizontal slide mechanism and a secondary lifting belt drive mechanism. The horizontal slide mechanism is used to adjust the horizontal position of the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism. The secondary lifting belt drive mechanism includes a vertical base and a belt, a belt horizontal drive assembly, a secondary clamping mechanism, a first damper, a motor horizontal adjustment plate, a first hard stop screw, a vertical connecting block, a lifting cylinder, a vertical base, and a vertical mounting plate. The belt is connected to the belt horizontal drive assembly. The belt can rotate the rotor workpiece by sliding drive. The belt horizontal drive assembly is used to adjust the horizontal position of the belt and drive the belt. The vertical base is mounted on the slide mounting plate of the horizontal slide mechanism. The vertical base is an L-shaped base. A lifting cylinder and a motor horizontal adjustment plate are arranged sequentially on the top surface of the horizontal arm of the L-shaped base. The lifting cylinder can drive the motor horizontal adjustment plate to move vertically back and forth. A vertical connecting block is installed at the front end of the motor horizontal adjustment plate. A first damper and a first hard stop screw are installed on the vertical connecting block. A vertical mounting plate is fixedly installed on the vertical arm of the L-shaped base. A secondary clamping mechanism is installed on the vertical mounting plate. The secondary clamping mechanism is located directly below the first damper and the first hard stop screw. The secondary clamping mechanism includes a stepped structure. The top surface of the stepped structure has a stepped contact surface. The stepped structure can move back and forth in the left and right direction, so that the first damper and the first hard stop screw can abut against any step of the stepped contact surface.

[0016] The secondary clamping mechanism includes a secondary cylinder, a stepped structure, a secondary clamping mounting bracket, and a secondary cylinder mounting bracket; The secondary clamping mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the vertical mounting plate. The secondary cylinder is installed on one side of the secondary clamping mounting bracket. The stepped structure is slidably arranged on the top of the secondary clamping mounting bracket. The top surface of the stepped structure forms a first contact surface and a second contact surface, and the height of the first contact surface is greater than that of the second contact surface. The secondary cylinder can drive the stepped structure to move left and right back and forth, so that the first contact surface or the second contact surface moves to directly below the first damper and the first hard stop screw, thereby allowing the first damper and the first hard stop screw to abut against the first contact surface or the second contact surface.

[0017] The rotor clamping and rotating mechanism includes a clamping and turning mechanism mounting frame, a rotating clamping component and a positioning drive component mounted on the clamping and turning mechanism mounting frame, wherein the positioning drive component is used to drive the rotating clamping component to move in the front-back and left-right directions; The rotary clamping component includes a jaw chuck, a floating air connector, an air gripper, a jaw base, a rotary air connector mounting plate, a stepper motor, a motor mounting plate, and two sets of height adjustment components. Two sets of height adjustment components are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the motor mounting plate to adjust the vertical position of the rotating clamping component; A stepper motor is mounted on the motor mounting plate. The output shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the pneumatic gripper via a floating air connector. A gripper chuck is mounted on the gripper's gripper base. The gripper chuck is used to hold the rotor workpiece. The pneumatic gripper is connected to an external air circuit via a rotary air connector, which is mounted on a rotary air connector mounting plate.

[0018] The lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism includes a vortex cooling pipe, an angled dust collection pipe mounting plate, a dust collection hood mounting plate, a dust collection hood, an air blowing transition block, a guide rod cylinder, and an L-shaped frame for mounting the lifting cylinder. The lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped frame is mounted on the mounting reference base plate. A guide rod cylinder is mounted on the lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped frame. The top end of the guide rod cylinder is a telescopic end, which is connected to the dust hood through the dust hood mounting plate. The dust hood is placed above the rotor workpiece. The guide rod cylinder can drive the dust hood mounting plate and the dust hood to achieve reciprocating motion in the vertical direction. The vortex cooling tube is used to generate cooling gas. The outlet of the vortex cooling tube is connected to the inlet of the air blowing transition block through a pipe. The outlet of the air blowing transition block is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood through a bamboo joint tube. The outlet of the bamboo joint tube is arranged corresponding to the rotor workpiece. The inside of the dust collection hood is also connected to the inlet of the dust collection tube, so that the cooling gas can blow the dust generated by laser correction into the inlet of the dust collection tube.

[0019] II. A rotor correction method using the above-mentioned high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine The rotor correction method includes the following steps: Step 1) Place the rotor workpiece on the measuring mechanism, start the horizontal slide mechanism, use the second cylinder to drive the slide mounting plate to move forward on the linear guide rail, and push the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism forward until the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism moves directly above the rotor workpiece.

[0020] Step 2) Use the lifting cylinder to drive the motor horizontal adjustment plate to move downward on the linear guide rail, control the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism to descend until the belt contacts the rotor workpiece; at the same time, use the secondary cylinder in the secondary clamping mechanism to drive the secondary slider to move to the left, so that the first damper and the first hard stop screw abut against the first contact surface to achieve primary clamping. A belt-driven horizontal drive assembly is used to drive the belt to slide, and the belt drives the rotor workpiece to rotate at a preset speed. A measuring mechanism is used to perform a dynamic balance test on the rotor workpiece.

[0021] Step 3) After the test is completed, the unbalance and unbalance phase at both ends of the rotor workpiece are obtained. The unbalance is then substituted into the pre-obtained laser de-weighting curve to obtain the laser processing parameters.

[0022] The laser processing parameters include the number of laser etchings N along the axial direction of the rotor workpiece; the laser correction uses N laser etchings, each laser etching including a first layer etching and a second layer etching performed sequentially, the scanning line spacing of the first layer etching being greater than the scanning line spacing of the second layer etching.

[0023] The laser de-weighting curve is the relationship curve between laser processing parameters and the amount of imbalance. The specific process for obtaining the laser de-weighting curve is as follows: using a pre-set scan line spacing for the first and second etch layers, the rotor sample is laser-etched several times, and the amount of imbalance after each laser etching is measured. The number of laser etchings and the corresponding amount of imbalance constitute a set of data. The multiple sets of data are fitted using fitting methods such as the least squares method to obtain the laser de-weighting curve.

[0024] Step 4) Use the rotor clamping rotation mechanism or the secondary clamping function of the belt secondary clamping drive mechanism to position the rotor workpiece according to the unbalance phase; In step 4, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism or the belt-driven two-stage pressure drive mechanism is selected to locate the imbalance amount depending on whether the rotor workpiece has a clamping shaft. If the rotor workpiece has a clamping shaft, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism is used to locate the imbalance amount; if the rotor workpiece does not have a clamping shaft, the belt-driven two-stage pressure drive mechanism is used to locate the imbalance amount. The process of positioning the imbalance using a rotor clamping and rotating mechanism is as follows: Under the external pneumatic drive, the chuck on the pneumatic gripper clamps the clamping shaft of the rotor workpiece away from the support fixture. According to the imbalance phase, a stepper motor is used to drive the chuck to rotate, thereby driving the rotor workpiece to rotate, so that the imbalance area of ​​the rotor workpiece is located directly above. The process of positioning the imbalance using the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism is as follows: the second-stage cylinder in the two-stage clamping mechanism drives the second-stage slider to move to the right, so that the first damper and the hard stop screw abut against the top surface of the second-stage clamping block to achieve two-stage clamping; the belt horizontal drive assembly drives the belt to slide, and the belt drives the rotor workpiece to rotate, so that the imbalance area of ​​the rotor workpiece is located directly above.

[0025] Step 5) Use the guide rod cylinder to lower the dust collection hood to the height of the rotor workpiece, start the eddy current cooling pipe, start the laser in the laser assembly, use the height adjustment screw handwheel on the lifting adjustment module to adjust the focal length of the laser from the surface of the rotor workpiece, adjust the power of the laser to the target power, use the laser to perform laser correction on the rotor workpiece, and after the laser correction is completed, turn off the laser and the eddy current cooling pipe. Step 6) If the laser processing parameters include laser correction of the other end of the rotor workpiece in the axial direction, then after laser correction of the other end of the rotor workpiece in the axial direction according to steps 4 to 5, proceed to step 7). Otherwise, proceed directly to step 7); Step 7) Perform dynamic balancing test on the laser-corrected rotor workpiece again according to Step 2. After the test is completed, obtain the unbalance amount and unbalance phase at both ends of the axial direction of the laser-corrected rotor workpiece. If the imbalance at both ends of the rotor workpiece after laser correction is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the test is unqualified. The processing parameters of the laser are obtained according to the imbalance amount. After locating the imbalance amount according to the imbalance phase, the process returns to step 4. If the imbalance at both ends of the rotor workpiece after laser correction is less than the preset threshold, the test is qualified. Use the lifting cylinder to drive the motor horizontal adjustment plate to move upward on the linear guide rail, control the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism to rise, and then use the second cylinder to drive the slide mounting plate to move backward on the linear guide rail, so that the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism can be moved backward and the laser-corrected rotor workpiece can be removed.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention provides an automatic fitting algorithm for machining curves and designs a scheme for calculating the machining area based on the feedback of unbalance, achieving high precision and one-time machining qualification.

[0027] 2. The lifting and contour-following dust collection mechanism in the device of the present invention forms a small sealed space and uses low-temperature gas to blow the cutting dust into the dust collection port. The blowing and dust collection are carried out simultaneously, which can effectively remove the dust and effectively improve the surface finish of the processing position.

[0028] 3. This invention provides a belt drive mechanism with good stability and easy adjustment, capable of achieving two different belt clamping heights. During dynamic balancing testing, a single-stage clamping method is used, employing a small-angle belt clamping to reduce belt interference with the small rotor test data. For imbalance positioning, a large-angle secondary clamping method is used for steering, increasing belt friction and reducing slippage that could lead to inaccurate steering angles and deviations in machining positions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a structural layout diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the rotating clamping component B1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the rotating clamping component B1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6This is a structural diagram of the measuring mechanism C0 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the belt two-stage pressing drive mechanism D0 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the horizontal slide mechanism D1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the two-stage lifting belt drive mechanism D2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism E0 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the laser component F0 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 13 These are two laser filling spacing diagrams used in this invention.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a flowchart of the main processing steps of the equipment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of different belt wrap angles in this invention.

[0041] Among them, A0 is the mounting base plate, B0 is the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism, C0 is the measuring mechanism, D0 is the belt two-stage pressing drive mechanism, E0 is the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism, and F0 is the laser assembly. B1. Rotary clamping component; B1.1. Rotor workpiece; B1.2. Claw chuck; B1.3. Floating air connector; B1.4. Air gripper; B1.5. Gripper seat; B1.6. Rotary air connector mounting plate; B1.7. Stepper motor; B1.8. Motor mounting plate; B1.9. Steering height adjustment cover plate; B1.10. Height adjustment block L-shaped frame; B1.11. Height adjustment screw; B2. Left and right adjustment block cover plate; B3. Left and right adjustment plate; B4. Intermediate plate; B5. Left and right adjustment block seat; B6. First floating connector; B7. Linear guide rail; B8. Buffer damper; B9. First cylinder; B10. Damper mounting bracket; B11. Clamping steering mechanism mounting bracket; B12. Fourth fixing screw; C1, Test machine base; C2, Vibration acquisition sensor; C3, Speed ​​sensor; C4, Test machine floating platform; C5, Support fixture. D1. Horizontal slide mechanism; D1.1. Damping mounting block; D1.2. Horizontal cylinder connecting plate; D1.3. Second floating joint; D1.4. Slide assembly base plate; D1.5. Second cylinder; D1.6. Damping stop block; D1.7. Slide mounting plate; D1.8. Linear guide rail; D2. Secondary lifting belt drive mechanism; D2.1. Belt drive adjustment mechanism; D2.2. Rotary adjustment plate clamping locking screw; D2.3. Secondary clamping mechanism; D2.3.1. Secondary cylinder; D2.3.2. First fixing screw; D2.3.3. Secondary clamping block; D2.3.4. Secondary slider; D2.3.5. Secondary clamping mounting bracket. D2.3.6, Secondary cylinder mounting bracket; D2.4, Vertical adjusting block; D2.5, Slider backplate; D2.6, Linear guide rail; D2.7, First damper; D2.8, Motor horizontal adjusting plate; D2.9, Horizontal adjusting block; D2.10, First hard stop screw adjusting nut; D2.11, Horizontal adjusting cover plate; D2.12, First damper adjusting nut; D2.13, Vertical connecting block; D2.14, Third floating joint; D2.15, First hard stop screw; D2.16, Lifting cylinder; D2.17, Second fixing screw; D2.18, Vertical base; D2.19, Vertical mounting plate; D2.20, Driven wheel; E1. Vortex cooling pipe; E2. Angled dust suction pipe mounting plate; E3. Dust suction hood mounting plate; E4. Dust suction hood; E5. T-shaped clamp; E6. Air blowing transition block; E7. Guide rod cylinder; E8. Lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped bracket; E9. Second damper; E10. Dust suction cylinder damping mounting plate; E11. Second hard stop screw adjusting nut; E12. Third fixing screw; E13. Lifting cylinder lower protective sheet metal. F1, Lifting and Adjustment Module; F2, Laser Mounting Base Plate; F3, Laser. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] The first aspect of this invention provides a high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine, which has strong compatibility with rotors and better adaptability to rotors, and can process rotors with very short shafts or very small volume.

[0045] The rotor clamping and rotating mechanism in the high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine of this invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and easy adjustment.

[0046] The high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine of this invention features a two-stage belt clamping drive mechanism that can achieve two different belt clamping heights. During dynamic balancing testing, a single-stage clamping is used, with a small belt wrap angle. This small wrap angle reduces the interference of the belt on the data during the small rotor test. When locating the imbalance, a two-stage clamping with a large belt wrap angle is used for steering, which increases the belt's friction and reduces slippage that could cause inaccurate steering angles and deviations in the machining position.

[0047] The lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism E0 in the high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine of this invention forms a small, enclosed cavity with limited space at the processing position. At the same time, the large dust collection pipe can fully utilize the dust collection effect of the dust collector. Furthermore, through the cooperation of the cooling vortex tube and cooling gas, the processing temperature can be effectively kept low to prevent the rotor from overheating and demagnetizing. Moreover, under the action of airflow, the surface finish of the processed surface can be further improved.

[0048] The second aspect of this invention provides a rotor correction method using laser to perform dynamic balancing correction on the rotor. Compared with conventional milling cutters or weighting processes, the method of this invention has the advantages of high machining accuracy, no need for large force to clamp the workpiece, and less damage to the workpiece. At the same time, it has low requirements for the position of weight removal on the workpiece, and can perform dynamic balancing correction in positions that are difficult to machine with conventional milling cutters, drills, or weighting. Combined with the high-precision automatic dynamic balancing correction machine of this invention, the method of this invention has better effects in terms of machining effect, machining efficiency, and adaptability to rotors.

[0049] I. A high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching technology It includes a mounting base plate A0 and a rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0, a measuring mechanism C0, a belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism D0, a lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism E0, and a laser assembly F0 arranged on the top surface of the mounting base plate A0.

[0050] Measuring mechanism C0 is used to measure the imbalance of rotor workpiece B1.1; laser assembly F0 is used to perform laser correction on rotor workpiece B1.1; rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0 is used to clamp rotor workpiece B1.1 during laser correction, and / or to position the imbalance of rotor workpiece B1.1; belt secondary pressure drive mechanism D0 is used to drive rotor workpiece B1.1 to rotate around its own axis at a specified speed, and / or to position the imbalance of rotor workpiece B1.1; lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism E0 is used to collect dust and cool rotor workpiece B1.1 during laser correction.

[0051] In practice, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 or ​​the belt-driven two-stage clamping drive mechanism D0 is selected to locate the imbalance, depending on whether the rotor workpiece B1.1 has a clamping shaft. Specifically: if the rotor workpiece B1.1 has a clamping shaft, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 is used to locate the imbalance; if the rotor workpiece B1.1 does not have a clamping shaft, the belt-driven two-stage clamping drive mechanism D0 is used to locate the imbalance.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the measuring mechanism C0 is installed at the center of the front of the mounting base plate A0, and is used to measure the imbalance of the rotor workpiece B1.1. The rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0 is installed to the right of the measuring mechanism C0, and is used to clamp the rotor workpiece B1.1 from the right side after the measuring mechanism C0 completes its measurement, and to position the imbalance. It also secures the workpiece during laser assembly F0 cutting, and during the lifting and contouring dust extraction mechanism E0 for dust extraction and cooling, preventing the rotor workpiece B1.1 from shifting due to cooling airflow. The lifting and contouring dust extraction mechanism E0 is installed to the left of the measuring mechanism C0, and is used to cool and extract dust from the rotor workpiece B1.1 during laser assembly F0 cutting. The belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism D0 is installed behind the measuring mechanism C0, and is used to drive the rotor workpiece B1.1 on the measuring mechanism C0 to rotate at a specified speed. It can also be used to position the imbalance for some specific rotor workpieces B1.1. The laser assembly F0 is installed on the left side of the belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism D0. The laser head is located directly above and aligned with the rotor workpiece B1.1 on the measuring mechanism C0, and is used to cut the unbalance of the rotor workpiece B1.1.

[0053] 1. Measuring mechanism C0 like Figure 1 As shown, the measuring mechanism C0 can be arranged at the center of the top surface of the mounting base plate A0.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, the measuring mechanism C0 includes a testing machine base C1, a vibration acquisition sensor C2, a speed sensor C3, a testing machine floating platform C4, and a support fixture C5. The testing machine base C1, the testing machine floating platform C4, and the support fixture C5 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The support fixture C5 rotatably supports one end of the rotor workpiece B1.1. The axis of the rotor workpiece B1.1 is horizontally arranged and can rotate around its own axis through the drive of the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism D0. The speed sensor C3 is used to acquire the rotational speed of the rotor workpiece B1.1. The vibration transmission copper rod of the vibration acquisition sensor C2 is connected to the testing machine floating platform C4. The vibration acquisition sensor C2 is used to acquire the vibration, i.e., the displacement, of the testing machine floating platform C4 through the vibration transmission copper rod.

[0055] The test machine base C1 is fixedly connected to the mounting reference base plate A0 by screws. The test machine base C1 is flexibly connected to the test machine floating platform C4 by several vertically arranged spring rods. The support fixture C5 is fixedly installed on the test machine floating platform C4, so that when the rotor workpiece B1.1 rotates, the vibration energy excited by the unbalance is transmitted to the test machine floating platform C4 through the support fixture C5.

[0056] In specific implementation, the support fixture C5 can be adopted as follows: Figure 6 The single-sided support fixture shown is suitable for rotor workpiece B1.1 with a clamping shaft. Alternatively, a double-sided support fixture, such as a V-shaped support frame, can be used to suit rotor workpiece B1.1 without a clamping shaft.

[0057] When rotor workpiece B1.1 rotates, the vibration generated by the unbalance is transmitted to the testing machine floating platform C4 through the support fixture C5. The testing machine floating platform C4, along with its oscillation, transmits the motion displacement to the vibration acquisition sensor C2. The speed sensor C3 acquires the rotational speed of rotor workpiece B1.1 through the marking line or other features on rotor workpiece B1.1, and uses the signal reference of the marking line as the reference for the phase of the unbalance. Through the above process, the unbalance of rotor workpiece B1.1 is measured.

[0058] 2. Belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism D0 like Figure 1 As shown, the belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism D0 is located behind the measuring mechanism C0.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown, the secondary belt clamping drive mechanism D0 includes a horizontal slide mechanism D1 and a secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2. The horizontal slide mechanism D1 is used to adjust the horizontal position of the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 to move the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 directly above the rotor workpiece B1.1.

[0060] In practice, the horizontal slide mechanism D1 is located at the bottom, the upper end of the horizontal slide mechanism D1 is equipped with a two-stage lifting belt drive mechanism D2, and the lower end base plate (slide assembly base plate D1.4) of the horizontal slide mechanism D1 is connected to the mounting reference base plate A0 by screws.

[0061] 2.1 Horizontal Slide Mechanism D1 like Figure 8As shown, the horizontal slide mechanism D1 includes a slide assembly base plate D1.4 and a damping mounting block D1.1, a second cylinder D1.5, a damping stop block D1.6, a slide mounting plate D1.7, and a linear guide rail D1.8 mounted on the slide assembly base plate D1.4. Linear guide rail D1.8 is arranged along the front-back direction and is located at the center of the top surface of slide table assembly base plate D1.4. Two damping mounting blocks D1.1 are arranged on the right side of linear guide rail D1.8, and the two damping mounting blocks D1.1 are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of slide table assembly base plate D1.4. A second cylinder D1.5 is arranged on the left side of linear guide rail D1.8. Slide table mounting plate D1.7 is slidably arranged above linear guide rail D1.8. Slide table mounting plate D1.7 is connected to the second cylinder D1.5, so that the second cylinder D1.5 can drive slide table mounting plate D1.7 to reciprocate along the front-back direction on linear guide rail D1.8. A damping stop block D1.6 is installed on the right side of slide table mounting plate D1.7. The damping stop block D1.6 and the two damping mounting blocks D1.1 are arranged collinearly. The damping mounting block D1.1 is equipped with a buffer damper and a hard stop, thereby realizing the buffering and stroke adjustment of the front-back movement of slide table mounting plate D1.7. A two-stage lifting belt drive mechanism D2 is installed above the slide mounting plate D1.7.

[0062] The transmission connection between the slide mounting plate D1.7 and the second cylinder D1.5 is as follows: The horizontal slide mechanism D1 also includes a horizontal cylinder connecting plate D1.2 and a second floating joint D1.3. The telescopic end of the second cylinder D1.5 is connected to the horizontal cylinder connecting plate D1.2 through the second floating joint D1.3. The horizontal cylinder connecting plate D1.2 is connected to the left rear end of the slide mounting plate D1.7, and the right front end of the slide mounting plate D1.7 is connected to the damping block D1.6.

[0063] 2.2 Secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 includes a vertical base D2.18 and a belt, a belt horizontal drive assembly, a secondary clamping mechanism D2.3, a linear guide rail D2.6, a first damper D2.7, a motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8, a first hard stop screw adjusting nut D2.10, a first damper adjusting nut D2.12, a vertical connecting block D2.13, a third floating joint D2.14, a first hard stop screw D2.15, a lifting cylinder D2.16, a vertical base D2.18, and a vertical mounting plate D2.19. The belt is connected to the belt horizontal drive assembly. When the belt is above the rotor workpiece B1.1 and contacts the rotor workpiece B1.1 with a certain belt wrap angle, it can drive the rotor workpiece B1.1 to rotate at a preset speed or at a certain angle through sliding drive. The belt horizontal drive assembly is used to adjust the horizontal position of the belt and drive the belt.

[0064] A vertical base D2.18 is mounted on a slide mounting plate D1.7. The vertical base D2.18 is an L-shaped base. A lifting cylinder D2.16 and a motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8 are sequentially arranged on the top surface of the horizontal arm of the L-shaped base. The lifting cylinder D2.16 drives the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8 to reciprocate vertically on the linear guide rail D2.6. A horizontally arranged vertical connecting block D2.13 is mounted at the front end of the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8. A first damper D2.7 and a first hardening screw D2.15 are mounted on the vertical connecting block D2.13. The first damper D2.7 is connected to the vertical connecting block D2.13 via a first damper adjusting nut D2.12. The first hardening screw D2.16... .15 is connected to the vertical connecting block D2.13 via the first hard stop screw adjusting nut D2.10; a vertical mounting plate D2.19 is fixedly installed on the vertical arm of the L-shaped base, and a secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 is installed on the vertical mounting plate D2.19. The secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 is located directly below the first damper D2.7 and the first hard stop screw D2.15. The secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 includes a stepped structure, and the top surface of the stepped structure has a stepped contact surface. The stepped structure can move back and forth in the left and right direction, so that the first damper D2.7 and the first hard stop screw D2.15 can abut against any step of the stepped contact surface, thereby realizing the secondary height adjustment of the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2.

[0065] The secondary height adjustment of the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 specifically refers to: when some special workpiece shafts are too short to be rotated by the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0, the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 is used to locate the imbalance. When the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 needs to be used to position the rotor workpiece B1.1 on the measuring mechanism C0, the belt is positioned at a larger wrap angle (e.g., ...). Figure 15 As shown in the figure, friction drives the workpiece to rotate. In addition, during the dynamic balancing test of the measuring mechanism C0, since the interference is mainly caused by the vibration of the belt, it is necessary to adjust the belt left and right, up and down, and tilt angle. The belt drive adjustment mechanism D2.1 has built-in nut adjustment structures in various directions to achieve high degree of freedom, high precision and convenient adjustment.

[0066] The vertical base D2.18 is fixedly connected to the slide mounting plate D1.7, and the vertical base D2.18 is also fixedly connected to the fixed end of the lifting cylinder D2.16. The telescopic end of the lifting cylinder D2.16 is connected to the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8 via the third floating joint D2.14. The motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8 is slidably connected to the vertical base D2.18 via a linear guide rail D2.6. Specifically, a vertically arranged slider backing plate D2.5 is mounted on the side of the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8, and a linear guide rail D2.6 is mounted on the slider backing plate D2.5. The linear guide rail D2.6 is vertically positioned, and a slider is fixedly mounted on the vertical arm of the vertical base D2.18, sliding on the linear guide rail D2.6. Furthermore, the vertical mounting plate D2.19 and the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8 are connected in an L-shape, and the slider backing plate D2.5 serves as a reinforcing rib for this L-shape.

[0067] The belt-driven horizontal drive assembly includes a belt-driven adjustment mechanism D2.1, a rotary adjustment plate clamping and locking screw D2.2, a vertical adjustment block D2.4, a slider support plate D2.5, a horizontal adjustment block D2.9, a horizontal adjustment cover plate D2.11, and a driven pulley D2.20. In the belt-driven adjustment mechanism D2.1: the vertical adjustment block D2.4 has an internal pin structure at its contact surface with the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8, allowing the vertical adjustment block D2.4 to rotate around the pin, thus adjusting the tilt angle freely. The rotary adjustment plate clamping and locking screw D2.2 locks the tilt angle when it is adjusted to the correct position. The horizontal adjustment block D2.9 is installed on the right end of the motor horizontal adjustment plate D2.8, and a push-pull screw is built between the horizontal adjustment cover plate D2.11 and the horizontal adjustment block D2.9, allowing for precise adjustment of the left and right positions of the belt-driven adjustment mechanism D2.1. The driven pulley D2.20 is used to mount the drive belt, enabling high-speed rotation of the rotor workpiece B1.1 during dynamic balancing testing.

[0068] Secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 The secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 includes a secondary cylinder D2.3.1, a stepped structure, a secondary clamping mounting bracket D2.3.5, and a secondary cylinder mounting bracket D2.3.6. The secondary clamping mounting bracket D2.3.5 is fixedly connected to the vertical mounting plate D2.19. A secondary cylinder D2.3.1 is installed on the secondary cylinder mounting bracket D2.3.6 on one side of the secondary clamping mounting bracket D2.3.5. A stepped structure is slidably arranged on the top of the secondary clamping mounting bracket D2.3.5. The top surface of the stepped structure forms a first contact surface and a second contact surface, and the height of the first contact surface is greater than that of the second contact surface. The secondary cylinder D2.3.1 can drive the stepped structure to reciprocate in the left and right direction on the secondary clamping mounting bracket D2.3.5, so that the first contact surface or the second contact surface moves to directly below the first damper D2.7 and the first hard stop screw D2.15, thereby allowing the first damper D2.7 and the first hard stop screw D2.15 to abut against the first contact surface or the second contact surface.

[0069] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the stepped structure mainly consists of a first fixing screw D2.3.2, a second fixing screw D2.17, a secondary clamping block D2.3.3, and a secondary slider D2.3.4. The secondary slider D2.3.4 adopts an L-shaped structure, with the vertical arm of the L-shaped structure facing the secondary cylinder D2.3.1. At the corner of the top of the secondary slider D2.3.4 (i.e., the connection point between the vertical and horizontal arms), the secondary clamping block D2.3.3 is positioned. The width of the secondary clamping block D2.3.3 in the left-right direction is smaller than that of the secondary slider D2.3.4, such that the top surface of the secondary clamping block D2.3.3 and the top surface of the secondary slider D2.3.4 form a first contact surface and a second contact surface, respectively. The secondary clamping block D2.3.3 and the secondary slider D2.3.4 are fixedly connected by the first fixing screw D2.3.2 and the second fixing screw D2.17.

[0070] Furthermore, the secondary cylinder D2.3.1 in the secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 can also be replaced by a driver such as a motor.

[0071] 3. Rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0 The support fixture C5 and the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0 are used to clamp the two ends of the rotor workpiece B1.1 axially. Therefore, as... Figure 1 As shown, the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0 can be arranged on the left or right side of the measuring mechanism C0. The rotor clamping and rotating mechanism B0 can clamp the workpiece and rotate it at a certain angle, rotating the unbalanced position to the top for laser etching. This method can immediately locate the unbalance and perform laser etching after the dynamic balancing test, resulting in higher processing efficiency.

[0072] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 includes a clamping steering mechanism mounting bracket B11, a rotating clamping component B1 and a positioning drive component mounted on the clamping steering mechanism mounting bracket B11. The positioning drive component is used to drive the rotating clamping component B1 to move in the front-back and left-right directions.

[0073] 3.1 Rotary clamping component B1 like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the rotating clamping component B1 includes a jaw chuck B1.2, a floating air connector B1.3, a pneumatic gripper B1.4, a gripper base B1.5, a rotating air connector mounting plate B1.6, a stepper motor B1.7, a motor mounting plate B1.8, and a height adjustment assembly. The motor mounting plate B1.8 is fixedly connected to the left and right adjustment plate B3 in the positioning drive component by screws.

[0074] A set of height adjustment components is arranged on the front and rear sides of the motor mounting plate B1.8. The height adjustment components are used to realize the vertical movement of the rotating clamping component B1. Through fine adjustment, the jaw chuck B1.2 is aligned with the rotor workpiece B1.1.

[0075] The height adjustment assembly includes a height adjustment block L-shaped frame B1.10 and a height adjustment screw B1.11. The vertical arm of the height adjustment block L-shaped frame B1.10 is mounted on the side of the motor mounting plate B1.8, and the height adjustment screw B1.11 passes through the horizontal arm of the height adjustment block L-shaped frame B1.10. The bottom surface of the height adjustment screw B1.11 abuts against the top surface of the positioning drive component, i.e., the top surface of the left and right adjustment plate B3. The height adjustment assembly also includes a steering height adjustment cover plate B1.9, which is horizontally arranged above the height adjustment screw B1.11. The steering height adjustment cover plate B1.9 is slidably connected to the vertical arm of the height adjustment block L-shaped frame B1.10, so that the steering height adjustment cover plate B1.9 can cover the top of the height adjustment screw B1.11. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the rotating clamping component B1, the height of the rotating clamping component B1 in the vertical direction is adjusted by the push and pull force generated by rotating the height adjustment screw B1.11 left and right.

[0076] A stepper motor B1.7 and a floating air connector B1.3 are mounted on the motor mounting plate B1.8. The stepper motor B1.7 and the floating air connector B1.3 are connected in a drive connection. Specifically, the stepper motor B1.7 is mounted on the side surface of the motor mounting plate B1.8 away from the measuring mechanism C0, and one end of the floating air connector B1.3 is mounted on the side surface of the motor mounting plate B1.8 closer to the measuring mechanism C0. The output shaft of the stepper motor B1.7 is connected to the motor coupling inside the floating air connector B1.3. The floating air connector B1.3 is connected to the gripper B1.2 via the air gripper B1.4 and the gripper seat B1.5. The gripper B1.2 is used to hold the gripping shaft of the rotor workpiece B1.1 away from the support fixture C5. The air gripper B1.4 is connected to the external air circuit via a rotary air connector, which is mounted on the rotary air connector mounting plate B1.6. The rotation axis of the stepper motor B1.7 is parallel to the left and right direction, so that the stepper motor B1.7 can drive the gripper B1.2 and the rotor workpiece B1.1 held on the gripper B1.2 to rotate.

[0077] 3.2 Positioning Drive Components like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the positioning drive component includes a left and right adjustment block cover plate B2, a left and right adjustment plate B3, a middle plate B4, a left and right adjustment block seat B5, a first floating joint B6, a linear guide rail B7, a buffer damper B8, a first cylinder B9, a damper mounting bracket B10, a clamping and steering mechanism mounting bracket B11, and a fourth fixing screw B12. The damper mounting bracket B10 is located below the middle of the clamping and steering mechanism mounting bracket B11. When the first cylinder B9 retracts, it contacts and buffers the middle plate B4 through the buffer damper B8. The left and right adjustment block cover plate B2, the left and right adjustment plate B3, the middle plate B4, and the left and right adjustment block seat B5 together form a structure that can be adjusted left and right. During adjustment, the left and right adjustment plate B3 is pushed and pulled by the screw inside the left and right adjustment block seat B5, thereby realizing the left and right adjustment of the rotating clamping component B1. The first cylinder B9 is nested and installed at the right end of the clamping and steering mechanism mounting bracket B11. The first cylinder B9 is connected to the left and right adjusting plates B3 through the first floating joint B6. When the cylinder is activated, it pushes the rotating clamping component B1 to move back and forth.

[0078] 4. Lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism E0 like Figure 11As shown, the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism E0 includes a vortex cooling pipe E1, an angled dust collection pipe mounting plate E2, a dust collection hood mounting plate E3, a dust collection hood E4, a T-shaped clamping seat E5, an air blowing transition block E6, a guide rod cylinder E7, and a lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped bracket E8. This lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism of the present invention forms a small, enclosed space and uses low-temperature gas to blow cutting dust into the dust collection port. Air blowing and dust collection occur simultaneously, effectively removing dust and significantly improving the surface finish of the machined area.

[0079] The L-shaped mounting bracket E8 for the lifting cylinder is installed on the mounting reference base plate A0. A guide rod cylinder E7 is mounted on the side of the L-shaped mounting bracket E8 closest to the measuring mechanism C0. A lower protective sheet metal E13 for the lifting cylinder is mounted at the bottom of the guide rod cylinder E7. The top of the guide rod cylinder E7 is a telescopic end, connected to the dust collection hood E4 via a dust collection hood mounting plate E3. The guide rod cylinder E7 can drive the dust collection hood mounting plate E3 and the dust collection hood E4 to achieve vertical reciprocating motion. The dust collection hood E4 covers the rotor workpiece B1.1 and is located directly below the laser F3. A T-shaped clamping seat E5 is used to clamp and fix the eddy current cooling tube E1.

[0080] In practice, the bottom edge of the dust hood E4 extends inward and adopts a contour design to enclose the rotor and test fixture in a sealed cavity, so that the dust hood E4 forms a sealed cavity around the rotor workpiece B1.1. By dusting in the sealed cavity, the dust collection effect of the rotor laser processing position can be greatly improved.

[0081] In practice, the top surface of the dust hood E4 is made of a light-transmitting material, so that the laser emitted by the laser F3 passes through the dust hood E4 and irradiates the surface of the rotor workpiece B1.1.

[0082] The eddy current cooling tube E1 is used to generate low-temperature cooling gas. The low-temperature outlet of the eddy current cooling tube E1 is connected to the inlet of the air blowing transition block E6 through a pipe. The outlet of the air blowing transition block E6 is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood E4 through a bamboo joint tube. The outlet of the bamboo joint tube is arranged corresponding to the rotor workpiece B1.1. The inside of the dust collection hood E4 is also connected to the inlet of the dust collection pipe, so that the cooling gas can blow the dust generated by laser correction into the inlet of the dust collection pipe.

[0083] Furthermore, in specific implementation, a cooling gas jet can be set at the front end of the dust collection hood E4, and the outlet of the bamboo tube can be connected to the cooling gas jet to use cooling gas to remove dust from laser processing in a timely manner and perform a cooling function.

[0084] The lifting and contouring vacuuming mechanism E0 also includes damping and protective components arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the L-shaped frame E8 for mounting the lifting cylinder. The damping components, used to buffer the impact of the lifting and contouring vacuuming mechanism E0, include a second damper E9, a vacuum cylinder damping mounting plate E10, a second hard stop screw adjusting nut E11, and a third fixing screw E12. The vacuum cylinder damping mounting plate E10 is fixedly connected to the L-shaped frame E8 for mounting the lifting cylinder via the third fixing screw E12. The second damper E9 and the second hard stop screw are mounted on the vacuum cylinder damping mounting plate E10, and the second hard stop screw is connected to the vacuum cylinder damping mounting plate E10 via the second hard stop screw adjusting nut E11. The protective components, including a lower protective sheet metal E13 for the lifting cylinder, are used to reduce impact and vibration.

[0085] Furthermore, in the lifting and contouring vacuuming mechanism E0, a horizontal drive device can be used to propel the vacuum hood E4 forward.

[0086] In one optional embodiment of the present invention, the L-shaped frame E8 for mounting the lifting cylinder is located at the bottom, and a guide rod cylinder E7 is mounted on the right side. A lower protective sheet metal E13 for the lifting cylinder is mounted at the lower end of the guide rod cylinder E7, and the upper end is connected to a dust hood E4 via a dust hood mounting plate E3. The thick pipe at the rear end of the dust hood E4 is used to connect to a dust suction pipe, and the opening at the front is used to spray cooling gas from the blowing transition block E6 through a bamboo-joint pipe onto the surface of the laser-processed rotor. Low-temperature gas generated by the vortex cooling pipe E1 enters the blowing transition block E6 through a pipe, further reducing the gas temperature and achieving a low-temperature cooling effect. A damping mounting plate E10 for the dust suction cylinder is mounted on the upper left end of the L-shaped frame E8 for mounting the lifting cylinder. When the guide rod cylinder E7 descends, the second damper E9 mounted on the damping mounting plate E10 contacts the dust hood mounting plate E3, achieving buffering and height adjustment for this lifting and contouring dust suction mechanism E0.

[0087] 5. Laser assembly F0 like Figure 12 As shown, the laser assembly F0 includes a lifting and adjusting module F1, a laser mounting base plate F2, and a laser F3. The lifting and adjusting module F1 is located at the bottom and is connected to the mounting reference base plate A0 by screws. The right side of the lifting and adjusting module F1 is a lifting platform, and the upper end is a height adjustment screw handwheel. When the handwheel is turned, the lifting platform can be adjusted up and down. The laser F3 is mounted on the lifting platform on the right side of the lifting and adjusting module F1 through the laser mounting base plate F2, thereby enabling the adjustment of the focal length of the laser F3 from the surface of the rotor workpiece B1.1 by the handwheel of the lifting and adjusting module F1.

[0088] II. A Rotor Correction Method This invention provides a laser processing method suitable for achieving a smooth, dust-free, burr-free surface without oxidation or blackening after processing. The method employs a two-layer laser scanning process. The first layer is etching, where the laser uses a densely spaced filling pattern to efficiently remove imbalances, such as… Figure 13 As shown in the left image, the second etching layer uses a laser to process a filling pattern with a relatively wide line spacing, which can clean the processed surface. Figure 13 As shown in the figure on the right.

[0089] The rotor correction method includes the following steps: 1) Place the rotor workpiece B1.1 on the measuring mechanism C0, start the horizontal slide mechanism D1, use the second cylinder D1.5 to drive the slide mounting plate D1.7 to move forward on the linear guide rail D1.8, and push the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 forward until the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 moves to directly above the rotor workpiece B1.1. 2) Using the lifting cylinder D2.16 to drive the horizontal adjusting plate D2.8 of the motor to move downward on the linear guide rail D2.6, the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 is controlled to descend until the belt contacts the rotor workpiece B1.1. At the same time, the secondary cylinder D2.3.1 in the secondary clamping mechanism D2.3 drives the secondary slider D2.3.4 to move to the left, so that the first damper D2.7 and the first hard stop screw D2.15 contact the first contact surface (i.e., the top surface of the secondary slider D2.3.4), realizing the first-level clamping. The belt horizontal drive assembly drives the belt to slide, and the belt drives the rotor workpiece B1.1 to rotate at a preset speed. The measuring mechanism C0 is used to perform a dynamic balance test on the rotor workpiece B1.1. Under primary clamping conditions, the workpiece is driven to rotate with a smaller belt wrap angle (e.g. Figure 15 (As shown), reduce the impact of the belt on the test data to achieve high-precision measurement; 3) After the test is completed, the unbalance and unbalance phase on both sides of the rotor workpiece B1.1 are obtained. The unbalance is substituted into the pre-obtained laser de-weighting curve to obtain the laser processing parameters. The laser de-weighting curve is the relationship curve between the laser processing parameters and the unbalance. 4) Use the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 or ​​the secondary clamping function of the belt secondary clamping drive mechanism D0 to position the unbalance amount of the rotor workpiece B1.1 according to the unbalance phase; In step 4), depending on whether the rotor workpiece B1.1 has a clamping shaft, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 or ​​the belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism D0 is selected to locate the imbalance. If the rotor workpiece B1.1 has a clamping shaft, the support fixture C5 can be a single-sided support fixture, rotatably supporting one end of the rotor workpiece B1.1. The rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 is used to fix the other end of the rotor workpiece B1.1 and drive the rotor workpiece B1.1 to rotate to locate the imbalance. If the rotor workpiece B1.1 does not have a clamping shaft, the support fixture C5 can be a V-shaped support frame. After locating the imbalance using the belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism D0, the pneumatic gripper B1.4 in the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 is used. Utilizing the long stroke of the pneumatic gripper B1.4, the gripper head B1.2 is bypassed by the V-shaped support frame to clamp the middle of the rotor workpiece B1.1, thereby achieving fixation.

[0090] The process of positioning the unbalance using the rotor clamping rotation mechanism B0 is as follows: the positioning drive component is used to adjust the horizontal position of the rotating clamping component B1, and the height adjustment screw B1.11 in the height adjustment assembly is used to adjust the vertical height of the rotating clamping component B1, so that the jaw chuck B1.2 is directly facing the rotor workpiece B1.1; under the external pneumatic drive, the jaw chuck B1.2 on the pneumatic gripper B1.4 clamps the clamping shaft of the rotor workpiece B1.1 on the side away from the support fixture C5. According to the unbalance phase, the stepper motor B1.7 is used to drive the jaw chuck B1.2 to rotate, thereby driving the rotor workpiece B1.1 to rotate, so that the unbalanced area of ​​the rotor workpiece B1.1 is directly above; The process of positioning the unbalance using the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism D0 is as follows: The second-stage cylinder D2.3.1 in the two-stage clamping mechanism D2.3 drives the second-stage slider D2.3.4 to move to the right, causing the bottom surface of the first damper D2.7 and the bottom surface of the first hardened screw D2.15 to simultaneously contact the top surface of the second-stage clamping block D2.3.3, achieving two-stage clamping. The belt horizontal drive assembly drives the belt to slide, causing the rotor workpiece B1.1 to rotate, positioning the unbalanced area of ​​the rotor workpiece B1.1 directly above. When positioning the unbalance, a large belt wrap angle is used for two-stage clamping to steer (e.g., ...). Figure 15 As shown in the figure, it can improve the friction of the belt and reduce slippage, which can cause inaccurate steering angle and deviation in the processing position.

[0091] 5) Use the guide rod cylinder E7 to drive the dust collection hood E4 down to the height of the rotor workpiece B1.1, start the eddy current cooling pipe E1, start the laser F3, and use the height adjustment screw handwheel on the lifting adjustment module F1 to adjust the focal length of the laser F3 from the surface of the rotor workpiece B1.1, adjust the power of the laser F3 to the target power, and use the laser F3 to perform laser correction on one side surface of the rotor workpiece B1.1 in the axial direction. After the laser correction is completed, turn off the laser F3 and the eddy current cooling pipe E1. 6) If the laser processing parameters include laser correction parameters for the other end of the rotor workpiece B1.1 axially, then process the other side of the rotor workpiece B1.1 according to steps 4) to 5), and proceed to step 7). Otherwise, proceed directly to step 7); 7) Perform dynamic balancing test on the laser-corrected rotor workpiece again according to step 2). After the test, obtain the unbalance amount and unbalance phase on both sides of the axial direction of the laser-corrected rotor workpiece. If the unbalance amount on both sides of the axial direction of the laser-corrected rotor workpiece is less than the preset threshold, the test is qualified. Use the lifting cylinder D2.16 to drive the horizontal adjustment plate D2.8 of the motor to move upward on the linear guide rail D2.6 to control the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 to rise. Then use the second cylinder D1.5 to drive the slide mounting plate D1.7 to move backward on the linear guide rail D1.8 to retract the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism D2 and remove the laser-corrected rotor workpiece. If the imbalance on both sides of the rotor workpiece after laser correction is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the test is unqualified. The processing parameters of the laser are obtained based on the imbalance. After locating the imbalance based on the imbalance phase, the process returns to step 4.

[0092] The laser processing parameters include the number of laser etchings N; the laser correction uses N laser etchings, each laser etching includes a first layer etching and a second layer etching performed sequentially, and the scan line spacing of the first layer etching is greater than that of the second layer etching. The specific process of obtaining the laser deduplication curve is as follows: the scanning line spacing of the first layer of etching and the scanning line spacing of the second layer of etching are obtained in advance through a limited number of experiments; using the scanning line spacing of the first layer of etching and the scanning line spacing of the second layer of etching, the rotor sample is laser etched several times, and the imbalance amount after each laser etching is tested. The number of laser etchings and the corresponding imbalance amount constitute a set of data. The multiple sets of data are fitted using fitting methods such as the least squares method to obtain the laser deduplication curve.

[0093] In practice, fitting the laser deduplication curve is not limited to the least squares method.

[0094] It should be noted that the above content does not specifically refer to the form of this invention. All equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching technology, characterized in that: It includes a mounting base plate (A0) and a rotor clamping and rotating mechanism (B0), a measuring mechanism (C0), a belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism (D0), a lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism (E0), and a laser assembly (F0) arranged on the mounting base plate (A0). A rotor clamping and rotating mechanism (B0) is arranged on one side of the measuring mechanism (C0). The measuring mechanism (C0) and the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism (B0) are movably connected to the two ends of the rotor workpiece (B1.1) along the axial direction, respectively. The measuring mechanism (C0) is used to measure the imbalance of the rotor workpiece (B1.1), and the rotor clamping and rotating mechanism (B0) is used to rotate the rotor workpiece (B1.1) to locate the imbalance or to fix the rotor workpiece (B1.1) during the laser correction process. The upper part of the belt-driven secondary clamping mechanism (D0) extends above the rotor workpiece (B1.1) and is connected to the rotor workpiece (B1.1) via a belt, thereby driving the rotor workpiece (B1.1) to rotate or rotate to locate the imbalance. The dust collection part of the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism (E0) is located above the rotor workpiece (B1.1) and is used to collect dust and cool the rotor workpiece (B1.1) during the laser correction process. The laser emitting part of the laser assembly (F0) is located above the dust collection part of the lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism (E0) and is used to perform laser correction on the rotor workpiece (B1.1).

2. The high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring mechanism (C0) includes a test machine base (C1), a vibration acquisition sensor (C2), a speed sensor (C3), a test machine floating platform (C4), and a support fixture (C5). The test machine base (C1), the test machine floating platform (C4), and the support fixture (C5) are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The support fixture (C5) rotatably supports one end of the rotor workpiece (B1.1). The axis of the rotor workpiece (B1.1) is arranged horizontally and can be driven to rotate by the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism (D0). The speed sensor (C3) is used to collect the rotational speed of the rotor workpiece (B1.1), and the vibration transmission copper rod of the vibration acquisition sensor (C2) is connected to the floating platform of the testing machine (C4) to collect the vibration of the floating platform of the testing machine (C4). The test machine base (C1) is fixedly connected to the mounting reference base plate (A0). The test machine base (C1) is flexibly connected to the test machine floating platform (C4) through several vertically arranged spring rods. The test machine floating platform (C4) is connected to the support clamp (C5).

3. The high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching process according to claim 2, characterized in that: The belt secondary pressing drive mechanism (D0) is located behind the measuring mechanism (C0) and includes a horizontal slide mechanism (D1) and a secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2). The horizontal slide mechanism (D1) is used to adjust the horizontal position of the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2). The secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2) includes a vertical base (D2.18), a belt mounted on the vertical base (D2.18), a belt horizontal drive assembly, a secondary clamping mechanism (D2.3), a first damper (D2.7), a motor horizontal adjustment plate (D2.8), a first hard stop screw (D2.15), a vertical connecting block (D2.13), a lifting cylinder (D2.16), a vertical base (D2.18), and a vertical mounting plate (D2.19). The belt is connected to the belt horizontal drive assembly for transmission. The belt can rotate the rotor workpiece (B1.1) by sliding drive. The belt horizontal drive assembly is used to adjust the horizontal position of the belt and drive the belt. The vertical base (D2.18) is mounted on the slide mounting plate (D1.7) of the horizontal slide mechanism (D1). The vertical base (D2.18) is an L-shaped base. A lifting cylinder (D2.16) and a motor horizontal adjustment plate (D2.8) are arranged sequentially on the horizontal arm of the L-shaped base. The lifting cylinder (D2.16) can drive the motor horizontal adjustment plate (D2.8) to reciprocate vertically. A vertical connecting block (D2.13) is installed at the front end of the motor horizontal adjustment plate (D2.8). A first damper (D2.7) and a first hard stop screw (D2.1) are installed on the vertical connecting block (D2.13). 5) A vertical mounting plate (D2.19) is fixedly installed on the vertical arm of the L-shaped base. A secondary clamping mechanism (D2.3) is installed on the vertical mounting plate (D2.19). The secondary clamping mechanism (D2.3) is located below the first damper (D2.7) and the first hard stop screw (D2.15). The secondary clamping mechanism (D2.3) includes a stepped structure. The top surface of the stepped structure has a stepped contact surface. The stepped structure can move back and forth in the left and right direction, so that the first damper (D2.7) and the first hard stop screw (D2.15) can abut against any step of the stepped contact surface.

4. A high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching process according to claim 3, characterized in that: The secondary clamping mechanism (D2.3) includes a secondary cylinder (D2.3.1), a stepped structure, a secondary clamping mounting bracket (D2.3.5), and a secondary cylinder mounting bracket (D2.3.6). The secondary clamping mounting bracket (D2.3.5) is fixedly connected to the vertical mounting plate (D2.19). The secondary cylinder (D2.3.1) is installed on one side of the secondary clamping mounting bracket (D2.3.5). The stepped structure is slidably arranged on the top of the secondary clamping mounting bracket (D2.3.5). The top surface of the stepped structure forms a first contact surface and a second contact surface, and the height of the first contact surface is greater than that of the second contact surface. The secondary cylinder (D2.3.1) can drive the stepped structure to move back and forth, so that the first contact surface or the second contact surface moves to directly below the first damper (D2.7) and the first hard stop screw (D2.15).

5. A high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching process according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotor clamping rotation mechanism (B0) includes a clamping steering mechanism mounting bracket (B11), a rotating clamping component (B1) and a positioning drive component mounted on the clamping steering mechanism mounting bracket (B11). The positioning drive component is used to drive the rotating clamping component (B1) to move in the front-back and left-right directions. The rotating clamping component (B1) includes a jaw chuck (B1.2), a floating air connector (B1.3), an air gripper (B1.4), a gripper base (B1.5), a rotating air connector mounting plate (B1.6), a stepper motor (B1.7), a motor mounting plate (B1.8), and two sets of height adjustment components. Two sets of height adjustment components are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the motor mounting plate (B1.8) for adjusting the vertical position of the rotary clamping component (B1); a stepper motor (B1.7) is mounted on the motor mounting plate (B1.8), and the output shaft of the stepper motor (B1.7) is connected to the pneumatic gripper (B1.4) via a floating air connector (B1.3). A gripper chuck (B1.2) is mounted on the gripper seat (B1.5) of the pneumatic gripper (B1.4), and the gripper chuck (B1.2) is used to clamp the rotor workpiece (B1.1). The pneumatic gripper (B1.4) is connected to an external air circuit via a rotary air connector, and the rotary air connector is mounted on a rotary air connector mounting plate (B1.6).

6. A high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine based on laser etching process according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting and contouring dust collection mechanism (E0) includes a vortex cooling pipe (E1), an angled dust collection pipe mounting plate (E2), a dust collection hood mounting plate (E3), a dust collection hood (E4), an air blowing transition block (E6), a guide rod cylinder (E7), and a lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped bracket (E8). The lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped bracket (E8) is mounted on the mounting reference base plate (A0). A guide rod cylinder (E7) is mounted on the lifting cylinder mounting L-shaped bracket (E8). The top of the guide rod cylinder (E7) is a telescopic end, which is connected to the dust hood (E4) through the dust hood mounting plate (E3). The dust hood (E4) covers the rotor workpiece (B1.1). The guide rod cylinder (E7) can drive the dust hood mounting plate (E3) and the dust hood (E4) to achieve reciprocating motion in the vertical direction. The vortex cooling tube (E1) is used to generate cooling gas. The outlet of the vortex cooling tube (E1) is connected to the inlet of the air blowing transition block (E6) through a pipe. The outlet of the air blowing transition block (E6) is connected to the inside of the dust collection hood (E4) through a bamboo joint tube. The outlet of the bamboo joint tube is arranged corresponding to the rotor workpiece (B1.1). The inside of the dust collection hood (E4) is also connected to the inlet of the dust collection tube, so that the cooling gas can blow the dust generated by laser correction into the inlet of the dust collection tube.

7. A rotor correction method using the high-precision dynamic balancing automatic correction machine as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1) Place the rotor workpiece (B1.1) on the measuring mechanism (C0), start the horizontal slide mechanism (D1), and push the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2) forward until the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2) moves directly above the rotor workpiece (B1.1); Step 2) Control the belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2) to descend until the belt contacts the rotor workpiece (B1.1); so that the first damper (D2.7) and the first hard stop screw (D2.15) abut against the first contact surface to achieve first-level clamping; The belt is driven to slide using a belt horizontal drive assembly. The belt drives the rotor workpiece (B1.1) to rotate at a preset speed. The measuring mechanism (C0) is used to perform a dynamic balance test on the rotor workpiece (B1.1). Step 3) After the test is completed, the unbalance amount and unbalance phase at both ends of the rotor workpiece (B1.1) are obtained. The unbalance amount is substituted into the pre-obtained laser de-weighting curve to obtain the laser processing parameters. The laser de-weighting curve is the relationship curve between the laser processing parameters and the unbalance amount. Step 4) Use the rotor clamping rotation mechanism (B0) or the secondary clamping function of the belt secondary clamping drive mechanism (D0) to position the rotor workpiece (B1.1) according to the unbalance phase; Step 5) Lower the dust hood (E4) to the height of the rotor workpiece (B1.1), start the eddy current cooling pipe (E1), adjust the power of the laser (F3) to the target power, use the laser (F3) to perform laser correction on the rotor workpiece (B1.1), and after the laser correction is completed, turn off the laser (F3) and the eddy current cooling pipe (E1). Step 6) If the laser processing parameters include laser correction of the other end of the rotor workpiece (B1.1) in the axial direction, then after laser correction of the other end of the rotor workpiece (B1.1) in the axial direction according to Steps 4 and 5, proceed to Step 7. Otherwise, proceed directly to step 7; Step 7) Perform dynamic balancing test on the laser-corrected rotor workpiece again according to Step 2. After the test is completed, obtain the unbalance amount and unbalance phase at both ends of the laser-corrected rotor workpiece. If the imbalance at both ends of the rotor workpiece after laser correction is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the test is unqualified. The processing parameters of the laser are obtained based on the imbalance. After locating the imbalance based on the imbalance phase, the process returns to step 4. If the imbalance at both ends of the laser-corrected rotor workpiece is less than the preset threshold, the test is qualified. The belt on the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2) is then raised, and the secondary lifting belt drive mechanism (D2) is moved back to remove the laser-corrected rotor workpiece.

8. The rotor correction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser processing parameters include the number of laser etchings N; the laser correction uses N laser etchings, each laser etching including a first layer etching and a second layer etching performed sequentially, the scan line spacing of the first layer etching is greater than the scan line spacing of the second layer etching. The process of obtaining the laser deduplication curve is as follows: using the pre-set scan line spacing of the first layer of etching and the scan line spacing of the second layer of etching, the rotor sample is laser etched several times, and the imbalance amount after each laser etching is tested. The number of laser etchings and the corresponding imbalance amount constitute a set of data. The multiple sets of data are fitted to obtain the laser deduplication curve.

9. The rotor correction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism (B0) or the belt-driven two-stage clamping drive mechanism (D0) is selected to locate the imbalance amount depending on whether the rotor workpiece (B1.1) has a clamping shaft. If the rotor workpiece (B1.1) has a clamping shaft, the rotor clamping rotation mechanism (B0) is used to locate the imbalance amount; if the rotor workpiece (B1.1) does not have a clamping shaft, the belt-driven two-stage clamping drive mechanism (D0) is used to locate the imbalance amount. The process of positioning the unbalance using the rotor clamping rotation mechanism (B0) is as follows: Under the drive of the external air circuit, the jaw chuck (B1.2) on the air gripper (B1.4) clamps the clamping shaft of the rotor workpiece (B1.1) away from the support fixture (C5). According to the unbalance phase, the stepper motor (B1.7) drives the jaw chuck (B1.2) to rotate, thereby driving the rotor workpiece (B1.1) to rotate, so that the unbalanced area of ​​the rotor workpiece (B1.1) is located at the top. The process of positioning the imbalance using the belt-driven two-stage clamping mechanism (D0) is as follows: the second-stage cylinder (D2.3.1) in the two-stage clamping mechanism (D2.3) drives the second-stage slider (D2.3.4) to move, so that the first damper (D2.7) and the first hard stop screw (D2.15) abut against the top surface of the second-stage clamping block (D2.3.3) to achieve two-stage clamping; the belt horizontal drive assembly drives the belt to slide, and the belt drives the rotor workpiece (B1.1) to rotate, so that the imbalance area of ​​the rotor workpiece (B1.1) is located at the top.

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